Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.1177/21651434231186136
J. Sinclair, Carly B. Gilson, Heather Dulas
Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) often face societal barriers to accessing employment due to stigma and discrimination. For people with IDD who have an employment history, little is known about their experiences in accessing employment opportunities. Self-determination behaviors are considered an integral component to a successful adulthood, yet there is limited research that gives voice to people with IDD describing their self-determination and experiences with employment. This study used qualitative content analysis to examine self-determination behaviors in employment experiences of 18 adults with disabilities. Participants provided clear examples of self-determined behaviors which benefited their navigation in work and life. Participants shared advice for other adults with IDD on how to attain employment. Implications for future research and practices are provided.
{"title":"“I’m Going to Be a Working Person”: Self-Determination in Employment Settings for Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","authors":"J. Sinclair, Carly B. Gilson, Heather Dulas","doi":"10.1177/21651434231186136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21651434231186136","url":null,"abstract":"Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) often face societal barriers to accessing employment due to stigma and discrimination. For people with IDD who have an employment history, little is known about their experiences in accessing employment opportunities. Self-determination behaviors are considered an integral component to a successful adulthood, yet there is limited research that gives voice to people with IDD describing their self-determination and experiences with employment. This study used qualitative content analysis to examine self-determination behaviors in employment experiences of 18 adults with disabilities. Participants provided clear examples of self-determined behaviors which benefited their navigation in work and life. Participants shared advice for other adults with IDD on how to attain employment. Implications for future research and practices are provided.","PeriodicalId":47075,"journal":{"name":"Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42193015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.1177/21651434231186351
Holly N. Whittenburg, Jennifer McDonough, Carol Schall, Thomas Dubois, Vivian E. Vitullo, P. Wehman
Research is needed that describes how COVID-19 affected the employment of autistic youth. In this mixed-methods study, we present data on three cohorts of military-connected/dependent youth on the autism spectrum participating in a randomized, waitlist-controlled trial of Project SEARCH + ASD Supports to describe the potential effects of COVID-19 on employment. We also present three participant case studies to highlight challenges and opportunities faced during the transition process. Findings indicate the pandemic appeared to affect the 2019-2020 cohort most negatively, with employment outcomes lagging the previous cohorts by 29.1% to 48.2%. However, the case studies highlight approaches that effectively supported participants, including interagency collaboration, military and federal partnerships, skilled employment specialist support, and family involvement.
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on the Employment of Transition-Aged Military-Dependent or Connected Autistic Youth","authors":"Holly N. Whittenburg, Jennifer McDonough, Carol Schall, Thomas Dubois, Vivian E. Vitullo, P. Wehman","doi":"10.1177/21651434231186351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21651434231186351","url":null,"abstract":"Research is needed that describes how COVID-19 affected the employment of autistic youth. In this mixed-methods study, we present data on three cohorts of military-connected/dependent youth on the autism spectrum participating in a randomized, waitlist-controlled trial of Project SEARCH + ASD Supports to describe the potential effects of COVID-19 on employment. We also present three participant case studies to highlight challenges and opportunities faced during the transition process. Findings indicate the pandemic appeared to affect the 2019-2020 cohort most negatively, with employment outcomes lagging the previous cohorts by 29.1% to 48.2%. However, the case studies highlight approaches that effectively supported participants, including interagency collaboration, military and federal partnerships, skilled employment specialist support, and family involvement.","PeriodicalId":47075,"journal":{"name":"Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47963821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.1177/21651434231183415
J. Sinclair, R. Jez, J. Banks, Suzanne Kucharczyk
There is a common narrative in the field of transition: students with disabilities continue to experience poorer post-school outcomes compared with their peers without disabilities. After decades of research and practice, scholars and practitioners have impacted countless numbers of students. However, disparate outcomes for diverse youth still exist. The Division on Career Development and Transition takes the position that if we are to begin reducing persistent differential outcomes for diverse youth, we must examine our current practices and apply anti-oppressive practices to transition planning to ensure we do not continue to perpetuate White cultural norms and ableist approaches to transition. We applied four equity frameworks to transition planning and provided recommendations for transition practice and service delivery.
