Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15295036.2023.2204169
A. Hyzen
ABSTRACT Motivated by the conundrum “when does the law make it illegal to reveal illegal activity?”, this article explores the relationship between legal structures and the free flow of information by adding a Legal Filter to the Propaganda Model. The Legal Filter represents how elite powers use legal constructions to block information from mainstream media through three layers: Undisclosed Information, Lawfare, and Legal Standing. The addition of a Legal Filter compliments and strengthens current discussions about informational and surveillance capitalism, mis/dis/malinformation proliferation and understanding the growing number of internet information leaks and “hack and dumps.” (Herman, E. S., & Chomsky, N. 1988. Manufacturing consent: The political economy of the mass media. Pantheon).
{"title":"Leaks and lawfare: adding a Legal Filter to Herman and Chomsky’s propaganda model","authors":"A. Hyzen","doi":"10.1080/15295036.2023.2204169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2023.2204169","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Motivated by the conundrum “when does the law make it illegal to reveal illegal activity?”, this article explores the relationship between legal structures and the free flow of information by adding a Legal Filter to the Propaganda Model. The Legal Filter represents how elite powers use legal constructions to block information from mainstream media through three layers: Undisclosed Information, Lawfare, and Legal Standing. The addition of a Legal Filter compliments and strengthens current discussions about informational and surveillance capitalism, mis/dis/malinformation proliferation and understanding the growing number of internet information leaks and “hack and dumps.” (Herman, E. S., & Chomsky, N. 1988. Manufacturing consent: The political economy of the mass media. Pantheon).","PeriodicalId":47123,"journal":{"name":"Critical Studies in Media Communication","volume":"56 1","pages":"55 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83912618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-16DOI: 10.1080/15295036.2022.2143838
C. White, James N. Gilmore
ABSTRACT The Google Nest home security system offers an array of cameras, sensors, and Internet-connected devices to allow homeowners to monitor and record the exterior and interior of their home and automate various functions of heating and cooling, lights, and other appliances through smartphone application control panels. This article analyzes how Google has worked to construct an imaginary around Nest through advertising and company blog posts from 2015 to 2021. Extending the extractive economies of Google’s search engine and other products to understand Nest cameras, we analyze how Google has positioned Nest as a device for both control and convenience within the home. Control suggests to homeowners that this system gives them greater capacity to secure their home, but only if they are willing to constantly engage the Nest system and allow Google to extract data from the home automatically. Convenience suggests that Nest allows easy, automated, and passive recording to capture things that happen within the home throughout the day. Through this analysis, we demonstrate how imaginaries around emergent smart home technologies purposefully mask the ways they give companies like Google the ability to extract data from the home.
Google Nest家庭安全系统提供一系列摄像头、传感器和互联网连接设备，允许房主监控和记录房屋的外部和内部，并通过智能手机应用程序控制面板自动控制各种加热和冷却、照明和其他电器的功能。本文分析了从2015年到2021年，谷歌是如何通过广告和公司博客文章围绕Nest构建一个虚构的世界的。通过扩展谷歌搜索引擎和其他产品的采掘经济来理解Nest摄像头，我们分析了谷歌如何将Nest定位为一种既能控制又能方便家庭的设备。Control向房主暗示，这个系统可以让他们更有能力保护自己的家，但前提是他们愿意不断使用Nest系统，并允许谷歌自动从家里提取数据。方便意味着Nest可以简单、自动、被动地记录一天中发生在家里的事情。通过这一分析，我们展示了围绕新兴智能家居技术的想象是如何有目的地掩盖了它们让谷歌等公司能够从家中提取数据的方式。
