Pub Date : 2023-11-22DOI: 10.1080/14660970.2023.2284393
Michael J. Schmid, Bryan Charbonnet, David Kurz, Merlin Örencik, Juerg Schmid, Achim Conzelmann
The present study surveyed 57 retired female soccer national team players to examine their athletic, educational, and vocational careers. The respondents achieved higher educational degrees compare...
本研究调查了57名退役女足国家队队员，考察她们的运动、教育和职业生涯。受访者获得的教育程度比……
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This study aims to explain destination attributes that affect football fans’ attendance at away games using a sequential method design. The research developed a scale through a six-phase process, i...
{"title":"Destination attributes on attendance at away football games: scale development, and validation on fans","authors":"Meltem Altinay Ozdemir, Celil Cakici, Zeynep Tombas","doi":"10.1080/14660970.2023.2284389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2023.2284389","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to explain destination attributes that affect football fans’ attendance at away games using a sequential method design. The research developed a scale through a six-phase process, i...","PeriodicalId":47395,"journal":{"name":"Soccer & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138496259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.1080/14660970.2023.2265199
Brice Fossard
ABSTRACTIndochinese women footballers proclaim a degree of liberty and very considerable autonomy; they thus play an essential role in extending women’s emancipation in Indochina. They aim to gain a level of social and human dignity enabling women to assert themselves through an identity of gender more than of social status. This article examines the social, economic and political background of the emergence of the active female figure in the sporting world of Indochina vis-a-vis its European counterpart. It also addresses the debates on the question of women’s liberation or emancipation through sport alias football in Vietnamese society. Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. Tétard, “Côté tribunes. Les supporters en France de la Belle Époque aux années 1930”, 377.2. Le Courrier d’Haiphong, June 2, 1912, 2, National Library of Vietnam, Hanoi.3. Naria, “Les pratiques sportives. A la conquête des îles de l’océan indien”, 279.4. Thébaud, Les femmes au temps de la guerre de 14, 429.5. Abbassi, Le sport dans l’empire français: un instrument de domination coloniale; Combeau-Mari, Sport et loisirs dans les colonies, XIXe-XXe siècles; Deville-Dentu, Le sport en noir et blanc: du sport colonial au sport africain dans les anciens territoires d’Afrique occidentale (1920–1965).6. Ottogalli-Mazzacavallo, Nicaise and Bodet, Football par et pour les femmes.7. Prudhomme, “Sexe faible et ballon rond. Esquisse d’une histoire du football féminin”, 111–126.8. Tétard, Côté tribunes. Les supporters en France de la Belle Epoque aux années 1930; Vigarello, Le sentiment de soi. Histoire de la perception du corps, XVIe-XXe siècle; Turcot, Sports et loisirs: une histoire des origines à nos jours.9. Boulain, Femmes en aventure. De la voyageuse à la sportive (1850–1936).10. Nguyen, La société vietnamienne face à la modernité. Le Tonkin de la fin du XIXe siècle à la Seconde Guerre mondiale, 225.11. Fossard, “Les femmes, la morale et les sports en Indochine, 1900–1945”, 91–99,12. Artières and Laborie, “Témoignage et récit historique”, 199–206.13. Lecocq, “La pratique sportive féminine. Destin social ou choix individuel?”, 119.14. Ibid., 116.15. Nguyen, La société vietnamienne face à la modernité, 53.16. Prudhomme, “Sexe faible et ballon rond. Esquisse d’une histoire du football féminin”, 112.17. Bar-On, Beyond Soccer.18. Le Courrier saïgonnais, October 20, 1930, 3, National Library of Vietnam, Hanoi.19. Fossard and Thi Hài, “La presse et l’acculturation sportive des nouvelles élitesvietnamiennes (1888–1945)”, 171–196.20. La Tribune indigène, January 2, 1919, National Library of Vietnam, Hanoi.21. Les Sports, September 20, 1924, National Library of Vietnam, Hanoi.22. Saigon sport illustré, July 17, 1927, National Library of Vietnam, Hanoi.23. L’Illustration, September 1, 1929, 232.24. Gounot, Les mouvements sportifs ouvriers en Europe. Dimensions transnationales et déclinaisons locales, 117.25. Caom, 3 slotfom/44: Colonie an
摘要中国女足拥有一定程度的自由和相当大的自主权;他们的目标是获得一定程度的社会和人类尊严，使妇女能够通过性别身份而不是社会地位来维护自己。它还讨论了越南社会中关于妇女解放或通过体育(又称足球)获得解放问题的辩论。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。tamesard， " Côté论坛。法国美女的支持者Époque aux annacmes 1930”，第377.2页。《海防信使》，1912年6月2日，越南国家图书馆，河内。《Les pratiques sportives》。A la conquête des <e:1>“印度的薪金”，第279.4页。《Les femmes au temps de la guerre》，14429.5。《法兰西帝国的运动:殖民统治的工具》;Combeau-Mari, Sport et loisirs dans les colonies, xixe - xx si<e:1>;6.《黑色与白色的体育:非洲体育的殖民地与古代非洲的领土(1920-1965)》。奥托加利-马扎卡瓦洛、尼斯和博德，《足球之王》。普吕多姆:“在气球的道路上。《Esquisse d 'une histoire du football f<s:1> minin》，111-126.8。tsamtard, Côté论坛。Les supporters en France de la Belle Epoque aux annacmes 1930;Vigarello, Le sentiment de soi。军团感知史(xvi - xse);[9]《体育与体育:一个起源的历史》。布兰，女人甚至是冒险。10. la voyageuse la sportive (1850-1936)越南社会主义协会面临着<s:1>现代社会主义<e:1>。《第十九届世界足球大会论文集》，225.11。artiartires and Laborie，“历史上的<s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> - - - - - - - - -”。Lecocq，“La pratique sportive fsamine”。命运社会你选择个人?”,119.14。如上,116.15。Nguyen, La societs<s:1> vietnamienne face <s:1> La modernit<e:1>， 53.16。普吕多姆:“在气球的道路上。《Esquisse d 'une football history of cammin》，112.17。酒吧，超越足球。《信使》saïgonnais, 1930年10月20日，3日，越南国家图书馆，河内。Fossard and Thi Hài，“关于新变异体的文化适应(1888-1945)”，171 - 1966.20。《越南论坛报》，1919年1月2日，越南国家图书馆，河内。《体育》，1924年9月20日，越南国家图书馆，河内。《西贡体育画报》，1927年7月17日，越南国家图书馆，河内。插图，1929年9月1日，232.24。古诺，Les movements sportifs ouvers甚至欧洲。尺寸跨国公司和地区，117.25。[3][44]苏联社会主义革命时期的殖民时期的共产主义者。1940年前在越南踢足球:一种抵抗行为?”,629 - 638.27。3月1日/59日，mensames communism .29。蔡国强，《青年志》，1938年4月18日，282.30。《世界报》，1934年2月1日，第3.31页。布罗谢，“精英，资产阶级，你的生活困难”être, 135-158.32。福萨德，他的生活在印尼，他的生活在西方。体育运动和探险殖民。Turcot，《体育与法学:起源的历史》，第433卷第36页。Saouter，“运动训练和代表兵团的薪金:男性的薪金训练”，105-110.38。泽尔丁:《法兰西激情的历史，1848-1945》。这一运动是由法国大东方运动的成员莱姆·里奇在法国发起的。Pociello, Les cultures sportives。练习，代表和神话运动，27.41。罗布伦，“所有的薪金薪金都是由薪金薪金决定的:薪金薪金是由薪金薪金决定的”，165.42。1933年8月17日，越南国家图书馆，河内。rob<e:1>，“Vers la crassation d 'un sport fsamin”，165.44。Vigarello, Le sentiment de soi。《军团感知史》，第十五-第二十二章，第45页。《Indosport》，1933年10月5日，2.46页。Laplagne， " La femme et La bicyclette "， 89.47。rob<e:1>，“verla cracimation d 'un sport fsamminin”，165.48。《体育报》1924年9月20日。Fossard and Thi Hài，“关于越南新变的人的文化适应(1888-1945)”，第171-196.50页。
