Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition最新文献_第4页

Study on performance and microscopic mechanism of hydrogen peroxide treated waste crumb rubber modified asphalt 双氧水处理废橡胶屑改性沥青的性能及微观机理研究

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2023.03.004

Xinjun Feng, Hao Fu, Zijian Dai, Wang Li

The application of waste crumb rubber to modified asphalt can not only improve pavement performance, but also make full use of renewable resources, which is of great significance to environmental protection. However, the waste crumb rubber modified asphalt has some disadvantages such as poor storage stability, high viscosity and high construction temperature requirement, which restricts the application of crumb rubber modified asphalt in road engineering. In order to improve the storage stability and construction workability of waste crumb rubber modified asphalt, in this paper hydrogen peroxide is adopted for the surface oxidation treatment of waste crumb rubber, to prepare five kinds of hydrogen peroxide treated waste crumb rubber modified asphalt with waste crumb rubber dosage of 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, and 35% (wt%). The pavement performance was studied by conventional performance tests and rheological properties tests. Then, the microscopic mechanism was studied by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the waste crumb rubber becomes fluffy and has a richer pore structure on the surface after hydrogen peroxide treatment, which makes it easier for the light components in the asphalt to penetrate into the waste crumb rubber, and thus promotes its dissolution in asphalt, thereby improving the storage stability, construction workability, and low temperature performance of waste crumb rubber modified asphalt, but reduces the high temperature and elastic properties. At the same time, the surface polarity of activated waste crumb rubber is enhanced, and esterification reaction occurs with carboxyl groups, sulfoxides and acid anhydrides in asphalt, which effectively increases the interface bonding between asphalt and the waste crumb rubber, and further improves the storage stability, construction workability and low temperature performance of the waste crumb rubber modified asphalt. The optimum dosage of waste crumb rubber modified asphalt treated with hydrogen peroxide is 30%.

将废橡胶屑应用于改性沥青中，不仅可以提高路面性能，而且可以充分利用可再生资源，对环境保护具有重要意义。然而，废橡胶屑改性沥青存在储存稳定性差、粘度高、施工温度要求高等缺点，制约了橡胶屑改性沥青在道路工程中的应用。为了提高废橡胶屑改性沥青的贮存稳定性和施工和易性，本文采用双氧水对废橡胶屑进行表面氧化处理，制备了废橡胶屑用量分别为15%、20%、25%、30%、35% （wt%）的五种双氧水处理废橡胶屑改性沥青。通过常规性能试验和流变性能试验对其路面性能进行了研究。然后通过扫描电镜、红外光谱和热重分析对其微观机理进行了研究。结果表明：双氧水处理后的废橡胶屑变得蓬松，表面孔隙结构更丰富，使沥青中的轻组分更容易渗透到废橡胶屑中，从而促进其在沥青中的溶解，从而提高废橡胶屑改性沥青的储存稳定性、施工和易性和低温性能，但降低了其高温和弹性性能。同时，活化废橡胶屑的表面极性增强，与沥青中的羧基、亚砜、酸酐发生酯化反应，有效增加了沥青与废橡胶屑的界面键合，进一步提高了废橡胶屑改性沥青的储存稳定性、施工和易性和低温性能。双氧水处理废橡胶屑改性沥青的最佳投加量为30%。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the factors associated with pedestrian injury in motorcycle-pedestrian crashes in Ghana 评估加纳摩托车-行人碰撞事故中行人受伤的相关因素

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2023.12.002

Emmanuel Kofi Adanu , Robert Ambunda , William Agyemang , Moses Tefe , Steven Jones

