Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.1177/10664807231198093
Teri A. Sartor, Sarah Lange, Jörg-Tobias Kuhn, H. Tröster
Parents to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience increased levels of stress compared to other parents. However, it has been difficult to clarify how this parental stress affects the quality of parent partnership, and how stress and partnership quality predict each other longitudinally. Stress and perceived partnership quality of 160 parents to children with ASD who started therapy in an autism therapy center were surveyed at three measurement points. To find out about within-person effects, a random intercept cross-lagged panel model was used. The results showed that a decrease in stress level over the course of therapy led to a decrease in partnership quality. The theory of the parenting alliance can be used to explain these results: coping with demands in parenthood during stressful times seems to tie parents together and strengthen their relationship. Implications for therapeutic practice, such as the use of marriage and family counselors to support the parents’ partnership during their child's autism therapy are presented.
{"title":"Stress and Perceived Partnership Quality of Parents to Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Approach","authors":"Teri A. Sartor, Sarah Lange, Jörg-Tobias Kuhn, H. Tröster","doi":"10.1177/10664807231198093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10664807231198093","url":null,"abstract":"Parents to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience increased levels of stress compared to other parents. However, it has been difficult to clarify how this parental stress affects the quality of parent partnership, and how stress and partnership quality predict each other longitudinally. Stress and perceived partnership quality of 160 parents to children with ASD who started therapy in an autism therapy center were surveyed at three measurement points. To find out about within-person effects, a random intercept cross-lagged panel model was used. The results showed that a decrease in stress level over the course of therapy led to a decrease in partnership quality. The theory of the parenting alliance can be used to explain these results: coping with demands in parenthood during stressful times seems to tie parents together and strengthen their relationship. Implications for therapeutic practice, such as the use of marriage and family counselors to support the parents’ partnership during their child's autism therapy are presented.","PeriodicalId":47151,"journal":{"name":"Family Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43944035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.1177/10664807231193437
Elisabeth Ioannides
Due to its nature, art psychotherapy can offer adopted children the capacity and opportunity to face problems that might occur at a young age. This paper examines what adoption means to children and how it impacts their mental, social, and emotional well-being. It goes on to provide an insight into how art psychotherapy can address emotional conflict, foster coping mechanisms, reduce anxiety, improve problems solving skills, and integrate traumatic experiences in ways that are not feasible through verbal therapy. A series of guidelines and activities are proposed in order to stimulate the creative therapeutic process. The conclusion is that art psychotherapy, together with the safety of a stable home and caring family, can allow adopted children to face past problems and live a more balanced life.
{"title":"In Search of a Meaningful Story Art Psychotherapy and Adopted Children","authors":"Elisabeth Ioannides","doi":"10.1177/10664807231193437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10664807231193437","url":null,"abstract":"Due to its nature, art psychotherapy can offer adopted children the capacity and opportunity to face problems that might occur at a young age. This paper examines what adoption means to children and how it impacts their mental, social, and emotional well-being. It goes on to provide an insight into how art psychotherapy can address emotional conflict, foster coping mechanisms, reduce anxiety, improve problems solving skills, and integrate traumatic experiences in ways that are not feasible through verbal therapy. A series of guidelines and activities are proposed in order to stimulate the creative therapeutic process. The conclusion is that art psychotherapy, together with the safety of a stable home and caring family, can allow adopted children to face past problems and live a more balanced life.","PeriodicalId":47151,"journal":{"name":"Family Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43081465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-10DOI: 10.1177/10664807231193438
Keisuke Okubo
The present study aimed to examine the associations between adolescent attachment styles, parental caregiving styles, and self-improvement in early adolescence. We analyzed data from 385 Japanese mother–adolescent dyads and 201 father–adolescent dyads (mothers’ mean age is 46.48, fathers’ mean age is 48.58, and adolescents’ age ranged from 13 to 15). The results showed that attachment avoidance was negatively associated with adolescent self-improvement in all domains. The negative associations between attachment avoidance for mother and self-improvement in some domains are stronger in mother–daughter dyads than mother–son dyads. Regarding self-improvement in the domain of health, attachment anxiety and caregiving hyperactivation showed an interaction effect in father–adolescent dyads. The findings underscore the differential roles that mother– and father–child relationships play in adolescent development. The results also proposed the importance of examining the interaction between adolescent attachment styles and parental caregiving styles.
