Pub Date : 2024-07-01eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2024.2366763
Annemieke M Witte, Marleen H M de Moor, Martine W F T Verhees, Anna M Lotz, Marinus H van IJzendoorn, Marian J Bakermans-Kranenburg
Objective. Fathers are of great importance for healthy child development. This randomized controlled study investigated the longer-term effects of an intervention using a soft baby carrier on fathers' observed sensitive caregiving, involvement, and oxytocin and cortisol levels. Design. First-time fathers were randomly assigned to use a baby carrier (n = 41) or baby seat (n = 39) and were asked to use the carrier or seat for at least 6 h per week for 3 weeks. Pretest (Mchild age = 2.67 months), posttest (Mchild age = 3.99 months), and follow-up (Mchild age = 8.25 months) father data were collected. Results. No intervention effects of baby carrier use on fathers' sensitivity, involvement, and oxytocin or cortisol levels at follow-up emerged. Unexpectedly, fathers in the baby seat condition reported an increase in the amount of time spent with the infant. Fathers' sensitivity and oxytocin levels decreased over time, while cortisol levels increased over time, irrespective of condition. Conclusions. This study showed less optimal hormonal levels in fathers over time, suggesting that support during the first months of fatherhood is needed. Furthermore, use of a baby seat may have contributed to fathers enjoying their time with their infant and consequently their involvement in child caregiving.
{"title":"Effects of a Baby Carrier Intervention on Fathers' Sensitivity, Involvement, and Hormonal Levels: Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Study.","authors":"Annemieke M Witte, Marleen H M de Moor, Martine W F T Verhees, Anna M Lotz, Marinus H van IJzendoorn, Marian J Bakermans-Kranenburg","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2024.2366763","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15295192.2024.2366763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective.</i></b> Fathers are of great importance for healthy child development. This randomized controlled study investigated the longer-term effects of an intervention using a soft baby carrier on fathers' observed sensitive caregiving, involvement, and oxytocin and cortisol levels. <b><i>Design.</i></b> First-time fathers were randomly assigned to use a baby carrier (<i>n</i> = 41) or baby seat (<i>n</i> = 39) and were asked to use the carrier or seat for at least 6 h per week for 3 weeks. Pretest (<i>M</i> <sub><i>child age</i></sub> = 2.67 months), posttest (<i>M</i> <sub><i>child age</i></sub> = 3.99 months), and follow-up (<i>M</i> <sub><i>child age</i></sub> = 8.25 months) father data were collected. <b><i>Results.</i></b> No intervention effects of baby carrier use on fathers' sensitivity, involvement, and oxytocin or cortisol levels at follow-up emerged. Unexpectedly, fathers in the baby seat condition reported an increase in the amount of time spent with the infant. Fathers' sensitivity and oxytocin levels decreased over time, while cortisol levels increased over time, irrespective of condition. <b><i>Conclusions.</i></b> This study showed less optimal hormonal levels in fathers over time, suggesting that support during the first months of fatherhood is needed. Furthermore, use of a baby seat may have contributed to fathers enjoying their time with their infant and consequently their involvement in child caregiving.</p>","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11259205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141735382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-01-02DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2023.2286454
Rebecca Waller, Yael Paz, Megan M Himes, Lauren K White, Yuheiry Rodriguez, Alesandra Gorgone, Joan Luby, Emily D Gerstein, Rebecca G Brady, Barbara H Chaiyachati, Andrea Duncan, Ran Barzilay, Sara L Kornfield, Heather H Burris, Jakob Seidlitz, Julia Parish-Morris, Nina Laney, Raquel E Gur, Wanjikũ F M Njoroge
Objective: Brief, reliable, and cost-effective methods to assess parenting are critical for advancing parenting research.
Design: We adapted the Three Bags task and Parent Child Interaction Rating System (PCIRS) for rating online visits with 219 parent-child dyads (White, n = 104 [47.5%], Black, n = 115 [52.5%]) and combined the video data with survey data collected during pregnancy and when children were aged 1.
Results: The PCIRS codes of positive regard, stimulation of child cognitive development, and sensitivity showed high reliability across the three parent-child interaction tasks. A latent positive parenting factor combining ratings across codes and tasks showed good model fit, which was similar regardless of parent self-identified race or ethnicity, age, socioeconomic disadvantage, marital/partnered status, and parity, as well as methodological factors relevant to the online video assessment method (e.g., phone vs. laptop/tablet). In support of construct validity, observed positive parenting was related to parent-reported positive parenting and child socioemotional development. Finally, parent reports of supportive relationships in pregnancy, but not neighborhood safety or pandemic worries, were prospectively related to higher positive parenting observed at age 1. With the exception of older parental age and married/partnered status, no other parent, child, sociodemographic, or methodological variables were related to higher overall video exclusions across tasks.
Conclusions: PCIRS may provide a reliable approach to rate positive parenting at age 1, providing future avenues for developing more ecologically valid assessments and implementing interventions through online encounters that may be more acceptable, accessible, or preferred among parents of young children.
