Sarah E. Patterson, Adriana Reyes, Huijing Wu, Emily M. Agree, Sung S. Park, Amilcar Matos‐Moreno, Gabriella Oudsema
As the population ages and families become increasingly diverse, more work is needed to understand expectations for families to care for older adults. In this review, we discuss the theoretical frameworks and conceptualizations used to study care expectations, summarize overarching findings about theories of care expectations and corresponding measurement, and propose future directions for research. We examined studies published between January 2011 and December 2023 that focused on the United States. There was little theoretical agreement across studies, with intergenerational solidarity's concept of familism being most prevalent. Terminology and conceptualization of care expectations varied. Most survey items or scales used broad definitions of care and/or family, focused solely on adult children, or had only one item available. Future research should include the development of family theories and more nuanced measures of expectations, specifically by caregiver role/relationship, for specific tasks, and/or the health conditions of older adults receiving care.
{"title":"Expectations for Families to Care for Older Adults in the United States: Rapid Scoping Review 2011–2023","authors":"Sarah E. Patterson, Adriana Reyes, Huijing Wu, Emily M. Agree, Sung S. Park, Amilcar Matos‐Moreno, Gabriella Oudsema","doi":"10.1111/jftr.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.70042","url":null,"abstract":"As the population ages and families become increasingly diverse, more work is needed to understand expectations for families to care for older adults. In this review, we discuss the theoretical frameworks and conceptualizations used to study care expectations, summarize overarching findings about theories of care expectations and corresponding measurement, and propose future directions for research. We examined studies published between January 2011 and December 2023 that focused on the United States. There was little theoretical agreement across studies, with intergenerational solidarity's concept of familism being most prevalent. Terminology and conceptualization of care expectations varied. Most survey items or scales used broad definitions of care and/or family, focused solely on adult children, or had only one item available. Future research should include the development of family theories and more nuanced measures of expectations, specifically by caregiver role/relationship, for specific tasks, and/or the health conditions of older adults receiving care.","PeriodicalId":47446,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Theory & Review","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146032731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Critical, Empathetic, and Mindful Relations (CEMR) integrates three interdependent capacities to strengthen relationships: (a) critical understanding (of structure), the ability to reflect on and interrogate sociocultural influences; (b) empathy (toward others), the capacity to attune to and validate the emotional experiences of others without judgment; and (c) mindfulness (of self), the practice of present‐centered awareness that enables emotional regulation and non‐reactive engagement. These capacities operate across three dimensions: societal, interpersonal, and personal. Originally developed through classroom pedagogy, CEMR provides teachable and transferable mechanisms such as storytelling, lounge time, breathing exercises, and turn‐taking dialog that promote connection. I apply CEMR to parenting to show how these capacities help families navigate stress, digital distraction, and performance‐driven norms, while also extending relevance to romantic partnerships, educational settings, and workplace interactions. Grounded in social capital theory and informed by student narratives, CEMR bridges structure with daily practices, offering a skills‐based model for advancing family science.
{"title":"Critical, Empathetic, and Mindful Relations (CEMR): A Relationship‐Building Theory","authors":"Sothy Eng","doi":"10.1111/jftr.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.70041","url":null,"abstract":"Critical, Empathetic, and Mindful Relations (CEMR) integrates three interdependent capacities to strengthen relationships: (a) critical understanding (of structure), the ability to reflect on and interrogate sociocultural influences; (b) empathy (toward others), the capacity to attune to and validate the emotional experiences of others without judgment; and (c) mindfulness (of self), the practice of present‐centered awareness that enables emotional regulation and non‐reactive engagement. These capacities operate across three dimensions: societal, interpersonal, and personal. Originally developed through classroom pedagogy, CEMR provides teachable and transferable mechanisms such as storytelling, lounge time, breathing exercises, and turn‐taking dialog that promote connection. I apply CEMR to parenting to show how these capacities help families navigate stress, digital distraction, and performance‐driven norms, while also extending relevance to romantic partnerships, educational settings, and workplace interactions. Grounded in social capital theory and informed by student narratives, CEMR bridges structure with daily practices, offering a skills‐based model for advancing family science.","PeriodicalId":47446,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Theory & Review","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145897321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Given the often‐unacknowledged emotional realities in theory and practice around masculinities and fatherhood, working with fathers in family therapy needs ongoing attention. Therapists' efforts can be enhanced through attending to how men and fathers may have been socialized towards restrictive masculine ideologies (e.g., devaluing emotional experience) and how relevant behavioral patterns, contextualized in gender privilege, are perpetuated through the internal experience of men being afraid but not knowing it. We offer an attachment and emotion framework for masculine socialization and clinically working with men and fathers; that is, fathers' caregiving instincts and capacity to provide development‐promoting care for their children are thwarted because they are constrained by their legitimate fear of their emotions. We review the literature on working with men and fathers in therapy (which is primarily on cisgender men), recommend ways to strengthen this aspect of therapy, drawing from the framework of attachment theory, and recognize the need for a more inclusive framework to address the heterogeneity of being a man and father.