{"title":"Building Equity Into Transition Practice and Service Delivery: A Call for Systemic Changes in the Field of Transition","authors":"J. Sinclair, R. Jez, J. Banks, Suzanne Kucharczyk","doi":"10.1177/21651434231183415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21651434231183415","url":null,"abstract":"There is a common narrative in the field of transition: students with disabilities continue to experience poorer post-school outcomes compared with their peers without disabilities. After decades of research and practice, scholars and practitioners have impacted countless numbers of students. However, disparate outcomes for diverse youth still exist. The Division on Career Development and Transition takes the position that if we are to begin reducing persistent differential outcomes for diverse youth, we must examine our current practices and apply anti-oppressive practices to transition planning to ensure we do not continue to perpetuate White cultural norms and ableist approaches to transition. We applied four equity frameworks to transition planning and provided recommendations for transition practice and service delivery.","PeriodicalId":47075,"journal":{"name":"Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49443442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.1177/21651434231170540
Xiaoning Sun, Matthew E. Brock
Video prompting (VP) is an evidence-based practice, but few studies have included teachers and paraeducators as implementers. We adopted one of the single-case designs (multiple probe design) to evaluate the effectiveness of teacher and paraeducator-implemented VP on vocational skills for four high school students with significant intellectual and developmental disabilities. Experimental effects were demonstrated for all four students, but only two students met the mastery criterion. Individualized adaptations (i.e., priming, more frequent reinforcement) enabled two students to make further progress. The two students who met the mastery criterion maintained their performance after 2 weeks. These findings add to growing evidence that teachers and practitioners can effectively implement VP and suggest that individualized adaptations may be needed for some students with significant disabilities.
{"title":"Practitioner-Implemented Video Prompting on Vocational Skills of Students With Significant Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","authors":"Xiaoning Sun, Matthew E. Brock","doi":"10.1177/21651434231170540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21651434231170540","url":null,"abstract":"Video prompting (VP) is an evidence-based practice, but few studies have included teachers and paraeducators as implementers. We adopted one of the single-case designs (multiple probe design) to evaluate the effectiveness of teacher and paraeducator-implemented VP on vocational skills for four high school students with significant intellectual and developmental disabilities. Experimental effects were demonstrated for all four students, but only two students met the mastery criterion. Individualized adaptations (i.e., priming, more frequent reinforcement) enabled two students to make further progress. The two students who met the mastery criterion maintained their performance after 2 weeks. These findings add to growing evidence that teachers and practitioners can effectively implement VP and suggest that individualized adaptations may be needed for some students with significant disabilities.","PeriodicalId":47075,"journal":{"name":"Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44211967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.1177/21651434231169990
Audrey A. Trainor, Lindsay E. Romano
Disparities in postschool outcomes between student groups associated with intersecting historical marginalizations such as ableism, racism, classism, and linguicism remain stark. Critical research methods have contributed to the development of equity-focused research. In this conceptual paper, we examine intersectional research, one critical methodology focused on equity. In a recent study of postsecondary transitions of multilingual students with disabilities in the northeastern United States, we found this methodology to be productive in examining marginalization and equitable transition outcomes. First, we define intersectionality and provide a rationale for its use. We then share foundational claims of intersectional research, and we provide illustrative examples from our study. The discussion identifies implementation strategies. Last, we share implications such as tensions, benefits, and insights from our application and the extant literature.