{"title":"Observations of Positive Parenting from Online Parent-Child Interactions at Age 1.","authors":"Rebecca Waller, Yael Paz, Megan M Himes, Lauren K White, Yuheiry Rodriguez, Alesandra Gorgone, Joan Luby, Emily D Gerstein, Rebecca G Brady, Barbara H Chaiyachati, Andrea Duncan, Ran Barzilay, Sara L Kornfield, Heather H Burris, Jakob Seidlitz, Julia Parish-Morris, Nina Laney, Raquel E Gur, Wanjikũ F M Njoroge","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2023.2286454","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15295192.2023.2286454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Brief, reliable, and cost-effective methods to assess parenting are critical for advancing parenting research.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We adapted the Three Bags task and Parent Child Interaction Rating System (PCIRS) for rating online visits with 219 parent-child dyads (White, <i>n</i> = 104 [47.5%], Black, <i>n</i> = 115 [52.5%]) and combined the video data with survey data collected during pregnancy and when children were aged 1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PCIRS codes of positive regard, stimulation of child cognitive development, and sensitivity showed high reliability across the three parent-child interaction tasks. A latent positive parenting factor combining ratings across codes and tasks showed good model fit, which was similar regardless of parent self-identified race or ethnicity, age, socioeconomic disadvantage, marital/partnered status, and parity, as well as methodological factors relevant to the online video assessment method (e.g., phone vs. laptop/tablet). In support of construct validity, observed positive parenting was related to parent-reported positive parenting and child socioemotional development. Finally, parent reports of supportive relationships in pregnancy, but not neighborhood safety or pandemic worries, were prospectively related to higher positive parenting observed at age 1. With the exception of older parental age and married/partnered status, no other parent, child, sociodemographic, or methodological variables were related to higher overall video exclusions across tasks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PCIRS may provide a reliable approach to rate positive parenting at age 1, providing future avenues for developing more ecologically valid assessments and implementing interventions through online encounters that may be more acceptable, accessible, or preferred among parents of young children.</p>","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10766433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2023.2269240
Sarah E. Maylott, Zabin Patel-Syed, Mendel Lebowitz, Tiffany S. Leung, Elizabeth A. Simpson
SYNOPSISObjective. Maternal stress is a psychological response to the demands of motherhood. A high level of maternal stress is a risk factor for maternal mental health problems, including depression and anxiety, as well as adverse infant socioemotional and cognitive outcomes. Yet, levels of maternal stress (i.e., levels of stress related to parenting) among low-risk samples are rarely studied longitudinally, particularly in the first year after birth. Design. We measured maternal stress in an ethnically diverse sample of low-risk, healthy U.S. mothers of healthy infants (N = 143) living in South Florida across six time points between 2 weeks and 14 months postpartum using the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, capturing stress related to the mother, mother-infant interactions, and the infant. Results. Maternal distress increased as infants aged for mothers with more than one child, but not for first-time mothers whose distress levels remained low and stable across this period. Stress related to mother-infant dysfunctional interactions lessened over the first 8 months. Mothers’ stress about their infants’ difficulties decreased from 2 weeks to 6 months, and subsequently increased from 6 to 14 months. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that maternal stress is dynamic across the first year after birth. The current study adds to our understanding of typical developmental patterns in early motherhood and identifies potential domains and time points as targets for future interventions. AFFILIATIONS AND ADDRESSESSarah E. Maylott, Duke University, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Durham, NC 27712. E-mail: sarah.maylott@duke.edu. Zabin Patel-Syed is at Northwestern University, Tiffany S. Leung and Elizabeth A. Simpson are at the University of Miami, and Mendel Lebowitz is at Emory University.ARTICLE INFORMATIONConflict of Interest DisclosuresThe authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.Ethical PrinciplesThe authors affirm having followed professional ethical guidelines in preparing this work. These guidelines include obtaining informed consent from human participants, maintaining ethical treatment and respect for the rights of human or animal participants, and ensuring the privacy of participants and their data, such as ensuring that individual participants cannot be identified in reported results or from publicly available original or archival data. The University of Miami Institutional Review Board approved this study.FundingThis work was supported by a National Science Foundation CAREER Award [1653737] to EAS and an Association for Psychological Science James McKeen Cattell Fund Fellowship Sabbatical Award to EAS.Role of the Funders/SponsorsNone of the funders or sponsors of this research had any role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or decision to submit the manuscript for publication.AcknowledgmentsWe thank t
