Health Education Journal最新文献_第6页

English headteacher perspectives on school responses to protect student and staff mental wellbeing in the later stages of the COVID-19 pandemic 在COVID-19大流行的后期阶段，英国校长对学校应对措施的看法，以保护学生和员工的心理健康

4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231206112

Gillian McKay, Georgia Venner, Patrick Nguipdop-Djomo, Punam Mangtani, Neisha Sundaram, Andrea Lacey, Fiona Dawe, Peter Jones, Ffion Lelii, Shamez Ladhani, Chris Bonell

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on pupils and staff in English schools. This study aimed to provide an in-depth understanding of the challenges schools faced and the processes they implemented to protect the mental wellbeing of students and staff in the later stages of the pandemic, focusing on January–June 2022. Design: Qualitative study. Setting: Primary and secondary schools in England from April to September 2022. Method: Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted using Zoom with six primary and four secondary school headteachers (or other members of the senior leadership team) in England. Results: Mental wellbeing programming for students and staff was scaled up in both primary and secondary schools amid concerns that the COVID-19 pandemic would impact on mental health. Headteachers perceived changes in the behaviour of students, including increased dysregulation, and staff struggling with fatigue and a sense of being devalued as professionals. Schools scaled up the supports they offered to students and staff, but challenges remain in maintaining such increased support due to the perceived additional needs of staff and students within the context of funding constraints. Despite initial concerns that there would be tension between promoting mental wellbeing and academic catch-up among students, headteachers identified work addressing these two priorities as synergistic. Conclusion: Mental wellbeing impacts of the pandemic on pupils and staff required increased provision of support programmes. Ongoing efforts to monitor the wellbeing needs of students and staff is required. Formal and informal methods to enhance the mental health for pupils and staff should continue into the recovery period.

目的:2019冠状病毒病大流行对英语学校的学生和工作人员产生了重大影响。本研究旨在深入了解学校面临的挑战，以及他们在大流行后期阶段为保护学生和教职员工心理健康而实施的流程，重点是2022年1月至6月。设计:定性研究。设置:2022年4月至9月在英格兰的小学和中学。方法:采用Zoom对英国6所小学和4所中学校长(或其他高层领导团队成员)进行10次半结构化访谈。结果:由于担心COVID-19大流行会影响心理健康，中小学扩大了学生和教职员工的心理健康规划。校长们察觉到学生的行为发生了变化，包括越来越多的失调，员工们在疲劳中挣扎，感觉自己作为专业人士被贬低了。学校扩大了对学生和教职员工的支持，但在资金紧张的情况下，由于员工和学生的额外需求，保持这种增加的支持仍然存在挑战。尽管最初人们担心促进学生的心理健康和学业进步之间存在紧张关系，但校长们认为，解决这两个优先事项的工作是协同的。结论:大流行对学生和工作人员的心理健康影响需要增加支持方案的提供。需要不断努力监测学生和员工的健康需求。加强学生和教职员心理健康的正式和非正式方法应持续到恢复期。

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引用次数: 0

Revising and evaluating falls prevention education for older adults in hospital 医院老年人预防跌倒教育的修订与评价

4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231204329

Jacqueline Francis-Coad, Melanie K Farlie, Terry Haines, Linda Black, Tammy Weselman, Philippa Cummings, Anne-Marie Hill

