Child Abuse Review最新文献

Previous studies have found that emotional neglect in childhood can affect a person's level of mindfulness, and mindfulness is closely related to adult coping styles, but there is a lack of research on the relationship between the three concepts. The objective of this study was to test whether the level of mindfulness mediates the relationship between childhood emotional neglect and adult coping styles. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) were administered to 691 Chinese subjects to investigate the relationship between childhood emotional neglect, mindfulness levels and coping styles. Childhood emotional neglect was negatively correlated with mindfulness, positively correlated with positive coping style and negatively correlated with negative coping styles. Furthermore, mindfulness serves as a complete mediator between childhood emotional neglect and negative coping styles. Mindfulness interventions may assist individuals who experienced emotional neglect during childhood in developing healthier coping strategies.

Human trafficking violates the rights of victims and is also a highly debatable issue within academia, legal and policy discourses as well as in professional practice, with a focus on children and the children's agency. Accessing the narratives of survivors, which mirror the trauma endured, feelings and thoughts, is also a crucial concern of professionals in the field of after-trafficking care. At the end of most interventions, reintegration is inevitable. Meanwhile, some children have been found to have returned to the trafficking conditions they were rescued from. This demonstrates a gap in the rescue and return anti-trafficking intervention policies that could be bridged by integrating the voices of survivors into policy formulation and execution. Recognising the importance of survivor narratives, the current study adopting a social constructionist perspective and narrative approach accessed the survivor narratives of five children rescued from trafficking on Lake Volta using drawing. The study found that the children were trafficked in an organised manner, separated from their familiar environment and social capital, and abused enroute and at destination points. The study suggests governmental empowerment of child welfare institutions to work in close contact with families as a preventive measure against child trafficking. A call is also made to the Ghana Education Service and all stakeholders to collaborate in educating children against well-meaning cultures that could be a tool of exploitation.

Family physicians are uniquely positioned to identify and manage child abuse and neglect (CAN) cases in primary care. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary, case-based training programme designed to enhance family physicians' knowledge and perceived competence in recognizing and managing CAN cases. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Istanbul, Türkiye, between January and October 2023. A full-day, face-to-face training with theoretical and case discussions was provided to volunteer family physicians. Participants completed ‘Diagnosis Scale of the Risks and Symptoms of Child Abuse and Neglect’ (DSRSCAN) pretraining, posttraining and 6 months later and the ‘Perceived Competence Scale in the Management of Child Abuse and Neglect Cases for Family Physicians’ (PCS-RM-CAN) pretraining and 6 months later. Data were analysed using SPSS 26, employing Mann–Whitney Test, Wilcoxon, Kruskal–Wallis, Friedman and Spearman tests. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Thirty-eight family physicians (76% female; mean age: 33.1 ± 8 years) participated. The average DSRSCAN score increased from 4.07 ± 0.35 pretraining to 4.50 ± 0.36 posttraining and 4.40 ± 0.40 at 6 months (p < 0.001). PCS-RM-CAN scores improved from 29.7 ± 8 pretraining to 42.7 ± 5 at 6 months (p < 0.001). The programme significantly improved family physicians' CAN-related knowledge and competence. Periodic training is recommended for skill retention and long-term impact.

Previous studies have primarily focused on the risk factors for adolescent depression and aggression, with insufficient research exploring the protective factors for psychosocial development from positive psychology perspective. Particularly in the context of the digital age, the role of problematic social media use in the mechanisms underlying these relationships has yet to be investigated in the Chinese context. This study aims to examine the direct effects of resilience and self-control as personality traits on adolescent internalizing and externalizing outcomes, investigate the mediating role of problematic social media use and the gender differences. Using multi-stage cluster random sampling method, this study recruited 960 adolescents (mean = 14.9, 50.6% females) from S city for a self-administered questionnaire survey. Structural equation modelling is employed to validate the proposed theoretical hypotheses. The results show that both resilience and self-control have significant direct effects on adolescent depression and aggression. Additionally, problematic social media use plays a partial mediating role among resilience, self-control, depression and aggression. Gender only moderates the path from problematic social media use to depression, with the effect being stronger for female adolescents than for males. This study not only provides a new theoretical framework for understanding adolescents' psychological and behavioural mechanisms in the digital era but also provides evidence-based support for social work interventions addressing social media use and psychosocial development of adolescents.

Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences. Preventing child maltreatment before it starts is possible and requires a multisectoral approach. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the ability to determine symptoms and risks of child abuse and neglect in midwifery and nursing students. The population of this descriptive study consisted of a total of 882 midwifery and nursing students studying in the Faculty of Health Sciences of a university in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. The sample included a total of 719 midwifery and nursing students who agreed to participate in the study. Of the students, 60.5% (n = 435) were nursing students, and 39.5% (n = 284) were midwifery students. The study was conducted between April and May 2017. The data were collected with the Personal Information Form and the Scale for Determining Symptoms and Risks of Child Abuse and Neglect (SDSRCAN) and were analysed using the SPSS 21 software program. The analysis involved descriptive statistics, t test, ANOVA and post hoc Tukey HSD test. The mean score of the students on the SDSRCAN was 3.64 ± 0.40, with subscale mean scores ranging from 3.23 ± 0.62 to 3.92 ± 0.62. Female students, midwifery students, those who were older and those with more years of university education had statistically significantly higher mean scores on the SDSRCAN and its subscales. This study identified a deficiency in the ability to determine, as the mean SDSRCAN score among nursing and midwifery students fell below the desired threshold of 5.0. It is recommended that more training be provided to enhance the ability to determine symptoms and risks of child abuse and neglect among nursing and midwifery students.

This study explores the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between ACEs and psychological distress among emerging adults. The study initially recruited 426 university students aged 18–25 from various regions of Türkiye. After excluding incomplete or invalid responses, the final analysis was conducted with 380 participants. Exposure to ACEs was assessed using the 10-item ACEs Questionnaire (ACE-Q), psychological distress was measured with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and resilience was evaluated via the Short Psychological Resilience Scale. Findings revealed that ACEs and resilience together accounted for 29% of the variance in depression, 31% in anxiety and 38% in stress. ACEs were significantly associated with higher levels of psychological distress, whereas resilience was negatively associated with depression, anxiety and stress. Moreover, resilience demonstrated a protective role, buffering the detrimental effects of childhood adversity on mental health outcomes. These results highlight the complex interplay between early adverse experiences and individual coping mechanisms, emphasizing the importance of resilience as a mediating factor. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions that focus on enhancing resilience to mitigate the long-term impact of ACEs. By fostering resilience, mental health outcomes for individuals with a history of childhood adversity can be significantly improved, reducing psychological distress and promoting overall well-being.