{"title":"Imagining the thoughtful home: Google Nest and logics of domestic recording","authors":"C. White, James N. Gilmore","doi":"10.1080/15295036.2022.2143838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2022.2143838","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Google Nest home security system offers an array of cameras, sensors, and Internet-connected devices to allow homeowners to monitor and record the exterior and interior of their home and automate various functions of heating and cooling, lights, and other appliances through smartphone application control panels. This article analyzes how Google has worked to construct an imaginary around Nest through advertising and company blog posts from 2015 to 2021. Extending the extractive economies of Google’s search engine and other products to understand Nest cameras, we analyze how Google has positioned Nest as a device for both control and convenience within the home. Control suggests to homeowners that this system gives them greater capacity to secure their home, but only if they are willing to constantly engage the Nest system and allow Google to extract data from the home automatically. Convenience suggests that Nest allows easy, automated, and passive recording to capture things that happen within the home throughout the day. Through this analysis, we demonstrate how imaginaries around emergent smart home technologies purposefully mask the ways they give companies like Google the ability to extract data from the home.","PeriodicalId":47123,"journal":{"name":"Critical Studies in Media Communication","volume":"14 1","pages":"6 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82692878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-20DOI: 10.1080/15295036.2022.2079159
Yasamin Rezai
{"title":"Performing #MeToo: How not to look away","authors":"Yasamin Rezai","doi":"10.1080/15295036.2022.2079159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2022.2079159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47123,"journal":{"name":"Critical Studies in Media Communication","volume":"190 1","pages":"496 - 499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77785076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-21DOI: 10.1080/15295036.2022.2121412
E. Figueroa
ABSTRACT Mainstream press coverage of public disaster events produce mythological narratives of heroism, sacrifice and authority. Press coverage of Hurricane Harvey in the late summer of 2017 proved to be an important historical moment in disaster coverage. A visual textual analysis of 106 front page photos of newspapers from August 28, 2017, to September 4, 2017 was conducted. The results show that news media represented people of color as displaced migrants and women as damsels in distress, while white men were represented as saviors and caretakers who brought order back to the chaos surrounding the storm’s social impact in the Houston community.
{"title":"Casting heroes and victims of disaster events: representations of race and gender in Hurricane Harvey front page news images","authors":"E. Figueroa","doi":"10.1080/15295036.2022.2121412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2022.2121412","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mainstream press coverage of public disaster events produce mythological narratives of heroism, sacrifice and authority. Press coverage of Hurricane Harvey in the late summer of 2017 proved to be an important historical moment in disaster coverage. A visual textual analysis of 106 front page photos of newspapers from August 28, 2017, to September 4, 2017 was conducted. The results show that news media represented people of color as displaced migrants and women as damsels in distress, while white men were represented as saviors and caretakers who brought order back to the chaos surrounding the storm’s social impact in the Houston community.","PeriodicalId":47123,"journal":{"name":"Critical Studies in Media Communication","volume":"59 1","pages":"455 - 471"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74273054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-19DOI: 10.1080/15295036.2022.2121413
Ashley Cordes, Christopher A. Chávez
ABSTRACT Although music by Inuit peoples is systematically relegated to the margins, recent artists from Nunavut have garnered limited commercial attention. Using a case study approach with critical political economy theoretical grounding, we focus on Hitmakerz, an independent record label based in the Arctic region of Nunavut. We analyze the ways independent music producers negotiate the commercial music system, specifically the symbolic and economic tensions, to promote Indigenous languages and counterhegemonic discourse. We argue that Hitmakerz has successfully negotiated local needs while pursuing global ambitions, strategically blending Inuktitut, colonial languages, pop, electronic, and rap for subversive purposes, and critiquing colonialism in digital forms produced in local environments and exported globally. Under limited conditions, Indigenous artists can exploit the marketplace to their advantage, as demonstrated by Hitmakerz.