In road safety analysis, motorcyclists and pedestrians constitute the most vulnerable road user groups. However, in the interaction between motorcycles and pedestrians, pedestrians tend to be at a greater risk of injury and death. In safety literature, much research has been dedicated to the study of motor vehicle-motorcycle and motor vehicle-pedestrian crashes, and very little research has been done on motorcycle-pedestrian crashes. This study contributes to efforts to fill in the gap in this important safety area from the perspective of a rapidly developing middle-income country, Ghana, where the growth in motorcycle activities has been exponential over the past few years. To achieve this, motorcycle-pedestrian crash data for Ghana from 2015 to 2019 were obtained from the Ghana National Road Traffic Accident database at the Building and Road Research Institute (BRRI) of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). After cleaning, a total of 2655 motorcycle-pedestrian crash observations were available for analysis and model estimation. The distribution of crashes by severity shows that 16.69% were fatal, 53.10% were incapacitating injuries, and 30.21% were minor injury crashes. The study adopted the random parameters logit with heterogeneity in means and variances approach to develop an injury severity model to understand how various crash factors influence pedestrian injury outcomes. The model estimation results reveal that pedestrians who were struck while crossing the road were more likely to be killed or seriously injured. The likelihood of fatal injury was found to be high at night and when the motorcyclists bolt after hitting a pedestrian. Speeding was also found to be associated with fatal injury outcome. This study is expected to stimulate conversations in the road safety community to pay attention to this silent safety concern. Ultimately, the findings of the study provide data-driven evidence to support countermeasure development and implementation, using the safe systems approach.

在道路安全分析中，摩托车手和行人是最脆弱的道路使用者群体。然而，在摩托车与行人的相互作用中，行人往往处于更大的受伤和死亡风险中。在安全文献中，很多研究都致力于机动车-摩托车和机动车-行人碰撞的研究，而对摩托车-行人碰撞的研究却很少。从快速发展的中等收入国家加纳的角度来看，本研究有助于填补这一重要安全领域的空白，加纳的摩托车活动在过去几年中呈指数级增长。为了实现这一目标，从加纳科学和工业研究委员会（CSIR）建筑和道路研究所（BRRI）的加纳国家道路交通事故数据库中获得了2015年至2019年加纳摩托车-行人碰撞数据。清理后，共有2655个摩托车-行人碰撞观测数据可供分析和模型估计。事故严重程度的分布表明，致死性事故占16.69%，致失能性事故占53.10%，轻伤事故占30.21%。本研究采用均值异质性和方差异质性随机参数logit方法建立损伤严重程度模型，了解不同碰撞因素对行人损伤结局的影响。模型估计结果表明，行人在过马路时被撞死亡或重伤的可能性更大。研究发现，在夜间以及摩托车手在撞到行人后逃跑时，造成致命伤害的可能性很高。超速也被发现与致命伤害的结果有关。本研究希望能激发道路安全界的对话，关注这一无声的安全问题。最终，研究结果提供了数据驱动的证据，以支持使用安全系统方法制定和实施对策。

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引用次数: 0

Development and application of metallic dampers in bridge engineering: A review 金属阻尼器在桥梁工程中的发展与应用综述

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2024.12.002

Wenxi Wang , Sheng Chen , Bei Chen , Guokun Liu , Xugang Hua , Zhengqing Chen

Bridges may suffer from large-amplitude vibrations due to strong winds, earthquakes, human-induced loads, and vehicle-induced dynamic loads. Metallic dampers employed the energy dissipation from the hysteretic behavior of metal materials are among the most effective methods to mitigate bridge vibrations. This paper reviews the development and application of metallic-yielding dampers for the vibration control of bridges. Various theoretical models for metallic damper analyses are reviewed. Different yielding mechanisms and manufacturing materials of metallic dampers are discussed. Finally, the recent progress and application of bridge engineering are summarized. It can be concluded that each section of the torsion-type metallic damper exhibits a uniform stress state and undergoes plastic deformation simultaneously. Therefore, the damper has a strong energy dissipation capacity. Additionally, self-centering metallic dampers can automatically recover to their initial position after suffering an earthquake. Combined metallic dampers can take advantage of different types of dampers, thereby enhancing damping performance. Finally, these dampers will significantly enhance the seismic performance and overall safety of bridge structures. Future research will likely focus on hybrid systems that combine metallic dampers with other energy consumption mechanisms to further improve adaptability and energy dissipation, advancing the resilience and safety of bridge structures.

