Child Abuse Review最新文献

Child abuse and neglect (CAN) continues to be a significant public health problem with lifelong implications. Nursing students are expected to play a crucial role in the early recognition and reporting of CAN; however, educational inadequacies persist, particularly in recognising emotional abuse and neglect. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured case-based education program in improving nursing students' knowledge and awareness of CAN in Türkiye. A quasi-experimental, single-group pretest–posttest design was used with 74 second-year nursing students. Data were collected pre- and post-intervention using the Child Abuse and Neglect Knowledge and Awareness Scale and a word association activity via Mentimeter. Descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests were used to analyse the data. Quantitative analysis revealed a significant improvement only in the ‘Characteristics of Parents Prone to Neglect and Abuse’ subscale (p < 0.05), whereas no significant change was found in the total score or other subscales. However, qualitative findings from the word association activity indicated a significant shift in students' perceptions. Before the intervention, students primarily associated CAN with physical abuse (e.g., ‘violence,’ ‘rape’), whereas postintervention responses included a broader understanding encompassing neglect and emotional abuse. The structured case-based education program yielded modest yet targeted quantitative effects, while fostering a deeper conceptual understanding of CAN. These results underscore the value of incorporating interactive and reflective strategies into nursing curricula to improve recognition of less visible forms of abuse. Further research employing control groups and extended follow-up periods is warranted to confirm and expand upon these findings.

Concerns relating to child sexual exploitation (CSE) are increasing within the UK, with safeguarding policy and practice moving towards a multiagency approach to identifying and managing this form of abuse. Traditionally, collaborative approaches have primarily involved statutory organisations, with the knowledge and expertise of third sector organisations being overlooked. This research, therefore, aimed to explore the role and impact of a specialised third sector service on supporting young people at risk of CSE. Located in the north of England, the service provided a child-centred, therapeutic approach to exploring CSE. Observations and interviews with young people (n = 4), professionals from the specialised service (n = 7) and other safeguarding professionals (n = 7) were conducted. A thematic analysis was conducted across all interview transcripts, with three broad themes emerging: defining CSE, labelling CSE, and impact of service. Through this process, the paper compares the perspectives of young people referred to the service with those of professionals linked to the service. Recommendations around best practice are presented towards the end of the paper, with the importance of including voices of young people in the design and delivery of CSE support being highlighted.

Only a limited number of studies have investigated the impact of neglect on young children. Our research constitutes an initial attempt to examine the severity of neglect experienced in early childhood and its association with measures of neuropsychological and emotional-behavioural functioning. Fifty children, aged 5–7 years, with a history of neglect and an IQ score above 70, were selected and categorized into three groups based on the severity of their neglect. We assessed cognitive reasoning, short- and long-term memory skills, visual and auditory attention, emotional-behavioural problems and post-traumatic outcomes in children. A significant correlation was found only within the long-term memory domain, particularly between the severity of neglect and episodic memory as assessed by the Word-list Learning Task. However, no significant correlations were detected between the other neuropsychological measures and the severity of neglect. Furthermore, we qualitatively observed that difficulties in auditory attention and long-term memory, as well as internalizing and externalizing symptoms, were present in more than half of the participants. Our preliminary results, derived from a small cohort of children, underscore the importance of early evaluation to target clinical and educational interventions for young children with histories of caregiving neglect.

This study investigates the nuanced dynamics between parental smartphone dependency and its influence on child smartphone engagement and problematic use in South Korea, against the backdrop of the increasing prevalence of digital devices in family life. Drawing on the 2022 Korean Survey on Smartphone Overdependence by the National Information Society Agency, which sampled 1540 respondents, this research aims to uncover how parental behaviour, alongside demographic variables such as gender, marital status and education on preventing overdependence, affects children's digital habits. Utilizing partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) for analysis, the findings reveal significant, albeit moderate, relationships between parent smartphone dependency and child smartphone engagement, as well as child problematic use, with variations across different demographics. Girls showed higher engagement influenced by parental use than boys, while the effects of parental dependency did not significantly differ by marital status. Notably, parental education on preventing overdependence played a complex role in moderating these relationships. These insights emphasize the critical need for targeted educational interventions for parents and children to foster healthier digital habits. The study underscores the importance of considering demographic nuances in addressing smartphone overdependence, offering valuable implications for practitioners in digital education and policy-making.

Considerable research demonstrates that childhood emotional abuse exerts long-term, deleterious effects on adult mental health. The purpose of the current study is to extend this body of work by examining how having social ties to higher or lower-status others moderates the association between childhood emotional abuse and depression in adulthood. This study employed multivariate regression analyses using data from the 2012 Korean General Social Survey (n = 1388). The analyses showed that childhood emotional abuse was positively associated with depression (b = 0.82; p < 0.001). Yet, socializing with lower-status others buffered the positive association of childhood emotional abuse with depression (b = −0.75; p < 0.05). By contrast, socializing with higher-status others failed to moderate the association (b = −0.20; p > 0.10). This study elaborates on the stress process theory by identifying a personal resource that has been understudied in the literature—socializing with lower-status others. The results suggest that interacting with lower-status contacts may act as a countervailing mechanism that mitigates the detrimental association between childhood emotional abuse and adult mental health.

Justifying intimate partner violence (IPV) is itself a well-documented risk factor for both experiencing and perpetrating IPV, yet its downstream effects on child-rearing remain poorly quantified. We link mothers' IPV-justifying attitudes to disciplinary behaviour using nationally representative Wave 6 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey data (2017–2022) from 45 low- and middle-income countries (≈ 200,000 mother–child dyads) harmonized by IPUMS-MICS. Survey-weighted ordinary least-squares models show that IPV justification is associated with a β = 0.075 (p < 0.001) higher value on the composite discipline index. Disaggregated analyses reveal parallel upticks in non-violent (β = 0.075, p < 0.001) and violent (β = 0.044, p < 0.001) methods; multilevel models that account for country clustering confirm these patterns and indicate an even stronger link with violent practices (β = 0.086, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that normalizing IPV extends beyond couple dynamics to shape everyday parenting, subtly amplifying both non-violent and violent discipline. Interventions that challenge IPV-supportive norms should therefore be integrated with positive-parenting programmes to break intergenerational cycles of violence.

Parents have an undeniable role in preventing child sexual abuse (CSA) as a growing global problem. To enhance parents' ability to educate their children, this study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of parents of preschool children regarding CSA prevention in Gorgan City. This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 620 parents of preschool children, using a random sampling method. Data were collected using a demographic form and a Persian version of the ‘Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Questionnaire regarding CSA prevention’. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS 16.0 software. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. The results showed that 62.5% of mothers and 65.1% of fathers had a good level of knowledge about CSA prevention. Also, 85.9% of mothers and 84.3% of fathers had a positive attitude towards CSA prevention education. In terms of performance, 79.35% of mothers and 70.41% of fathers demonstrated effective performance in CSA prevention education. The mean practice score of mothers (5.55 ± 1.17) in CSA prevention was significantly higher than that of fathers (4.92 ± 1.52) (p < 0.001). Despite the lack of formal CSA prevention education in the country, the results showed that more than half of mothers and fathers had good knowledge and performance in CSA prevention. However, fathers had less practice than mothers. Given the positive attitude of the majority of parents towards CSA prevention education for children, it is recommended to plan for educational coverage of a larger percentage of parents, especially fathers.