{"title":"Indigenous Hitmakerz in the Arctic: negotiating local needs with global ambitions within commercial music industries","authors":"Ashley Cordes, Christopher A. Chávez","doi":"10.1080/15295036.2022.2121413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2022.2121413","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Although music by Inuit peoples is systematically relegated to the margins, recent artists from Nunavut have garnered limited commercial attention. Using a case study approach with critical political economy theoretical grounding, we focus on Hitmakerz, an independent record label based in the Arctic region of Nunavut. We analyze the ways independent music producers negotiate the commercial music system, specifically the symbolic and economic tensions, to promote Indigenous languages and counterhegemonic discourse. We argue that Hitmakerz has successfully negotiated local needs while pursuing global ambitions, strategically blending Inuktitut, colonial languages, pop, electronic, and rap for subversive purposes, and critiquing colonialism in digital forms produced in local environments and exported globally. Under limited conditions, Indigenous artists can exploit the marketplace to their advantage, as demonstrated by Hitmakerz.","PeriodicalId":47123,"journal":{"name":"Critical Studies in Media Communication","volume":"9 1","pages":"472 - 487"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89497534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-16DOI: 10.1080/15295036.2022.2121411
Christian Widholm
ABSTRACT This study explores the meaning-making of amateur videos on YouTube pertaining to the Swedish Cold War heritage and it contributes with a discussion on how videographic conventions and social media platform logics intervene in the ongoing informal heritagization of the Cold War era. The heritagization process of the Cold War remains in Sweden during the 1990s and the beginning of the new millennium coincided with the advent of the online society. The process seemed to resonate of the democratic ideals from the discourse of Heritage from below. Now it seemed like anyone had the possibility to become a heritage producer. However, heritagization from below came with unintended implications. The analysis of YouTube videos in this study suggests that the vernacular Cold War heritage is colored by an easily digested format containing of moving still pictures, mood-inducing soundtracks, luring camera perspectives, rhythmic editing, and genre loans from video games and horror films, which tend to safeguard the naturalness of filmed sites and an entire era.
{"title":"Swedish Cold War history on YouTube – committed amateurs and heritagization from below","authors":"Christian Widholm","doi":"10.1080/15295036.2022.2121411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2022.2121411","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study explores the meaning-making of amateur videos on YouTube pertaining to the Swedish Cold War heritage and it contributes with a discussion on how videographic conventions and social media platform logics intervene in the ongoing informal heritagization of the Cold War era. The heritagization process of the Cold War remains in Sweden during the 1990s and the beginning of the new millennium coincided with the advent of the online society. The process seemed to resonate of the democratic ideals from the discourse of Heritage from below. Now it seemed like anyone had the possibility to become a heritage producer. However, heritagization from below came with unintended implications. The analysis of YouTube videos in this study suggests that the vernacular Cold War heritage is colored by an easily digested format containing of moving still pictures, mood-inducing soundtracks, luring camera perspectives, rhythmic editing, and genre loans from video games and horror films, which tend to safeguard the naturalness of filmed sites and an entire era.","PeriodicalId":47123,"journal":{"name":"Critical Studies in Media Communication","volume":"690 1","pages":"441 - 454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74744754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-21DOI: 10.1080/15295036.2022.2099562
Corinne Weinstein
ABSTRACT The Supreme Court’s decision to overturn Roe v. Wade has led many states to ban or severely limit abortion access, leaving women seeking reproductive healthcare more vulnerable than they have been in decades, especially marginalized women. Legal restrictions, alongside socioeconomic barriers and cultural stigmas around abortion, are reinforced by media representations that depict abortion as dramatic and solemn, and women who obtain abortions in negative terms. Since 2015, depictions of abortion on television have increased significantly, including on comedic television, which had rarely addressed the topic in years prior. The following article explores how 11 recent comedy television programs have chosen to tell stories about a major character obtaining an abortion and considers what these stories may have to offer in applying comedy to a social issue that has typically been treated with solemnity by the media.
{"title":"A not so special episode: laughing at abortion on television","authors":"Corinne Weinstein","doi":"10.1080/15295036.2022.2099562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2022.2099562","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Supreme Court’s decision to overturn Roe v. Wade has led many states to ban or severely limit abortion access, leaving women seeking reproductive healthcare more vulnerable than they have been in decades, especially marginalized women. Legal restrictions, alongside socioeconomic barriers and cultural stigmas around abortion, are reinforced by media representations that depict abortion as dramatic and solemn, and women who obtain abortions in negative terms. Since 2015, depictions of abortion on television have increased significantly, including on comedic television, which had rarely addressed the topic in years prior. The following article explores how 11 recent comedy television programs have chosen to tell stories about a major character obtaining an abortion and considers what these stories may have to offer in applying comedy to a social issue that has typically been treated with solemnity by the media.","PeriodicalId":47123,"journal":{"name":"Critical Studies in Media Communication","volume":"46 1","pages":"427 - 440"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86760981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.1080/15295036.2022.2091153
Göran Eriksson
ABSTRACT Taking off from the theory of social semiotics and using the methods of multimodal critical discourse analysis, this paper demonstrates how the communicative affordances of a Swedish reality makeover show, The Great Health Journey, are used to promote discourses normalizing extreme fitness ideals. It is a show that reduces health to body fitness and supports a particular health consciousness gaining prominence today, an ideology here depicted as fitnessism. Progressing the ideas put forward by Crawford with the notion of healthism, fitnessism accentuates the careful submission to strict fitness-related regimes as crucial for a healthy lifestyle. It turns the very fit body into a sign of good morals, indicating the values of self-discipline, self-control, and willpower, personal characteristics seen as crucial in the neoliberal era. But the healthiness of this fitness ideal can be questioned. Rather than serving the interest of public health, fitnessism seems to mainly encourage “aesthetic labour” and support commercial interests to exploit body dissatisfaction.
