Journal of Historical Geography最新文献

英文中文

IF 1.1 2区历史学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY

Journal of Historical Geography

Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2025.08.009

Rodrigo Escribano Roca

引用次数: 0

From idea to urban form: The evolution of Howard's concept and typology of historical garden cities in Poland 从理念到城市形态：霍华德对波兰历史园林城市概念和类型的演变

IF 1.1 2区历史学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY

Journal of Historical Geography

Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2025.09.004

Tomasz Spórna , Paweł Sudra , Tomasz Figlus , Łukasz Musiaka , Piotr Kryczka , Agnieszka Lisowska-Kierepka , Dominik Sikorski , Robert Szmytkie

This study examines the settlement units within the boundaries of contemporary Poland that relate their development to Howard's garden city concept. We explore diverse cartographic materials, plans, and scientific and popular literature to identify them. We identified their number and spatial and functional specificity by analysing the genesis and development of Poland's garden cities, garden suburbs, and garden estates from the end of the 19th century to the 1980s. We also presented their typology, considering the morphogenetic-functional, morphological, historical, toponymy (naming) and degree of realisation criteria. The results show that the first ‘garden cities’ occurred as early as the 1910s. They failed to meet many of Howard's original concept's spatial and functional assumptions. For example, in the morphological aspect, the identified concentric-radial type was realised in practice in less than 15 % of the surveyed units. We identified four pathways for the formation of garden cities and garden suburbs in Poland: the first related to the emergence of garden cities, the second related to the emergence of summer resorts and spas, the third related to the development of patronage settlements, and the fourth related to villa districts and garden suburbs emerging in the cities.

本研究考察了当代波兰境内的定居单位，并将其发展与霍华德的花园城市概念联系起来。我们探索不同的地图材料，计划，科学和通俗文学来识别它们。通过分析波兰花园城市、花园郊区和花园庄园从19世纪末到20世纪80年代的起源和发展，我们确定了它们的数量、空间和功能特殊性。我们还提出了它们的类型，考虑形态发生功能，形态，历史，地名（命名）和实现标准的程度。结果表明，最早的“花园城市”早在20世纪10年代就出现了。它们未能满足霍华德最初概念的许多空间和功能假设。例如，在形态学方面，在不到15%的调查单位中实现了识别的同心径向型。我们确定了波兰花园城市和花园郊区形成的四条路径：第一条与花园城市的出现有关，第二条与避暑胜地和水疗中心的出现有关，第三条与赞助定居点的发展有关，第四条与城市中出现的别墅区和花园郊区有关。

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引用次数: 0

(Im)mobilizing land: Real property and Capitalism's spatial processes in twentieth-century Calcutta and Bombay 动员土地：20世纪加尔各答和孟买的房地产和资本主义的空间过程

IF 1.1 2区历史学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY

Journal of Historical Geography

Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2025.08.005

Gaurav C. Garg

Land in capitalism is notoriously difficult to analyse. Treating it as real or fictitious capital/commodity can lead to a neglect of land's theoretical and economic significance, while treating it as distinct from capital/commodity can disproportionately limit focus to cases where land resists financialization/commodification. How, then, can we make sense of land's material placeness alongside the structural requirement to circulate it for accumulation in capitalism? This article argues that a productive way to wrestle with the challenge posed by land in capitalism is to use the analytic of ‘land mobilization.’ This can not only help us account for the difficulty and incompleteness of land's transformation into an asset, but it can also help to include factors such as differences in levels of financialization and strategic reasons for holding real-property that are often left out of scholarly analyses in the making of real estate markets and the historical geographies of capitalism. To demonstrate the fecundity of this approach, this article examines and compares how business and landed elites in late colonial and early postcolonial Calcutta and Bombay understood the real property market, acted on it, and its consequences. Through this comparison, this article suggests that localized struggles to (im)mobilize land have been central in the making of capitalism's historical geographies.

