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50th Anniversary Commemoration at a major public university: benefits of an integrated branding and communications approach to event planning 一所主要公立大学的50周年纪念活动:在活动策划中整合品牌和传播方法的好处
Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/NVSM.424
Kirti Sawhney Celly, Brenda Knepper
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引用次数: 0
Special issue on learning from international case studies 关于从国际案例中学习的特刊
Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/NVSM.420
Kirti Sawhney Celly, J. Hudson
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引用次数: 0
Developing planned giving at the Salvation Army Southern Territory 在救世军南区发展计划捐赠
Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/NVSM.423
A. Sargeant, J. Hudson
The Salvation Army operates internationally and is an evangelical part of the universal church, they provided help to over 30 million individuals in 2008. Their main focus is to build community, provide fellowship, rebuild lives, and provide comfort and support to those in need. They also provide disaster relief, drug and alcohol rehabilitation, and activities for the elderly, among many other social services. The international headquarters, the administration centre, is based in London. The Salvation Army USA, based in Virginia, has a national commander and national chief secretary who work to coordinate the national efforts. There are 4 geographical territories, south, east, west and central and each territory is a separately registered nonprofit entity. The southern territory is further divided into 9 divisions and has historically been very successful at planned giving fundraising. Planned giving success had been attributed to the territories personal approach. However, with the noticeable changes in the attitudes of seniors the planned giving has significantly declined in 2008/2009. Seniors, who had been considered the most suitable donor prospects had developed a sense of fear and distrust of the government and the banking system. They were resisting personal meetings with planned giving staff that had been so successful for the Salvation Army. As a consequence the planned giving strategy had to be adapted.
救世军在全球范围内运作,是普世教会的福音派部分,他们在2008年为超过3000万人提供了帮助。他们的主要焦点是建立社区、提供团契、重建生活,并为有需要的人提供安慰和支持。他们还提供救灾、戒毒和戒酒康复、老年人活动以及许多其他社会服务。国际总部,即行政中心,设在伦敦。总部设在弗吉尼亚州的美国救世军有一名全国指挥官和全国首席秘书,负责协调全国的努力。有4个地理区域,南部、东部、西部和中部,每个区域都是一个单独注册的非营利实体。南部地区进一步分为9个区,历史上在计划捐赠筹款方面非常成功。计划中的捐赠成功归功于领土的个人做法。然而,随着长者态度的明显改变,2008/2009年度的计划捐款明显减少。被认为是最合适的捐助者的老年人对政府和银行系统产生了恐惧和不信任。他们拒绝与计划中的捐赠人员进行个人会面,这在救世军中是如此成功。因此,计划中的捐赠策略必须加以调整。
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引用次数: 2
Creating positive habits in water conservation: the case of the Queensland Water Commission and the Target 140 campaign 培养节约用水的积极习惯:昆士兰水资源委员会和目标140运动的案例
Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/NVSM.421
A. Walton, Margee Hume
This case study reports the activities of the Queensland Water Commission (QWC) in securing the water supply for Brisbane and surrounding South East Queensland (SEQ) in response to the worst drought on record. The case focuses on residential water use and examines a three year period from 2006 to 2009. The focus of the study is the interventions of 2007, which centres on the Target 140 campaign. In 2007, the QWC faced with critically low dam levels identified household consumption as responsible for 70% of water use. The eight month Target 140 campaign targeted household users, aiming to change the water use habits of SEQ residents. The campaign achieved not only immediate reductions in water use but also contributed to long term behavioural and attitudinal change. The aim of the campaign was to reduce water consumption from 180 litre/person/day to a target of 140 litres/person/day by the end of 2007. This was achieved with water consumption dropping to an average of 129 litres/person/day during the campaign and saving over 20 billon litres of water. In 2009, despite the drought broken for over a year and the water consumption target lifted to 200 litres/person/day residents were continuing to consume water, on average, less than 140 litres/person/day. The outcome was a capstone result for the QWC, and the Target 140 campaign went on to achieve international industry recognition. This case study demonstrates how attitudinal change, goal setting and feedback were key components of the change strategy and outlines the tactics used during the campaign. Furthermore, the case study discusses these mechanisms for change in terms of a theoretical understanding.