SYNOPSISObjective。母性压力是对母性需求的心理反应。产妇压力过大是产妇心理健康问题的一个风险因素，包括抑郁和焦虑，以及不利的婴儿社会情感和认知后果。然而，低风险样本中的母亲压力水平(即与养育子女有关的压力水平)很少进行纵向研究，特别是在出生后的第一年。设计。我们以生活在南佛罗里达的低风险、健康的美国母亲为样本(N = 143)，在产后2周到14个月的6个时间点上，使用育儿压力指数-短表测量了母亲的压力，捕捉了与母亲、母婴互动和婴儿相关的压力。结果。对于有多个孩子的母亲来说，随着婴儿年龄的增长，母亲的痛苦会增加，但对于第一次的母亲来说，这种痛苦水平在这一时期保持低水平和稳定。在前8个月，与母婴功能失调互动有关的压力有所减轻。母亲对婴儿困难的压力从2周至6个月下降，随后从6至14个月增加。结论。我们的研究结果表明，母亲的压力在出生后的第一年是动态的。目前的研究增加了我们对早期母亲典型发育模式的理解，并确定了未来干预的潜在领域和时间点。联系和地址萨拉·e·梅洛特，杜克大学精神病学和行为科学系，达勒姆，北卡罗来纳州27712。电子邮件:sarah.maylott@duke.edu。Zabin Patel-Syed就职于西北大学，Tiffany S. Leung和Elizabeth A. Simpson就职于迈阿密大学，Mendel Lebowitz就职于埃默里大学。文章信息利益冲突披露作者无利益冲突需要声明。伦理原则作者确认在准备这项工作时遵循了专业伦理准则。这些指导方针包括获得人类受试者的知情同意，保持对人类或动物受试者的道德待遇和尊重，并确保受试者及其数据的隐私，例如确保不能在报告的结果中或从公开的原始或档案数据中识别个体受试者。迈阿密大学机构审查委员会批准了这项研究。本研究得到了国家科学基金会职业奖[1653737]和心理科学协会James McKeen Cattell基金奖学金休假奖的支持。资助者/赞助者的作用本研究的资助者或赞助者在研究的设计和实施中没有任何作用;数据的收集、管理、分析和解释;审稿:手稿的准备、审查或批准;或决定投稿发表。我们感谢参与研究的家庭和迈阿密大学社会认知实验室的本科生研究人员在数据收集方面的帮助。我们特别感谢Roberto Lazo在参与者招募和数据管理方面的协助。数据可用性声明此数据集可根据通讯作者的合理要求提供。补充材料本文的补充数据可在https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2023.2269240上在线获取。
{"title":"Maternal Stress: The First 14 Months Postpartum","authors":"Sarah E. Maylott, Zabin Patel-Syed, Mendel Lebowitz, Tiffany S. Leung, Elizabeth A. Simpson","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2023.2269240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2023.2269240","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSISObjective. Maternal stress is a psychological response to the demands of motherhood. A high level of maternal stress is a risk factor for maternal mental health problems, including depression and anxiety, as well as adverse infant socioemotional and cognitive outcomes. Yet, levels of maternal stress (i.e., levels of stress related to parenting) among low-risk samples are rarely studied longitudinally, particularly in the first year after birth. Design. We measured maternal stress in an ethnically diverse sample of low-risk, healthy U.S. mothers of healthy infants (N = 143) living in South Florida across six time points between 2 weeks and 14 months postpartum using the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, capturing stress related to the mother, mother-infant interactions, and the infant. Results. Maternal distress increased as infants aged for mothers with more than one child, but not for first-time mothers whose distress levels remained low and stable across this period. Stress related to mother-infant dysfunctional interactions lessened over the first 8 months. Mothers’ stress about their infants’ difficulties decreased from 2 weeks to 6 months, and subsequently increased from 6 to 14 months. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that maternal stress is dynamic across the first year after birth. The current study adds to our understanding of typical developmental patterns in early motherhood and identifies potential domains and time points as targets for future interventions. AFFILIATIONS AND ADDRESSESSarah E. Maylott, Duke University, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Durham, NC 27712. E-mail: sarah.maylott@duke.edu. Zabin Patel-Syed is at Northwestern University, Tiffany S. Leung and Elizabeth A. Simpson are at the University of Miami, and Mendel Lebowitz is at Emory University.ARTICLE INFORMATIONConflict of Interest DisclosuresThe authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.Ethical PrinciplesThe authors affirm having followed professional ethical guidelines in preparing this work. These guidelines include obtaining informed consent from human participants, maintaining ethical treatment and respect for the rights of human or animal participants, and ensuring the privacy of participants and their data, such as ensuring that individual participants cannot be identified in reported results or from publicly available original or archival data. The University of Miami Institutional Review Board approved this study.FundingThis work was supported by a National Science Foundation CAREER Award [1653737] to EAS and an Association for Psychological Science James McKeen Cattell Fund Fellowship Sabbatical Award to EAS.Role of the Funders/SponsorsNone of the funders or sponsors of this research had any role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or decision to submit the manuscript for publication.AcknowledgmentsWe thank t","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135270970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2023.2268130
Marleen H. M. de Moor, Marije L. Verhage, Mirjam Oosterman
Objective. Parenting self-efficacy is an important and widely examined construct in parenting research. Yet, studies that thoroughly assess the psychometrics properties of scales that assess parenting self-efficacy are scarce. We examined the longitudinal factor structure and measurement invariance of a self-report measure of parenting self-efficacy. Design. A sample of 1,851 first-time mothers completed the 16-item Self-Efficacy in the Nurturing Role questionnaire at 12, 22, and 32 weeks gestation and 3, 12, and 24 months postnatal. Results. Factor analyses indicated that the SENR consisted of two dimensions at all timepoints: Confidence in parenting skills and Lack of insecurity/distress in the parenting role. Strict measurement invariance was found for the SENR across prenatal timepoints, but only metric measurement invariance across postnatal timepoints. Conclusions. Parenting self-efficacy is a multidimensional construct, consisting of cognitive and emotionally laden appraisals of the ability to parent. Across the transition into motherhood, as mothers gain more experience in their parenting role, parenting self-efficacy levels and the way mothers answer the questions that assess parenting self-efficacy change.
