Health Education Journal最新文献_第5页

Assessing cultural intelligence among health education specialists 评估健康教育专家的文化智能

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231217085

Raffy R. Luquis, Miguel A Perez

Over the past three decades, cultural competence has been widely promoted in the health disciplines, including in health education and promotion, as a tool to address health disparities and promote health equity among diverse populations. Cultural intelligence (CQ), or the individual’s capability to adjust to cultural situations based on multiple factors including cognitive, metacognitive, motivational and behavioural characteristics, can be another useful tool when addressing the needs of diverse groups. The goal of this study was to assess the level of CQ among health education specialists and its relationship with cultural competence skills (CCS) among members of this group. Five hundred and forty randomly selected health education specialists in the USA completed an online survey. The survey included questions to assess CQ, CCS and demographic information. Descriptive statistics and analysis of variance were used to analyse the data. Results from the study showed that there was a significant variation in CQ among health education specialists based on race/ethnicity, education, the percentage of cultural/racial/ethnic diverse people they serve, and participation in professional development training. There was also a positive correlation between CQ and CCS, and between each of the CQ capabilities and CCS. Finally, both CQ metacognitive and cognitive capabilities were significant predictors of the overall CCS score. Findings from this study showed that CQ is associated with CCS among health education specialists. The results of the study suggest that health education specialists should consider CQ a useful tool with which to increase CCS.

在过去的三十年里，文化能力在卫生学科（包括健康教育和促进）中得到了广泛的推广，被视为解决卫生差异和促进不同人群健康公平的一种工具。文化智能（CQ），即个人基于认知、元认知、动机和行为特征等多种因素适应文化环境的能力，可以成为满足不同群体需求的另一种有用工具。本研究的目的是评估健康教育专家的 CQ 水平及其与该群体成员的文化胜任能力技能（CCS）之间的关系。在美国随机抽取的 540 名健康教育专家完成了一项在线调查。调查包括评估文化素养、文化胜任能力和人口统计学信息的问题。数据分析采用了描述性统计和方差分析方法。研究结果显示，根据种族/民族、教育程度、所服务的文化/种族/民族多元化人群的比例以及参加专业发展培训的情况，健康教育专家的 CQ 存在显著差异。此外，CQ 与 CCS 之间以及每种 CQ 能力与 CCS 之间也存在正相关。最后，CQ 元认知能力和认知能力都是 CCS 总分的重要预测因素。研究结果表明，健康教育专家的 CQ 与 CCS 相关。研究结果表明，健康教育专家应将 CQ 视为提高 CCS 的有用工具。

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引用次数: 0

Relationships between COVID-related health literacy, mental health and workload of school leaders 与 COVID 相关的健康素养、心理健康和学校领导工作量之间的关系

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231211853

Rune Müller Kristensen, Kevin Dadaczynski, O. Okan, V. Simovska

Studies have shown that school leaders’ health literacy is key to supporting health development in school. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of school leaders’ health literacy became evident, as school leadership was characterised with uncertainty and demanded high levels of alertness to the need to implement rapidly changing health-related measures at short notice. This study sought to explore school leaders’ health literacy, mental health and work-related characteristics in Danish public primary and lower secondary schools during the pandemic. Selecting schools from the national Danish register of institutions a sample of 220 complete responses was achieved in a cross-sectional survey. School leaders or a member of the school management team completed a self-administered version of the COVID-HL: School Principals Survey, which assessed health literacy, three domains of mental health, sense of coherence and workload. Data were analysed using chi-square tests and logistic regression. The majority of school leaders (71.4%) demonstrated a sufficient level of health literacy. However, there was a significant difference in workload increase between those with sufficient (66.0%) and insufficient (81.6%) health literacy. A high general workload was associated with lower well-being, while an increase in workload during the COVID-19 pandemic was linked to psychosomatic complaints. Sense of coherence explained variations in well-being, emotional exhaustion and psychosomatic complaints. This study highlights the importance of enhancing the health literacy of Danish school leaders, enabling them to deal effectively with complex health-related information and make informed decisions during health crises. Strengthening health literacy is crucial to promoting overall health and well-being in schools under normal circumstances, as well as navigating health crises.