{"title":"Women footballers in Indochina: a place in the stadium?","authors":"Brice Fossard","doi":"10.1080/14660970.2023.2265199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2023.2265199","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTIndochinese women footballers proclaim a degree of liberty and very considerable autonomy; they thus play an essential role in extending women’s emancipation in Indochina. They aim to gain a level of social and human dignity enabling women to assert themselves through an identity of gender more than of social status. This article examines the social, economic and political background of the emergence of the active female figure in the sporting world of Indochina vis-a-vis its European counterpart. It also addresses the debates on the question of women’s liberation or emancipation through sport alias football in Vietnamese society. Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. Tétard, “Côté tribunes. Les supporters en France de la Belle Époque aux années 1930”, 377.2. Le Courrier d’Haiphong, June 2, 1912, 2, National Library of Vietnam, Hanoi.3. Naria, “Les pratiques sportives. A la conquête des îles de l’océan indien”, 279.4. Thébaud, Les femmes au temps de la guerre de 14, 429.5. Abbassi, Le sport dans l’empire français: un instrument de domination coloniale; Combeau-Mari, Sport et loisirs dans les colonies, XIXe-XXe siècles; Deville-Dentu, Le sport en noir et blanc: du sport colonial au sport africain dans les anciens territoires d’Afrique occidentale (1920–1965).6. Ottogalli-Mazzacavallo, Nicaise and Bodet, Football par et pour les femmes.7. Prudhomme, “Sexe faible et ballon rond. Esquisse d’une histoire du football féminin”, 111–126.8. Tétard, Côté tribunes. Les supporters en France de la Belle Epoque aux années 1930; Vigarello, Le sentiment de soi. Histoire de la perception du corps, XVIe-XXe siècle; Turcot, Sports et loisirs: une histoire des origines à nos jours.9. Boulain, Femmes en aventure. De la voyageuse à la sportive (1850–1936).10. Nguyen, La société vietnamienne face à la modernité. Le Tonkin de la fin du XIXe siècle à la Seconde Guerre mondiale, 225.11. Fossard, “Les femmes, la morale et les sports en Indochine, 1900–1945”, 91–99,12. Artières and Laborie, “Témoignage et récit historique”, 199–206.13. Lecocq, “La pratique sportive féminine. Destin social ou choix individuel?”, 119.14. Ibid., 116.15. Nguyen, La société vietnamienne face à la modernité, 53.16. Prudhomme, “Sexe faible et ballon rond. Esquisse d’une histoire du football féminin”, 112.17. Bar-On, Beyond Soccer.18. Le Courrier saïgonnais, October 20, 1930, 3, National Library of Vietnam, Hanoi.19. Fossard and Thi Hài, “La presse et l’acculturation sportive des nouvelles élitesvietnamiennes (1888–1945)”, 171–196.20. La Tribune indigène, January 2, 1919, National Library of Vietnam, Hanoi.21. Les Sports, September 20, 1924, National Library of Vietnam, Hanoi.22. Saigon sport illustré, July 17, 1927, National Library of Vietnam, Hanoi.23. L’Illustration, September 1, 1929, 232.24. Gounot, Les mouvements sportifs ouvriers en Europe. Dimensions transnationales et déclinaisons locales, 117.25. Caom, 3 slotfom/44: Colonie an","PeriodicalId":47395,"journal":{"name":"Soccer & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.1080/14660970.2023.2265198
Caroline Azad
ABSTRACTFrom the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, Instagram has proven to be a very relevant source of information about Iranian women’s soccer. The growing popularity of female professional football players, particularly members of the national team, tends to make their discourse particularly audible, reaching thousands of people on issues that concern discrimination against the Iranian female population in general as well as inequalities of treatment between men and women. By investing a male-dominated domain such as football and by imposing their voice, presence and visibility on the digital space, female football players tend to challenge the authority of the Iranian State in a spontaneous, sustained, original and unorganized way. The main obstacle to the development of the discipline is defined, following the testimonies described in this article, as the lack of media visibility of women’s soccer in the traditional media. This is not unique to Iran, as I explain, but linked to a political strategy to regulate the visibility of women, especially the female body, in the public space. I chose to use the theoretical tool of social navigation to provide an understanding of the discourses and actions of resistance implemented by various female players, especially on Instagram. All of these social agents operate in a non-democratic socio-political environment and acting under particular circumstances. Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. Fozooni, Iranian Women and Football.2. Arbaeen is a commemoration that marks the end of mourning for Imam Hossein, a central figure in Shiism.3. In 2015 the first edition of the Asian Futsal Championship was held. I was in Iran at the time and the victory of the women’s futsal team did not receive any media attention or communication from the Ministry of Sports and the Football Federation at the time. According to several testimonies of female futsal players collected on Instagram in May 2020, the Iranian Football Federation took two years to pay the amount due to the national.team following its second consecutive victory in the 2018 Asian Cup.4. “Iran Ranked World’s 7th Instagram User”.5. “Events in Iran since Mahsa Amini’s arrest and death in custody”.6. Some of them have between 40,000 and 300,000 subscribers. In some cases, this number has increased dramatically following Iran’s qualification for the 2022 Asian Cup. In addition, the profile of Team Melli goalkeeper Zohre Koudaei (who is not particularly active, based on the frequency of her posts) saw the number of subscribers rise from some 1,000 to over 50,000 in the space of several days following the complaint filed on 15 November 2021 by the Jordanian Football Association with the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). See: https://english.alarabiya.net/sports/2021/11/15/Jordan-requests-gender-confirmation-of-Iran-player-after-loss-claims-goalie-is-a-man.7. See for example: Pfister, Fasting, Scraton, a
例如Khadije Sepanji，她在1998年担任德黑兰市政府女子体育顾问后，成为伊朗足球联合会女子部门的第一副主席。沙洛克尼，《原地的女人》25。《足球掩护》，阿亚特·纳贾菲，德国，2006年:https://youtu.be/YoB50U1Zcic26。虽然中国男足是亚洲最成功的五人制足球球队(自1999年首届五人制足球锦标赛以来共12次夺冠)，但中国女足自2015年以来在亚足联(AFC)举办的两项比赛中都获得了冠军，分别在2015年(1-0)和2018年(5-2)击败了日本队。2020年，当冠状病毒大流行成为推迟世界杯的原因时，几名女子五人制足球运动员在包括Instagram在内的社交媒体上告诉公众，他们上次获胜所赚的钱并没有由伊朗足协支付给他们。经过两年的伊朗货币贬值(损失近70%)，最终在年底将2200万托曼(相当于当时的200美元)的总和分配给了每位球员;他们中的一些人，比如法扎内·塔瓦索里，觉得现在一文不值了。国际足联，女足调查报告2019.28。《新媒体与中国社会政治变迁》，《中国社会主义》第4期。专业集团(Golkar)，《伊朗的学生激进主义、社交媒体和威权统治》，第30页。《政治伊斯兰:伊朗的政治制度与公民社会》31。Deibert, Palfrey, Rohozinski, Zittrain和Haraszti, Access control .32。Akhavan，电子伊朗。专业集团(Golkar)，《伊朗的学生运动、社交媒体和威权统治》，第34页。Shirazi，“伊朗的信息和通信技术与妇女赋权”;geheytachi， <伊朗的改革派和积极分子:互联网剥削者>，第35页。Sohrabi-Haghighat和Mansouri，“我的选票在哪里?”Khiabany and Sreberny， < Blogistan >，第37页。《排他性地图学》第38页。《在邪恶轴心时代拯救穆斯林妇女?》，第39页。《伊朗的社会运动》40。其中一些电视台的订户在1万至30万之间，订户数量在伊朗获得2022年亚洲杯参赛资格后尤其增加。根据伊朗新闻机构Irna、Isna、Tasnim和Mehr于2020年9月19日在一份专门报道伊朗女子足球的电子杂志上发表的官方调查，女子体育占伊朗媒体报道的1.1%。Instagram于2010年10月6日上线。见“伊朗成为世界第7大Instagram用户”。《贾法尔·帕纳西》，44页。Ibid.45。“博主可能在伊朗监狱被折磨致死”;“伊朗因博主之死拘留了七人”;“联合国/。专家要求伊朗解释博主在狱中死亡的原因。《在战争地形上航行》。好，运动平方，48分。《在战争地形上航行》。如上,14.50。大众异议、人类能动性与全球政治[j]。丽嘉，建设性抵抗，52页。《妇女与二十世纪伊朗的政治进程》53。迪伦伯格，《互联网之路》，第54页。《留胡子的女人和没胡子的男人》Lilja，建设性抵抗。重复，情绪和时间，32.56。如上,31.57。莉嘉和维萨根，《分散的抵抗》，58页。维塔根和约翰逊，“日常抵抗”。
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Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.1080/14660970.2023.2266679
Thomas Alcott
Work on footballing stardom has struggled with positioning on-field performance within the image of notable players. This is mainly born out of early scholarship that positioned the topic primarily within a celebrity studies framework, leading to a far greater concentration on footballers’ private lives away from the field of play.Footnote1 This paper argues that the closely related, but meaningfully different, star studies framework (traditionally applied to analyse film stardom) provides a more appropriate model for interpreting footballing fame. Unlike celebrity studies, which does not separate the on-screen (or on-field) from the off-screen (or off-field) image, star studies positions the relationship between the two identities as more central to forming the overall star persona. This article develops this approach based upon a case study analysis of Welsh footballer Gareth Bale.
{"title":"Putting the football back into football stardom: a case study of Gareth Bale as a national football ‘star’","authors":"Thomas Alcott","doi":"10.1080/14660970.2023.2266679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2023.2266679","url":null,"abstract":"Work on footballing stardom has struggled with positioning on-field performance within the image of notable players. This is mainly born out of early scholarship that positioned the topic primarily within a celebrity studies framework, leading to a far greater concentration on footballers’ private lives away from the field of play.Footnote1 This paper argues that the closely related, but meaningfully different, star studies framework (traditionally applied to analyse film stardom) provides a more appropriate model for interpreting footballing fame. Unlike celebrity studies, which does not separate the on-screen (or on-field) from the off-screen (or off-field) image, star studies positions the relationship between the two identities as more central to forming the overall star persona. This article develops this approach based upon a case study analysis of Welsh footballer Gareth Bale.","PeriodicalId":47395,"journal":{"name":"Soccer & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135758910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.1080/14660970.2023.2265197
Béatrice Bertho, Françoise Grange-Omokaro, Iyama M. Douna, Dominique Malatesta
Football, whether played competitively or as a leisure-time activity, is a veritable social institution in Africa, that commands a strong physical and symbolic presence. It gives shape to social bonds and occupies a special place in the public’s imagination – globalized modernity, success – that is highly valued, in particular because of the great international careers of some African players. It thus creates opportunities for experiences that involve a political dimension: in the realm of football, social and cultural norms can be negotiated, and economic as well as cognitive resources circulate. Using ethnographic data gathered in the context of a study under way in Cameroon, we examine the ways in which girls gain access to the practice of football through a range of practices and strategies within a context characterized by multiple constraints.
