Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition最新文献_第3页

Perceived precipitation intensity prediction model based on simultaneous dynamic and static observations for evaluating weather impacts on vehicle applications 基于动态和静态同时观测的感知降水强度预测模型用于评估天气对车辆应用的影响

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2024.05.003

Wing Yi Pao , Long Li , Eric Villeneuve , Eric Whalls , Martin Agelin-Chaab , Ismail Gultepe , John Komar

Adverse weather conditions increase road risks; thus, weather testing is necessary to evaluate vehicle performance. Outdoor testing is the most realistic, but it is not as controlled, repeatable, and rapid as indoor testing using an artificial precipitation system. However, outdoor data is still desirable for establishing the simulation targets on the vehicle surfaces. The dynamic-to-static precipitation intensity ratio is a useful parameter to correlate natural precipitation with perceived precipitation experienced by the moving vehicle. Theoretically, the amount of precipitation experienced by a translating surface depends on the orientation and travel speed. However, there are other external factors that could affect the perceived intensity, such as wind, turbulence, and droplet size distribution (DSD). Therefore, the existing simplified models evaluating a number of droplet strikes or precipitation flux calculated using natural precipitation density fail to have accurate predictions of the perceived precipitation rate, which hinders the evaluation vehicle application performance, such as sensor perception. In the present work, a semi-empirical prediction model is developed from the physics of precipitation in the context of vehicle aerodynamics and atmospheric dynamics. This model is validated with outdoor testing on a track for three days with rainy conditions. Multiple optical disdrometers are used to evaluate the precipitation rate experienced by a moving vehicle at different surface orientations through meteorological observations obtained in real-time from a nearby stationary meteorological tower and a moving vehicle. The data acquisition and processing methods are presented in detail. Results suggested that the proposed model is found to improve the current simplified mathematical expressions and is repeatable. It is found that improvements in prediction accuracy of perceived precipitation intensity compared to existing methods are usually more than 50%.

恶劣的天气条件增加了道路风险；因此，天气测试是评估车辆性能的必要条件。室外测试是最现实的，但它不像使用人工降水系统的室内测试那样可控、可重复和快速。然而，为了在车辆表面建立仿真目标，仍然需要室外数据。动态与静态降水强度比是将自然降水与移动车辆所经历的感知降水相关联的有用参数。理论上，平动表面所经历的降水量取决于方向和移动速度。然而，还有其他外部因素可能影响感知强度，如风、湍流和液滴大小分布（DSD）。因此，现有的利用自然降水密度计算水滴撞击次数或降水通量的简化模型无法准确预测感知降水率，影响了对传感器感知等车辆应用性能的评价。在本工作中，从车辆空气动力学和大气动力学的角度出发，建立了降水的半经验预测模型。该模型在雨天的轨道上进行了为期三天的室外测试。利用多个光学测差仪，通过附近固定的气象塔和移动的车辆实时获得的气象观测数据，对移动车辆在不同地表方向上经历的降水率进行评估。详细介绍了数据采集和处理方法。结果表明，该模型改进了现有的简化数学表达式，具有可重复性。与现有方法相比，该方法对感知降水强度的预测精度通常提高50%以上。

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引用次数: 0

Inductive charging technology of asphalt pavement: A state-of-the-art review 沥青路面感应充电技术研究进展

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2024.03.008

Peifeng Cheng, Dayu Jiang, Yiming Li

The increasing adoption of new energy vehicles has promoted the alleviation of petroleum fuel consumption and environmental problems. The charging and endurance capability problems of these vehicles are main constraints for their further development. The intelligent e-Road pavements can provide wireless charging, presenting a potential solution to the above deficiencies. This paper systematically introduced the composition and working principle of wireless charging technology to advance its development and application. Moreover, the main influencing factors of electric energy transmission efficiency on e-Road concerning pavement materials were analysed. The findings showed that the electric energy passed through pavement layers when applying the existing wireless charging technologies that typically use air as the medium. As a result, the transmission efficiency fluctuated owing to various influencing factors, including pavement materials, layers and moisture. This phenomenon is attributed to the performance parameters of wireless charging coils and the power loss caused by the electromagnetic induction characteristics of dielectric pavement materials. Potential solutions for improving the power transmission efficiency of wireless charging pavements were proposed, considering the circuit composition, asphalt concrete gradation type, and pavement structural composition. The methods and models used in previous studies were summarised to evaluate the dielectric loss of asphalt mixtures, and the wireless energy transmission efficiency, application scope, and optimisation methods were put forward. The impact of a commonly used wireless charging coil layout on the structure and service life of wireless charging pavements was analysed, and improvement measures were suggested.