{"title":"Measuring Parenting Self-Efficacy from Pregnancy into Early Childhood: Longitudinal Factor Analysis and Measurement Invariance","authors":"Marleen H. M. de Moor, Marije L. Verhage, Mirjam Oosterman","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2023.2268130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2023.2268130","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Parenting self-efficacy is an important and widely examined construct in parenting research. Yet, studies that thoroughly assess the psychometrics properties of scales that assess parenting self-efficacy are scarce. We examined the longitudinal factor structure and measurement invariance of a self-report measure of parenting self-efficacy. Design. A sample of 1,851 first-time mothers completed the 16-item Self-Efficacy in the Nurturing Role questionnaire at 12, 22, and 32 weeks gestation and 3, 12, and 24 months postnatal. Results. Factor analyses indicated that the SENR consisted of two dimensions at all timepoints: Confidence in parenting skills and Lack of insecurity/distress in the parenting role. Strict measurement invariance was found for the SENR across prenatal timepoints, but only metric measurement invariance across postnatal timepoints. Conclusions. Parenting self-efficacy is a multidimensional construct, consisting of cognitive and emotionally laden appraisals of the ability to parent. Across the transition into motherhood, as mothers gain more experience in their parenting role, parenting self-efficacy levels and the way mothers answer the questions that assess parenting self-efficacy change.","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136376822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2023.2254344
Sarah Hoegler, Savannah Vetterly, E. Mark Cummings
SYNOPSISObjective. This study evaluated a preventive intervention to reduce destructive interparental conflict, increase constructive communication, and improve emotional security in interparental, parent-child, and family-wide relationships. Emotional Security Theory provided the theoretical bases for this program. The present focus was on an evaluation of the fathering vulnerability hypothesis, which posits that fathers and their family relationships are particularly susceptible to the effects of destructive interparental conflict. Thus, fathers may benefit especially from an intervention to improve marital and family conflict. Design. Two hundred twenty-five families with an adolescent (112 females; 11 to 17 years old, M = 13.23 years; SD = 1.57) participated, randomly assigned to a parent-adolescent condition (PA; n = 75), a parent-only condition (PO; n = 75), or a control condition (n = 75). Dyadic growth curve modeling evaluated the intervention’s effects on changes in the father-child relationship and fathers’ reports of marital quality over the course of a year. Results. Consistent with the fathering vulnerability hypothesis that fathers would benefit more from couple- and family-focused interventions, positive effects of the intervention on marital quality and attachment were identified for fathers but not mothers. Additionally, further tests directly comparing the strength of each condition’s impact on fathers and mothers revealed that the intervention had stronger positive effects on father-adolescent attachment than mother-adolescent attachment. Conclusions. These results provide a broader understanding of the beneficial effects of the present intervention and offer evidence in the context of a randomized-controlled design in support of the fathering vulnerability hypothesis. AFFILIATIONS AND ADDRESSESSarah Hoegler, Department of Psychology at the University of Notre Dame, E343B Corbett Family Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556. Email: shoegler@nd.edu. Savannah Vetterly and E. Mark Cummings are also at the University of Notre Dame.ARTICLE INFORMATIONConflict of Interest DisclosuresEach author signed a form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No authors reported any financial or other conflicts of interest in relation to the work described.Ethical PrinciplesThe study received approval from the University of Notre Dame’s Institutional Review Board (protocol number 08–156). The authors affirm having followed professional ethical guidelines in preparing this work. These guidelines include obtaining informed consent from human all participating families, maintaining ethical treatment and respect for the rights of participating families, and ensuring the privacy of participants and their data, such as ensuring that individual participants cannot be identified in reported results or from publicly available original or archival data. The data from this study is not able to be made publicly available, as the IRB protocol did not involve