研究表明，学校领导的健康素养是支持学校健康发展的关键。在 COVID-19 大流行期间，学校领导的健康素养的重要性显而易见，因为学校领导具有不确定性，需要高度警觉，在短时间内实施快速变化的健康相关措施。本研究旨在探讨大流行病期间丹麦公立小学和初中学校领导的健康素养、心理健康和工作相关特征。这项横向调查从丹麦全国机构登记册中选取了 220 所学校作为样本，得到了完整的答复。学校领导或学校管理团队的一名成员完成了自填版的 COVID-HL：校长调查，该调查评估了健康素养、心理健康的三个领域、协调感和工作量。我们使用卡方检验和逻辑回归对数据进行了分析。大多数学校领导（71.4%）的健康素养达到了足够的水平。然而，健康素养充足（66.0%）和不足（81.6%）的学校领导在工作量增加方面存在显著差异。一般工作量大与幸福感较低有关，而 COVID-19 大流行期间工作量的增加与心身不适有关。连贯感解释了幸福感、情感疲惫和心身不适方面的差异。这项研究强调了提高丹麦学校领导健康素养的重要性，使他们能够有效地处理复杂的健康相关信息，并在健康危机期间做出明智的决定。加强健康素养对于在正常情况下促进学校的整体健康和福祉以及应对健康危机至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Head teacher perspectives on school lunch: At variance with national policy 校长对学校午餐的看法：与国家政策相左

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231215718

L. Berggren, M. Waling, Cecilia Olsson

Previous research indicates that head teachers in Sweden frequently fail to see school lunch as part of the educational activities of a school. This study contributes to an understanding of how head teachers in Sweden perceive and experience current national policy intentions related to school lunch. Qualitative inquiry. Ten municipal state schools in Sweden. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 head teachers responsible for the compulsory education of 6- to 15-year-olds in state schools. Data from digitally recorded and transcribed interviews were thematically analysed. Head teachers primarily saw school lunch as a means to ensure pupils were fed and energised. Their focus tended to be on what followed after school lunch in the form of academic performance and mood, rather than the stated intentions of national school meal policy. Head teachers stressed the value of a free and nutritious school lunch for social equality, and the importance of good collaboration with food service managers and school meal personnel, despite the difficulty of achieving this. This paper highlights a gap between head teachers’ perspectives with respect to school lunch and official intentions stated in Swedish national school meals policy. The meanings head teachers saw as connected to school lunch were those of social equality and ensuring pupils were fed, rather than the wider potential envisioned by the authorities. This paper identifies factors that affect the possibility of realising national policy intentions for school lunch in Sweden.

以往的研究表明，瑞典的校长经常不把学校午餐视为学校教育活动的一部分。本研究有助于了解瑞典校长如何看待和体验当前与学校午餐相关的国家政策意图。定性调查。瑞典 10 所市立公立学校。对公立学校中负责 6 至 15 岁学生义务教育的 10 名校长进行了个人半结构式访谈。对数字化记录和转录的访谈数据进行了专题分析。校长们主要将学校午餐视为确保学生吃饱并补充能量的一种手段。他们关注的重点往往是学生午餐后的学习成绩和情绪，而不是国家校餐政策的既定目标。校长们强调了免费营养午餐对社会平等的价值，以及与膳食服务经理和学校膳食人员良好合作的重要性，尽管这很难实现。本文强调了校长对学校午餐的看法与瑞典国家学校膳食政策中所述官方意图之间的差距。校长们认为学校午餐的意义在于社会平等和确保学生吃饱，而不是官方所设想的更广泛的潜力。本文指出了影响瑞典学校午餐国家政策意图实现可能性的因素。

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引用次数: 0

Gender consciousness and sun protection patterns among Chinese youth: A cross-sectional analysis 中国青少年的性别意识与防晒模式：横截面分析