Objective: Partnering with patients and staff to develop and evaluate falls prevention education could better enable patient learning and engagement. This study aimed to create a revised version of the Safe Recovery falls prevention education programme in partnership with older patients and hospital staff, to improve patient engagement in undertaking falls preventive strategies in hospital. Design: Two-phase sequential mixed methods participatory design. Setting: Hospital rehabilitation wards in Western Australia. Method: Phase 1: older patients ( n = 10) and staff ( n = 10) were surveyed before and after original programme delivery to ascertain their reaction and learning. Consumer-focused discussions were undertaken with staff and patients online to inform programme revision. A patient video and workbook were co-produced, and staff were trained to deliver the revised programme. Phase 2: older patients ( n = 10) and staff ( n = 10) were surveyed before and after receiving the revised programme to gain reactions and learning. Deductive content analysis and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to analyse the qualitative and quantitative data. Results: Patients and staff perceived the original programme to be outdated and expressed low levels of satisfaction with the original resources. In contrast, both patients and staff were highly satisfied with the revised programme. Both original and revised Safe Recovery programme patient groups demonstrated significant improvements in knowledge and awareness to reduce their risk of falling after receiving the education ( p = .008, p = .005, respectively). However, patients receiving the revised programme were significantly more likely to intend to take action ( p = .024) and have a clear action plan ( p = .010). Staff perceived that the revised resources showed significant improvements in aesthetic appeal ( p = .007) and ability to engage patients in learning ( p = .007). Conclusion: Patients and staff contributed to successfully revising the Safe Recovery programme with positive reactions to the co-produced resources. Participating in falls education significantly improved older patients’ knowledge and attitudes regarding falls prevention.

目的:与患者和工作人员合作开发和评估预防跌倒教育可以更好地使患者学习和参与。这项研究的目的是与老年患者和医院工作人员合作，制定安全康复预防跌倒教育方案的修订版，以提高患者在医院实施预防跌倒战略的参与度。设计:两阶段顺序混合方法参与式设计。地点:西澳大利亚州的医院康复病房。方法:第一阶段:对老年患者(n = 10)和工作人员(n = 10)在原始方案实施前后进行调查，了解他们的反应和学习情况。在网上与工作人员和患者进行了以消费者为中心的讨论，以便为方案修订提供信息。联合制作了病人录像和工作手册，并对工作人员进行了培训，以执行修订后的方案。第二阶段:在接受修订方案前后对老年患者(n = 10)和工作人员(n = 10)进行调查，以获得反应和学习情况。采用演绎内容分析和Wilcoxon符号秩检验对定性和定量数据进行分析。结果:患者和工作人员认为原方案已经过时，对原资源的满意度较低。相比之下，患者和工作人员对修订后的方案都非常满意。原始和修订的安全康复计划患者组在接受教育后，在知识和意识方面都有显著提高，以减少跌倒的风险(p = 0.008, p = 0.005)。然而，接受修订方案的患者更有可能采取行动(p = 0.024)，并有明确的行动计划(p = 0.010)。工作人员认为，修订后的资源在美学吸引力(p = .007)和吸引患者学习的能力(p = .007)方面有显著改善。结论:患者和工作人员对共同制作的资源做出了积极的反应，为成功修订安全康复方案做出了贡献。参与跌倒教育可显著改善老年患者预防跌倒的知识和态度。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of a diabetes educator-led clinic on the control of type 1 diabetes among adults 糖尿病教育者主导的临床对成人1型糖尿病控制的影响

4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231202751

Omer Abdullah AsSaigal, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Saigul, Khalid MA Almutairi

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is on the rise globally. Patient education is a major cornerstone in diabetes management. Diabetes educators play a pivotal role in educating patients with diabetes mellitus. Objectives: To estimate the impact of a diabetes educator-led clinic on the control of T1DM among adults. This was measured through mean changes in HbA1c levels and alterations in perceived dietary and physical activity compliance among patients attending a Diabetes Centre in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: We enrolled 97 adult T1DM patients in a quasi-experimental study, conducted at a certified diabetes educator-led clinic. All patients were followed up for 6 months pre-intervention and for a minimum of 6 months post-intervention. Patients’ weight, self-monitoring of blood glucose, hypoglycaemic events frequency, HbA1c level and lipid profiles were routinely recorded. In addition, compliance with advice on dietary plan and physical activity recommendations was also assessed at the pre-intervention, baseline and post-intervention stages. Results: Post-intervention, participants reported better compliance with dietary and physical activity advice. Fewer hypoglycaemic events and higher self-monitoring of blood glucose frequencies were also noted. While there was no significant difference between pre-intervention and baseline mean HbA1c levels, mean baseline and post-intervention HbA1c levels showed a clinical and statistically significant difference of 1.01 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74–1.28). Mean low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride differences also showed small but significant changes. Conclusion: Attendance at a diabetes educator-led clinic had a positive and significant impact on the control of T1DM among adults. We recommend diabetes educator employment at outpatient clinics for adults with T1DM.