{"title":"Parental Caregiving and Adolescent Attachment as Determinants of Adolescent Self-Improvement: Differences Between Mother– and Father–Child Dyads in Japan","authors":"Keisuke Okubo","doi":"10.1177/10664807231193438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10664807231193438","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to examine the associations between adolescent attachment styles, parental caregiving styles, and self-improvement in early adolescence. We analyzed data from 385 Japanese mother–adolescent dyads and 201 father–adolescent dyads (mothers’ mean age is 46.48, fathers’ mean age is 48.58, and adolescents’ age ranged from 13 to 15). The results showed that attachment avoidance was negatively associated with adolescent self-improvement in all domains. The negative associations between attachment avoidance for mother and self-improvement in some domains are stronger in mother–daughter dyads than mother–son dyads. Regarding self-improvement in the domain of health, attachment anxiety and caregiving hyperactivation showed an interaction effect in father–adolescent dyads. The findings underscore the differential roles that mother– and father–child relationships play in adolescent development. The results also proposed the importance of examining the interaction between adolescent attachment styles and parental caregiving styles.","PeriodicalId":47151,"journal":{"name":"Family Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42935891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1177/10664807231189574
Lisa Pearson, L. Bradley, S. Southern
Grounded theory analysis of data obtained in 10 interviews with Roman Catholic Christian professional counselors identified six themes. Three themes were common to all interviews: the value and beauty of faith; autonomy and obedience; and healing, renewal, and the call. Three other themes, appearing in topics of both religion and counseling within individual interviews, were the integrated whole, relational concerns, and the meshing of theories. Results established that participants’ faith and religious practices influenced their counseling careers and clinical choices, and vice versa. Pragmatic philosophy, foundational to grounded theory, parallels existential/humanistic thought in insisting on the importance of the human agent, such as the counselor, in meaning and decision making. It thus provides a critical framework for considering the significance of the findings for the counseling profession.
{"title":"Speaking Pragmatically: Religious Discourse and Counseling Discourse in the Lives and Work of Counselors","authors":"Lisa Pearson, L. Bradley, S. Southern","doi":"10.1177/10664807231189574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10664807231189574","url":null,"abstract":"Grounded theory analysis of data obtained in 10 interviews with Roman Catholic Christian professional counselors identified six themes. Three themes were common to all interviews: the value and beauty of faith; autonomy and obedience; and healing, renewal, and the call. Three other themes, appearing in topics of both religion and counseling within individual interviews, were the integrated whole, relational concerns, and the meshing of theories. Results established that participants’ faith and religious practices influenced their counseling careers and clinical choices, and vice versa. Pragmatic philosophy, foundational to grounded theory, parallels existential/humanistic thought in insisting on the importance of the human agent, such as the counselor, in meaning and decision making. It thus provides a critical framework for considering the significance of the findings for the counseling profession.","PeriodicalId":47151,"journal":{"name":"Family Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"545 - 554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44370736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-21DOI: 10.1177/10664807231173694
Yi-Hsin Hung, Alex C. Theobald, Hou I. Lau, Kristy L. Soloski, Stephen T. Fife, Nathan D. Wood
This study examined the role of ethical responsiveness on relationship satisfaction from a partner's perspective after experiencing a distressing life event (DLE). We used data from the Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics (pairfam), which is a multidisciplinary, longitudinal study in Germany. Our study used anchor data, the original respondents who were randomly selected and gave permission to interview their partners. This study included two waves of anchor responses, which were 2016 and 2018, respectively. We utilized longitudinal structural equation modeling to evaluate whether the partner's ethical responsiveness buffers the negative impact of DLEs on relationship satisfaction per anchor's perspective. The results of our study indicated that partner's ethical responsiveness can buffer the negative impact of DLEs on anchor's perception of relationship satisfaction. Additionally, according to the perception of the anchors, we found that the partners who showed high levels of ethical responsiveness not only maintained their relationship satisfaction but even improved upon it 2 years beyond the DLE. Conversely, relationship satisfaction decreased over time for anchors who reported their partner with an average or lower level of ethical responsiveness. Clinical implications and limitations are also discussed.