众所周知，资本主义制度下的土地很难分析。将其视为真实或虚构的资本/商品可能会导致忽视土地的理论和经济意义，而将其与资本/商品区分开来可能会不成比例地将焦点限制在土地抵抗金融化/商品化的情况下。那么，我们如何才能理解土地的物质位置，以及资本主义中为积累而循环土地的结构性要求？本文认为，应对资本主义中土地带来的挑战的有效方法是使用“土地动员”的分析。这不仅可以帮助我们解释土地转化为资产的难度和不完整性，还可以帮助我们考虑诸如金融化水平的差异和持有房地产的战略原因等因素，这些因素在房地产市场形成和资本主义历史地理的学术分析中经常被遗漏。为了证明这种方法的多产性，本文考察并比较了殖民后期和后殖民早期加尔各答和孟买的商业和土地精英如何理解房地产市场，如何采取行动，以及它的后果。通过这种比较，本文表明，在资本主义历史地理的形成过程中，动员土地的局部斗争一直是中心。

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引用次数: 0

IF 1.1 2区历史学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY

Journal of Historical Geography

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2025.08.008

Jahzeel Aguilera Lara

引用次数: 0

IF 1.1 2区历史学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY

Journal of Historical Geography

Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2025.09.003

Miles Ogborn

引用次数: 0

The history of environmental Turanism in the Pannonian basin in the early twentieth century 20世纪初潘诺尼亚盆地环境图兰主义的历史

IF 1.1 2区历史学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY

Journal of Historical Geography

Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2025.09.001

Viktor Pál

This study examines the rise and decline of Environmental Turanism as a counter-narrative to Western models of environmental modernization in interwar Hungary. Environmental Turanism emerged in the wake of the Treaty of Trianon (1920), which left deep social and political scars, and offered an alternative vision rooted in Eurasian cultural affinities and the steppe ecologies of the Pannonian Basin. It challenged the prevailing paradigm of large-scale landscape engineering—such as river regulation and land reclamation—which, despite their promise of development, often resulted in ecological degradation, including soil desiccation and vulnerability to drought. By blending romantic nationalism, traditional ecological knowledge, and holistic landscape science, Environmental Turanism articulated a symbiotic framework that resisted the dualism of humans versus nature dominant in Western discourse. Yet Environmental Turanism never established a firm institutional foothold in Hungary. After World War II, the onset of the Cold War socialist ideology in the Eastern Bloc left little room for alternative ecological frameworks, especially when linked to radical right-wing ideologies. The story of Environmental Turanism contributes to the better understanding of how political, social, and economic crises may contribute to the rise of environmental counter-narratives, which is a pressing issue in several contemporary societies globally.

本研究考察了环境图兰主义的兴起和衰落，作为对西方环境现代化模式在两次世界大战之间匈牙利的反叙事。环境图尔主义出现在特里亚农条约（1920）之后，该条约留下了深刻的社会和政治伤疤，并提供了植根于欧亚文化亲和力和潘诺尼亚盆地草原生态的另一种愿景。它挑战了大规模景观工程的主流模式，例如河流治理和土地复垦，尽管它们有发展的希望，但往往导致生态退化，包括土壤干燥和易受干旱影响。通过融合浪漫民族主义、传统生态知识和整体景观科学，环境图兰主义明确了一个共生框架，抵制了西方话语中占主导地位的人与自然的二元论。然而，环境图兰主义从未在匈牙利建立起牢固的制度立足点。第二次世界大战后，冷战时期的社会主义意识形态在东方集团的兴起，给其他生态框架留下了很少的空间，尤其是在与激进的右翼意识形态联系在一起的时候。环境图兰主义的故事有助于更好地理解政治，社会和经济危机如何导致环境反叙事的兴起，这是全球几个当代社会的紧迫问题。

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引用次数: 0

To archive it like it is: Alice Walker's autobiography project and the preservation of Black women's history in the Mississippi freedom movement, 1968–1970 把它归档：爱丽丝·沃克的自传项目和对1968-1970年密西西比自由运动中黑人妇女历史的保存