新能源汽车的日益普及促进了石油燃料消耗和环境问题的缓解。这些车辆的充电和续航能力问题是制约其进一步发展的主要因素。智能e-Road路面可以提供无线充电，为上述不足提供了一种潜在的解决方案。本文系统地介绍了无线充电技术的组成和工作原理，以促进无线充电技术的发展和应用。分析了影响e路电能传输效率的主要因素，包括路面材料。研究结果表明，当使用现有的无线充电技术（通常以空气为媒介）时，电能可以穿过路面层。因此，由于路面材料、层数、水分等多种因素的影响，透平效率会出现波动。这种现象归因于无线充电线圈的性能参数和介电路面材料的电磁感应特性造成的功率损耗。考虑到线路组成、沥青混凝土级配类型和路面结构组成，提出了提高无线充电路面输电效率的潜在解决方案。总结了以往研究沥青混合料介质损耗的方法和模型，提出了无线能量传输效率、应用范围和优化方法。分析了一种常用的无线充电线圈布置方式对无线充电路面结构和使用寿命的影响，并提出了改进措施。

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引用次数: 0

Research on static and dynamic comprehensive evaluation of urban agglomeration road network integration based on catastrophe theory 基于突变理论的城市群路网一体化静态与动态综合评价研究

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2023.01.007

Minqing Zhu , Wenyu Wang , Hongjun Cui , Yizhe Yang , Jiexi Chen , Jianling Gu , Fengyun Zhang

The integration of urban agglomeration road networks is an inevitable trend of regional development. It is very important to build a scientific and reasonable evaluation system for the integration of urban agglomeration road networks. The existing research may not be sufficient to evaluate the road network level reliably if the city unit in the region is not considered enough. It is necessary to evaluate the level of road network integration from a dynamic perspective, in consideration of the economic scale of urban population and the level of road network in developing countries such as China is in the stage of rapid development. Therefore, this paper constructs an analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-catastrophe progression method evaluation model by considering the equilibrium degree and the fitness degree of urban unit road network. This evaluation model combines the integration of road network quantity, shape, and quality to evaluate the level of urban agglomeration road network integration from dynamic and static ways. Taking Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomeration and Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration as examples, this paper uses the road network data of urban agglomerations in 2010, 2015, and 2020 to make a comparative study. The results show that the growing trend of Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is at a high level by 2020, while the trend of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomeration is at a general level. Compared with the previous evaluation models, this evaluation method has a good explanation and can emphasize the consideration of dynamic evaluation. The research results annotate the current situation of road network integration of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei and Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration that can satisfy the requirement of urban agglomeration development. And it provides decision-making reference for further optimizing of the road network planning and layout of urban agglomeration.

城市群道路网络一体化是区域发展的必然趋势。建立科学合理的城市群路网一体化评价体系具有十分重要的意义。如果对区域内的城市单元考虑不够充分，现有的研究可能不足以可靠地评价路网水平。考虑到中国等处于快速发展阶段的发展中国家城市人口的经济规模和路网水平，有必要从动态的角度来评价路网一体化水平。为此，本文构建了考虑城市单元路网均衡度和适应度的层次分析法-突变级数法评价模型。该评价模型结合路网数量、形态和质量的一体化，从动态和静态两方面评价城市群路网一体化水平。本文以京津冀城市群和长三角城市群为例，采用2010年、2015年和2020年城市群路网数据进行对比研究。结果表明：到2020年，长三角城市群增长趋势处于较高水平，京津冀城市群增长趋势处于一般水平；与以往的评价模型相比，该评价方法具有较好的解释性，能够强调对动态评价的考虑。研究结果说明了京津冀和长三角城市群路网一体化的现状，能够满足城市群发展的要求。为城市群路网规划布局的进一步优化提供决策参考。

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引用次数: 0

Driving safety of low-position lighting in highway tunnels based on visual performance 基于视觉性能的公路隧道低位照明行车安全