由于强风、地震、人为载荷和车辆动力载荷，桥梁可能遭受振幅较大的振动。金属阻尼器利用金属材料滞回特性的能量耗散是缓解桥梁振动的最有效方法之一。本文综述了金属屈服阻尼器在桥梁振动控制中的发展和应用。综述了金属阻尼器分析的各种理论模型。讨论了金属阻尼器的不同屈服机理和制造材料。最后总结了近年来桥梁工程的进展和应用。结果表明，扭转型金属阻尼器各截面均处于均匀应力状态，同时发生塑性变形。因此，阻尼器具有较强的耗能能力。此外，自定心金属阻尼器可以在遭受地震后自动恢复到初始位置。组合金属阻尼器可以利用不同类型的阻尼器，从而提高阻尼性能。最后，这些阻尼器将显著提高桥梁结构的抗震性能和整体安全性。未来的研究可能会集中在将金属阻尼器与其他耗能机制相结合的混合系统上，以进一步提高桥梁结构的适应性和耗能能力，提高桥梁结构的弹性和安全性。

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引用次数: 0

CAV-generated mobility data modeling mechanism for adaptive signal control 自适应信号控制的自动驾驶汽车生成的移动数据建模机制

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2023.11.008

Wei Lin , Heng Wei , Lan Yang , Xiangmo Zhao

The effectiveness of adaptive traffic signal control highly relies on accurate and accountable identification of dynamic arrival turning movement demand on approaches and other traffic flow parameters measuring traffic states. Emerging connected vehicle (CV) and/or autonomous vehicle (AV)-generated mobility data can be potentially used as a new data source in support of the adaptive signal control. In the long-run, the CV/AV-generated data source could gradually substitute traditional inductive loop data as the maturity levels of the relevant data process techniques are progressively increasing. However, use of the CV/AV-generated data is still yet mature due to lack of the data process mechanism and models to integrate the data into the adaptive traffic signal control system. It is hence an imperative need to develop the mechanism for processing the CV/AV-generated data source in order to facilitate improving the efficiency of the adaptive traffic signal control schemes. This paper presents a developed methodological framework along with associated data models which can be used to configure an intelligent CV/AV data fusion in support of adaptive signal control operations. A proof-of-concept study has been conducted to test the developed models via comparison of the CV/AV-data-driven scenario and the traditional-detection-data-supported scenarios. The paper presents the modeling framework along with performance analysis of the testing study, which demonstrates positive outcomes in terms of reduced queue length and throughput, as well as benefit-cost ratios.

自适应交通信号控制的有效性在很大程度上依赖于对动态到达、转向、路径、运动需求和其他交通流参数的准确、可靠的识别。新兴的互联汽车（CV）和/或自动驾驶汽车（AV）产生的移动数据可能被用作支持自适应信号控制的新数据源。从长期来看，随着相关数据处理技术的成熟度逐步提高，CV/ av生成的数据源可以逐步取代传统的电感回路数据。然而，由于缺乏将这些数据整合到自适应交通信号控制系统中的数据处理机制和模型，CV/ av生成的数据的使用还不成熟。因此，为了提高自适应交通信号控制方案的效率，迫切需要开发对自动驾驶汽车/自动驾驶汽车生成的数据源进行处理的机制。本文提出了一种开发的方法框架以及相关的数据模型，可用于配置智能CV/AV数据融合，以支持自适应信号控制操作。通过比较CV/ av数据驱动的场景和传统的检测数据支持的场景，进行了一项概念验证研究，以测试开发的模型。本文介绍了建模框架以及测试研究的性能分析，它在减少队列长度和吞吐量以及效益-成本比方面展示了积极的结果。

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引用次数: 0

A VNS-NPGA approach to multi-objective optimization of hub-and-spoke logistics network 轮辐物流网络多目标优化的VNS-NPGA方法