背景:1型糖尿病(T1DM)在全球呈上升趋势。患者教育是糖尿病管理的重要基石。糖尿病教育者在糖尿病患者的教育中起着至关重要的作用。目的:评估糖尿病教育者主导的诊所对成人T1DM控制的影响。这是通过在沙特阿拉伯卡西姆地区糖尿病中心就诊的患者中HbA1c水平的平均变化以及感知饮食和身体活动依从性的改变来测量的。方法:我们在一家经认证的糖尿病教育者领导的诊所招募了97名成年T1DM患者进行一项准实验研究。所有患者在干预前随访6个月，干预后随访至少6个月。常规记录患者体重、自我血糖监测、低血糖事件发生频率、糖化血红蛋白水平和血脂。此外，还在干预前、基线和干预后阶段对饮食计划和体育活动建议的依从性进行了评估。结果:干预后，参与者报告更好地遵守了饮食和身体活动建议。低血糖事件减少，自我血糖监测频率提高。干预前平均糖化血红蛋白水平与基线水平无显著差异，但基线平均糖化血红蛋白水平与干预后平均糖化血红蛋白水平的临床和统计学差异为1.01(95%可信区间[CI]: 0.74-1.28)。平均低密度脂蛋白(LDL)和甘油三酯差异也显示出微小但显著的变化。结论:参加糖尿病教育者主导的诊所对成人T1DM的控制有积极而显著的影响。我们推荐糖尿病教育工作者在门诊为成人T1DM。

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引用次数: 0

Pilot of an early intervention programme for low-risk persons who use drugs in the Philippines 菲律宾针对低风险吸毒者的早期干预方案试点

4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231203973

Jim Rey R Baloloy, Maria Regina Hechanova, Trixia Anne C Co, Patrick Louis B Angeles

Objective: The aim of this study was to pilot and evaluate the feasibility of an early intervention programme for low-risk drug users in the Philippines. Design: The early intervention consists of three sessions delivered by paraprofessionals focusing on stress, wellbeing, substance use, family and drug use and communication skills. The study was conducted in two phases. In the pilot phase, a randomised controlled trial design was used. In the second phase, a larger field cohort evaluation study design was implemented. Setting: The randomised controlled trial in the first phase was undertaken in four local government units (LGUs). The second phase took place in 13 LGUs in three island clusters in the Philippines. Methods: In the first phase, 42 low-risk users from three urban and one rural community were randomly assigned to treatment and wait-control groups. In the second phase, 744 low-risk users undertook the programme. In both phases, the pretest and posttest measured recovery skills, life skills, quality of life, perceived family support, wellbeing and intent to use drugs. Results: In the first phase, analysis of variance with repeated measures revealed significant differences in pretest and posttest scores in recovery skills and quality of life of participants compared to those who did not participate in the programmes. In the second phase, paired-sample t-test revealed significant improvements in terms of recovery skills, life skills, quality of life, perceived family support, wellbeing and intent to use drugs. Path analysis provided support for the programme’s theory of change. Facilitators perceived the programme to be effective and easy to implement. Conclusions: The study suggests that an early intervention focusing on mental health and substance use delivered by paraprofessionals may be a viable means to reduce drug use and improve mental health in countries such as the Philippines that have little resources and scarce mental health professionals.