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-11-24 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231213193

Jiaxing Li, Rui Zhang, Yingyi Luo, Lixin Na

In contrast to previous research that has primarily focused on gender differences in health behaviour compliance, this study explored the association between gender consciousness and sun protection in China – a cultural setting in which there is a pronounced gender bias towards sun protection. These article is the first attempt to examine gender norms concerning sunscreen use among Chinese individuals, encompassing both young women and young men. Cross-sectional analysis conducted on one Chinese campus. Utilising data from the 2020 cohort of first-year students (549 male students and 1,489 female students) at a local university in Shanghai and employing OLS regression analysis, our analysis sheds light on gendered patterns of sun protection use among young individuals in China. Findings reveal that gender attitudes affect women’s sun protection frequency without influencing their choice of specific products. Conversely, men’s gender conciousness shapes their sun protection methods but not their overall frequency of sun protection. In addition, despite lower aggregate levels of sun protection, young women exhibit higher heterogeneity in their responses than young men. Socioeconomic status, health awareness and gender consciousness are all significant factors influencing sun protection among female students; however, among men, only health awareness shows a positive correlation with the use of sun protection. The results of this study exhibit some differences from initial expectations, suggesting that the full adoption of sun protection measures is still a work in progress. However, despite the differences identified, findings provide valuable insights to inform future public health efforts to promote sun protection among youth.

以往的研究主要集中于健康行为遵从性方面的性别差异，与此不同的是，本研究探讨了中国性别意识与防晒之间的关联--在中国的文化背景下，人们对防晒存在明显的性别偏见。这篇文章首次尝试研究中国人使用防晒霜的性别规范，其中包括年轻女性和年轻男性。在一所中国校园内进行了横断面分析。利用上海一所本地大学 2020 届一年级新生（549 名男生和 1489 名女生）的数据，并采用 OLS 回归分析，我们的分析揭示了中国年轻人使用防晒霜的性别模式。研究结果显示，性别态度会影响女性的防晒频率，但不会影响她们对特定产品的选择。相反，男性的性别意识会影响他们的防晒方法，但不会影响他们的总体防晒频率。此外，尽管防晒的总体水平较低，但年轻女性比年轻男性在防晒方面表现出更高的异质性。社会经济地位、健康意识和性别意识都是影响女生防晒的重要因素；但在男生中，只有健康意识与防晒的使用呈正相关。本研究的结果与最初的预期存在一些差异，这表明全面采用防晒措施仍是一项进行中的工作。不过，尽管发现了这些差异，研究结果还是为今后在青少年中推广防晒的公共卫生工作提供了宝贵的启示。

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引用次数: 0

Experiencing being objectified? A critical investigation of basic pedagogical categories in digital health education 体验被物化？对数字健康教育中基本教学类别的批判性研究

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231212290

S. Ruin, Martin Giese

In this paper, we explore the role digital health education can play in physical education. We argue that the use of digital media and technologies has been accompanied by fundamental changes in basic sports pedagogical categories such as body, movement and experience. In doing so, we advance the thesis that increasing digitalisation offers multi-layered and partly paradoxical opportunities and risks for health education, which have not yet been sufficiently discussed from a sports pedagogical perspective in a digitalised world. To develop a deeper understanding of these changes, we aim to analyse the mechanisms, opportunities and challenges created by digital health education in physical education, with a focus on the use of tools such as wearables. We draw on a Bildung-oriented perspective rooted in German-speaking pedagogy. With this in mind, we first look at the possibilities and limits for digital health education in physical education at the surface level, before we offer a deeper investigation of body, movement and experience in a digitalised world. This leads us to critical reflection at a structural level. Supposedly clear distinctions between ‘virtual’ and ‘real’, and ‘digital’ and ‘analogue’, are increasingly untenable. On the one hand, the use of digital technologies can convey reductionist images of humankind and a narrow understanding of education. On the other hand, students can experience differences between supposedly objective and subjective views of their bodies and their movement behaviour using digital technologies. This can lead to Bildung processes in which the relationship between oneself and the world is questioned, which in a sense constitutes a form of Bildung-oriented digital health education.