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2023.07.014

Changxi Ma , Chuwei Shi , Yun Yang , Yongpeng Zhao , Zhuye Xu , Bo Du

To realize low-cost freight transport in the logistics network and improve the network operation efficiency, a multi-objective optimization model and the corresponding algorithm for a hub-and-spoke logistics network are proposed based on the multi-level location of hub points and channels layout. By considering the structure of the multi-level hub-and-spoke logistics network and the features of the connectivity between the hub and spoke points, the multi-objective optimization model is constructed with two objectives of minimizing the total network operation costs and the total network service time. By considering the characteristics of decision variables and models, a variable neighborhood search (VNS)-niched Pareto genetic algorithm (NPGA) approach with a three-stage encoding structure chromosome is proposed, where the VNS algorithm nested in NPGA is used for individual variable neighborhood search to optimize individual channel level genes, and NPGA is adopted to solve the multi-objective optimization model. To evaluate the performance of the proposed VNS-NPGA approach, a real-life case study based on a small-scale Australia Post data set was conducted, and 25 nodes of the Australia Post and 14 nodes of the Gansu Province 3-level hub-and-spoke logistics networks were established, respectively. The analysis results indicated that the network structure of multi-level hub points could avoid the detour problem existing in the traditional hub-and-spoke network, and showed better applicability in the narrow geographical structure. Compared to the traditional multi-objective evolutionary algorithms, VNS-NPGA can obtain better solutions through the distributed optimization of channel levels, avoiding the problem that a single algorithm cannot effectively deal with coupling relationships in genes.

为实现物流网络中货物的低成本运输，提高网络运行效率，提出了基于枢纽点多层次定位和通道布局的枢纽辐状物流网络多目标优化模型和算法。考虑多层次轮辐物流网络的结构和轮辐点之间的连通性特点，构建了以网络总运行成本最小和网络总服务时间最小为目标的多目标优化模型。考虑决策变量和模型的特点，提出了一种具有三阶段编码结构染色体的可变邻域搜索-小生境帕累托遗传算法（NPGA）方法，利用嵌套在NPGA中的VNS算法进行个体变量邻域搜索，优化个体通道水平基因，并采用NPGA求解多目标优化模型。为了评估所提出的VNS-NPGA方法的性能，基于澳大利亚邮政的小规模数据集进行了现实案例研究，分别建立了澳大利亚邮政的25个节点和甘肃省三级枢纽辐条物流网络的14个节点。分析结果表明，多级枢纽点的网络结构可以避免传统轮辐网络存在的绕行问题，在狭窄的地理结构中具有更好的适用性。与传统的多目标进化算法相比，VNS-NPGA通过通道级别的分布式优化可以获得更好的解，避免了单一算法无法有效处理基因中耦合关系的问题。

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引用次数: 0

Mitigation of thermal effects in bridges: A comprehensive review of control methodologies 缓解桥梁热效应：控制方法的全面审查

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2024.12.003

Zhiyuan Ma , Yongjian Liu , Jiang Liu , Yi Lyu

Bridge structures experience complex thermal effects under the influence of environmental factors and internal heat sources, leading to adverse impacts on structural safety and durability. To enhance comprehension of bridge temperature issues and mitigate adverse thermal stress and deformation, the fundamental principles of “resistance”, “release”, “prevention”, and “utilization” are summarized based on the causes of thermal effects, which are resisting thermal stress, releasing thermal deformation, preventing temperature actions, and utilizing thermal effects. Subsequently, typical approaches are summarized based on each principle. Under the “resistance” principle, measures such as rational reinforcement design, increasing early concrete strength, and utilizing new materials with high tensile strength can be employed to reduce the risk of structural cracking. Following the “release” principle, techniques like proper arrangement of expansion joints and bearings, flexible foundation design for jointless bridge and mass concrete layering method can be utilized to release thermal deformations. Based on the “prevention” principle, reducing the hydration heat, applying heat-insulating coatings, shading panels, and phase-change materials can decrease temperature differences in the structure. Improved calculation of thermal effects during construction can also aid in construction control. Based on the “utilization” principle, it is possible to strengthen arch bridges and treat expansion joints with the help of favorable thermal effects. Finally, the advancements are prospected to make the bridge better adapted to the thermal effects.