目的:本研究的目的是试点和评估菲律宾低风险吸毒者早期干预方案的可行性。设计:早期干预包括由辅助专业人员提供的三个会议，重点关注压力、健康、物质使用、家庭和药物使用以及沟通技巧。这项研究分两个阶段进行。在试验阶段，采用随机对照试验设计。在第二阶段，实施了一个更大的现场队列评估研究设计。环境:第一阶段的随机对照试验在四个地方政府单位(lgu)进行。第二阶段在菲律宾三个岛群的13个地方政府单位进行。方法:在第一阶段，将来自3个城市社区和1个农村社区的42名低风险使用者随机分为治疗组和等待对照组。在第二阶段，744名低风险使用者参与了该计划。在这两个阶段，前测和后测分别测量了康复技能、生活技能、生活质量、感知到的家庭支持、幸福感和吸毒意图。结果:在第一阶段，反复测量的方差分析显示，与未参加计划的参与者相比，参与者在恢复技能和生活质量方面的测试前和测试后得分存在显著差异。在第二阶段，配对样本t检验显示在康复技能、生活技能、生活质量、感知家庭支持、幸福感和吸毒意图方面有显著改善。路径分析为该方案的变化理论提供了支持。主持人认为该方案有效且易于执行。结论:该研究表明，在菲律宾等资源少、精神卫生专业人员稀缺的国家，由辅助专业人员提供的以精神卫生和物质使用为重点的早期干预可能是减少吸毒和改善精神卫生的可行手段。

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引用次数: 0

Aortic disease 101: Breaking down myths of type A aortic dissection for patients and families 主动脉疾病101:为患者和家属打破A型主动脉夹层的神话

4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-10-06 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231203137

Caroline D Martin, Michelle Ruiz, Anne Sorrell, Samuel F Sears, Gretchen McCarrick, Michael J Bates, Benjamin C Degner

Objectives: Patients with Type A aortic dissections are often overwhelmed by the influx of new information and changes necessary to adjust to life with an aortic disease. This article uses psychoeducation about life after dissection to dispel common myths about aortic disease and empower patients to live full lives. It is written in clear and easy-to-understand language to maximise patient comprehension and knowledge of their condition to help them feel more confident after Type A aortic dissection. Design: An interdisciplinary group of professionals (including cardiothoracic surgeons, a clinical cardiac psychologist, clinical cardiac psychology trainees, and genetic counsellors) were asked about their interest in creating an article written for patients who have undergone Type A aortic dissection repair. Those who agreed were then asked to report some of the myths commonly heard in practice about the procedure and its ramifications. Setting: The myths confronted in this article come from professionals working for a comprehensive heart care institute, the East Carolina Heart Institute in Greenville, NC, USA and Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, MD, USA. Methods: A multi-disciplinary group of professionals focused on aortic disease contributed myths commonly reported by patients seen in practice. Results: Common myths are presented and include safety fears about physical activity, diet, and recurrence of aortic dissection. By educating yourself about the facts of your diagnosis, you can feel as though you have more control over your health and your life. Conclusion: The takedown of common myths about life post-dissection can be helpful for patients with aortic disease and their families. Understanding the facts about a loved one’s new diagnosis can help partners and caregivers to be more fully involved in the patient’s care and feel confident. An important limitation of the present work is the lack of prior research on patient quality of life and mental health following Type A aortic dissection. Future work should explore the unique mental health needs of patients with aortic disease to create interventions that target mental health symptomatology to help patients live longer, healthier and richer lives.

目的:A型主动脉夹层患者经常被大量涌入的新信息和必要的变化所淹没，以适应主动脉疾病的生活。本文通过解剖后的生活心理教育，消除对主动脉疾病的常见误解，使患者能够过上充实的生活。它以清晰易懂的语言书写，以最大限度地提高患者对其病情的理解和知识，帮助他们在A型主动脉夹层后感到更自信。设计:一组跨学科的专业人员(包括心胸外科医生、临床心脏心理学家、临床心脏心理学实习生和遗传咨询师)被问及是否有兴趣为接受a型主动脉夹层修复的患者撰写一篇文章。那些同意的人随后被要求报告一些在实践中经常听到的关于手术及其后果的神话。背景:本文面对的误区来自于一家综合性心脏护理机构的专业人士，美国北卡罗来纳州格林维尔的东卡罗莱纳心脏研究所和美国马里兰州巴尔的摩的约翰霍普金斯医院。方法:一个多学科的专业小组专注于主动脉疾病，贡献了实践中常见的患者报告的神话。结果:提出了常见的误解，包括对身体活动、饮食和主动脉夹层复发的安全担忧。通过让自己了解诊断的事实，你会觉得你对自己的健康和生活有了更多的控制。结论:破除主动脉夹层后的生活误区，对主动脉病变患者及其家属有一定的帮助。了解所爱之人新诊断的事实可以帮助伴侣和护理人员更充分地参与病人的护理并感到自信。目前工作的一个重要局限性是缺乏对A型主动脉夹层患者生活质量和心理健康的前期研究。未来的工作应该探索主动脉疾病患者独特的心理健康需求，以创造针对心理健康症状的干预措施，帮助患者活得更长、更健康、更丰富。

