{"title":"Enacting Critical Intersectionality in Research: A Challenge for Social Work","authors":"B. Reed, Tina Jiwatram-Negrón, O. Benson, L. Gant","doi":"10.1093/swr/svab015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/swr/svab015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47282,"journal":{"name":"Social Work Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85294606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studies indicate that, for some, the appeal of the helping professions—including medicine, psychology, and social work—is their own history of trauma. Often labeled “wounded healers,” these people are believed to be motivated to help others, in part, by their own wounds. As social work educators, we have an obligation to remain informed about this phenomenon. Rates of depression and suicide as well as the important role of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in the lives of professional helpers behoove us to assess the challenges and provide effective classroom management and methods. This quantitative design, with consideration of action and translational research, included use of the Adverse Childhood Experiences, Brief Resilience, and Life Satisfaction scales. The BSW and MSW students in the study were found to have relatively high levels of adverse childhood experiences but also overall positive scores in resilience and life satisfaction. No relationship was found between ACEs and either brief resilience or life satisfaction. A low positive correlation was found between resilience and life satisfaction. The lower scores among non-White cultural groups demand further inquiry.
{"title":"Assess and Address Vestiges of Childhood Trauma in the Social Work Classroom","authors":"Sharon C. Lyter","doi":"10.1093/swr/svab008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/swr/svab008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Studies indicate that, for some, the appeal of the helping professions—including medicine, psychology, and social work—is their own history of trauma. Often labeled “wounded healers,” these people are believed to be motivated to help others, in part, by their own wounds. As social work educators, we have an obligation to remain informed about this phenomenon. Rates of depression and suicide as well as the important role of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in the lives of professional helpers behoove us to assess the challenges and provide effective classroom management and methods. This quantitative design, with consideration of action and translational research, included use of the Adverse Childhood Experiences, Brief Resilience, and Life Satisfaction scales. The BSW and MSW students in the study were found to have relatively high levels of adverse childhood experiences but also overall positive scores in resilience and life satisfaction. No relationship was found between ACEs and either brief resilience or life satisfaction. A low positive correlation was found between resilience and life satisfaction. The lower scores among non-White cultural groups demand further inquiry.","PeriodicalId":47282,"journal":{"name":"Social Work Research","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86991062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Cadet, S. Burke, Jamie A. Mitchell, Kyaien O. Conner, F. Nedjat-Haiem
Loneliness is associated with poorer health practices and fewer health-promoting behaviors and may be associated with greater use of the health care system. Given national conversations about aging in context, this investigation explored the relationship between perceptions of loneliness in 2008 and prostate cancer screening participation in 2008 and 2012. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, authors examined the relationship between loneliness and prostate cancer screening in 2008 and 2012 among Black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White men, ages 50 to 74 years (N = 4,875) using a series of logistic regression models. Findings indicate that White men who indicated being more lonely were less likely to participate in screening in 2008 and 2012. For Black men, there was a reduced likelihood of screening in 2012 with one aspect of decreasing loneliness. Social workers have unique training focusing on the person-in-environment model. Use of the person-in-environment model can help health care providers understand men’s experiences and their feelings or needs related to cancer screening participation. Given the lack of focus on men’s health-promoting behaviors related to loneliness, this study provides formative data to test interventions to increase the well-being of older men.