在本文中，我们探讨了数字健康教育在体育教育中可以发挥的作用。我们认为，在使用数字媒体和技术的同时，身体、运动和体验等基本体育教学范畴也发生了根本性的变化。在此过程中，我们提出了这样一个论点，即日益增长的数字化为健康教育提供了多层次的、部分自相矛盾的机遇和风险，而这些机遇和风险尚未从数字化世界中的体育教学角度得到充分讨论。为了深入了解这些变化，我们旨在分析体育教育中的数字化健康教育所带来的机制、机遇和挑战，重点关注可穿戴设备等工具的使用。我们借鉴了植根于德语教学法的以 "培养"（Bildung）为导向的视角。有鉴于此，我们首先从表层探讨了体育教育中数字健康教育的可能性和局限性，然后对数字化世界中的身体、运动和体验进行了深入研究。这将引导我们从结构层面进行批判性反思。虚拟 "与 "真实"、"数字 "与 "模拟 "之间所谓的明确区分越来越站不住脚。一方面，数字技术的使用可能传达出人类的简化形象和对教育的狭隘理解。另一方面，学生在使用数字技术时，可能会体验到对自己身体和运动行为的所谓客观和主观看法之间的差异。这可能导致对自身与世界的关系提出质疑的 "建构"（Bildung）过程，这在某种意义上构成了一种以 "建构"（Bildung）为导向的数字健康教育。

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引用次数: 0

Teachers’ perspectives on the EU Fruit and Vegetable Scheme implementation in Italy 教师对欧盟水果和蔬菜计划在意大利实施的看法

4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231210933

Veronica Vitali, Giulia Tiboldo, Elena Castellari, Biljana Meshkovska

Objective: School-based fruit and vegetable provision programmes can improve children’s eating patterns and health by ensuring access to fruit and vegetables and providing nutrition education. However, the effectiveness of these programmes may be significantly affected by the implementation quality. The objective of this study was to identify barriers and facilitators to the implementation of the EU School Fruit and Vegetables Scheme according to Italian teachers’ perspective. Design, Setting, and Method: We carried out semi-structured interviews with teachers in two elementary schools in Italy that had participated in the EU School Fruit and Vegetables Scheme for several years. The interview protocol was based on domains, constructs and sub-constructs from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Qualitative data from the interviews were coded deductively using the CFIR to identify the main barriers and facilitators to implementing the EU School Fruit and Vegetables Scheme. Results: Among the main facilitators of implementation of the EU School Fruit and Vegetables Scheme were the quality and variety of the products, as well as the educational intentions behind the scheme, and teachers’ overall level of engagement. Barriers were to be found in lack of teacher training, an absence of accompanying measures, limited knowledge about a healthy diet, the low involvement of parents, and finally, problems with product delivery. Conclusions: Providing more comprehensive teacher education and training and extending access to accompanying measures may improve the EU School Fruit and Vegetables Scheme’s implementation quality and effectiveness. Moreover, allowing greater flexibility in between suppliers and accounting for each geographic area’s unique character are crucial to overcoming the delivery problems that currently act as barriers to the implementation of the scheme.

目标:以学校为基础的水果和蔬菜供应方案可以通过确保获得水果和蔬菜和提供营养教育来改善儿童的饮食模式和健康。但是，这些方案的效力可能受到执行质量的重大影响。本研究的目的是根据意大利教师的观点确定欧盟学校水果和蔬菜计划实施的障碍和促进因素。设计、环境和方法:我们对意大利两所参与欧盟学校水果和蔬菜计划多年的小学的教师进行了半结构化访谈。访谈协议基于实施研究统一框架(CFIR)的域、构式和子构式。使用CFIR对访谈中的定性数据进行演绎编码，以确定实施欧盟学校水果和蔬菜计划的主要障碍和促进因素。结果:欧盟学校水果和蔬菜计划实施的主要促进因素是产品的质量和种类，以及该计划背后的教育意图，以及教师的整体参与水平。存在的障碍包括缺乏教师培训、缺乏配套措施、关于健康饮食的知识有限、家长参与度低，最后是产品交付方面的问题。结论:提供更全面的教师教育和培训，并扩大获得配套措施的机会，可以提高欧盟学校水果和蔬菜计划的实施质量和有效性。此外，允许供应商之间有更大的灵活性，并考虑到每个地理区域的独特特点，对于克服目前成为执行该计划障碍的交付问题至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