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引用次数: 0

Development and refinement of a corner-based injury prevention programme for Latino day labourers. 为拉丁裔日工制定和完善基于角落的伤害预防方案。

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-03 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231175808

Andrew E Springer, Yesmel King, Craig Field, Martha Alicia Ojeda, Louis Brown, Celeste Monforton, Rodrigo Hernandez, Pamela Diamond, John Atkinson, Maria Eugenia Fernández-Esquer

Objective: Latino day labourers (LDLs) in the USA are at increased risk for non-fatal and fatal occupational injuries, which are compounded by stressors that include wage theft, job insecurity and discrimination. This paper describes the development and refinement of Vales+Tú (You are Worthy of More), an injury prevention programme currently being evaluated as part of a cluster randomised trial in which health promotion is taken directly to the 'corners' (e.g. street corners, home improvement store parking lots, and public parks) where workers gather to seek employment.

Design: Vales+Tú comprises two corner-based intervention approaches, group problem-solving (small group discussions) and brief motivational interviewing (one-on-one dialogue), that aim to activate LDL agency to control their safety and that of their peers.

Setting: Corners in Houston, Texas, where LDLs seek employment.

Method: Intervention Mapping informed the refinement of Vales+Tú for the current trial. We provide a narrative review of the development process based on needs assessment and formative development activities (surveys, focus group discussions and pilot tests).

Results: In addition to documenting the need for LDL injury prevention, with 20.2%-41.6% of Houston-based LDLs surveyed between 2013-2014 and 2019 reporting a severe work-related injury in the past year, we describe key facets of the Vales+Tú corner-based intervention approaches - including their theoretical basis and LDL-centred activities, as well as enhancements made informed by formative evaluation.

Conclusion: The community-engaged development process of Vales+Tú resulted in two practical intervention approaches that can be adopted by worker centres and other organisations to promote LDL worker safety.

目标：美国的拉丁裔日工（LDL）遭受非致命和致命职业伤害的风险增加，工资盗窃、工作不安全和歧视等压力因素加剧了这种风险。本文描述了Vales+Tú（You are Worthy of More）的发展和完善，这是一项伤害预防计划，目前正在作为一项集群随机试验的一部分进行评估，在该试验中，健康促进被直接带到工人聚集就业的“角落”（如街角、家居装修商店停车场和公共公园）。设计：Vales+Tú包括两种基于角落的干预方法，即小组解决问题（小组讨论）和简短的动机访谈（一对一对话），旨在激活LDL代理，以控制他们和同龄人的安全。背景：德克萨斯州休斯顿的角落，LDL在那里寻找工作。方法：干预标测为当前试验提供Vales+Tú的改进。我们根据需求评估和形成性发展活动（调查、焦点小组讨论和试点测试）对发展过程进行了叙述性审查，我们描述了基于Vales+Túcorner的干预方法的关键方面，包括其理论基础和以低密度脂蛋白为中心的活动，以及通过形成性评估所做的改进。结论：Vales+Tú的社区参与发展过程产生了两种实用的干预方法，工人中心和其他组织可以采用这种方法来促进低密度脂蛋白工人的安全。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the effectiveness of a school educational video on cancer and radiotherapy 评估一段有关癌症及放射治疗的学校教育录影带的效果