{"title":"Promoting extreme fitness regimes through the communicative affordances of reality makeover television: a multimodal critical discourse analysis","authors":"Göran Eriksson","doi":"10.1080/15295036.2022.2091153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2022.2091153","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Taking off from the theory of social semiotics and using the methods of multimodal critical discourse analysis, this paper demonstrates how the communicative affordances of a Swedish reality makeover show, The Great Health Journey, are used to promote discourses normalizing extreme fitness ideals. It is a show that reduces health to body fitness and supports a particular health consciousness gaining prominence today, an ideology here depicted as fitnessism. Progressing the ideas put forward by Crawford with the notion of healthism, fitnessism accentuates the careful submission to strict fitness-related regimes as crucial for a healthy lifestyle. It turns the very fit body into a sign of good morals, indicating the values of self-discipline, self-control, and willpower, personal characteristics seen as crucial in the neoliberal era. But the healthiness of this fitness ideal can be questioned. Rather than serving the interest of public health, fitnessism seems to mainly encourage “aesthetic labour” and support commercial interests to exploit body dissatisfaction.","PeriodicalId":47123,"journal":{"name":"Critical Studies in Media Communication","volume":"31 1","pages":"408 - 426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72959331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.1080/15295036.2022.2090736
Hans Teerds
{"title":"Life after privacy. Reclaiming democracy in a surveillance society","authors":"Hans Teerds","doi":"10.1080/15295036.2022.2090736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2022.2090736","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47123,"journal":{"name":"Critical Studies in Media Communication","volume":"176 1","pages":"499 - 502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77479340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-25DOI: 10.1080/15295036.2022.2086991
Myles W. Mason
ABSTRACT To facilitate deeper investigations into the U.S.’s centralized emergency number, 911, this article attends to the first decade of the service’s implementation in the mid-twentieth century. Ostensibly, 911 was created to hasten responses by public services for health and safety. Yet, federal backing for 911 first occurred in 1967 in a report admonishing the recent “race riots,” articulating predominantly Black communities as a threat to white society and articulating white individuals as essential extensions of the police. Notably, 911’s media infrastructure is replete with affective anti-Black discourses that produced an atmosphere of anti-Black, pro-police dispositions that uniquely capacitated white citizens to discipline the Black body. This history opens deeper inquiry into 911 and offers context for contemporary 911 controversies.
{"title":"Establishing 911: media infrastructures of affective anti-Black, pro-police dispositions","authors":"Myles W. Mason","doi":"10.1080/15295036.2022.2086991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2022.2086991","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To facilitate deeper investigations into the U.S.’s centralized emergency number, 911, this article attends to the first decade of the service’s implementation in the mid-twentieth century. Ostensibly, 911 was created to hasten responses by public services for health and safety. Yet, federal backing for 911 first occurred in 1967 in a report admonishing the recent “race riots,” articulating predominantly Black communities as a threat to white society and articulating white individuals as essential extensions of the police. Notably, 911’s media infrastructure is replete with affective anti-Black discourses that produced an atmosphere of anti-Black, pro-police dispositions that uniquely capacitated white citizens to discipline the Black body. This history opens deeper inquiry into 911 and offers context for contemporary 911 controversies.","PeriodicalId":47123,"journal":{"name":"Critical Studies in Media Communication","volume":"46 1","pages":"394 - 407"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90552603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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