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2025.05.001

Rui Ren , Zhenzhi Xiao , Yaqiong Wang , Xiao Song

To evaluate the lighting environment quality and driving safety of low-position lighting in highway tunnels, this study simulated three lighting schemes (high-position, low-position, and low-position with auxiliary LED strips on maintaining road) using DIALux software for a two-lane unidirectional tunnel. Key parameters for low-position luminaires were optimized, and drivers' obstacle recognition reaction times, gaze distribution patterns and pupil diameter dynamics were tested by visual performance experiments. The results indicate that the optimal parameters for low-position lighting, when using flat light technology luminaires better adapted to low-position lighting, are as follows: lamp spacing of 6–7 m, mounting height of 1.1–1.3 m, staggered arrangement, and auxiliary lighting power of 1 W/m. Compared to high-position lighting, low-position lighting reduced the threshold increment by 47.1%, increased small target visibility by 569%, and shortened drivers’ reaction times for near-roadway obstacles by 25%, significantly enhancing obstacle recognition. The pupil diameter variation rates across different lighting configurations all below 10% indicate that low-position lighting did not induce psychological states of tension or discomfort during driving. Although low-position lighting exhibited slightly lower longitudinal uniformity and longer reaction times for elevated targets, these limitations were effectively resolved by auxiliary LED strips. Overall, low-position lighting substantially improves driving safety and comfort in highway tunnels.

为评价公路隧道低位照明的照明环境质量和行车安全性，本研究采用DIALux软件对某双车道单向隧道的高位、低位、低位辅助LED条养护三种照明方案进行了模拟。对低位置灯具关键参数进行优化，并通过视觉性能实验测试驾驶员障碍物识别反应时间、凝视分布模式和瞳孔直径动态。结果表明，采用更适合低位照明的平板灯技术灯具时，低位照明的最佳参数为：灯间距6 ~ 7 m，安装高度1.1 ~ 1.3 m，错开布置，辅助照明功率1 W/m。与高位照明相比，低位照明的阈值增量降低了47.1%，小目标可见度提高了569%，驾驶员对近路障碍物的反应时间缩短了25%，显著提高了障碍物识别能力。不同照明配置的瞳孔直径变化率均低于10%，表明低位置照明不会引起驾驶过程中的紧张或不适的心理状态。虽然低位置照明表现出稍低的纵向均匀性和较长的反应时间，但辅助LED灯条有效地解决了这些限制。总体而言，低位置照明大大提高了公路隧道的驾驶安全性和舒适性。

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引用次数: 0

Laboratory surface texture analysis of road pavements using a mobile phone camera based close-range photogrammetry technique 基于手机相机的近距离摄影测量技术的路面纹理实验室分析

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2024.12.004

Filippo Balzano , Piergiorgio Tataranni , David Woodward , Cesare Sangiorgi

The wearing course conditions strongly affect road pavements quality in terms of traffic safety and overall functionality. Surface texture can be considered a very strategic aspect to assess road pavement status, in order to predict its degradation and to define an effective maintenance program. Nowadays, common texture assessment approaches are mainly empirical and based on in-situ and/or laboratory direct measurements, thus the quantity and quality of the obtainable information are limited. On the other hand, advanced contactless techniques require expensive and often complicated equipment that can be hardly used in common applications. In this regard, a low budget close-range photogrammetry technique for road pavements 3D surface texture analysis is here proposed. 14 areal texture parameters including depth, volume, distribution and feature indicators have been determined by analysing the 3D models. The outcomes have been compared with those found with the traditional volumetric patch and pendulum tests, and a complete pairwise correlation matrix has been obtained. Volume patch test exhibits a high relationship with different volume and height surface texture parameters, while low-correlations have been found comparing pendulum test with the intrinsic and statistical indicators. The results and their relationships have been commented in-depth along with proposed further research activities.