The role of the local retail environment in the tobacco-purchasing behaviour of underage adolescents in Amsterdam 当地零售环境在阿姆斯特丹未成年青少年烟草购买行为中的作用

4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231210212

Denise A M Peeters, Tessa R D van Deelen, Anton E Kunst, Bas van den Putte, Mirte A G Kuipers

Objective: Despite a nationwide ban on tobacco sales to people under 18 years of age, adolescents can still buy tobacco products in Amsterdam. This study aimed to understand the influence of the retail environment in adolescents’ activity spaces on their tobacco-purchasing behaviour. Method: Interviews were conducted with 13 adolescents (aged 14–19 years) who went to school in Amsterdam and had ever bought tobacco products. Questions were based on the capability, opportunity, motivation, behaviour (COM-B) model. City maps showing all tobacco outlets were used to visualise respondents’ activity spaces and purchasing areas. Transcripts were analysed thematically. Results: Adolescents preferred purchasing tobacco at shops where they had successfully purchased it before, instead of going to just any shop close by. They purchased tobacco products mostly in small shops. Supermarkets were avoided, as employees complied with age-verification procedures. The city centre provided easy access because the density of small shops was high. In adolescents’ residential area, acquaintances behind the counter might facilitate tobacco purchase, while it was a barrier for minors who secretly smoked. At school, adolescents developed a collective knowledge of shops that sold tobacco products to minors either near school or further away. Tobacco was also bought on the black market because it was cheaper or because it was possible to buy specific products (e.g. snus). Conclusion: Tobacco purchasing by minors is less about the proximity and more about which stores in their activity spaces sell tobacco products to minors. Policies should therefore be aimed at the enforcement of age limits and reducing the number of small shops selling tobacco.

目的:尽管全国禁止向18岁以下的人销售烟草，但青少年仍然可以在阿姆斯特丹购买烟草制品。本研究旨在了解青少年活动空间零售环境对其烟草购买行为的影响。方法:对13名在阿姆斯特丹上学并曾购买过烟草制品的青少年(14-19岁)进行访谈。问题是基于能力，机会，动机，行为(COM-B)模型。显示所有烟草销售点的城市地图用于可视化受访者的活动空间和购买区域。转录本按主题进行分析。结果:青少年更喜欢在他们以前成功购买过的商店购买烟草，而不是去附近的任何商店。他们大多在小商店购买烟草制品。由于员工遵守了年龄验证程序，所以没有去超市。市中心交通便利，因为小商店密度高。在青少年居住区，柜台后面的熟人可能会为购买烟草提供便利，而对偷偷吸烟的未成年人则是一个障碍。在学校，青少年对在学校附近或更远的地方向未成年人出售烟草制品的商店形成了集体知识。烟草也在黑市上购买，因为它更便宜，或者因为可以买到特定的产品(如鼻烟)。结论:未成年人的烟草购买与购买地的远近关系不大，而与活动场所内哪些店铺向未成年人出售烟草制品关系较大。因此，政策应着眼于执行年龄限制和减少销售烟草的小商店的数量。

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引用次数: 0

The effects of authoritative source cue and argument strength of correction tweets on MMR vaccine-related misinformation credibility 权威来源线索和纠正推文的论证强度对MMR疫苗相关错误信息可信度的影响