本案例研究报告了昆士兰州水务委员会(QWC)为应对有史以来最严重的干旱,确保布里斯班和周边东南昆士兰(SEQ)的供水所开展的活动。本案例的重点是住宅用水,并调查了从2006年到2009年的三年时间。这项研究的重点是2007年的干预措施,其中心是目标140运动。2007年,面对极低的大坝水位,QWC确定家庭用水占用水量的70%。为期8个月的“目标140”活动以家庭用户为目标,旨在改变SEQ居民的用水习惯。这项运动不仅立即减少了用水,而且有助于长期改变行为和态度。这项运动的目标是在2007年底前,把用水量由每人每日180公升减至每人每日140公升。活动期间,人均日用水量降至129升,节约用水超过200亿升。2009年,尽管干旱已经持续了一年多,用水量目标也提高到了200升/人/天,但居民的平均用水量仍低于140升/人/天。结果是QWC的一个顶点结果,目标140运动继续获得国际行业认可。本案例研究展示了态度改变、目标设定和反馈是变革战略的关键组成部分,并概述了在活动中使用的策略。此外,案例研究从理论上探讨了这些变化的机制。
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引用次数: 73
The effects of donation button design on aid agency transactional trust 捐赠按钮设计对援助机构交易信任的影响
Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2011-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/NVSM.412
C. Burt, S. Gibbons
The effects of web page donation link (donation button) design on aid agency transactional trust was examined in a survey and in two experiments. Experiment 1 compared three donation button designs, which were developed on the basis of study 1, which was a survey of 559 charity websites, and found no significant effects on rated transactional trust. Experiment 2 attempted to manipulate transactional uncertainty through donation button design by incorporating crisis/need and aid agency response photographs. These button design manipulations significantly increased rated transactional trust. In both experiments, transactional trust ratings were significantly correlated with donation compliance ratings. These results suggest that transactional trust can be enhanced through the considered design of the donation button, and increasing transactional trust in this manner may result in more online donations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
通过问卷调查和两个实验考察了网页捐赠链接(捐赠按钮)设计对援助机构交易信任的影响。实验1比较了研究1对559个慈善网站调查的基础上开发的三种捐赠按钮设计,发现对评级交易信任没有显著影响。实验2试图通过结合危机/需求和援助机构反应照片,通过捐赠按钮设计来操纵交易的不确定性。这些按钮设计操作显著提高了交易信任评级。在两个实验中,交易信任评级与捐赠遵守评级显著相关。这些结果表明,通过捐赠按钮的设计可以增强交易信任,通过这种方式增加交易信任可能会导致更多的在线捐赠。版权所有©2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
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引用次数: 20
Understanding donors: A case of university performing arts programs in the USA 了解捐赠者:以美国大学表演艺术项目为例
Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2011-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/NVSM.411
Y. Ko, H. Gibson, May Kim
The purpose of the study was to: (a) to examine the factors that influence donor behavior, (b) to determine which specific perceived benefits are predictors of donor behavior, and (c) to examine the influence of gender, age, and income level of university performing arts program (PAP) donors. Secondary data from the Value and Impact Study, collected by 14 Major University Presenters (MUPs) was used. Results of data analyses using 1771 donor responses suggest that identification with the PAP, familiarity with planned giving options, and public recognition are important predictors of donor behavior. Donors highly value priority seating, advanced notice of programs, and ability to purchase single tickets in advance of public sale. Additionally, age, gender, economic status, and perceived benefits were found to be important variables for understanding donor behavior. Given these results, implications for future research and practice in relationship marketing are discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
本研究的目的是:(a)检查影响捐赠者行为的因素,(b)确定哪些特定的感知利益是捐赠者行为的预测因素,(c)检查性别、年龄和大学表演艺术项目(PAP)捐赠者的收入水平的影响。从价值和影响研究中收集的次要数据,由14个主要大学演讲者(MUPs)收集。使用1771份捐赠者回复的数据分析结果表明,对PAP的认同、对计划捐赠方案的熟悉程度以及公众的认可是捐赠者行为的重要预测因素。捐助者高度重视优先座位,提前通知节目,并能够提前购买单票公开销售。此外,年龄、性别、经济地位和感知利益被发现是理解捐赠者行为的重要变量。基于这些结果,本文讨论了关系营销对未来研究和实践的影响。版权所有©2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
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引用次数: 7