SYNOPSISObjective。本研究评估了一种预防性干预，以减少破坏性的父母间冲突，增加建设性的沟通，并改善父母间、亲子和家庭关系中的情感安全。情绪安全理论为本课题提供了理论基础。目前的重点是对父亲脆弱性假说的评价，该假说认为父亲及其家庭关系特别容易受到破坏性父母间冲突的影响。因此，父亲可能特别受益于干预，以改善婚姻和家庭冲突。设计。225个有青少年的家庭(112名女性;11 ~ 17岁，M = 13.23岁;SD = 1.57)参与，随机分配到父母-青少年状态(PA;n = 75)，仅父条件(PO;N = 75)或对照条件(N = 75)。在一年的时间里，二元增长曲线模型评估了干预对父子关系变化和父亲对婚姻质量报告的影响。结果。与父亲脆弱性假说相一致的是，父亲会从以夫妻和家庭为中心的干预中获益更多，干预对婚姻质量和依恋的积极影响被确定为父亲而不是母亲。此外，进一步的测试直接比较了每个条件对父亲和母亲的影响强度，发现干预对父亲-青少年依恋的积极影响比母亲-青少年依恋的积极影响更强。结论。这些结果为当前干预的有益效果提供了更广泛的理解，并在随机对照设计的背景下为支持父亲脆弱性假说提供了证据。联系地址:sarah Hoegler, Notre Dame大学心理学系，Corbett Family Hall E343B, Notre Dame, IN 46556。电子邮件:shoegler@nd.edu。萨凡纳·维特利和e·马克·卡明斯也在圣母大学。文章信息利益冲突披露每位作者都签署了一份潜在利益冲突披露表。没有作者报告与所描述的工作有关的任何财务或其他利益冲突。伦理原则本研究已获得圣母大学机构审查委员会的批准(协议号08-156)。作者确认在准备这项工作时遵循了职业道德准则。这些指导方针包括获得所有参与家庭的知情同意，保持道德待遇和尊重参与家庭的权利，并确保参与者及其数据的隐私，例如确保不能在报告的结果中或从公开的原始或档案数据中识别个体参与者。本研究的数据不能公开，因为IRB协议没有要求参与者同意他们的数据被公开共享。然而，关于本研究中使用的材料和代码的信息可以从通讯作者处获得。本研究的资金由William T. grant基金会授予E. Mark Cummings的补助金[ID #8827]支持。资助者的作用本研究的资助者在研究的设计和实施中没有任何作用;数据的收集、管理、分析和解释;审稿:手稿的准备、审查或批准;或决定投稿发表。非常感谢所有参与这个项目的家庭，以及支持这项研究的圣母大学的学生和工作人员。本文所表达的想法和观点仅代表作者的观点，并没有得到资助机构或作者所在机构的认可，也不应被推断。
{"title":"Evaluation of a Couple- and Family-Based Intervention: Implications for the Fathering Vulnerability Hypothesis","authors":"Sarah Hoegler, Savannah Vetterly, E. Mark Cummings","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2023.2254344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2023.2254344","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSISObjective. This study evaluated a preventive intervention to reduce destructive interparental conflict, increase constructive communication, and improve emotional security in interparental, parent-child, and family-wide relationships. Emotional Security Theory provided the theoretical bases for this program. The present focus was on an evaluation of the fathering vulnerability hypothesis, which posits that fathers and their family relationships are particularly susceptible to the effects of destructive interparental conflict. Thus, fathers may benefit especially from an intervention to improve marital and family conflict. Design. Two hundred twenty-five families with an adolescent (112 females; 11 to 17 years old, M = 13.23 years; SD = 1.57) participated, randomly assigned to a parent-adolescent condition (PA; n = 75), a parent-only condition (PO; n = 75), or a control condition (n = 75). Dyadic growth curve modeling evaluated the intervention’s effects on changes in the father-child relationship and fathers’ reports of marital quality over the course of a year. Results. Consistent with the fathering vulnerability hypothesis that fathers would benefit more from couple- and family-focused interventions, positive effects of the intervention on marital quality and attachment were identified for fathers but not mothers. Additionally, further tests directly comparing the strength of each condition’s impact on fathers and mothers revealed that the intervention had stronger positive effects on father-adolescent attachment than mother-adolescent attachment. Conclusions. These results provide a broader understanding of the beneficial effects of the present intervention and offer evidence in the context of a randomized-controlled design in support of the fathering vulnerability hypothesis. AFFILIATIONS AND ADDRESSESSarah Hoegler, Department of Psychology at the University of Notre Dame, E343B Corbett Family Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556. Email: shoegler@nd.edu. Savannah Vetterly and E. Mark Cummings are also at the University of Notre Dame.ARTICLE INFORMATIONConflict of Interest DisclosuresEach author signed a form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No authors reported any financial or other conflicts of interest in relation to the work described.Ethical PrinciplesThe study received approval from the University of Notre Dame’s Institutional Review Board (protocol number 08–156). The authors affirm having followed professional ethical guidelines in preparing this work. These guidelines include obtaining informed consent from human all participating families, maintaining ethical treatment and respect for the rights of participating families, and ensuring the privacy of participants and their data, such as ensuring that individual participants cannot be identified in reported results or from publicly available original or archival data. The data from this study is not able to be made publicly available, as the IRB protocol did not involve","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135385582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2023.2250827
W. Andrew Rothenberg, Marc H. Bornstein
SYNOPSISObjective. Cognitive and socioemotional caregiving practices are both important for child development, but little is known about the extent to which children’s different caregivers engage in the two types of practices or their relative effects on child development, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Design. The current study investigates how often mothers, fathers, and children’s other caregivers in 159,959 families from 51 LMICs engage in cognitive versus socioemotional caregiving practices, associations between these caregiving practices, and how the balance between these practices predicts child development. Results. Caregivers reportedly engage in more socioemotional than cognitive caregiving practices in all LMICs examined at all levels of national development. The more mothers, fathers, and other