路面的磨损状况对道路的交通安全和整体功能有很大的影响。表面纹理可以被认为是评估道路路面状况的一个非常重要的方面，以便预测其退化并制定有效的维护计划。目前，常见的纹理评价方法主要是基于现场和/或实验室直接测量的经验方法，因此可获得的信息数量和质量有限。另一方面，先进的非接触式技术需要昂贵且往往复杂的设备，这些设备很难在普通应用中使用。为此，本文提出了一种用于路面三维表面纹理分析的低成本近景摄影测量技术。通过对三维模型的分析，确定了包括深度、体积、分布和特征指标在内的14个面纹理参数。将所得结果与传统的体积贴片试验和摆试验结果进行了比较，得到了完整的两两相关矩阵。体积贴片试验与不同体积和高度表面纹理参数的相关性较高，而摆锤试验与内在指标和统计指标的相关性较低。对研究结果及其相互关系进行了深入评述，并提出了进一步的研究活动。

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引用次数: 0

Non-destructive testing and intelligent evaluation of road structural conditions using GPR and FWD 基于探地雷达和FWD的道路结构状态无损检测与智能评价

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2023.09.006

Zhen Liu , Siqi Wang , Xingyu Gu , Qiao Dong

Aiming at the assessment of road structural conditions, a method of combining ground penetrating radar (GPR) and falling weight deflectometer (FWD) for assessing the pavement structural integrity and strength was proposed in this study. First, 3D GPR was performed to detect the thickness and internal distress of pavement structural layers using the canny edge detection and you only look once version eight (YOLOv8) detection algorithms. Results showed that the error of thickness extraction was approximately 3%, and the distress detection achieved a mean average precision (mAP) of 0.859 and an inference time of 11.43 ms with a GTX 1070 GPU. Then, the extracted thickness was used for the modulus (E) inversion of pavement structure layers based on FWD test data and regression analysis. Finally, the distress ratio inside pavement structures (DRIPS) was proposed as a structural integrity index. The relationship between E and DRIPS was revealed and showed a good correlation. The greater the DRIPS value, the worse the pavement structural integrity and strength. It provides a reference for the evaluation of road structural conditions. This strategy proved to be reliable for nondestructive testing and evaluation of road structures, which could improve the comprehensiveness and effectiveness for evaluating road structural conditions.

针对道路结构状况评估，提出了一种结合探地雷达（GPR）和落重偏转仪（FWD）的路面结构完整性和强度评估方法。首先，使用canny边缘检测进行3D探地雷达检测路面结构层的厚度和内部损伤，并且只需要查看一次版本8 （YOLOv8）检测算法。结果表明，在GTX 1070 GPU下，厚度提取的误差约为3%，遇险检测的平均精度（mAP）为0.859，推断时间为11.43 ms。然后，基于FWD试验数据和回归分析，将提取的厚度用于路面结构层模量(E)反演。最后，提出了路面结构内部破损率（DRIPS）作为结构完整性指标。揭示了E与DRIPS之间的关系，并显示出良好的相关性。DRIPS值越大，路面结构完整性和强度越差。为道路结构状况评价提供参考。实践证明，该方法用于道路结构无损检测与评价是可靠的，可以提高道路结构状况评价的全面性和有效性。

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引用次数: 0

A comprehensive review of the resilient behaviour of unbound granular pavement materials 对松散颗粒路面材料弹性行为的全面回顾

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2024.06.004

Ayesh Dushmantha, Shiran Jayakody, Yilin Gui, Chaminda Gallage

Flexible pavements rely heavily on unbound granular materials for their base and subbase layers, where their performance under repetitive loading is critical. This performance is gauged by two main parameters: resilient modulus and permanent deformation, which are influenced by both intrinsic material properties such as gradation, moisture content, and density and external factors such as applied stress and load repetitions. Over time, variations in these elements can lead to diminished strength and increased non-recoverable strain, highlighting the necessity for routine evaluation of the pavement’s resilient behavior to maintain its longevity and durability. Given the practical difficulties of frequent field testing, computational models have emerged as vital tools for simulating the resilient modulus and predicting plastic strain, incorporating diverse influencing factors, and calibrated with lab and in-situ data. This paper delves into the properties affecting the resilient behavior of unbound granular pavement materials, emphasizing that stress level and moisture content significantly impact the resilient modulus, while load cycles and stress level notably influence permanent deformation. Central to this study is the exploration of the integrated effect of these factors on resilient behavior. Additionally, it evaluates the current landscape of computational modeling, showcasing the capabilities of the most used models for predicting these parameters through comparative analysis of existing literature. It suggests that to enhance pavement reliability and durability, models must evolve to include predictions on density and gradation for future improvement. This study further identifies key causes of pavement deterioration, helping develop targeted rehabilitation strategies and select accurate models for predicting resilience, ensuring robust pavement design. Furthermore, this review advances the field by merging new insights on the resilience of unbound granular materials with a critical evaluation of computational models. It introduces fresh perspectives and trends, bridging gaps in earlier reviews and paving the way for future research in pavement engineering.