4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231210215

Jiyoung Lee, Dayoung Kang, Hee Yun Lee, Ji Won Kim

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the joint effect of two core message elements – authoritative source and argument strength – in correction tweets to counter conspiratorial misinformation about the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine. Design/Method: An online experiment with US residents ( N = 404) was conducted in a 2 (authoritative correction sources: layperson vs US Centres for Disease Prevention and Control [CDC]) × 2 (correction argument strength: weak vs strong) design. Results: The results indicate that the correction employing strong arguments and a correction provided by the CDC heightened heuristic processing of the corrective information, which in turn increased the perceived credibility of the conspiratorial misinformation. The effect of the CDC correction on heuristic processing was heightened when it contained weak arguments. Notably, user-generated corrections with weak arguments reduced heuristic processing of the information and contributed to reducing the perceived credibility of the misinformation. Conclusion: Based on the findings, we argue that both communicator- and content-related cues jointly influence how audiences process corrective information. The current study discusses the potency of user-generated social media corrections to counter vaccine misinformation and provides practical implications for how user-generated social media correction can be utilised by health practitioners. Public health organisations should prioritise presenting corrective information in an easily understandable manner, using user-generated content that fosters a sense of connection and engagement with individuals.

目的:本研究旨在检验两个核心信息元素——权威来源和论点强度——在纠正推文中的联合效应，以对抗关于麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹(MMR)疫苗的阴谋性错误信息。设计/方法:采用2(权威纠正来源:外行人vs美国疾病预防控制中心[CDC]) × 2(纠正论点强度:弱vs强)设计对美国居民(N = 404)进行在线实验。结果:采用强论据的纠正和CDC提供的纠正提高了纠正信息的启发式加工，进而提高了阴谋性错误信息的感知可信度。当包含弱论点时，CDC修正对启发式加工的影响增强。值得注意的是，用户生成的带有弱论据的更正减少了信息的启发式处理，并有助于降低错误信息的感知可信度。结论:基于研究结果，我们认为传播者和内容相关线索共同影响受众如何处理纠正信息。目前的研究讨论了用户生成的社交媒体更正在对抗疫苗错误信息方面的效力，并为卫生从业人员如何利用用户生成的社交媒体更正提供了实际意义。公共卫生组织应该优先考虑以易于理解的方式提供正确的信息，使用用户生成的内容，培养与个人的联系和参与感。

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引用次数: 0

Canadian cannabis education resources to support youth health literacy: A scoping review and environmental scan. 加拿大大麻教育资源支持青年健康知识普及:范围审查和环境扫描

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-02 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231191085

Emily J Howe, Lisa D Bishop, Bethany S Torraville, Emily C Rowe, Eden Kinzel, Jennifer R Donnan

Background: The 2018 legalisation of cannabis in Canada sparked concern and conversation about the potential negative impacts of youth cannabis use. It is clear that young people are already engaging in cannabis use for a variety of reasons; therefore, youth cannabis education is desirable to promote harm reduction and reduce the risk of adverse physical and mental health outcomes.

Objective: To identify and categorise Canadian cannabis education resources using a social-ecological approach informed by the youth health literacy framework, considering multiple factors at the micro-, meso- and macro-levels that influence health literacy and impact behaviour.

Methods: In line with scoping review methodology, database searches and an environmental scan of materials were completed. Specific inclusion criteria were identified to encompass all Canadian cannabis education resources directed towards young people aged 9-18 years and adults in contact with youth.

Results: A total of 60 resources were identified and categorised using the youth health literacy framework in terms of their focus on (1) micro influences (resources for youth); (2) meso influences (resources for teachers, parents, mentors); and (3) macro influences (resources for indigenous communities and medical professionals).

Conclusions: While many resources were identified, issues exist with the accessibility, quality and multicultural considerations of such resources, warranting the development of comprehensive, evidence-based and harm reduction-focused cannabis education for youth.