IF 1.1 2区历史学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY

Journal of Historical Geography

Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2025.08.001

Teona Williams

This article examines Alice Walker's 1968 Negro History workshop as a foundational act of Black historical geography. Through her pedagogical project in the Mississippi Delta, Walker empowered rural Black women to produce autobiographies that challenged colonial archival practices and Jim Crow educational inequalities. These life narratives—grounded in oral history, intergenerational memory, and spatial experience—offered a counter-archive to dominant historical geographies, documenting Black women's lives not only as personal testimony but as situated spatial knowledge. Framing the autobiography as a method of Black feminist geography, the paper argues that Walker's workshop constituted a radical archival intervention: it preserved and elevated the everyday geographies of Black resistance, labor, displacement, and care. By reading these autobiographies as spatial histories, the article shows how Black women narrated place from the vantage of cotton fields, floodplains, kitchens, and church pews—producing insurgent mappings of the Delta and reimagining the archive as a terrain of Black survival and self-fashioning. Ultimately, the paper contributes to historical geography by theorizing ‘Black historical geographies’ as a reparative, place-based methodology rooted in care and refusal. Walker's classroom archive offers a critical model for scholars seeking to center Black women's voices and build alternative geographies of memory, pedagogy, and resistance.

这篇文章考察了爱丽丝·沃克1968年的黑人历史研讨会作为黑人历史地理学的基础行为。通过她在密西西比三角洲的教学项目，沃克授权农村黑人妇女撰写自传，挑战殖民时期的档案惯例和吉姆·克劳的教育不平等。这些以口述历史、代际记忆和空间经验为基础的生活叙述，为主流历史地理提供了一个反档案，记录了黑人妇女的生活，不仅是个人见证，而且是空间知识。将自传作为黑人女权主义地理学的一种方法，论文认为沃克的工作坊构成了一种激进的档案干预：它保存并提升了黑人抵抗、劳动、流离失所和关怀的日常地理。通过将这些自传作为空间历史来阅读，这篇文章展示了黑人女性如何从棉田、洪泛平原、厨房和教堂座位的优势来叙述地方——制作了三角洲地区的叛乱地图，并将档案重新想象为黑人生存和自我塑造的地形。最后，该论文通过将“黑人历史地理学”理论化，作为一种根植于关怀和拒绝的修复性、基于地点的方法论，为历史地理学做出了贡献。沃克的课堂档案为那些寻求以黑人女性的声音为中心，建立记忆、教育学和抵抗的另类地理的学者提供了一个重要的模型。

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引用次数: 0

The great leap outwards: Intoxicant consumption, space and the expansion of ‘urbanity’ in eighteenth-century Hamburg 向外的巨大飞跃：18世纪汉堡令人陶醉的消费、空间和“城市化”的扩张

IF 1.1 2区历史学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY

Journal of Historical Geography

Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2025.08.010

Gabrielle Robilliard-Witt

This paper explores a shift in the relationship between urbanity and rurality in mid-eighteenth-century northern Europe. It uses the lens of intoxicants to examine the intersection of human everyday movement, consumption, leisure and sociability, and the physical natural and built environment as both a physical space (infrastructure) and as an imaginary in the city of Hamburg. Using spatial mobility analysis and microhistory as methods, it maps the itinerary of movement together with social constellations and intoxicants consumed as recorded in the memoirs of Johann Christian Müller for a three-month-period in 1744. It contends that by examining individual mobility (itineraries), it is possible to detect the expansion of urbanity into appropriated rural spaces as well as bucolic imaginaries. This shift in the conceptual and practical repertoire of urban life led, in turn, to a refashioning and redeployment of urban spaces, now fixated on gazing outwards and the visual and visceral experience of nature. It argues that the psychoactive revolution and new forms of leisure sociability situated in idealized rural idylls thus had a profound effect on how space was used, constructed and represented in the eighteenth century.

本文探讨了18世纪中期北欧城市与乡村关系的转变。它用醉人的镜头来审视人类日常活动、消费、休闲和社交的交叉点，以及作为汉堡城市物理空间（基础设施）和想象的物理自然和建筑环境。利用空间流动性分析和微观历史作为方法，它绘制了运动路线，以及社会星座和1744年约翰·克里斯蒂安·迈勒回忆录中记录的三个月期间的消费。它认为，通过考察个人的流动性（行程），有可能发现城市化向适当的农村空间和田园想象的扩张。这种城市生活概念和实践的转变反过来又导致了城市空间的重塑和重新部署，现在专注于向外凝视，以及对自然的视觉和内心体验。它认为，在理想化的乡村田园诗中，精神活动革命和新的休闲社交形式对18世纪空间的使用、构建和表现方式产生了深远的影响。

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引用次数: 0

A different genealogy for twentieth-century ecological thought: Max Sorre's human ecology 20世纪生态思想的另一种谱系：马克斯·索尔的人类生态学