桥梁结构在环境因素和内部热源的影响下，会经历复杂的热效应，对结构的安全性和耐久性产生不利影响。为了加强对桥梁温度问题的认识，减轻不利的热应力和热变形，根据产生热效应的原因，总结了“抵抗”、“释放”、“预防”和“利用”的基本原则，即抵抗热应力、释放热变形、防止温度作用和利用热效应。随后，根据每个原则总结了典型的方法。在“抗”原则下，可采取合理的配筋设计、提高混凝土早期强度、采用抗拉强度高的新材料等措施降低结构开裂风险。根据“释放”原则，可采用合理布置伸缩缝和支座、无接缝桥梁柔性基础设计、大体积混凝土分层法等技术释放热变形。基于“预防”原则，减少水化热，应用隔热涂料、遮阳板、相变材料等可以减小结构温差。改进施工过程中热效应的计算也有助于施工控制。基于“利用”原理，利用良好的热效应对拱桥进行加固和伸缩缝处理是可能的。最后，展望了今后的研究进展，以使桥梁更好地适应热效应。

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引用次数: 0

Bike sharing systems data interoperability by a unified station status concept and big data solutions 共享单车系统的数据互操作性由统一的站点状态概念和大数据解决方案组成

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2024.06.003

Francisco Márquez-Saldaña , Gonzalo A. Aranda-Corral , Joaquín Borrego-Díaz

The impact of bike sharing systems (BSS) on urban mobility, and their study as part of the overall transport system in smart cities, has attracted significant academic interest in recent years. However, the lack of historical and standardized data in current service tools hinders the analysis and improvement of these platforms, i.e. by reusing technical data-based solutions. Big data nature (in volume, variety and velocity) of collecting BSS historical information must be also addressed, in order to take an integrated perspective.

This paper describes an integrated solution to this challenge by (1) proposing a unified station status concept for recording historical information, based on the identification, study and unification of common relevant fields found in almost all BSS data warehouses, and (2) implementing a big data-inspired ETL infrastructure together with a storage optimization, methodology which not only allows to access and collect previous defined concepts but also overcomes existing big data challenge when storing BSS information. The system also consumes other external relevant information, such as weather factors, which have been aggregated, enhancing stored knowledge, with KPIs and statistics. The developed solution illustrates how it can manage over seven years of data from twenty-seven BSS, serving not only machine-to-machine communication but also human-computer communication and enabling data-driven solutions.

自行车共享系统（BSS）对城市交通的影响，以及它们作为智慧城市整体交通系统一部分的研究，近年来引起了极大的学术兴趣。然而，目前的服务工具缺乏历史和标准化的数据，阻碍了对这些平台的分析和改进，即通过重用基于数据的技术解决方案。收集BSS历史信息的大数据性质（在数量、种类和速度上）也必须得到解决，以便采取综合的观点。本文提出了一种解决方案：(1)在对几乎所有BSS数据仓库中常见的相关字段进行识别、研究和统一的基础上，提出了统一的站点状态概念，用于记录历史信息；(2)实现了一个大数据启发的ETL基础设施，并进行了存储优化。该方法不仅允许访问和收集先前定义的概念，而且在存储BSS信息时克服了现有的大数据挑战。系统还使用其他外部相关信息，例如天气因素，这些信息已经被聚合，通过kpi和统计数据增强了存储的知识。开发的解决方案说明了它如何管理来自27个BSS的超过7年的数据，不仅服务于机器对机器通信，还服务于人机通信，并实现数据驱动的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Self-healing properties and environmental evaluation of asphalt mixtures containing steelmaking waste 含炼钢废料沥青混合料的自愈性能及环境评价