caregivers reportedly engage in cognitive caregiving practices, the more they engage in socioemotional parenting practices. Engaging in cognitive caregiving practices is the strongest predictor of early childhood development when considering cognitive caregiving, socioemotional caregiving, and the balance between the two types of caregiving. Conclusions. Promoting increased caregiver use of cognitive caregiving and integration of cognitive and socioemotional caregiving could close the gap between the number of cognitive and socioemotional caregiving activities parents engage in and potentially promote child development in LMICs. AFFILIATIONS AND ADDRESSESW. Andrew Rothenberg, Duke University Center for Child and Family Policy, 302 Towerview Road, Durham, NC, 27708. EMAIL: war15@duke.edu. Marc H. Bornstein is at the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, UNICEF, and the Institute for Fiscal Studies.ARTICLE INFORMATIONConflict of Interest DisclosuresEach author signed a form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. Neither author reported any financial or other conflicts of interest in relation to the work described.Ethical PrinciplesThe authors affirm having followed professional ethical guidelines in preparing this work. UNICEF obtained informed consent from human participants, maintaining ethical treatment and respect for the rights of human or animal participants, and ensuring the privacy of participants and their data, such as ensuring that individual participants cannot be identified in reported results or from publicly available original or archival data.FundingThis work was not supported by institutional funding.Role of the Funders/SponsorsNo sponsors of this research had any role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or decision to submit the manuscript for publication.AcknowledgmentsThe ideas and opinions expressed herein are those of the authors alone, and endorsement by the authors’ Institutions is not intended and should not be inferred.Supplem
SYNOPSISObjective。认知和社会情感护理实践对儿童发展都很重要，但人们对儿童的不同照顾者参与这两种实践的程度或它们对儿童发展的相对影响知之甚少，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家。设计。目前的研究调查了来自51个低收入中低收入国家的159,959个家庭的母亲，父亲和儿童的其他照顾者参与认知与社会情感照顾实践的频率，这些照顾实践之间的联系，以及这些实践之间的平衡如何预测儿童的发展。结果。据报道，在所有低收入中低收入国家的所有发展水平中，护理人员从事更多的社会情感护理而不是认知护理实践。据报道，越多的母亲、父亲和其他照顾者参与认知护理实践，他们参与社会情感育儿实践的次数就越多。当考虑到认知照顾、社会情感照顾以及两种照顾之间的平衡时，参与认知照顾实践是儿童早期发展的最强预测因子。结论。促进照顾者使用更多的认知照顾以及认知和社会情感照顾的整合可以缩小父母参与的认知和社会情感照顾活动之间的差距，并有可能促进中低收入国家儿童的发展。联系单位和地址。安德鲁·罗森伯格，杜克大学儿童与家庭政策中心，塔维尤路302号，达勒姆，北卡罗来纳州，27708。电子邮件:war15@duke.edu。马克·h·伯恩斯坦(Marc H. bernstein)就职于联合国儿童基金会尤尼斯·肯尼迪·施莱佛国家儿童健康与人类发展研究所和财政研究所。文章信息利益冲突披露每位作者都签署了一份潜在利益冲突披露表。作者均未报告与所描述的工作有关的任何财务或其他利益冲突。伦理原则作者确认在准备这项工作时遵循了专业伦理准则。儿童基金会获得了人类参与者的知情同意，保持了对人类或动物参与者的道德待遇和尊重，并确保参与者及其数据的隐私，例如确保不能在报告的结果中或从公开的原始或档案数据中识别个人参与者。这项工作没有得到机构资助。资助者/赞助者的作用本研究的赞助者在研究的设计和实施中没有任何作用;数据的收集、管理、分析和解释;审稿:手稿的准备、审查或批准;或决定投稿发表。在此表达的想法和观点仅代表作者的观点，作者所在机构的认可不是有意的，也不应该被推断出来。补充材料本文的补充数据可在https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2023.2250827上在线获取
{"title":"Cognitive and Socioemotional Caregiving in Mothers, Fathers, and Children’s Other Caregivers from 51 Low- and Middle-Income Countries","authors":"W. Andrew Rothenberg, Marc H. Bornstein","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2023.2250827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2023.2250827","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSISObjective. Cognitive and socioemotional caregiving practices are both important for child development, but little is known about the extent to which children’s different caregivers engage in the two types of practices or their relative effects on child development, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Design. The current study investigates how often mothers, fathers, and children’s other caregivers in 159,959 families from 51 LMICs engage in cognitive versus socioemotional caregiving practices, associations between these caregiving practices, and how the balance between these practices predicts child development. Results. Caregivers reportedly engage in more socioemotional than cognitive caregiving practices in all LMICs examined at all levels of national development. The more mothers, fathers, and other caregivers reportedly engage in cognitive caregiving practices, the more they engage in socioemotional parenting practices. Engaging in cognitive caregiving practices is the strongest predictor of early childhood development when considering cognitive caregiving, socioemotional caregiving, and the balance between the two types of caregiving. Conclusions. Promoting increased caregiver use of cognitive caregiving and integration of cognitive and socioemotional caregiving could close the gap between the number of cognitive and socioemotional caregiving activities parents engage in and potentially promote child development in LMICs. AFFILIATIONS AND ADDRESSESW. Andrew Rothenberg, Duke University Center for Child and Family Policy, 302 Towerview Road, Durham, NC, 27708. EMAIL: war15@duke.edu. Marc H. Bornstein is at the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, UNICEF, and the Institute for Fiscal Studies.ARTICLE