{"title":"Does Perceived Loneliness Matter for Diverse Older Men and Their Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing Behaviors?","authors":"T. Cadet, S. Burke, Jamie A. Mitchell, Kyaien O. Conner, F. Nedjat-Haiem","doi":"10.1093/swr/svab002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/swr/svab002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Loneliness is associated with poorer health practices and fewer health-promoting behaviors and may be associated with greater use of the health care system. Given national conversations about aging in context, this investigation explored the relationship between perceptions of loneliness in 2008 and prostate cancer screening participation in 2008 and 2012. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, authors examined the relationship between loneliness and prostate cancer screening in 2008 and 2012 among Black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White men, ages 50 to 74 years (N = 4,875) using a series of logistic regression models. Findings indicate that White men who indicated being more lonely were less likely to participate in screening in 2008 and 2012. For Black men, there was a reduced likelihood of screening in 2012 with one aspect of decreasing loneliness. Social workers have unique training focusing on the person-in-environment model. Use of the person-in-environment model can help health care providers understand men’s experiences and their feelings or needs related to cancer screening participation. Given the lack of focus on men’s health-promoting behaviors related to loneliness, this study provides formative data to test interventions to increase the well-being of older men.","PeriodicalId":47282,"journal":{"name":"Social Work Research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80788449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christine A. Mair, A. Lehning, S. Waldstein, M. Evans, A. Zonderman
Intervention efforts include social support as a mechanism to promote well-being in diverse communities. Cultivating support can be complex, particularly in disadvantaged urban communities. This complexity is compounded by a lack of studies that attempt to map associations between urban neighborhood environments and social support exchanges. Authors address this gap by analyzing data from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study (Wave 1, 2004–2009), a 20-year epidemiological investigation of African American and White adults living in Baltimore City. Results of ordinary least squares linear regression models (N = 2,002) indicate that individuals who report that their neighborhoods have more social resources (p = .03), social order (p < .001), social cohesion (p = .002), and social control (p = .001) tend to exchange more social support. Respondents in neighborhoods with more social disorder report providing more support (p = .02), but receive less (p = .004). Neighborhood social environment is more consistently associated with support received from friends or other kin compared with spouses and children. These findings suggest that neighborhood social environments may be a key contextual consideration for social work intervention efforts and indicate need for macro-level interventions to complement existing micro-level interventions.
{"title":"Exploring Neighborhood Social Environment and Social Support in Baltimore","authors":"Christine A. Mair, A. Lehning, S. Waldstein, M. Evans, A. Zonderman","doi":"10.1093/swr/svab007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/swr/svab007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Intervention efforts include social support as a mechanism to promote well-being in diverse communities. Cultivating support can be complex, particularly in disadvantaged urban communities. This complexity is compounded by a lack of studies that attempt to map associations between urban neighborhood environments and social support exchanges. Authors address this gap by analyzing data from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study (Wave 1, 2004–2009), a 20-year epidemiological investigation of African American and White adults living in Baltimore City. Results of ordinary least squares linear regression models (N = 2,002) indicate that individuals who report that their neighborhoods have more social resources (p = .03), social order (p < .001), social cohesion (p = .002), and social control (p = .001) tend to exchange more social support. Respondents in neighborhoods with more social disorder report providing more support (p = .02), but receive less (p = .004). Neighborhood social environment is more consistently associated with support received from friends or other kin compared with spouses and children. These findings suggest that neighborhood social environments may be a key contextual consideration for social work intervention efforts and indicate need for macro-level interventions to complement existing micro-level interventions.","PeriodicalId":47282,"journal":{"name":"Social Work Research","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81736189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Women represent a growing segment of the homeless population; however, little work has examined employment among an important segment of this population: women unaccompanied by children. This study addressed the following research questions: Which common employment barriers (that is, physical health, mental health, substance abuse, or domestic violence) influence employment of unaccompanied women experiencing homelessness? How do these barriers influence the employment experiences of the women? The authors analyzed a cross-sectional sample of unaccompanied women in one community’s homeless management information system (n = 1,331). Then they completed semistructured interviews (n = 20) with a subsample of these women. Logistic regression analyses indicated that no employment barrier significantly related to current employment status. Interview data indicated that women perceived physical and mental health issues as barriers to full-time employment. Women reported a struggle to maintain housing even when they had employment. Integrated quantitative and qualitative analyses identified how agency data regarding barriers and employment may miss central barriers (for example, stigma, physical presentation) and employment engagement. Study findings provide support for programs that address housing and current barriers before other employment barriers, the importance of improving federal measures, and recommendations to strengthen agency-level data collection to inform program development and community-based research.