{"title":"The Influence of Ethical Responsiveness on Relationships Through Distress","authors":"Yi-Hsin Hung, Alex C. Theobald, Hou I. Lau, Kristy L. Soloski, Stephen T. Fife, Nathan D. Wood","doi":"10.1177/10664807231173694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10664807231173694","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the role of ethical responsiveness on relationship satisfaction from a partner's perspective after experiencing a distressing life event (DLE). We used data from the Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics (pairfam), which is a multidisciplinary, longitudinal study in Germany. Our study used anchor data, the original respondents who were randomly selected and gave permission to interview their partners. This study included two waves of anchor responses, which were 2016 and 2018, respectively. We utilized longitudinal structural equation modeling to evaluate whether the partner's ethical responsiveness buffers the negative impact of DLEs on relationship satisfaction per anchor's perspective. The results of our study indicated that partner's ethical responsiveness can buffer the negative impact of DLEs on anchor's perception of relationship satisfaction. Additionally, according to the perception of the anchors, we found that the partners who showed high levels of ethical responsiveness not only maintained their relationship satisfaction but even improved upon it 2 years beyond the DLE. Conversely, relationship satisfaction decreased over time for anchors who reported their partner with an average or lower level of ethical responsiveness. Clinical implications and limitations are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":47151,"journal":{"name":"Family Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45877203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-21DOI: 10.1177/10664807231174220
S. Azimi, Z. Javadivala, Mahasti Alizadeh Mizani, S. Pourrazavi, Z. Fathifar, V. Chattu, H. Allahverdipour
Marital sexual intimacy (MSI), as one of the dimensions of intimacy, may decrease during the couple's life which could be a major concern for both families and psychologists. This study aimed to categorize and classify the research articles focused on the impact of interventional programs on MSI improvement. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed on published articles reporting interventions on MSI, which focused on couples or women of reproductive age in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, SID, and Magiran databases till March 2022. Mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Further, the heterogeneity between studies and the quality of evidence was assessed using the I2 statistic and the Cochrane risk of bias tool, respectively. This review collected 43 articles with 2,001 participants. Findings were classified into three categories: Education/Communication skills, Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), and Emotional therapy. The interventions for both couples (MD: 3.31, 95% CI = 2.62 to 4.00, I2 = 95.3%, p = .0001) and women (MD: 3.58, 95% CI = 2.80 to 4.35, I2 = 89.4%, p = .0001) had significant impact on improving sexual intimacy with more effect on women. The CBT had a more significant effect size on couples than women's MSI. All interventions have a large effect on both couples’ and women's MSI. However, because of the high heterogeneity of the findings and inadequacy of the studies in some subgroups, and the existence of uncertainty about MSI's true effect, further well-designed interventions are required to determine the long-term effects of MSI improvement programs.
{"title":"A Glance at the Efficiency of Marital Sexual Intimacy Interventions: The Different Outcomes on Couples and Women","authors":"S. Azimi, Z. Javadivala, Mahasti Alizadeh Mizani, S. Pourrazavi, Z. Fathifar, V. Chattu, H. Allahverdipour","doi":"10.1177/10664807231174220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10664807231174220","url":null,"abstract":"Marital sexual intimacy (MSI), as one of the dimensions of intimacy, may decrease during the couple's life which could be a major concern for both families and psychologists. This study aimed to categorize and classify the research articles focused on the impact of interventional programs on MSI improvement. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed on published articles reporting interventions on MSI, which focused on couples or women of reproductive age in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, SID, and Magiran databases till March 2022. Mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Further, the heterogeneity between studies and the quality of evidence was assessed using the I2 statistic and the Cochrane risk of bias tool, respectively. This review collected 43 articles with 2,001 participants. Findings were classified into three categories: Education/Communication skills, Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), and Emotional therapy. The interventions for both couples (MD: 3.31, 95% CI = 2.62 to 4.00, I2 = 95.3%, p = .0001) and women (MD: 3.58, 95% CI = 2.80 to 4.35, I2 = 89.4%, p = .0001) had significant impact on improving sexual intimacy with more effect on women. The CBT had a more significant effect size on couples than women's MSI. All interventions have a large effect on both couples’ and women's MSI. However, because of the high heterogeneity of the findings and inadequacy of the studies in some subgroups, and the existence of uncertainty about MSI's true effect, further well-designed interventions are required to determine the long-term effects of MSI improvement programs.","PeriodicalId":47151,"journal":{"name":"Family Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43123904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-17DOI: 10.1177/10664807231174218
Hou I. Lau, Ashley Collet, Rachel Nordfelt, Erika M. Hamby, Lauren S. Richardson, Kosisochi Udozorh
Asian Americans (AA) in the United States, and throughout the world, commonly hold a negative connotation or stigma regarding seeking mental health services. Unique cultural stigmas and beliefs of AA play an important role when examining why this population group is less likely to engage in therapy. This article explains why these cultural stigmas and beliefs contribute to the lack of mental health help seeking. Through examining these stigmas, perception of therapy, loss of face, and parental control among AA will allow therapists to have a better understanding when they are working with this population. Also, the consideration is given of how the increase of Anti-Asian racism due to the COVID-19 pandemic affects AA and the challenges it creates. This article includes a case example that provides information on how stigmas impact an AA family who have differing cultural values and expectations while experiencing discrimination from COVID-19.