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2023.01.005

Fan Zhang , Aimin Sha , Yangsen Cao , Baowen Lou , Wentong Wang , Ruimeng Song

Environmental pollution and resource shortages are the two most urgent issues in current society. Using steel slag as aggregates in pavement construction is promising in reducing the exploitation of non-renewable resources. Meanwhile, steel slag, as an excellent microwave-absorbing material, can accelerate the self-healing properties of the pavement. This study aims to explore a value-added development of the asphalt mixture containing steel slag to improve its self-healing properties. For this purpose, the absorbing properties of steel slag were firstly explained based on SEM, X-RD, and X-RF. Then, thermal conductivity, self-healing, and road performance were tested. Finally, the feasibility of replacing aggregates with steel slag was assessed based on environmental evaluation and economic benefits. Results indicated that the porous structure and metal elements of steel slag make it have excellent microwave heating (MH) capacity. The high-temperature stability and water stability of steel slag asphalt mixtures (SSAM) can improve by 60.76% and 5.97%, respectively, while there is a downward trend in low-temperature crack resistance. Besides, asphalt mixtures with 80% steel slag content performed excellent thermal conductivity and healing properties efficiency, which exhibited the maximum thermal parameter (1.56 W/(m·K)), healing index (92.8%), and healing level (63.7%). Based on the purpose of self-healing, 80% replacement of steel slag by volume is recommended. The comprehensive evaluation results on environmental pollution and economic benefits show that using steel slag as aggregates is highly feasible.

环境污染和资源短缺是当今社会最紧迫的两个问题。在路面施工中使用钢渣作骨料，对减少不可再生资源的开采具有重要的意义。同时，钢渣作为一种优良的吸波材料，可以加速路面的自愈性能。本研究旨在探索钢渣沥青混合料的增值开发，以提高其自愈性能。为此，首先利用扫描电镜（SEM）、X-RD和X-RF对钢渣的吸收性能进行了分析。然后，测试了导热性、自愈性和道路性能。最后，从环境评价和经济效益两方面对钢渣替代骨料的可行性进行了评价。结果表明，钢渣的多孔结构和金属元素使其具有优良的微波加热性能。钢渣沥青混合料（SSAM）的高温稳定性和水稳定性分别提高了60.76%和5.97%，而低温抗裂性有下降趋势。此外，钢渣含量为80%的沥青混合料具有优异的导热性能和修复性能，其热参数最大（1.56 W/(m·K)），修复指数最高（92.8%），修复水平最高（63.7%）。基于自愈的目的，建议按体积置换80%的钢渣。环境污染和经济效益综合评价结果表明，采用钢渣作骨料是十分可行的。

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引用次数: 0

Alteration in delay time considering different pedestrian's crossing characteristics in the era of autonomous vehicles 自动驾驶汽车时代考虑不同行人过马路特征的延迟时间变化

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2024.03.007

Szilárd Szigeti , Dávid Földes , Attila Aba

Delay is one of the most crucial factors for both pedestrians and car drivers around pedestrian crossings. Drivers often do not yield to pedestrians, which may result in both delay and impatient pedestrian behaviour. This tendency may alter after introducing autonomous vehicles as the vehicles will follow the traffic rules in all cases. This study aims to estimate the delay time alteration at a simple zebra crossing using on-site measures and simulation. Roadside video recordings were carried out in Budapest, Hungary, to obtain the crossing decisions of pedestrian groups based on the approaching vehicle distance. We have determined the accepted vehicle distance vales for pedestrian groups that served as input data for microsimulation modelling. The novelty of the study is that the simulation involved autonomous vehicles that hold preset headways from the leading vehicle. The simulation was designed based on the traffic share of autonomous vehicles and the headways they kept. The main findings are that the travel time and stopping time for cars are higher if the modal share of autonomous vehicles is high. For pedestrians, however, we found a slight decrease in both travel times and stopping times. Moreover, we have proposed modifications to the simulation software (Vissim) to handle distance-dependent pedestrian decisions and drivers' failure to give priority. The results can be useful for road operators to estimate the road capacity in the era of autonomous vehicles and for software developers to formulate the simulated and real driving mechanism for autonomous vehicles.