{"title":"“I’ve Been Through It”: Assessing Employment Barriers among Unaccompanied Women Experiencing Homelessness","authors":"D. Groton, M. Radey","doi":"10.1093/SWR/SVAB003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SWR/SVAB003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Women represent a growing segment of the homeless population; however, little work has examined employment among an important segment of this population: women unaccompanied by children. This study addressed the following research questions: Which common employment barriers (that is, physical health, mental health, substance abuse, or domestic violence) influence employment of unaccompanied women experiencing homelessness? How do these barriers influence the employment experiences of the women? The authors analyzed a cross-sectional sample of unaccompanied women in one community’s homeless management information system (n = 1,331). Then they completed semistructured interviews (n = 20) with a subsample of these women. Logistic regression analyses indicated that no employment barrier significantly related to current employment status. Interview data indicated that women perceived physical and mental health issues as barriers to full-time employment. Women reported a struggle to maintain housing even when they had employment. Integrated quantitative and qualitative analyses identified how agency data regarding barriers and employment may miss central barriers (for example, stigma, physical presentation) and employment engagement. Study findings provide support for programs that address housing and current barriers before other employment barriers, the importance of improving federal measures, and recommendations to strengthen agency-level data collection to inform program development and community-based research.","PeriodicalId":47282,"journal":{"name":"Social Work Research","volume":"348 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79703355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Examination of the Productivity of Social Work Doctoral Students","authors":"Elizabeth Lightfoot","doi":"10.1093/SWR/SVAB006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SWR/SVAB006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47282,"journal":{"name":"Social Work Research","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87518696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study builds on the existing research in the field of interprofessional collaboration (IPC) and burnout among social workers. The authors sampled field instructors from a mid-Atlantic school of social work, comparing self-reported burnout scores among social workers on interprofessional teams with those of social workers who do not work on interprofessional teams, and completed a regression analysis of the relationship between burnout and participation in interprofessional teams, perceptions of IPC, and several individual and practice factors. Findings suggest that although members of interprofessional teams reported lower burnout scores, there was no significant relationship between working in an interprofessional team and burnout when controlling for other factors. Although the study provides an interesting first look at burnout among social workers in interprofessional teams, further research with a larger, more representative sample is needed.
{"title":"Social Work Burnout in the Context of Interprofessional Collaboration","authors":"L. P. McCarthy","doi":"10.1093/SWR/SVAB004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SWR/SVAB004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study builds on the existing research in the field of interprofessional collaboration (IPC) and burnout among social workers. The authors sampled field instructors from a mid-Atlantic school of social work, comparing self-reported burnout scores among social workers on interprofessional teams with those of social workers who do not work on interprofessional teams, and completed a regression analysis of the relationship between burnout and participation in interprofessional teams, perceptions of IPC, and several individual and practice factors. Findings suggest that although members of interprofessional teams reported lower burnout scores, there was no significant relationship between working in an interprofessional team and burnout when controlling for other factors. Although the study provides an interesting first look at burnout among social workers in interprofessional teams, further research with a larger, more representative sample is needed.","PeriodicalId":47282,"journal":{"name":"Social Work Research","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77670248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Going Beyond “the Moment” in Social Work Research","authors":"C. Bright, Thuli Katerere-Virima","doi":"10.1093/SWR/SVAB005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SWR/SVAB005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47282,"journal":{"name":"Social Work Research","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86806997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) have high rates of chronic physical health conditions and unemployment. Research suggests that a person’s health is related to their employment. Although available research indicates that mental health is related to employment for adults with SMI, there is a need for further inquiry regarding physical health. This study used data from three waves of the Medical Expenditures Panel Survey to examine multivariate relationships between physical health conditions, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and employment among a sample of individuals with SMI (N = 648). Findings suggested that people with SMI and physical health conditions had lower HRQOL, compared with those with SMI only, and that physical and mental HRQOL mediated relationships between physical health conditions and employment. It is important to note that physical HRQOL had a stronger relationship with employment than mental HRQOL. These findings have important implications for integrated health care practice and research and policies aimed at expanding or restricting access to health care.