4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231200166

Masanari Minamitani, Atsuto Katano, Keiichi Nakagawa

Background: Japan has recently begun introducing educational programmes on cancer as part of health and physical education (HPE) classes in schools. In support of this work, the Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology has developed an educational video to enhance children’s understanding of cancer and radiotherapy. Objectives: This study examined the perceived effectiveness of this video among teachers and clarified whether their specialisation played a role in their responses. Methods: An online survey was administered to junior and senior high school teachers without a history of cancer. Respondents’ demographic characteristics, healthy lifestyle habits, anxiety about cancer treatment and knowledge about cancer and radiotherapy were surveyed pre- and post-video. We compared the data from science teachers, HPE teachers and teachers of other specialties. Subsequently, we performed a multiple logistic regression analysis to estimate significant factors that predicted post-watch correct-answer rates. Results: Science teachers were less anxious about radiotherapy and surgery than the other-specialty teachers. They were also the most knowledgeable about cancer and radiotherapy. Post-viewing correct-answer rates improved, except for questions about the work of medical physicists and damage to normal cells. The multiple regression analysis identified age (β = .07), sex (β = .08), anxiety about radiotherapy (β = −.09) and pre-video correct-answer rates (β = .46) as significant factors predicting post-watch correct-answer rates. Conclusion: The video was beneficial in enhancing teachers’ understanding of cancer and radiotherapy. Compared with HPE and other-specialty teachers, science teachers were superior in terms of cancer and radiotherapy comprehension. There may be value in exploring possibilities for cross-disciplinary instruction involving not only HPE but also science teachers in cancer education, especially radiotherapy education.

背景:日本最近开始引入关于癌症的教育方案，作为学校健康和体育课程的一部分。为了支持这项工作，日本放射肿瘤学协会制作了一个教育视频，以提高儿童对癌症和放射治疗的认识。目的:本研究考察了教师对该视频的感知有效性，并澄清了他们的专业是否在他们的反应中发挥了作用。方法:对无癌症病史的初中和高中教师进行在线调查。调查调查对象的人口统计学特征、健康生活习惯、对癌症治疗的焦虑以及对癌症和放疗的知识。我们比较了理科教师、HPE教师和其他专业教师的数据。随后，我们进行了多元逻辑回归分析，以估计预测观看后正确答案率的重要因素。结果:理科教师对放疗和手术的焦虑程度低于其他专业教师。他们也是最了解癌症和放射治疗的人。除了关于医学物理学家的工作和对正常细胞的损害的问题外，观看后的正确率有所提高。多元回归分析发现，年龄(β = 0.07)、性别(β = 0.08)、放疗焦虑(β = - 0.09)和视频前正确率(β = 0.46)是预测观看后正确率的显著因素。结论:该视频有助于提高教师对肿瘤及放疗的认识。理科教师对肿瘤和放疗的理解程度优于其他专业教师。探索跨学科教学的可能性，不仅包括HPE，而且包括科学教师在癌症教育，特别是放射治疗教育方面的可能性，可能是有价值的。

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引用次数: 0

The use of extended reality (XR) in patient education: A critical perspective 扩展现实(XR)在患者教育中的应用:一个批判的视角

4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231198955

Vernon R Curran, Ann Hollett

Objective: Extended reality (XR) has emerged as an innovative educational modality that offers the potential for the creation of more interactive and engaging forms of patient education experiences and products. The purpose of this article is to describe the field of XR technologies and review its potential through a critical lens as well as its possible adoption as a mainstream technology for providing patient education in the future. Method: A review of the literature was undertaken to summarise the emerging evidence concerning the effectiveness of XR as a patient education modality. The findings of several reviews are summarised and a critical discussion of potential issues and challenges in the adoption and use of XR among particular marginalised populations are explored. Results: The emerging evidence suggests that different forms of XR technology applications have the potential to create immersive and engaging patient education experiences that can lead to enhanced patient satisfaction, positive educational outcomes and reduced patient anxiety. Nonetheless, there have been calls for greater consideration of how patient characteristics, including socioeconomic status, gender, cultural and generational differences, influence the learning effects of virtual reality educational applications, as well as its adoption and implementation for patient education purposes. Conclusion: The evidence surrounding the effectiveness of XR in patient education is growing; however, various factors could influence the successful adoption and implementation of XR in different patient populations who have traditionally experienced challenges with digital health literacy. The paper offers some recommendations for enhancing the evidence base and potential approaches to advance the design and evaluation of XR applications in patient education.