{"title":"Intersectional Research as a Methodology for Shaping Transition Research in Support of Equitable Postschool Outcomes","authors":"Audrey A. Trainor, Lindsay E. Romano","doi":"10.1177/21651434231169990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21651434231169990","url":null,"abstract":"Disparities in postschool outcomes between student groups associated with intersecting historical marginalizations such as ableism, racism, classism, and linguicism remain stark. Critical research methods have contributed to the development of equity-focused research. In this conceptual paper, we examine intersectional research, one critical methodology focused on equity. In a recent study of postsecondary transitions of multilingual students with disabilities in the northeastern United States, we found this methodology to be productive in examining marginalization and equitable transition outcomes. First, we define intersectionality and provide a rationale for its use. We then share foundational claims of intersectional research, and we provide illustrative examples from our study. The discussion identifies implementation strategies. Last, we share implications such as tensions, benefits, and insights from our application and the extant literature.","PeriodicalId":47075,"journal":{"name":"Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41273578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1177/21651434231159170
Valerie L. Mazzotti, Allison R. Lombardi
{"title":"From the Editors","authors":"Valerie L. Mazzotti, Allison R. Lombardi","doi":"10.1177/21651434231159170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21651434231159170","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47075,"journal":{"name":"Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43926362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-21DOI: 10.1177/21651434231166340
Mary E. Morningstar, Sarah R. Carlson, Dana L. Lattin, Rebecca Romine Swinburne
This article shares the results from a quasi-experimental mixed-methods study of a promising transition-focused professional development approach. The 12-week team-based intervention resulted in positive outcomes among intervention group participants’ knowledge and capacities. The intervention group exhibited statistically significant changes in knowledge of transition assessment practices as well as in using various types of age-appropriate transition assessments and implementing effective practices associated with a comprehensive transition assessment process. At the program level, findings indicated team-level indicators showed statistically significant improvements. The study demonstrated teams who received the intervention were more likely to attain a program-level goal, which was substantially greater than the comparison teams. Implications for future research and practice are shared.
{"title":"Exploratory Study of a Team-Based Model of Transition Professional Development","authors":"Mary E. Morningstar, Sarah R. Carlson, Dana L. Lattin, Rebecca Romine Swinburne","doi":"10.1177/21651434231166340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21651434231166340","url":null,"abstract":"This article shares the results from a quasi-experimental mixed-methods study of a promising transition-focused professional development approach. The 12-week team-based intervention resulted in positive outcomes among intervention group participants’ knowledge and capacities. The intervention group exhibited statistically significant changes in knowledge of transition assessment practices as well as in using various types of age-appropriate transition assessments and implementing effective practices associated with a comprehensive transition assessment process. At the program level, findings indicated team-level indicators showed statistically significant improvements. The study demonstrated teams who received the intervention were more likely to attain a program-level goal, which was substantially greater than the comparison teams. Implications for future research and practice are shared.","PeriodicalId":47075,"journal":{"name":"Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42766585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.1177/21651434231163498
Valerie L. Mazzotti, Mary E. Morningstar, Allison R. Lombardi, Sheida K. Raley, D. Rowe, Marcus I. Poppen, Kyle Reardon, Sarah R. Carlson, Deanne Unruh, Jessica L. Monahan, Jessica G. Rousey, Janie N. Vicchio, D. Test
In this paper, we describe the conceptualization and development of the Secondary Transition Fidelity Assessment (STFA), a measure intended for use by high school leadership teams to examine secondary programs and practices demonstrated by research to lead to meaningful outcomes for secondary students with and without disabilities. We describe our conceptualization and development efforts, which resulted in a measure with six critical features: adolescent engagement, district-level capacity, school-level capacity, community engagement, family engagement, and professional capacity. Based on stakeholder feedback, we revised the STFA and developed an instruction manual and action planning guide to support the self-evaluation of secondary programs and practices using data from the STFA. Recommendations for the field related to research, policy, and practice are provided.