INFORMATIONConflict of Interest DisclosuresEach author signed a form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. Neither author reported any financial or other conflicts of interest in relation to the work described.Ethical PrinciplesThe authors affirm having followed professional ethical guidelines in preparing this work. UNICEF obtained informed consent from human participants, maintaining ethical treatment and respect for the rights of human or animal participants, and ensuring the privacy of participants and their data, such as ensuring that individual participants cannot be identified in reported results or from publicly available original or archival data.FundingThis work was not supported by institutional funding.Role of the Funders/SponsorsNo sponsors of this research had any role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or decision to submit the manuscript for publication.AcknowledgmentsThe ideas and opinions expressed herein are those of the authors alone, and endorsement by the authors’ Institutions is not intended and should not be inferred.Supplem","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136136715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. Both parents may report high levels of stress during the perinatal period with possible negative consequences for parental well-being and child development. Parental sense of efficacy moderates the effect of stress. To date, no studies have assessed links between parental stress and mother-father-infant interactions in terms of family alliance and the extent to which each parent’s sense of efficacy moderates these links. Design. In this study, 65 dual-parent families answered a questionnaire about parental stress between 36 and 38 weeks of pregnancy and at 3 months after birth. Families were also observed while playing with their 3-month-old infant in the Lausanne Trilogue Play, and they completed a questionnaire about parental efficacy. Results. Structural equation modeling analyses showed that higher maternal or paternal postnatal stress has a direct link with higher family alliance and the links between stress and family alliance are moderated by complex interaction effects between maternal and paternal senses of efficacy. Conclusions. This study shows the necessity of considering the interaction between the senses of self-efficacy of both parents as moderators of parenting stress.
{"title":"The Interplay Between Maternal and Paternal Senses of Efficacy Moderates the Link Between Perinatal Parental Stress and Family Alliance at 3 Months","authors":"Nicolas Favez, Valentine Rattaz, Nilo Puglisi, Chantal Razurel, Manuella Epiney, Hervé Tissot","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2023.2254818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2023.2254818","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Both parents may report high levels of stress during the perinatal period with possible negative consequences for parental well-being and child development. Parental sense of efficacy moderates the effect of stress. To date, no studies have assessed links between parental stress and mother-father-infant interactions in terms of family alliance and the extent to which each parent’s sense of efficacy moderates these links. Design. In this study, 65 dual-parent families answered a questionnaire about parental stress between 36 and 38 weeks of pregnancy and at 3 months after birth. Families were also observed while playing with their 3-month-old infant in the Lausanne Trilogue Play, and they completed a questionnaire about parental efficacy. Results. Structural equation modeling analyses showed that higher maternal or paternal postnatal stress has a direct link with higher family alliance and the links between stress and family alliance are moderated by complex interaction effects between maternal and paternal senses of efficacy. Conclusions. This study shows the necessity of considering the interaction between the senses of self-efficacy of both parents as moderators of parenting stress.","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2023.2247028
R. Bradley, Robert F Corwyn
SYNOPSIS Objective. The study documents how the personality trait of neuroticism is implicated in two aspects of parenting under two forms of challenge, low income and rearing a difficult child. Design. Relations of maternal neuroticism with sensitivity and stimulation in parenting and the total HOME score were examined when children were 54 months old and 5th grade, with a focus on how neuroticism moderates the effect of low household income and child temperament on parenting. Results. Mothers high in neuroticism were less likely to manifest sensitivity or provide stimulation. Maternal neuroticism moderated the effects of low income on sensitivity, stimulation, and the overall home environment, particularly at 54 months. However, significant interactions between maternal neuroticism and child difficult temperament were only found for the total HOME score at age 11. Conclusions. Living in adverse circumstances may make it difficult for mothers with neuroticism to engage productively in parenting.