Volunteering time decisions: a multi‐factor experimental study 志愿者时间决策:一项多因素实验研究
Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2011-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/NVSM.409
Jay P. Carlson, J. Huppertz, R. A. Bowman, J. Lambrinos, M. Strosberg, Natalia A. Kutzer
Non-profit organizations often seek volunteers to help staff a fundraising event. In the present research, an experimental study assessed volunteering time decisions for a fundraising event following manipulations of opportunity cost valence, opportunity cost avoidability and question order involving donating time and donating money. Opportunity costs represent foregone alternatives sacrificed (e.g. working) when engaging in an activity (e.g. volunteering), with valence of the opportunity cost indicating the appeal (positive or negative) of the foregone alternative and avoidability of the opportunity cost suggesting how easy it would be to forgo the alternative. Prospective donors are often asked to consider both volunteering time and contributing money, and these two questions posed to individuals can be varied in terms of order. The results of the experiment revealed that individuals intended to volunteer the most time when an opportunity cost was negative and avoidable. The lowest time donation intentions occurred when an opportunity cost was positive and less avoidable with individuals also being asked about donating money prior to being asked to donate time. The results highlighted the importance to non-profit firms of considering opportunity costs potential volunteers face and suggested care in structuring the order of questions involving time and money posed to those individuals. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
非营利组织经常寻找志愿者来帮助筹款活动。本研究通过实验研究,评估了在机会成本效价、机会成本回避性和捐赠时间和捐款问题顺序的操纵下,志愿者在募捐活动中的志愿时间决策。机会成本是指在从事一项活动(如志愿服务)时牺牲的选择(如工作),机会成本的效价表明放弃选择的吸引力(积极或消极),机会成本的可避免性表明放弃选择的容易程度。潜在的捐赠者经常被要求考虑志愿服务时间和捐款,这两个问题向个人提出的顺序可能不同。实验结果显示,当机会成本为负且可以避免时,个人愿意花最多的时间去做志愿者。当机会成本为正且不可避免时,时间捐赠意愿最低,个人在被要求捐赠时间之前也被问及捐赠金钱。研究结果强调了非营利公司考虑潜在志愿者面临的机会成本的重要性,并建议在向这些人提出涉及时间和金钱的问题时要注意安排顺序。版权所有©2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
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引用次数: 1
The volunteer matrix: positioning of volunteer organizations 志愿者矩阵:志愿者组织的定位
Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2011-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/NVSM.406
Debbie Haski-Leventhal, Lucas Meijs
In the fierce competition that volunteer involving organizations face nowadays over people's willingness to donate their time, marketing strategies should be used. In order to enhance the organization's recruitability (ability to recruit suitable volunteers), it is important for volunteer organizations to understand what the positioning of the organization is and the type of volunteering that is being offered. In the current article we suggest using a marketing tool to increase the ability to recruit volunteers: positioning and perceptual mapping. Our perceptual mapping – the volunteer matrix is based on two dimensions: price (different costs attached to the volunteer experience) and quality (the overall quality of the volunteering experience). Thus, the matrix includes four different positions, and we demonstrate the manners in which different volunteer organizations or roles are positioned in each. Discussed are also the possible implementations of the matrix in order to recruit suitable volunteers and retain them. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
在志愿者组织面临的激烈竞争中,人们愿意贡献自己的时间,营销策略应该被使用。为了提高组织的招聘能力(招募合适志愿者的能力),志愿者组织了解组织的定位和所提供的志愿服务类型是很重要的。在当前的文章中,我们建议使用一种营销工具来提高招募志愿者的能力:定位和感知映射。我们的感知映射——志愿者矩阵基于两个维度:价格(与志愿者体验相关的不同成本)和质量(志愿者体验的整体质量)。因此,矩阵包括四个不同的位置,我们展示了不同的志愿者组织或角色在每个位置的定位方式。还讨论了可能的实施矩阵,以招募合适的志愿者和留住他们。版权所有©2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