柔性路面的基层和亚基层严重依赖于未粘结的颗粒材料，在重复载荷下的性能至关重要。该性能由两个主要参数来衡量：弹性模量和永久变形，这两个参数受材料的固有特性（如级配、含水率和密度）和外部因素（如施加应力和负载重复）的影响。随着时间的推移，这些因素的变化会导致强度下降和不可恢复应变的增加，因此需要对路面的弹性行为进行常规评估，以保持其寿命和耐久性。考虑到频繁的现场测试的实际困难，计算模型已经成为模拟弹性模量和预测塑性应变的重要工具，包括各种影响因素，并通过实验室和现场数据进行校准。本文深入研究了影响散体颗粒路面材料回弹性能的特性，强调应力水平和含水率对回弹模量有显著影响，而荷载循环次数和应力水平对永久变形有显著影响。本研究的核心是探索这些因素对弹性行为的综合影响。此外，它还评估了计算建模的当前前景，通过对现有文献的比较分析，展示了最常用模型预测这些参数的能力。这表明，为了提高路面的可靠性和耐久性，模型必须不断发展，以包括对未来改善的密度和等级的预测。这项研究进一步确定了路面退化的主要原因，有助于制定有针对性的修复策略，并选择准确的模型来预测复原力，确保路面设计的稳健。此外，这篇综述通过合并对未结合颗粒材料的弹性的新见解和对计算模型的关键评估来推进该领域。它介绍了新的观点和趋势，弥合了早期评论的差距，并为路面工程的未来研究铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

A scientometric review of research on built environment influence on public transportation demand 建筑环境对公共交通需求影响的科学计量学研究综述

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2024.01.003

Yuji Shi, Zan Zhang, Zhuofan Yan

There is a rich amount of reviews offer valuable references on the topic of exploring relationship between built environment and public transportation demand, but they often focus on certain perspectives and none of them provide a comprehensive and quantitative overview on available publications. To fill this gap, this study employed bibliometric analysis to develop a comprehensive review of relevant literature retrieved from the WOS core collection database from 2001 to 2022, aiming to identify the evolutionary trends and hot topics at global level, including historical and geographical trends, leading journals and institutions, keyword characteristics, citation network analysis and content analysis. The output results show that there is an increasing geographic spread along with the growth spurt of research publications on the topic of built environment influence on public transportation demand. According to results output from the keywords’ distribution and citation network analysis, hot topics of available studies as well as future research directions were identified based on their research objects, built environment measurement, and applied models. It is hoped that the output results will help researchers gain a deeper understanding of the development of research in this area, and help urban planning decision makers determine the most effective decisions and the most appropriate practices.

在探索建筑环境与公共交通需求之间的关系这一主题上，有大量的综述提供了有价值的参考，但它们往往侧重于某些角度，没有一篇综述对现有出版物进行全面和定量的概述。为了填补这一空白，本研究采用文献计量学分析方法，对WOS核心馆藏数据库2001 - 2022年的相关文献进行了综合分析，旨在从历史和地理趋势、主要期刊和机构、关键词特征、引文网络分析和内容分析等方面，识别全球范围内的演变趋势和热点问题。输出结果表明，随着建筑环境对公共交通需求影响这一主题的研究出版物的激增，地理分布也在不断扩大。根据关键词分布和引文网络分析输出的结果，根据研究对象、建筑环境测量和应用模型，确定了现有研究的热点和未来的研究方向。希望输出结果能够帮助研究者更深入地了解这一领域的研究进展，并帮助城市规划决策者确定最有效的决策和最合适的实践。

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引用次数: 0

Traffic prediction in time series, spatialtemporal, and OD data: A systematic survey 交通预测在时间序列，时空和OD数据：一个系统的调查

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2025.03.001

Kai Du , Xingping Guo , Letian Li , Jingni Song , Qingqing Shi , Mengyao Hu , Jianwu Fang