{"title":"Mothers with Neuroticism: Parenting When Faced with Challenges","authors":"R. Bradley, Robert F Corwyn","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2023.2247028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2023.2247028","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSIS Objective. The study documents how the personality trait of neuroticism is implicated in two aspects of parenting under two forms of challenge, low income and rearing a difficult child. Design. Relations of maternal neuroticism with sensitivity and stimulation in parenting and the total HOME score were examined when children were 54 months old and 5th grade, with a focus on how neuroticism moderates the effect of low household income and child temperament on parenting. Results. Mothers high in neuroticism were less likely to manifest sensitivity or provide stimulation. Maternal neuroticism moderated the effects of low income on sensitivity, stimulation, and the overall home environment, particularly at 54 months. However, significant interactions between maternal neuroticism and child difficult temperament were only found for the total HOME score at age 11. Conclusions. Living in adverse circumstances may make it difficult for mothers with neuroticism to engage productively in parenting.","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78407997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2023.2236171
Yukihiro Kitagawa, Daneele Thorpe, K. Bernard
SYNOPSIS Objective. Maternal nurturance to infant distress is associated with positive child developmental outcomes including greater attachment security, emotion regulation skills, and social and behavioral competencies. However, factors at multiple levels of parents’ environments may impede parents’ ability to respond sensitively to their infants’ distress. This study examined whether household-level burden (low maternal education, financial need) and neighborhood-level resources (distribution of educational, health/environmental, and socio/economic resources in a community) are associated with parents’ beliefs about infant crying and observed maternal nurturance to infant distress. Design. Ninety-nine mothers (M age = 28.99 years, SD = 5.41) of 6- to 12- month-old infants (42.4% female) completed questionnaires assessing household-level burden as well as the Infant Crying Questionnaire (ICQ) during a home visit. Mother-infant interactions were also filmed to assess maternal sensitivity to infant distress. Results. In separate models, higher household burden and reduced neighborhood resources were associated with increased maladaptive beliefs about infant crying and reduced nurturance to distress. When considered together, household burden was uniquely associated with maternal nurturance. Conclusions. Implications for intervention include considering efforts at both the household and neighborhood levels to address multi-systemic disparities that families experience in efforts to promote greater maternal nurturance.
{"title":"Ecological Predictors of Maternal Nurturance to Distress and Beliefs About Infant Crying: Examining the Roles of Household and Neighborhood Resources","authors":"Yukihiro Kitagawa, Daneele Thorpe, K. Bernard","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2023.2236171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2023.2236171","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSIS Objective. Maternal nurturance to infant distress is associated with positive child developmental outcomes including greater attachment security, emotion regulation skills, and social and behavioral competencies. However, factors at multiple levels of parents’ environments may impede parents’ ability to respond sensitively to their infants’ distress. This study examined whether household-level burden (low maternal education, financial need) and neighborhood-level resources (distribution of educational, health/environmental, and socio/economic resources in a community) are associated with parents’ beliefs about infant crying and observed maternal nurturance to infant distress. Design. Ninety-nine mothers (M age = 28.99 years, SD = 5.41) of 6- to 12- month-old infants (42.4% female) completed questionnaires assessing household-level burden as well as the Infant Crying Questionnaire (ICQ) during a home visit. Mother-infant interactions were also filmed to assess maternal sensitivity to infant distress. Results. In separate models, higher household burden and reduced neighborhood resources were associated with increased maladaptive beliefs about infant crying and reduced nurturance to distress. When considered together, household burden was uniquely associated with maternal nurturance. Conclusions. Implications for intervention include considering efforts at both the household and neighborhood levels to address multi-systemic disparities that families experience in efforts to promote greater maternal nurturance.","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90465948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2023.2243500
H. Lu, Anting Yang, Yuan Yuan Liu, Nan Zhu, Lei Chang
SYNOPSIS Objective. For most animals, extrinsic mortality risks drive a fast life history (LH) strategy in which animals disregard risks and accelerate reproduction. Instead of perpetuating mortality driving fast LH, humans have reduced almost all mortality risks in living environments, resulting in a significant slowing of LH. Additionally, humans exhibit invested parenting which entails teaching their young survival or mortality reduction skills. Could parenting provide an additional pathway to the development and slowing of human LH? Design. Data reported here come from interviews and questionnaires administered to a community sample of 286 rural Chinese parents and their children when the children were on average 7, 8, and 11 years old. Results. Parental acceptance statistically mediates and moderates the longitudinal association between environmental adversities and children’s LH. Conclusions. Parenting breaks the species-general contingency between mortality conditions and fast offspring LH strategies and provides an additional pathway to the development and slowing of human LH.
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