{"title":"Playing football in Cameroon as a girl: a match for equality","authors":"Béatrice Bertho, Françoise Grange-Omokaro, Iyama M. Douna, Dominique Malatesta","doi":"10.1080/14660970.2023.2265197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2023.2265197","url":null,"abstract":"Football, whether played competitively or as a leisure-time activity, is a veritable social institution in Africa, that commands a strong physical and symbolic presence. It gives shape to social bonds and occupies a special place in the public’s imagination – globalized modernity, success – that is highly valued, in particular because of the great international careers of some African players. It thus creates opportunities for experiences that involve a political dimension: in the realm of football, social and cultural norms can be negotiated, and economic as well as cognitive resources circulate. Using ethnographic data gathered in the context of a study under way in Cameroon, we examine the ways in which girls gain access to the practice of football through a range of practices and strategies within a context characterized by multiple constraints.","PeriodicalId":47395,"journal":{"name":"Soccer & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135758916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-08DOI: 10.1080/14660970.2023.2265196
Oumaya HIDRI Neys, Christine Mennsson
ABSTRACTIn France, for the 2015/2016 season, there were 103,276 female members of the French Football Federation and 1,606,669 male members. This article proposes an overview and a perspective of the works situated at the confluence of the sociology of socialization and the sociology of sport to inform in a different way the question of the transmission of taste, knowledge, habits, dispositions leading to the practice of football or to non-practice. After justifying the choice to focus on primary socialization, it analyzes the weight of family socialization in the transmission of football, socialization by peers but also that provided by the media. Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. FFF Key Figures, 2017/2018.2. Martin, “Se mettre au football, arrêter le football”.3. Ibid.4. This helps to answer the question: how does socialisation take place?5. This helps to answer the question: “who” or “what” socialises?6. This helps to answer the question: What is internalised by the socialised individual?7. Darmon, La Socialisation.8. Darmon, Pichonnaz, and Toffel, “La socialization secondaire ne s’exerce pas sur une page blanche mais sur une page déjà écrite et déjà froissée par les expériences antérieures”, 115.9. Berger and Luckmann, La construction sociale de la réalité.10. Octobre and Jauneau, “Tels parents, tels enfants?”.11. Mennesson and Juhle, “L’art (tout) contre le sport?”.12. Examples: the language and register of language used by parents in conversation, the music they listen to, the presence or absence of books in the home, eating habits, etc.13. Friedman, Playing to win; Lum, “Handling ‘helicopter parents’”.14. De Singly, Lire à 12 ans.15. Muller, “La pratique sportive des jeunes dépend avant tout de leur milieu socioculturel”, 2.16. Mennesson, “Socialisation familiale et investissement des filles et des garçons dans les pratiques culturelles et sportives associatives”.17. Bois and Sarrazin, “Les chiens font-ils des chats?”.18. Lentillon, “Les stéréotypes sexués relatifs à la pratique des activités physiques et sportives chez les adolescents français et leurs conséquences discriminatoires”.19. Court, Corps de filles, corps de garçons; Octobre, Détrez, Mercklé and Berthomier, L’enfance des loisirs.20. Mennesson, “Être une femme dans un sport masculin”; Mennesson, Etre une femme dans le monde des hommes; Mennesson, “Modes de socialization et processus d’identification sexuée des jeunes investis dans des pratiques physiques et sportives de l’autre sexe”.21. Mennesson, “Socialisation familiale et investissement des filles et des garçons dans les pratiques culturelles et sportives associatives”.22. Court and Henri-Panabière, “La socialization culturelle au sein de la famille”.23. Bourdieu, La distinction, éléments pour une critique sociale du jugement.24. Octobre, Détrez, Mercklé and Berthomier, L’enfance des loisirs.25. Mennesson, “Modes de socialization et processus d’identification sexuée
在法国，2015/2016赛季，法国足协共有103276名女性会员和1606669名男性会员。本文提出了一个概述和一个观点的作品位于社会社会学和体育社会学的交汇处，以不同的方式告知的问题，传播的品味，知识，习惯，性格导致足球的实践或不实践。在为关注初级社会化的选择辩护之后，分析了家庭社会化在足球传播中的重要性，同龄人的社会化以及媒体提供的社会化。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。FFF关键数据，2017/2018.2。马丁，“我的足球，arrêter足球”。Ibid.4。这有助于回答这个问题:社会化是如何发生的?这有助于回答这个问题:“谁”或“什么”社交?这有助于回答这个问题:社会化的个体内化了什么?8.《社会主义》。Darmon, Pichonnaz, and Toffel，“社会化的第二阶段”，“经验从一页到另一页”，“经验从一页到另一页”，第115.9页。伯杰和卢克曼，La construction sociale de La racalit<s:1> .10。“告诉父母，告诉孩子?”门内森和朱勒，“艺术(out) contre le sport?”，第12页。例如:父母在谈话中使用的语言和语域，他们听的音乐，家里有没有书，饮食习惯等等。弗里德曼，为赢而战;《应对‘直升机父母’》14页。德·辛格利，《生活》，12岁。缪勒，“青年的运动与社会文化环境的变化”，第2卷第16页。17. Mennesson，“社会化、家庭、投资、家庭、家庭、家庭、家庭、家庭、家庭、家庭、家庭和家庭”。18. Bois和Sarrazin， < Les chiens font-ils des chats >。Lentillon,”莱斯刻板印象观看relatifs实际des活动体格等投产在青少年法语等他们后果discriminatoires”.19。法院、卫兵队、卫兵队;10月，dsametz, merckl<e:1>和Berthomier，法国法语区。Mennesson，“Être one femme dans unsport masculin”;孟尼松，《三个女人的世界》;21. Mennesson，“青少年性行为的社会化模式和识别过程、青少年的身体行为和性行为的运动”。Mennesson”社会化familiale et investissement des des男生和女生在实际文化等投产associatives”。22口径的枪。法院和henri - panabi<e:1>，“家庭的社会文化”，第23页。[24]布迪厄，《区别:<s:2>社会与审判的批判》。10月，dsametz, merckl<e:1>和Berthomier，法国法语区，第25页。26. Mennesson，“社会模式和鉴定过程:青少年的性障碍、青少年的身体训练和性运动”。Mennesson, Bertrand, and Court， <社会关系的建构、社会运动的建构、家庭生活的建构、家庭社会化模式的建构>，第27期。Dafflon-Novelle Filles-garcons.28。文森，《爱情与社会》。以赛车为主题的虚张声势游戏，允许“绅士之间以体育精神和礼貌的名义对抗的挑战”。.30 (http://jeuxstrategieter.free.fr/Fair_play_presentation.php)。由迪卡侬公司(Decathlon)销售的Kage是一种适合足球使用的球杆，在任何场地上都可以快速安装和卸载。Mennesson”社会化familiale et investissement des des男生和女生在实际文化等投产associatives”收。Zegaï，“Trente and de catalogue de jouets”。33。克罗默，“私人的薪金和薪金”，1994年4月34日。grani<e:1>， Ricaud和Le Camus， <性别对代表的影响>，《父母与孩子的关系》第35期。36. Zegaï， " stacry - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -门内森，《三个女人在男人的世界里跳舞》。布尔迪厄，《巴黎风情》，第38页。《社会主义》第39页。布迪厄和帕瑟隆，《繁殖》;德·辛格利，《生活》，12岁;10月，dsametz, merckl<e:1>和Berthomier，《法国少女》。库朗根，《音乐社会分层》;10月，教育与文化。Combaz和Hoibian，“La pratique des activit<s:1>体质与运动”，169.42。Joannin和Mennesson， " Dans la cour de l ' samcole "，第43页。索雷尔和内克尔，《暴力的象征与类型》[j]。Davisse， " Filles et garcons en EPS "， 87.45。comaz和Hoibian，“rôle关于薪金和薪金的结构”，139.46。Bonniot-Paquien，“cogsamrio和Champely, Les enseignants and 'EPS face aux samicl<e:1> qui dsamrochent de l ' activitl”，第47页。