The burgeoning field of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) has been pivotal in addressing contemporary traffic challenges, significantly benefiting from the evolution of computational capabilities and sensor technologies. This surge in technical advancement has paved the way for extensive reliance on deep-learning methodologies to exploit large-scale traffc data. Such efforts are directed toward decoding the intricate spatiotemporal dynamics inherent in traffc prediction. This study delves into the realm of traffc prediction, encompassing time series, spatiotemporal, and origin-destination (OD) predictions, to dissect the nuances among various predictive methodologies. Through a meticulous examination, this paper highlights the efficacy of spatiotemporal coupling techniques in enhancing prediction accuracy. Furthermore, it scrutinizes the existing challenges and delineates open and new questions within the traffc prediction domain, thereby charting out prospective avenues for future research endeavors.

智能交通系统（ITS）这一新兴领域在解决当代交通挑战方面发挥了关键作用，它极大地受益于计算能力和传感器技术的发展。这种技术进步的激增为广泛依赖深度学习方法来利用大规模交通数据铺平了道路。这些努力的目的是解码交通预测中固有的复杂时空动态。本研究深入探讨交通预测领域，包括时间序列、时空和始发目的地（OD）预测，剖析各种预测方法之间的细微差别。通过细致的研究，本文强调了时空耦合技术在提高预测精度方面的有效性。此外，它仔细审查了现有的挑战，并描绘了交通预测领域内的开放和新的问题，从而为未来的研究工作绘制出了前瞻性的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Machine detectability of road markings analysed with classical image processing techniques towards demand-oriented road operations for automated vehicles 用经典图像处理技术分析道路标记的机器可检测性，以满足自动驾驶车辆的道路操作需求

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2024.11.003

Stefan Biermeier , Dirk Kemper , Tomasz E. Burghardt , Alvaro Garcia-Hernandez

This paper investigates the machine detectability (MD) of road markings under various environmental conditions, crucial for the definition of operational design domains (ODD) of automated driving systems as well as the assessment of operational domains (OD). By analysing the correlation between MD parameters, specifically contrast, gradient, and edge detectability, and common photometric properties of road markings currently used for maintenance management (retroreflectivity and daytime visibility), the paper aims to bridge the gap in current road marking detectability research and OD assessment. The methodology encompassed a detailed examination of road markings on a motorway under different lighting and weather conditions, employing both camera and LiDAR sensors for data collection. The findings reveal that the retroreflectivity is a consistent predictor for MD in camera images during nighttime and for LiDAR contrast in dry and moist conditions, whereas the daytime visibility fails to reliably predict MD in daytime conditions. Moreover, the study introduces a multi-parameter approach that transcends sole contrast analysis as well as the usage of off-the-shelf machine vision systems, proposing a new set of MD parameters for a broader and transparent evaluation of road marking detectability. This comprehensive assessment highlights the need for quality standards for road markings that would accommodate varying environmental impacts on MD of road markings. Ultimately, this research provides valuable insights and recommendations on research approaches to find demand-oriented minimum standards for MD of road markings, enabling comprehensive OD assessments, and facilitating safer navigation for automated vehicles.

本文研究了各种环境条件下道路标记的机器可检测性（MD），这对于自动驾驶系统的操作设计域（ODD）的定义以及操作域（OD）的评估至关重要。通过分析MD参数（特别是对比度、梯度和边缘可检测性）与目前用于养护管理的道路标线的常见光度特性（反射率和日间能见度）之间的相关性，本文旨在弥补当前道路标线可检测性研究和OD评估之间的差距。该方法包括在不同照明和天气条件下对高速公路上的道路标记进行详细检查，并使用摄像头和激光雷达传感器收集数据。研究结果表明，反射率是夜间相机图像中MD和干燥和潮湿条件下LiDAR对比度的一致预测因子，而白天能见度不能可靠地预测白天条件下的MD。此外，该研究引入了一种超越单一对比分析和现有机器视觉系统使用的多参数方法，提出了一套新的MD参数，用于更广泛和透明的道路标记可检测性评估。这项全面的评估强调需要制定道路标记的质量标准，以适应不同的环境对道路标记MD的影响。最终，本研究提供了有价值的见解和建议的研究方法，以找到以需求为导向的道路标记MD最低标准，实现全面的OD评估，并促进自动驾驶车辆更安全的导航。

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引用次数: 0