{"title":"Addressing Anti-Asian Racism and Stigma Towards Therapy: A Clinical Intervention Guideline","authors":"Hou I. Lau, Ashley Collet, Rachel Nordfelt, Erika M. Hamby, Lauren S. Richardson, Kosisochi Udozorh","doi":"10.1177/10664807231174218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10664807231174218","url":null,"abstract":"Asian Americans (AA) in the United States, and throughout the world, commonly hold a negative connotation or stigma regarding seeking mental health services. Unique cultural stigmas and beliefs of AA play an important role when examining why this population group is less likely to engage in therapy. This article explains why these cultural stigmas and beliefs contribute to the lack of mental health help seeking. Through examining these stigmas, perception of therapy, loss of face, and parental control among AA will allow therapists to have a better understanding when they are working with this population. Also, the consideration is given of how the increase of Anti-Asian racism due to the COVID-19 pandemic affects AA and the challenges it creates. This article includes a case example that provides information on how stigmas impact an AA family who have differing cultural values and expectations while experiencing discrimination from COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":47151,"journal":{"name":"Family Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"555 - 561"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48526517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-09DOI: 10.1177/10664807231173689
Christopher D. Schmidt, J. Grigg
Practicing counselors will, at some point, work with clients from high-conflict separations/divorces (HCS/D); however, often they have received very little educational training for these experiences. To effectively treat these clients/client families, all counselors should have a working knowledge of the major processes and critical factors involved in these situations. This manuscript emphasizes the role of the counselor within HCS/D, seeks to give both an overview of and describe the complexities of HCS/D that counselors need to understand, and identifies areas of concern and focus for counselors functioning within distinct modalities.
{"title":"Counseling High Conflict: Navigating the Complexities of High Conflict Divorce","authors":"Christopher D. Schmidt, J. Grigg","doi":"10.1177/10664807231173689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10664807231173689","url":null,"abstract":"Practicing counselors will, at some point, work with clients from high-conflict separations/divorces (HCS/D); however, often they have received very little educational training for these experiences. To effectively treat these clients/client families, all counselors should have a working knowledge of the major processes and critical factors involved in these situations. This manuscript emphasizes the role of the counselor within HCS/D, seeks to give both an overview of and describe the complexities of HCS/D that counselors need to understand, and identifies areas of concern and focus for counselors functioning within distinct modalities.","PeriodicalId":47151,"journal":{"name":"Family Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45365713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-09DOI: 10.1177/10664807231173688
A. Bilgen, Şahin Kapıkıran
Introduction: The effects of being a parent can be observed in a wide range such as couple's relationships and gender role dynamics. The purpose of the present study is to compare the marital role expectations and power-sharing of married individuals who are in the transition to parenthood with those who do not have a child. Method: All participants (n = 265) have been married for less than five years. The participants are divided into two groups: married individuals without children (n = 178) and married individuals in the transition to parenthood (n = 87). Participants with their first child (0–36 months) are included in the transition to parenthood group. MANOVA and ANOVA are used in the analysis. Results: According to the results, parents in the transition to parenthood adopt more traditional roles than married individuals who do not have a child. The equality of power-sharing amongst the married individuals who are in the transition was lower than those who do not have a child. Further, there are no differences in terms of gender and the transition to parenthood status (have/do not have a child) joint effect for both dependent variables. In the transition to parenthood, while marital role expectations do not change in the first years of parenthood, power-sharing in the relationship decreases. Conclusion: The results of the study reveal that the transition to parenthood negatively affects gender roles and power-sharing dynamics of married individuals, -compared to married individuals who do not have a child-.
{"title":"Marital Role Expectations and Power-Sharing between Married Individuals Who Are in the Transition to Parenthood and Who Do Not Have a Child","authors":"A. Bilgen, Şahin Kapıkıran","doi":"10.1177/10664807231173688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10664807231173688","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The effects of being a parent can be observed in a wide range such as couple's relationships and gender role dynamics. The purpose of the present study is to compare the marital role expectations and power-sharing of married individuals who are in the transition to parenthood with those who do not have a child. Method: All participants (n = 265) have been married for less than five years. The participants are divided into two groups: married individuals without children (n = 178) and married individuals in the transition to parenthood (n = 87). Participants with their first child (0–36 months) are included in the transition to parenthood group. MANOVA and ANOVA are used in the analysis. Results: According to the results, parents in the transition to parenthood adopt more traditional roles than married individuals who do not have a child. The equality of power-sharing amongst the married individuals who are in the transition was lower than those who do not have a child. Further, there are no differences in terms of gender and the transition to parenthood status (have/do not have a child) joint effect for both dependent variables. In the transition to parenthood, while marital role expectations do not change in the first years of parenthood, power-sharing in the relationship decreases. Conclusion: The results of the study reveal that the transition to parenthood negatively affects gender roles and power-sharing dynamics of married individuals, -compared to married individuals who do not have a child-.","PeriodicalId":47151,"journal":{"name":"Family Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47301105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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