{"title":"‘A French woman is not born a footballer, she becomes one… or not’: an overview and perspective of the work carried out in the sociology of socialization and sport","authors":"Oumaya HIDRI Neys, Christine Mennsson","doi":"10.1080/14660970.2023.2265196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2023.2265196","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTIn France, for the 2015/2016 season, there were 103,276 female members of the French Football Federation and 1,606,669 male members. This article proposes an overview and a perspective of the works situated at the confluence of the sociology of socialization and the sociology of sport to inform in a different way the question of the transmission of taste, knowledge, habits, dispositions leading to the practice of football or to non-practice. After justifying the choice to focus on primary socialization, it analyzes the weight of family socialization in the transmission of football, socialization by peers but also that provided by the media. Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. FFF Key Figures, 2017/2018.2. Martin, “Se mettre au football, arrêter le football”.3. Ibid.4. This helps to answer the question: how does socialisation take place?5. This helps to answer the question: “who” or “what” socialises?6. This helps to answer the question: What is internalised by the socialised individual?7. Darmon, La Socialisation.8. Darmon, Pichonnaz, and Toffel, “La socialization secondaire ne s’exerce pas sur une page blanche mais sur une page déjà écrite et déjà froissée par les expériences antérieures”, 115.9. Berger and Luckmann, La construction sociale de la réalité.10. Octobre and Jauneau, “Tels parents, tels enfants?”.11. Mennesson and Juhle, “L’art (tout) contre le sport?”.12. Examples: the language and register of language used by parents in conversation, the music they listen to, the presence or absence of books in the home, eating habits, etc.13. Friedman, Playing to win; Lum, “Handling ‘helicopter parents’”.14. De Singly, Lire à 12 ans.15. Muller, “La pratique sportive des jeunes dépend avant tout de leur milieu socioculturel”, 2.16. Mennesson, “Socialisation familiale et investissement des filles et des garçons dans les pratiques culturelles et sportives associatives”.17. Bois and Sarrazin, “Les chiens font-ils des chats?”.18. Lentillon, “Les stéréotypes sexués relatifs à la pratique des activités physiques et sportives chez les adolescents français et leurs conséquences discriminatoires”.19. Court, Corps de filles, corps de garçons; Octobre, Détrez, Mercklé and Berthomier, L’enfance des loisirs.20. Mennesson, “Être une femme dans un sport masculin”; Mennesson, Etre une femme dans le monde des hommes; Mennesson, “Modes de socialization et processus d’identification sexuée des jeunes investis dans des pratiques physiques et sportives de l’autre sexe”.21. Mennesson, “Socialisation familiale et investissement des filles et des garçons dans les pratiques culturelles et sportives associatives”.22. Court and Henri-Panabière, “La socialization culturelle au sein de la famille”.23. Bourdieu, La distinction, éléments pour une critique sociale du jugement.24. Octobre, Détrez, Mercklé and Berthomier, L’enfance des loisirs.25. Mennesson, “Modes de socialization et processus d’identification sexuée ","PeriodicalId":47395,"journal":{"name":"Soccer & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-08DOI: 10.1080/14660970.2023.2265195
Oumaya Hidri Neys, Hugo Juskowiak
ABSTRACTThis special issue, entitled The development of women's football: under what conditions? focuses on the political, sociological and cultural issues surrounding women's access to football. The articles that make up the book examine the conditions for the feminisation of a universal sport, from its genesis to the current effects of its institutionalisation and (inter)national recognition. Based on the first three articles, the background shows that the process, which began in the last century, is a complex one, especially if it is analysed through the prism of different spaces, timescales and backgrounds: the history of women's football, in itself, is far from uniform. In the light of this heritage, the detailed analysis of national contexts proposed in the last three articles provides a contextualised and nuanced interpretation of the differentiated development of women's football and its consequences for the game. Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Notes1. Breuil, Histoire du football féminin en Europe ; Pfister, ‘The challenges of women’s football in east and west Germany: A comparative study’[; Williams, ‘The fastest growing sport?’