{"title":"Relationships between Physical Health and Employment among People with Serious Mental Illness","authors":"Elizabeth A O’Neill","doi":"10.1093/SWR/SVAA025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SWR/SVAA025","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) have high rates of chronic physical health conditions and unemployment. Research suggests that a person’s health is related to their employment. Although available research indicates that mental health is related to employment for adults with SMI, there is a need for further inquiry regarding physical health. This study used data from three waves of the Medical Expenditures Panel Survey to examine multivariate relationships between physical health conditions, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and employment among a sample of individuals with SMI (N = 648). Findings suggested that people with SMI and physical health conditions had lower HRQOL, compared with those with SMI only, and that physical and mental HRQOL mediated relationships between physical health conditions and employment. It is important to note that physical HRQOL had a stronger relationship with employment than mental HRQOL. These findings have important implications for integrated health care practice and research and policies aimed at expanding or restricting access to health care.","PeriodicalId":47282,"journal":{"name":"Social Work Research","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82840995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samantha Willy-Gravley, J. Beauchemin, P. Pirie, Alexandra Gomes, E. Klein
Mental health and substance abuse challenges are widespread among incarcerated populations, often coupled with complicated histories of abuse, trauma, and other psychological problems. Traditional treatments have largely consisted of psychological or pharmaceutical interventions. However, the implementation, effectiveness, and financial burden of traditional interventions have led to exploration into alternative approaches. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a six-week yoga intervention on body dissociation, emotion regulation, and signs of substance relapse among incarcerated females. Participants were assigned to an intervention group, therapeutic community, or general population control group. This study conceptualized body awareness and emotional regulation as mechanisms of change and hypothesized that improvements in these constructs would ultimately lead to improved signs of substance use relapse scores as compared with the wait-listed control and comparison groups. An analysis of covariance revealed significant differences in warnings of relapse (p < .01), emotion regulation (p < .01), and body dissociation (p < .05). Paired samples t tests revealed significant change from pre- to posttest for the intervention group across all outcome variables. Findings suggest that yoga may be an effective integrative treatment for mental health and substance use challenges among incarcerated females.
{"title":"A Randomized Controlled Trial of Yoga with Incarcerated Females: Impacts on Emotion Regulation, Body Dissociation, and Warnings of Substance Relapse","authors":"Samantha Willy-Gravley, J. Beauchemin, P. Pirie, Alexandra Gomes, E. Klein","doi":"10.1093/SWR/SVAA023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SWR/SVAA023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Mental health and substance abuse challenges are widespread among incarcerated populations, often coupled with complicated histories of abuse, trauma, and other psychological problems. Traditional treatments have largely consisted of psychological or pharmaceutical interventions. However, the implementation, effectiveness, and financial burden of traditional interventions have led to exploration into alternative approaches. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a six-week yoga intervention on body dissociation, emotion regulation, and signs of substance relapse among incarcerated females. Participants were assigned to an intervention group, therapeutic community, or general population control group. This study conceptualized body awareness and emotional regulation as mechanisms of change and hypothesized that improvements in these constructs would ultimately lead to improved signs of substance use relapse scores as compared with the wait-listed control and comparison groups. An analysis of covariance revealed significant differences in warnings of relapse (p < .01), emotion regulation (p < .01), and body dissociation (p < .05). Paired samples t tests revealed significant change from pre- to posttest for the intervention group across all outcome variables. Findings suggest that yoga may be an effective integrative treatment for mental health and substance use challenges among incarcerated females.","PeriodicalId":47282,"journal":{"name":"Social Work Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88421775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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