{"title":"Conceptualizing and Developing the Secondary Transition Fidelity Assessment to Support Transition Programming and Practice","authors":"Valerie L. Mazzotti, Mary E. Morningstar, Allison R. Lombardi, Sheida K. Raley, D. Rowe, Marcus I. Poppen, Kyle Reardon, Sarah R. Carlson, Deanne Unruh, Jessica L. Monahan, Jessica G. Rousey, Janie N. Vicchio, D. Test","doi":"10.1177/21651434231163498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21651434231163498","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we describe the conceptualization and development of the Secondary Transition Fidelity Assessment (STFA), a measure intended for use by high school leadership teams to examine secondary programs and practices demonstrated by research to lead to meaningful outcomes for secondary students with and without disabilities. We describe our conceptualization and development efforts, which resulted in a measure with six critical features: adolescent engagement, district-level capacity, school-level capacity, community engagement, family engagement, and professional capacity. Based on stakeholder feedback, we revised the STFA and developed an instruction manual and action planning guide to support the self-evaluation of secondary programs and practices using data from the STFA. Recommendations for the field related to research, policy, and practice are provided.","PeriodicalId":47075,"journal":{"name":"Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42494577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.1177/21651434231154584
Lynn A. Newman, Audrey A. Trainor, Lindsay E. Romano
This study examined the relationship between demographic, disability-related, and transition planning experiences and accessing disability-specific and universally available supports at 2- and 4-year colleges by postsecondary students identified in secondary school as English learners with disabilities. Findings were based on secondary analysis of a nationally representative sample of approximately 160 English learners with disabilities included in the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2). Logistic regression results identified two potentially malleable factors linked to increased likelihood of English learners with disabilities accessing postsecondary supports. If these students had a high school transition plan that indicated postsecondary supports as a needed post-high school service, when they attended college they were more likely to access both postsecondary disability-specific supports ( p < .01), and supports universally available to the full postsecondary student body ( p < .001). Aspects of self-determination also were related to an increased likelihood of seeking postsecondary supports. Higher levels of personal autonomy were positively related to accessing disability-specific ( p < .001) and universally available help ( p < .05), and higher levels of psychological empowerment were related to receipt of universally available supports ( p < .01). These findings demonstrate that high school professionals can support the postschool success of English learners with disabilities by influencing their likelihood of accessing beneficial supports in postsecondary school.
{"title":"Factors Related to Accessing Postsecondary School Supports by English Learners With Disabilities","authors":"Lynn A. Newman, Audrey A. Trainor, Lindsay E. Romano","doi":"10.1177/21651434231154584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21651434231154584","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the relationship between demographic, disability-related, and transition planning experiences and accessing disability-specific and universally available supports at 2- and 4-year colleges by postsecondary students identified in secondary school as English learners with disabilities. Findings were based on secondary analysis of a nationally representative sample of approximately 160 English learners with disabilities included in the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2). Logistic regression results identified two potentially malleable factors linked to increased likelihood of English learners with disabilities accessing postsecondary supports. If these students had a high school transition plan that indicated postsecondary supports as a needed post-high school service, when they attended college they were more likely to access both postsecondary disability-specific supports ( p < .01), and supports universally available to the full postsecondary student body ( p < .001). Aspects of self-determination also were related to an increased likelihood of seeking postsecondary supports. Higher levels of personal autonomy were positively related to accessing disability-specific ( p < .001) and universally available help ( p < .05), and higher levels of psychological empowerment were related to receipt of universally available supports ( p < .01). These findings demonstrate that high school professionals can support the postschool success of English learners with disabilities by influencing their likelihood of accessing beneficial supports in postsecondary school.","PeriodicalId":47075,"journal":{"name":"Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43635527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.1177/21651434231151665
Kara A. Hirano, Katherine W. Bromley, L. Lindstrom
Young women with disabilities tend to experience poorer postschool employment outcomes than young men with disabilities and their peers without disabilities. Paid work experiences while in high school have been identified as significantly increasing the likelihood of later employment, yet few recent studies have examined the early employment experiences of young women with disabilities. This study reports the characteristics of paid employment experiences of 134 young women with disabilities. Findings indicate that fewer young women in our sample had paid work experience than young women nearly 20 years ago, and that early employment patterns are reflective of gendered employment patterns documented in adulthood. Implications for educators and service providers include collaboration across multiple systems and a need for gender-specific interventions.
{"title":"Still Stuck: An Examination of the Early Paid Employment Experiences of Young Women With Disabilities","authors":"Kara A. Hirano, Katherine W. Bromley, L. Lindstrom","doi":"10.1177/21651434231151665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21651434231151665","url":null,"abstract":"Young women with disabilities tend to experience poorer postschool employment outcomes than young men with disabilities and their peers without disabilities. Paid work experiences while in high school have been identified as significantly increasing the likelihood of later employment, yet few recent studies have examined the early employment experiences of young women with disabilities. This study reports the characteristics of paid employment experiences of 134 young women with disabilities. Findings indicate that fewer young women in our sample had paid work experience than young women nearly 20 years ago, and that early employment patterns are reflective of gendered employment patterns documented in adulthood. Implications for educators and service providers include collaboration across multiple systems and a need for gender-specific interventions.","PeriodicalId":47075,"journal":{"name":"Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45713353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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