.2. Grainey, Beyond’Bend it like Beckham’: the global phenomenon of women’s soccer.3. C. Azard, ‘Les sportives iraniennes, miroir d’un pays en crise’. The Conversation, 2020, https://theconversation.com/les-sportives-iraniennes-miroir-dun-pays-en-crise-1322224. Le Monde Afrique, ‘Au Soudan, coup d’envoi de la ligue féminine de football’, 2019, https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2019/10/01/au-soudan-coup-d-envoi-de-la-ligue-feminine-de-football_6013748_3212.html5. Ottogalli-Mazzacavallo et al., ‘Football et femmes en France: une longue route (encore) semée d’embûches … ‘.6. L. Lauffer, ‘Quand le Brésil n’est qu’une marque’, Foot d’elles, 2015, https://www.footdelles.com/quand-le-bresil-nest-quune-marque/.7. A. Filoche, ‘Pourquoi Ada Hegerberg, Ballon d’or féminin, boycotte la Coupe du monde’, Huffpost, 2019, https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/pourquoi-ada-hegerberg-ballondor-feminin-boude-la-coupe-du-monde_fr_5cf4ed29e4b0a1997b6d4e548. La footballeuse américaine Megan Rapinoe s’élève contre le racisme, le sexisme et l’homophobiedans le football. Komitid, https://www.komitid.fr/2019/09/24/megan-rapinoe-racisme-sexisme-homophobie-football/9. Site internet de la FIFA (2023). https://www.fifa.com/womens-football10. FIFA (2018). Stratégie pour le football féminin, https://www.fifa.com/fr/womens-football/strategy/strategy-details11. FIFA (2020). Women’s development progamme, https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/1b65c36cc05ce0dc/original/s6ikgh533qnprrev3ozm-pdf.pdf12. Le 17 avril 1971, il a opposé la France et les Pays-Bas.13. Zaidman, ‘La mixité, objet d’étude scientifique ou enjeu politique ?’.14. Cacouault-Bitaud, M. ‘La féminisation d’une profession est-elle le signe d’une baisse de prestige ?’.15. UEFA (2014/2015). Women’s football across the national associations. h
【摘要】这期专刊的题目是《女子足球的发展:在什么条件下?》关注围绕女子足球的政治、社会和文化问题。这本书中的文章考察了一项世界性运动女性化的条件，从起源到其制度化和(国际)国家认可的当前影响。根据前三篇文章，背景表明，从上个世纪开始的这个过程是一个复杂的过程，特别是如果通过不同的空间、时间尺度和背景来分析:女足的历史本身就远非统一的。鉴于这一传统，在最后三篇文章中提出的对国家背景的详细分析，为女足的差异化发展及其对比赛的影响提供了一个背景化和细致入微的解释。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。布雷伊，《欧洲足球运动史》;Pfister，“东德和西德女子足球的挑战:比较研究”[;威廉斯:“发展最快的运动是什么?”Grainey，超越“像贝克汉姆一样弯曲”:全球女子足球现象。C. Azard，《Les sportivesiraniennes, miroir d ' un pays en crisis》。The Conversation, 2020, https://theconversation.com/les-sportives-iraniennes-miroir-dun-pays-en-crise-1322224。《非洲世界报》，2019年，https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2019/10/01/au-soudan-coup-d-envoi-de-la-ligue-feminine-de-football_6013748_3212.html5。otogalli - mazzacavallo等人，“法国的足球和女性:一个漫长的路线(encore) sem<s:1> e d ' emb<s:1> ches……”L. Lauffer，“Quand le brassimsil n ' est qu ' une marque”，Foot d ' elles, 2015, https://www.footdelles.com/quand-le-bresil-nest-quune-marque/.7。A. Filoche，“Pourquoi Ada Hegerberg, Ballon d’s camminin, boycott the Coupe du monde”，Huffpost, 2019, https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/pourquoi-ada-hegerberg-ballondor-feminin-boude-la-coupe-du-monde_fr_5cf4ed29e4b0a1997b6d4e548。梅根·拉皮诺(Megan Rapinoe)表示，她反对种族主义、性别歧视和同性恋恐惧症，也反对足球。Komitid, https://www.komitid.fr/2019/09/24/megan-rapinoe-racisme-sexisme-homophobie-football/9。网站互联网de la FIFA(2023)。https://www.fifa.com/womens-football10。国际足联(2018)。stratsamgie pour le football fsamin, https://www.fifa.com/fr/womens-football/strategy/strategy-details11。国际足联(2020)。妇女发展方案，https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/1b65c36cc05ce0dc/original/s6ikgh533qnprrev3ozm-pdf.pdf12。1971年4月17日，《法国与佩斯堡》(la France and les pays - bas)的对立面。Zaidman， ' La mixit<e:1>， objet d ' <s:1>科学的<s:1>政治的? '15.《La f<s:1> minisation d ' une profession -elle le signe d ' une baisse de prestige ?》欧足联(2014/2015)。女子足球横跨全国协会。https://www.uefa.com/MultimediaFiles/Download/uefaorg/WFprogramme/02/20/39/67/2203967_DOWNLOAD.pdf16。该杂志从2000年的3期增加到2006年的4期，2008年的5期，2009年的6期，2013年的8期，平均文章数从20篇增加到70篇。Elias等人，《体育与文明》。暴力主义(La violence);Boniface et al.， Quand le Football ' s accord au fsamin;布雷伊，《欧洲足球运动史》;禁食，“小国-大结果:挪威女足”;Fernández等人，La participación de las mujeres en el deporte。“unanálisis desde la perspectiva de gsamero”;Hjelm et al.“一个突破:瑞典女子足球”;König，“Football fsamminin et societest en Allemagne depuis 1900”;Pfister et al.，《女子与足球——矛盾?》普鲁多姆-蓬塞，《足球历史》;Riaño，历史文化史上的驱逐，由la mujer en España de la primeria mitad del siglo 19 . a traves de la vida，由la obra de Elia María González Álvarez y López Chicheri， ' Lili Álvarez ';Stefanile， ' Calcio al femminile ';Travert等人，“一种激情的男性化，一种激情的男性化”;威廉姆斯，全球化的女子足球;伍德沃德:“女人的时间?””;etc.19。Markovits， ' Pourquoi ' y a-t-il pas de football aux États-Unis?Markovits等人，“美国女子足球;etc.20。Boniface et al.， Quand le Football ' s accord au fsamin;Chimot，“<s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> (e) - <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> (e) - <s:1> <s:1> (s) - <s:1> (s) -组织体育运动”;柯林斯，“国家体育和其他神话:美国足球的失败”;Hjelm等人。
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Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.1080/14660970.2023.2265200
Carmen Rial, Caroline Soares de Almeida
ABSTRACTFeminist voices supporting women’s football in Brazil date back to 1924, and to journalist Cléo de Galsan. But the sport was never central to the feminist agenda in the country, and a law prohibited women from playing football from 1941 to 1979. This exclusion was internalized by many women, including feminists, who expressed little interest in the world of Brazilian football. This disinterest is paradoxical, not only because of the importance of football in the national imaginary, but also because women’s sports involve fundamental dimensions in gender relations and feminist activism. The article asks why Brazilian feminism displayed little interest in this sport and concludes that part of the response lies in the social distance between feminists and footballers and in the predominance of lesbians among the athletes, while practice of football by women could be a fundamental subversive act for gender transformation. Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. Elsey and Nadel, Futboleta, 9.2. We use “football practiced by women” to refer to what is commonly designated as “women’s football”. Football is the same sport (with the same rules, gestures and objectives), whether it is practiced by men, trans, gays, or women. To call it ‘women’s football’– at the same time in which it reserves the term “football” without qualification to designate the football practiced by men, given that “men’s football” is rarely said – would be to accept the football practiced by men as all encompassing (Dumont, Homo Hierarchicus) and that practiced by women as encompassed in a dubious hierarchy. And it would accept that the sports gestures change depending on the gender/sex/sexual condition of the person playing.3. A dictatorship instituted by Getúlio Vargas between 1937 and 1945.4. Marcus, “Ethnography in/of the world system”.5. The ethnography includes direct contact with more than ten women athletes, conversations in various situations, included recorded interviews, and informal conversations at lunches, cocktails, barbeques, football games, political participations, participations in social projects and lectures, observation of work activities, games, practices, and other activities, such as leisure encounters, and on social networks, especially Facebook, WhatsApp and Instagram. We maintained the anonymity of the interlocutors, even those who allowed us to reveal their name, using the real name only for items found on social networks and in newspapers.6. Alabarces, História Mínima del fútbol.7. Giulianotti, Sociologia do futebol.8. Bonfim, “Football feminino entre festas esportivas, circos e campos suburbanos”; Elsey and Nadel, Futbolera; Rial, “Memória do Futebol”.9. Almeida, “Mulheres futebolistas”.10. Rigo et al., “Notas futebol feminino”.11. Almeida, “Mulheres futebolistas”.12. The Federation was created under the bases of the Liga da EmancipaçãoIntelectual da Mulher, of 1919. It included women of the e
26. [27] [footnoteref: 1]。20世纪70年代，l<s:2>强调巴西女权运动的政治落后，因为其领导人是由白人中产阶级妇女组成的，特别是她们需要否认种族主义，因为她们没有认识到白人妇女的解放是以剥削黑人妇女为代价的。布迪厄，《统治》，第29页。杠杆，足球疯狂。尽管有禁令，但巴西女性从未停止踢足球。Rigo等人的《Notas futebol feminino》;埃尔西·约书亚，futhbolereria .31。Appadurai指的是印度的另一项运动——板球，但我们可以把她的想法应用到巴西的足球场。阿帕杜莱，《现代性概论》，第11.32页。里亚尔，"玛尔塔更好" 33。达·马塔，宇宙足球，60.34。同上的,27.35。尤瓦尔·戴维斯和安西亚斯，《妇女民族国家》36。其中两封是没有署名的短文(Mulherio在1981年写的“Esporte, reduto masculino”和1982年写的“For a de campo”)，第三封是ad<s:1>里亚·博尔赫斯的署名(1984年写的“de Atenas a Los Angeles”)，虽然篇幅更大，但主要涉及奥运项目。《Mulherio》报纸上一篇关于足球运动员的文章也可以提到，但这篇文章讲的是男性和巴西运动员在瑞士集体强奸的案件。Rial和Grossi， " Estupradores viraram heróis " .38。阿尔梅达，《博阿斯·德·博拉》39页。GALF， " Mulher de Chuteira " .40。帕切科·查韦斯(Pacheco e Chaves)，“ansamsia。法国当代艺术Feminina ?”作家克拉丽斯·利斯佩克特(Clarice Lispector)也通过撰写有关体育的文章来奉献她的艺术。她说自己“对足球充满激情的无知”，但还是写了一本关于足球的编年史(1968年)(也就是说，写的是男人踢的足球)，还采访了巴西国家队的教练两次。利斯佩克特，《采访扎加洛》;利斯佩克特，《杯的主人》，第41页。阿尔梅达，《博阿斯·德·博拉》42页。里亚尔，" Memória do Futebol " .43。Goellner表示，这并不是一种新的恐惧，因为至少从19世纪开始，人们就开始讨论体育活动会使女性男性化的问题。关于这一点，请参见:阿尔梅达的《博阿斯·德·博拉》;阿尔梅达，“Mulheres futebolista”;皮萨尼，“Poderosas do Foz”;皮萨尼，“soufeita de chuva, sole barro”;Rial，“Marta better kak<e:1>”;Goellner， " Conhecer para reconhecer " 44。梅洛，" Histórias e casos de sedu<e:1> o no futebol feminino " .45。Ibid.46。Goellner，“Mulheres fortes”;阿尔梅达，《博阿斯·德·博拉》47页。塞奇威克，《认识论armário》第48页。皮萨尼，《你的灵魂，我的灵魂》，第49页。在维蒂格的意义上，女同性恋者不是女人——女人构成了一个受父权制度压迫的社会阶层，而女同性恋者则在这个制度之外，因为她们不需要男人的存在。威蒂格，头脑清醒。我们对20世纪80年代女权主义报纸的分析表明，主要问题与体育无关。51.在马尔赫里奥，最经常出现的主题是工作中的妇女、妇女的劳工权利、家庭民主、工作和性行为的非刑事化等。阿尔梅达，《博阿斯·德·博拉》;埃尔西和纳德尔，Futbolera.52。2016年，国际足联将性别平等纳入其规定，并要求各国足协立即遵守。那一年，南美足球协会规定，参加由该机构管理的锦标赛的俱乐部必须有女队(即使是在培养球员的球队中)。联合会还促进了加强“女子足球”类别的行动，例如组织全国锦标赛和分区锦标赛，以确定参赛资格，并将妇女纳入理事会和技术职位。采访罗比尼奥。“女性主义运动是存在的”。可在:https://www.uol.com.br/esporte/videos/2020/10/17/robinho-infelizmente-existe-esse-movimento-feminista.htm.54。桑德拉Pfläfi在两个年轻人的陪同下，敲开了Grêmio、爱德华多和费尔南多运动员下榻的房间的门，要求得到签名或一件球衣作为纪念。他们让她进来，让两个男孩陪她出去，让另外两个球员进来，恩里克和亚历克西·斯蒂瓦尔——也就是大家所说的库卡——他们正在大厅里走着。根据1987年8月12日《Veja》杂志的一篇文章，恩里克和库卡与这名女孩发生了完全的性关系，其他人则对她进行了性欲行为。他们被关押了几个星期，面临着20年的监禁，但不久之后，尽管有这么多证据，他们还是被释放了。Rial和Grossi， " Estupradores viraram heróis " .55。英国，“Enunciações de masculinidade em narrativas de jovens atletas de voleibol”;kessler, s ? o ? o ? o ?安霍斯和席尔瓦Júnior，雷桑多armários;Camargo， " Circulando entre práticas esportivas e sexuais " 56页。Rial，“新边疆”;皮萨尼，“Poderosas do Foz”;阿尔梅达，" Do sonho ao possível " 57。Rial，“新边疆”;58.阿加加德和蒂斯勒，女子足球。参见King对盎格鲁-撒克逊社会文学关于体育和LGBT+的优秀调查“What 's Queer about”。
{"title":"Football, lesbianism and feminism in Brazil: subversive acts","authors":"Carmen Rial, Caroline Soares de Almeida","doi":"10.1080/14660970.2023.2265200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2023.2265200","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTFeminist voices supporting women’s football in Brazil date back to 1924, and to journalist Cléo de Galsan. But the sport was never central to the feminist agenda in the country, and a law prohibited women from playing football from 1941 to 1979. This exclusion was internalized by many women, including feminists, who expressed little interest in the world of Brazilian football. This disinterest is paradoxical, not only because of the importance of football in the national imaginary, but also because women’s sports involve fundamental dimensions in gender relations and feminist activism. The article asks why Brazilian feminism displayed little interest in this sport and concludes that part of the response lies in the social distance between feminists and footballers and in the predominance of lesbians among the athletes, while practice of football by women could be a fundamental subversive act for gender transformation. Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. Elsey and Nadel, Futboleta, 9.2. We use “football practiced by women” to refer to what is commonly designated as “women’s football”. Football is the same sport (with the same rules, gestures and objectives), whether it is practiced by men, trans, gays, or women. To call it ‘women’s football’– at the same time in which it reserves the term “football” without qualification to designate the football practiced by men, given that “men’s football” is rarely said – would be to accept the football practiced by men as all encompassing (Dumont, Homo Hierarchicus) and that practiced by women as encompassed in a dubious hierarchy. And it would accept that the sports gestures change depending on the gender/sex/sexual condition of the person playing.3. A dictatorship instituted by Getúlio Vargas between 1937 and 1945.4. Marcus, “Ethnography in/of the world system”.5. The ethnography includes direct contact with more than ten women athletes, conversations in various