目的:扩展现实(XR)已经成为一种创新的教育模式，为创造更具互动性和吸引力的患者教育体验和产品形式提供了潜力。本文的目的是描述XR技术领域，并通过关键镜头回顾其潜力，以及它在未来作为提供患者教育的主流技术的可能性。方法:回顾文献，总结有关XR作为患者教育方式有效性的新证据。总结了几项审查的结果，并探讨了在特定边缘人群中采用和使用XR的潜在问题和挑战。结果:新出现的证据表明，不同形式的XR技术应用有可能创造身临其境、引人入胜的患者教育体验，从而提高患者满意度，取得积极的教育成果，减少患者焦虑。尽管如此，仍有人呼吁更多地考虑患者特征，包括社会经济地位、性别、文化和代际差异，如何影响虚拟现实教育应用的学习效果，以及为患者教育目的采用和实施虚拟现实。结论:关于XR在患者教育中的有效性的证据越来越多;然而，各种因素可能会影响在传统上面临数字卫生素养挑战的不同患者群体中成功采用和实施XR。本文提出了增强证据基础的建议，并提出了推进XR在患者教育中应用的设计和评估的潜在途径。

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引用次数: 0

COVID-19 public health lessons in science class boost knowledge and efficacy beliefs 科学课上的COVID-19公共卫生课程促进了知识和功效信念

4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231198951

Peter Boedeker, Alana Newell, Nancy Moreno

Background: Integrating public health into science courses helps students grasp the links between health recommendations and scientific principles. During COVID-19, a team of 19 educators, scientists and clinicians designed 25 science inquiry lessons to enhance disease knowledge and prevention strategies among school-aged children. The efficacy of two lessons was evaluated. Design: Pre-/post-evaluation; both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. Setting: Teachers (24 elementary and 26 high school) and their students (562 elementary, 8–9 years old; 1,271 high school, 14–15 years old) participated from schools in Houston, TX, USA. Method: Lessons were delivered in Spring 2021. Teachers completed evaluation surveys using Likert-type and open-ended items. Students completed pre- and post-assessments of COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes towards science and confidence in their knowledge of COVID-19 and vaccine science. Results: Over 80% of teachers agreed that they would use the lessons again and felt more confident in their abilities to teach about COVID-19 after using the lessons. Teachers reported students’ heightened interest in health professions and discussing the presented topics. High school students gained basic recall knowledge, but there was little change on items related to in-depth science concepts or attitudes. Elementary students demonstrated gains on items related to the scientific rationale underlying public health recommendations and confidence in their abilities to protect themselves from COVID-19. Conclusion: The integration of health information into science teaching helps learners understand the science behind public health recommendations and increases teachers’ preparedness and comfort levels with these topics. Even short-term supplementary lessons can have a positive impact on knowledge and attitudes. Effects were particularly positive with elementary students, who should be included in future public health education efforts. Partnerships between schools and health organisations are vital for the rapid development and integration of lessons that are accurate and informative. The lessons evaluated in this paper are freely available online.