2018年加拿大大麻合法化引发了人们对青少年使用大麻潜在负面影响的关注和讨论。很明显，由于各种原因，年轻人已经开始使用大麻;因此，青少年大麻教育是促进减少危害和减少不利身心健康结果的风险的可取之处。在青年卫生扫盲框架的指导下，采用社会生态方法确定加拿大大麻教育资源并对其进行分类，同时考虑影响卫生扫盲和影响行为的微观、中观和宏观层面的多种因素。按照范围审查方法，完成了数据库搜索和材料环境扫描。确定了具体的纳入标准，以包括针对9-18岁青年和与青年接触的成年人的所有加拿大大麻教育资源。利用青年健康素养框架，共确定和分类了60种资源，其重点是:(1)微观影响(青年资源);(2)中观影响(教师、家长、导师的资源);(3)宏观影响(土著社区和医疗专业人员的资源)。虽然确定了许多资源，但在这些资源的可及性、质量和多文化考虑方面存在问题，因此有必要为青年发展全面、循证和注重减少伤害的大麻教育。

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引用次数: 0

Healthy eating in preschool children: Perceptions of parents and caregivers in Sri Lanka 学龄前儿童的健康饮食:斯里兰卡父母和照顾者的看法

4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231205082

Fathima Sirasa, Lana Mitchell, Neil Harris

Objective: Modifying the unhealthy dietary habits of children in low- and middle-income countries is important to overcome the increasing prevalence of childhood under- and overnutrition. Dietary habit formation is multifactorial, with parental influence fundamental in determining children’s food environment and intake. Therefore, understanding parents’ perspectives regarding healthy eating in their preschool-aged children in low- and middle-income countries is necessary to tailor programmes and interventions. However, limited research exists. This study therefore explored parents’ and caregivers’ understanding of healthy eating and perceived barriers and strategies to support their preschool children’s healthy eating in a middle-income country, Sri Lanka. Design: Qualitative study employing focus group discussions. Setting: Preschools in an urban area of north-western Sri Lanka. Method: Thirteen focus groups, each comprising 6–10 participants, were conducted with 110 parents/caregivers of children aged 2–6 years in Kurunegala (an urban area), in north-west Sri Lanka. Group discussions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, translated into English, coded and underwent inductive content analysis. Results: Participants’ understanding of healthy eating was largely consistent with dietary guidelines. Perceived barriers to healthy eating were predominantly intrapersonal (‘pester power’ and ‘picky eating’ of children), and family and peer-related (inadequate family support and peer influence). Suggested strategies included changes in household food availability, preparation and rewards, and creating more supportive environments (family, preschool and community). Conclusion: To optimise nutrition intervention outcomes, strategies targeting the identified intrapersonal, family and peer barriers should be incorporated.

目的:改变低收入和中等收入国家儿童的不健康饮食习惯对于克服日益普遍的儿童营养不足和营养过剩问题非常重要。饮食习惯的形成是多因素的，父母的影响是决定儿童食物环境和摄入量的根本因素。因此，了解父母对低收入和中等收入国家学龄前儿童健康饮食的看法，对于制定适当的规划和干预措施是必要的。然而，研究有限。因此，本研究探讨了在中等收入国家斯里兰卡，父母和照顾者对健康饮食的理解，以及支持学龄前儿童健康饮食的感知障碍和策略。设计:采用焦点小组讨论的定性研究。环境:斯里兰卡西北部城市地区的幼儿园。方法:在斯里兰卡西北部的库鲁内加拉(城市地区)，对110名2-6岁儿童的父母/照顾者进行了13个焦点小组，每个小组由6-10名参与者组成。小组讨论录音，逐字抄录，翻译成英文，编码，并进行归纳内容分析。结果:参与者对健康饮食的理解与饮食指南基本一致。人们认为健康饮食的障碍主要是个人的(“纠缠力”和“挑食”的孩子)，以及家庭和同伴相关的(缺乏家庭支持和同伴影响)。建议的策略包括改变家庭食物的供应、准备和奖励，以及创造更多的支持性环境(家庭、幼儿园和社区)。结论:为了优化营养干预效果，应结合针对已确定的个人、家庭和同伴障碍的策略。

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