IF 1.1 2区历史学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY

Journal of Historical Geography

Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2025.08.004

Dylan Simon

The French geographer Max Sorre (1880–1962) developed a brand of human ecology from the 1920s onwards. Discernibly distinct from the human ecology developed by sociologists in Chicago, Sorre's human ecology deepens humankind's relations to the physical and living environment (including through medical geography). This cognitive horizon manifested itself in extensive and distinctive research on life, disease, climate and diets. Through such an ecological understanding of humankind, the aim was to return to a geographical question: understanding the durable conditions for the habitability of the globe, and explaining the inhabited earth. In addition to analysing these issues, this text also seeks to delimit the various procedures by which Sorre and the biological and medical sciences reciprocally imported one another's ideas. Indeed, Sorre showed himself to be particularly open to other disciplines, corresponding with climatologists, zoologists and physicians. In return, the latter also adopted certain proposals formulated by the geographer, notably his concept of the ‘pathogenic complex’. Finally, the text will try to objectify the constituent conceptions of this ecological knowledge, considering it as the rendering of material relations to the environment, but also as the result of certain scholarly representations.

法国地理学家马克斯·索尔（1880-1962）从20世纪20年代开始发展了人类生态学。与芝加哥社会学家发展的人类生态学截然不同，Sorre的人类生态学加深了人类与自然和生活环境的关系（包括通过医学地理学）。这种认知视界体现在对生命、疾病、气候和饮食的广泛而独特的研究中。通过这种对人类生态的理解，目的是回到一个地理问题：理解地球可居住的持久条件，并解释有人居住的地球。除了分析这些问题外，本文还试图界定Sorre与生物和医学科学相互输入彼此思想的各种程序。事实上，索尔表现出对其他学科特别开放的态度，与气候学家、动物学家和医生交流。作为回报，后者也采纳了地理学家提出的某些建议，特别是他的“致病复合体”概念。最后，本文将尝试客观化这种生态知识的构成概念，将其视为对环境的物质关系的呈现，同时也是某些学术表征的结果。

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Science in a crisis: Assembling volcanic knowledge in twentieth century Montserrat 危机中的科学：20世纪蒙特塞拉特火山知识的整合

IF 1.1 2区历史学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY

Journal of Historical Geography

Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2025.08.002

Martin Mahony , Jenni Barclay , Karen Pascal , David M. Pyle , Jazmin Scarlett

In the 1930s Montserrat, part of the British Leeward Islands colony, experienced a prolonged period of seismic unrest which many on the island interpreted as presaging a volcanic eruption. During the crisis several international scientists visited Montserrat and advised the local and imperial authorities on the likelihood of an eruption, and the island became a key node in an increasingly global volcanology. The process of assembling reliable knowledge about the volcanic system and its likely future behaviour was nonetheless heavily structured by colonial hierarchies and contestations over the reliability of different observers and the utility of long term monitoring. When the volcano eventually began erupting in 1995 it put paid to lingering governmental doubts over its very existence. We propose that work on the geographies of science has so far paid insufficient attention to the spatialities of crisis science, and that doing so can shed new light on both the history and persistence of colonial practices in the environmental sciences and in disaster management. Adopting longer perspectives on the politics of crisis science can yield new insights into the geographies and political geologies of a crisis-ridden present.

20世纪30年代，英国背风群岛殖民地的一部分蒙特塞拉特岛经历了长时间的地震动荡，岛上的许多人认为这预示着火山爆发。在危机期间，几位国际科学家访问了蒙特塞拉特，并就火山爆发的可能性向当地和帝国当局提出建议，该岛成为日益全球化的火山学的一个关键节点。然而，收集有关火山系统及其可能的未来行为的可靠知识的过程，在很大程度上受到殖民地等级制度的影响，以及对不同观察员的可靠性和长期监测效用的争论。当这座火山最终在1995年开始喷发时，它打消了政府对其存在的疑虑。我们认为，迄今为止，关于科学地理学的工作对危机科学的空间性关注不够，这样做可以为环境科学和灾害管理中的殖民实践的历史和持久性提供新的线索。对危机科学的政治采取更长远的观点，可以对当前危机缠身的地理和政治地质学产生新的见解。

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