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引用次数: 34
Painting a picture of America's nonprofit foundations: a content analysis of public relations photographs distributed through online wire services 描绘美国非营利基金会的图景:通过在线通讯社发布的公共关系照片的内容分析
Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2011-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/NVSM.408
Richard D. Waters, Weijia Wang
Studies have shown that nearly 75% of news coverage in print publications stem from public relations information subsidies, such as news releases, fact sheets, and position papers. Often, organizations send photographs along with these materials in hopes that the media will publish these pictures; thereby, increasing readership of the news story and maximizing the organization's exposure to key audiences. This study examines 339 randomly sampled photographs distributed by American nonprofit foundations through online news wire services from 2006 to 2009. The results indicate that the majority of photographs are staged rather than more intriguing live-action photographs. The implications of these results are further discussed with formal suggestions for improving this element of media relations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
研究表明,印刷出版物中近75%的新闻报道来自公共关系信息补贴,如新闻稿、情况说明书和立场文件。通常,组织会随这些材料发送照片,希望媒体能够发表这些照片;因此,增加新闻故事的读者,并最大限度地提高组织对关键受众的曝光率。本研究调查了2006年至2009年美国非营利基金会通过在线新闻通讯社发布的339张随机抽样照片。结果表明,大多数照片都是摆拍的,而不是更有趣的实景照片。进一步讨论了这些结果的影响,并提出了改善媒体关系这一因素的正式建议。版权所有©2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
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引用次数: 4
Could stereotype rebound affect aid advertising campaigns 刻板印象反弹会影响援助广告活动吗
Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2009-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/NVSM.337
Sharyn Kennedy, S. Hill
The possibility that stereotype rebound may occur for viewers of aid agency appeals was investigated. Stereotype rebound refers to the ironic finding that active efforts to avoid thinking about people in a stereotypical manner can backfire and subsequently lead to increased stereotypical thinking and prejudiced behaviour. In two experiments, participants were instructed to avoid stereotyped thinking about developing world poor and were later asked to respond to a situation involving the same group—in Experiment 1, participants wrote a ‘day in the life’ story about the target group; in Experiment 2, participants seated themselves in preparation for meeting a member of the outgroup. In neither experiment was the typical stereotype rebound effect observed. In Experiment 1, suppressors' stories were found to be no more stereotypical in content than controls. In Experiment 2, suppressors sat closer to the target than controls. The differences between these results and those of experiments utilizing other stereotyped groups are discussed in terms of differences in stereotype content and attitudes to socially sensitive outgroups. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
调查了援助机构呼吁的观众可能出现刻板印象反弹的可能性。刻板印象反弹指的是一项具有讽刺意味的发现,即积极努力避免以刻板印象的方式看待他人可能适得其反,并随后导致刻板印象和偏见行为的增加。在两个实验中,参与者被要求避免对发展中国家的穷人产生刻板印象,然后被要求对涉及同一群体的情况做出反应——在实验1中,参与者写了一个关于目标群体的“生命中的一天”故事;在实验2中,参与者坐下来准备与外组成员见面。在两个实验中都没有观察到典型的刻板印象反弹效应。在实验1中,抑制者的故事在内容上并不比对照组更具刻板印象。在实验2中,抑制因子比对照组更靠近目标。这些结果与利用其他刻板印象群体的实验结果之间的差异,从刻板印象内容和对社会敏感外群体的态度的差异方面进行了讨论。版权所有©2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
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引用次数: 6
期刊
International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing
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