背景:将公共卫生纳入科学课程有助于学生掌握健康建议与科学原理之间的联系。在2019冠状病毒病期间，一个由19名教育工作者、科学家和临床医生组成的小组设计了25门科学探究课，以加强学龄儿童的疾病知识和预防战略。对两节课的效果进行了评价。设计:前/后评价;收集了定量和定性数据。环境:教师(24名小学教师和26名高中教师)和学生(562名小学教师，8-9岁;1271名高中学生(14-15岁)来自美国德克萨斯州休斯顿的学校。方法:2021年春季授课。教师使用李克特式和开放式项目完成评估调查。学生们完成了对COVID-19知识、对科学的态度以及对自己COVID-19和疫苗科学知识的信心的前后评估。结果:超过80%的教师同意他们会再次使用课程，并且在使用课程后对自己的COVID-19教学能力更有信心。教师报告说，学生对卫生专业和讨论所提出的主题的兴趣增加了。高中生获得了基本的回忆知识，但与深度科学概念或态度相关的项目变化不大。小学生在与公共卫生建议的科学依据相关的项目上有所收获，并对自己保护自己免受COVID-19侵害的能力充满信心。结论:将健康信息整合到科学教学中有助于学习者理解公共卫生建议背后的科学，并提高教师对这些主题的准备和适应程度。即使是短期的补充课程也能对知识和态度产生积极的影响。对小学生的影响尤其积极，他们应该被纳入未来的公共卫生教育工作中。学校和卫生组织之间的伙伴关系对于快速开发和整合准确和信息丰富的课程至关重要。本文评估的课程可在网上免费获得。

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引用次数: 0

Early and slow weight loss responders’ perceptions of an adaptive diabetes prevention trial: A qualitative perspective 早期和缓慢减肥反应者对适应性糖尿病预防试验的看法:定性视角

4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Health Education Journal

Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1177/00178969231198956

Danielle King, Carla K Miller, Jennifer S Cheavens, Kentaro Fujita

Objective: Behavioural weight loss interventions demonstrate success on average, yet participants who respond more slowly may benefit from an augmented, tailored approach. Thus, an augmented intervention for early, slow weight loss responders was implemented. This qualitative analysis explored participants’ perceptions of and experiences of the 12-month weight loss programme to inform future intervention development and implementation. Design: Individual interviews were conducted post-treatment. In-person, in-depth interviews were offered prior to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic; videoconferencing interviews were offered following the pandemic onset. Setting: A Midwestern US university workplace. Method: Adults ⩾ 21 years old with overweight or obesity and prediabetes ( n = 39) were recruited and volunteered to participate in a semi-structured interview. Results: Content analysis identified recurring themes among early and early slow weight loss responders. Social support received during weekly group sessions was a critical intervention component. Some early slow responders expressed difficulty with self-regulatory strategies such as setting specific yet attainable goals, and requested additional contact prior to the maintenance study phase – treatment randomisation at month 5 disrupted group dynamics. Early slow responders who received the intervention via videoconferencing believed the format interfered with their ability to establish friendships with other participants and gain insight and support from others’ lived experiences. Conclusion: Weight loss interventions may be more efficacious when considering participant heterogeneity during implementation of behavioural strategies. Findings suggest early slow weight loss responders may benefit from greater emphasis on goal setting and striving, agentic thinking, and social support. Future research is needed to examine the implications of these insights on intervention outcomes.

目的:行为减肥干预平均显示成功，但反应较慢的参与者可能受益于增强的，量身定制的方法。因此，对早期、缓慢的体重减轻反应者实施了增强干预。本定性分析探讨了参与者对12个月减肥计划的看法和经验，为未来干预措施的制定和实施提供信息。设计:治疗后进行个体访谈。在严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)大流行之前，进行了面对面的深入采访;大流行爆发后，提供了视频会议采访。背景:美国中西部一所大学的工作场所。方法:招募年龄小于或等于21岁的超重或肥胖和前驱糖尿病(n = 39)的成年人并自愿参加半结构化访谈。结果:内容分析确定了早期和早期缓慢减肥应答者中反复出现的主题。在每周小组会议期间获得的社会支持是一个关键的干预组成部分。一些早期反应缓慢的患者表达了自我调节策略的困难，如设定具体但可实现的目标，并要求在维持研究阶段之前进行额外的联系——第5个月的随机化治疗扰乱了群体动力学。早期反应缓慢的人通过视频会议接受干预，他们认为这种形式干扰了他们与其他参与者建立友谊的能力，并从其他人的生活经历中获得洞察力和支持。结论:在行为策略的实施过程中，考虑到参与者的异质性，减肥干预可能更有效。研究结果表明，早期的缓慢减肥反应者可能受益于更多的目标设定和努力，代理思维和社会支持。未来的研究需要检验这些见解对干预结果的影响。

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引用次数: 0