situations, included recorded interviews, and informal conversations at lunches, cocktails, barbeques, football games, political participations, participations in social projects and lectures, observation of work activities, games, practices, and other activities, such as leisure encounters, and on social networks, especially Facebook, WhatsApp and Instagram. We maintained the anonymity of the interlocutors, even those who allowed us to reveal their name, using the real name only for items found on social networks and in newspapers.6. Alabarces, História Mínima del fútbol.7. Giulianotti, Sociologia do futebol.8. Bonfim, “Football feminino entre festas esportivas, circos e campos suburbanos”; Elsey and Nadel, Futbolera; Rial, “Memória do Futebol”.9. Almeida, “Mulheres futebolistas”.10. Rigo et al., “Notas futebol feminino”.11. Almeida, “Mulheres futebolistas”.12. The Federation was created under the bases of the Liga da EmancipaçãoIntelectual da Mulher, of 1919. It included women of the e","PeriodicalId":47395,"journal":{"name":"Soccer & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.1080/14660970.2023.2265201
Audrey Gozillon, Jean Bréhon
ABSTRACT“More than a sporting event, the 2019 FIFA Women’s World Cup has been a cultural phenomenon (…) women’s football is attractive everywhere”. If the words of the FIFA President reflect the institutional desire to promote the momentum generated by the French World Cup, a simple look at the rates of feminization is enough to highlight profound federal differences: 7.4% in France; 15.5% in Germany; 24.6% in England; 29.7% in Norway; 38.4% in Sweden; 55% in the USA. To explain such heterogeneity, recourse to socio-history and comparison can be valuable. By comparing six figures considered as exemplary, we highlight the distinctive and complementary impact of historical levers and brakes on the development of the practice: sporting (mega)events, the media, egalitarian public policies and federal sports policies thus seem to be decisive in describing, explaining and understanding, according to the periods selected, the processes of institutionalization and the observed cultural anchoring of so-called women’s football. Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. Hassenteufel, “De la comparaison internationale à la comparaison transnationale”.2. Dupré et al., “Les comparaisons internationales”, 15.t.3. Women’s football’ here refers to the official category of practice that formally separates women and men. Nevertheless, we subscribe to the recent contributions of gendered research applied to sports and football. See Ottogalli-Mazzacavallo, Nicaise and Bodet, “Football et femmes en France”.4. Boniface and Gomez, Quand le Football s’accorde au Féminin.5. The main reasons for this are commitment to the game, club development, professionalization, technical support, media exposure and recognition, and economic support. (Source: FIFA Benchmarking Report: Women’s Football, 2021).6. The feminization rates presented were all produced and verified for the 2017–2018 season. For more information on the subject, see: Gozillon, “Entre bancs de touche et terrains verts…”.7. The “cases” analysed were selected for several reasons: their high rates of feminization; the density of clubs and championships that organize federal practice; the large number of international matches played by women’s national teams.8. Braudel, La méditerranée et le monde méditerranéen à l’époque de Phillippe II.9. Gozillon and Hidri Neys, “The impact of (mega)sporting events?”.10. Gozillon and Bréhon, “Le processus d’institutionnalisation du football féminin au prisme des politiques publiques égalitaires”.11. Quin, “La reconstruction de la Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) après la Seconde Guerre mondiale (1944–1950)”; Vonnard, L’Europe dans le monde du football; Gozillon,Anti-jeu, passe décisive et money time..Bellegarde, “Institutionnalisation, implication, restitution”; Boure, “Réflexions autour de l’institutionnalisation des disciplines”.12. Bellegarde, “Institutionnalisation, implication, restitution”; Boure, “Réf
文集分析:Mennesson，“关于女性运动和男性运动的问题”，第106页。FFF大会纪要(1980-1988年)。乔治·布洛涅逝世。语料库分析:Mintert，《公共媒体中的女子足球》;布雷伊，《欧洲足球运动史》;考德威尔，《性别、女权主义与足球研究》;Skogvang，“挪威足球的体育/媒体综合体”;jær和Agergaard，《理解女子职业足球》;柯林斯，<民族体育和其他神话>，第108页。《文化与运动》109。Rabeux, Football fsamin。语料库分析[j]:拉伯，足球[j] . 2008。Markovits和Hellerman，“美国女子足球”，22.111。《今日秀》是一档自1952年开始播出的早间节目，是收视率最高的节目之一，每天有超过500万的观众。Markovits和Hellerman，“美国女子足球”，22.113。如上,21.114。布雷伊，《欧洲足球运动的历史》，274.115。发展最快的运动是什么?Pielichaty说，“这就像现在的平等;这又不是过去的事了。”英国足协，“成长的游戏计划”。118.英足总女子和女童足球战略:2017-2020年，英国足球协会，http://www.thefa.com/-/media/thefacom-new/files/womens/fawomensstrategydocfinal-13317.ashx?la=en(2019年7月18日访问)。Paxton和Hessler，“1989年的<s:1> <s:1> <s:1>革命和其他套件”，119。König，“1900年，足球和社会的薪金和薪金”，11.120。Pfeil，《体育与青年》(1945-1990)，第121页。布鲁伊，欧洲足球运动历史，313.122。菲斯特，《东德和西德女子足球的挑战》，第123页。Mintert，“公共媒体中的女子足球”，1994年。Ibid.125。König，“1900年足球和社会的薪金和薪金”，12.126。布雷伊，《欧洲足球运动历史》，316.127。Hjelm and Olofsson， <突破>，第128页。《欧洲足球运动的历史》[j]。[英]布鲁伊，《欧洲足球运动的历史》。瑞典足球协会，“瑞典足球”，https://svff.svenskfotboll.se/om-svff/fotbollen-i-sverige/，(2019年7月25日访问)。131。门内森，Être《一个女人的世界》，132。Ibid.133。法国足协，2011.134。35.国际业余足球协会，“超过10亿观众观看了FIFA™女足世界杯”，FIFA, https://www.fifa.com/fr/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/france2019/news/plus-d-un-milliard-de-telespectateurs-ont-suivi-la-coupe-du-monde-feminine-de-la，(访问日期:2020年5月22日)。博尼菲斯和戈麦斯，Quand le Football ' s accord au fassminin .136。《欧洲足球运动的历史》137。卢贝特·德尔·贝勒，《社会科学与职业生涯的开端》[j]。朱诺，《大的薪金和薪金的运动》，第139页。“1968”.140 Zancarini-Fournel。Rioux，“À建议des canalys - canalys - canalys - canalys - canalys - canalys”，第141页。FranceInfo Sport，“FFF预测2019年女足世界杯的“前后””，FranceInfo, https://www.francetvinfo.fr/sports/foot/coupe-du-monde-de-foot-feminin/la-fff-predit-un-avant-et-un-apres-la-coupe-du-monde-feminine-de-football-2019_3525353.html，(访问日期为2020年10月15日)。Pellistrandi，“Marc Ferro avec Emmanuel Laurentin”。
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