对于人行横道周围的行人和汽车司机来说，延迟是最重要的因素之一。司机往往不给行人让路，这可能会导致延误和行人不耐烦的行为。自动驾驶汽车在任何情况下都会遵守交通规则，因此这种趋势可能会发生变化。本研究旨在利用现场测量与仿真相结合的方法，估算简单斑马线的延误时间变化。在匈牙利布达佩斯进行路边录像，根据接近的车辆距离获得行人群体的过马路决策。我们确定了行人组可接受的车辆距离值，作为微仿真建模的输入数据。这项研究的新颖之处在于，模拟涉及的自动驾驶汽车与领先车辆保持预设的领先距离。仿真是基于自动驾驶车辆的交通份额和他们保持的领先设计的。主要发现是，如果自动驾驶汽车的模式份额高，汽车的行驶时间和停车时间会更高。然而，我们发现行人的出行时间和停车时间都略有减少。此外，我们对仿真软件（Vissim）提出了修改，以处理距离依赖的行人决策和驾驶员未优先考虑的情况。研究结果可为道路运营者估计自动驾驶汽车时代的道路容量以及软件开发人员制定自动驾驶汽车的模拟和真实驾驶机制提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

In-depth investigation of contributing factors of fatal/severe-injury crashes at highway merging areas using machine learning classification methods 使用机器学习分类方法对高速公路合并区域致命/严重伤害事故的影响因素进行深入调查

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2023.06.007

Nischal Bhattarai , Ciyun Lin , Yibin Zhang , Hongchao Liu

Highway on-ramp merging locations are vulnerable to traffic collisions inflicting fatal or serious injuries to drivers. Although numerous studies have uncovered the major contributing factors to crashes at on-ramp merging areas, none of these studies have focused on fatal/severe-injury crashes. This paper aims to provide an in-depth and systematic investigation on critical contributing factors of the high-severity crashes at highway merging areas. As part of the analysis, support vector machines (SVM) and random forest (RF) models were developed for a 10-year data set of crashes at more than 250 merging locations in Texas, United States, using 23 different crash attributes describing each incident to predict high-severity crashes. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to quantify the marginal effects of each contributing factor. The results indicate that there is an increased likelihood of fatal/severe-injury crashes when the number of highway lanes is high, and the number of lanes on the frontage roads/connector roads is low (<4). Likewise, presence of heavy vehicles seems to affect the occurrence of fatal injury crashes at merging areas. Additionally, longer ramp lengths, presence of auxiliary lanes, and the proximity of exit ramps are found to increase the likelihood of high severity crashes. These findings, either new or consistent with previous studies are helpful in enriching the literature of on-ramp related highway safety studies.

高速公路入口匝道合并位置容易发生交通碰撞，对驾驶员造成致命或严重伤害。尽管许多研究已经揭示了匝道入路合并区域撞车的主要因素，但这些研究都没有关注致命/严重伤害事故。本文旨在对高速公路合流区高强度碰撞事故的主要影响因素进行深入系统的研究。作为分析的一部分，支持向量机（SVM）和随机森林（RF）模型针对美国德克萨斯州250多个合并地点的10年碰撞数据集进行了开发，使用23种不同的碰撞属性来描述每个事件，以预测高严重性碰撞。进行敏感性分析以量化每个贡献因素的边际效应。结果表明，当高速公路车道数较多，而前方道路/连接道路车道数较少时，发生致命/严重伤害事故的可能性增加（<4）。同样，重型车辆的存在似乎会影响合并区域致命伤害事故的发生。此外，较长的坡道长度、辅助车道的存在以及出口坡道的临近，都增加了发生严重碰撞的可能性。这些新发现或与以往研究一致，有助于丰富入口匝道相关公路安全研究的文献。

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