{"title":"Fathers Are Frightened but May Not Know It: Considering Masculinity and Attachment When Working With Fathers in Family Therapy","authors":"Allen K. Sabey, Jakob F. Jensen, Brandon Jacobs","doi":"10.1111/jftr.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.70040","url":null,"abstract":"Given the often‐unacknowledged emotional realities in theory and practice around masculinities and fatherhood, working with fathers in family therapy needs ongoing attention. Therapists' efforts can be enhanced through attending to how men and fathers may have been socialized towards restrictive masculine ideologies (e.g., devaluing emotional experience) and how relevant behavioral patterns, contextualized in gender privilege, are perpetuated through the internal experience of men being afraid but not knowing it. We offer an attachment and emotion framework for masculine socialization and clinically working with men and fathers; that is, fathers' caregiving instincts and capacity to provide development‐promoting care for their children are thwarted because they are constrained by their legitimate fear of their emotions. We review the literature on working with men and fathers in therapy (which is primarily on cisgender men), recommend ways to strengthen this aspect of therapy, drawing from the framework of attachment theory, and recognize the need for a more inclusive framework to address the heterogeneity of being a man and father.","PeriodicalId":47446,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Theory & Review","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145844755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashley B. LeBaron‐Black, Nathan D. Leonhardt, Sofia C. Suxo‐Sanchez, Elise Rich, Fangyuan M. Broadbent
We present a meta‐analysis of the associations between parent financial socialization during childhood/adolescence and financial outcomes in emerging adulthood, synthesizing results from 39 studies presented in 36 articles. The articles were identified via a systematic review. Parent financial socialization was positively associated with financial outcomes generally and with financial attitudes, financial behavior, financial knowledge, and financial wellbeing specifically, but not with financial capabilities. The association with financial outcomes generally depended on study location, sample gender, sample parental income, sample parental education level, and sample socioeconomic status (SES). To improve emerging adults' financial wellbeing and other financial outcomes, practitioners and policymakers should support parents in providing high‐quality financial socialization to their children and adolescents. Parent financial socialization may be especially important for lower‐SES children/adolescents (based on overall SES) but may not be as effective for those whose parents do not have sufficient education (based solely on parents' education level).
{"title":"Parent Financial Socialization and Financial Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis","authors":"Ashley B. LeBaron‐Black, Nathan D. Leonhardt, Sofia C. Suxo‐Sanchez, Elise Rich, Fangyuan M. Broadbent","doi":"10.1111/jftr.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.70037","url":null,"abstract":"We present a meta‐analysis of the associations between parent financial socialization during childhood/adolescence and financial outcomes in emerging adulthood, synthesizing results from 39 studies presented in 36 articles. The articles were identified via a systematic review. Parent financial socialization was positively associated with financial outcomes generally and with financial attitudes, financial behavior, financial knowledge, and financial wellbeing specifically, but not with financial capabilities. The association with financial outcomes generally depended on study location, sample gender, sample parental income, sample parental education level, and sample socioeconomic status (SES). To improve emerging adults' financial wellbeing and other financial outcomes, practitioners and policymakers should support parents in providing high‐quality financial socialization to their children and adolescents. Parent financial socialization may be especially important for lower‐SES children/adolescents (based on overall SES) but may not be as effective for those whose parents do not have sufficient education (based solely on parents' education level).","PeriodicalId":47446,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Theory & Review","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145770608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Grandmothering While Black: A Twenty‐First‐Century Story of Love, Coercion, and Survival. By Lashawnda L.Pittman. University of California Press, Oakland, California, 2023. 336 pp. $92.04 (hardcover). ISBN: 978‐0‐52‐038995‐3; $29.95 (paperback). ISBN: 978‐0‐52‐038996‐0; $29.95 (ebook). ISBN: 978‐0‐52‐038997‐7","authors":"Elliana McKinney","doi":"10.1111/jftr.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.70036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47446,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Theory & Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145765089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This conceptual article develops a bioecological framework to explain how multiple forms of support shape mothers' transitions from pregnancy through maternity leave and workforce reintegration. Grounded in Bronfenbrenner's Process–Person–Context–Time (PPCT) model, the framework reconceptualizes emotional, instrumental, informational, appraisal, social, and structural supports as proximal processes that operate across micro‐, meso‐, exo‐, and macrosystems. By specifying how these supports evolve through the chronosystem's temporal phases, the model advances family theory by linking ecological systems to maternal adaptation and labor force retention. This integrative framework offers new directions for research and policy on maternal well‐being, family dynamics, and gendered work–family transitions.
{"title":"A Bioecological Framework for Supporting Mothers From Pregnancy to Workforce Reintegration","authors":"Letícia Barbano","doi":"10.1111/jftr.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.70039","url":null,"abstract":"This conceptual article develops a bioecological framework to explain how multiple forms of support shape mothers' transitions from pregnancy through maternity leave and workforce reintegration. Grounded in Bronfenbrenner's Process–Person–Context–Time (PPCT) model, the framework reconceptualizes emotional, instrumental, informational, appraisal, social, and structural supports as proximal processes that operate across micro‐, meso‐, exo‐, and macrosystems. By specifying how these supports evolve through the chronosystem's temporal phases, the model advances family theory by linking ecological systems to maternal adaptation and labor force retention. This integrative framework offers new directions for research and policy on maternal well‐being, family dynamics, and gendered work–family transitions.","PeriodicalId":47446,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Theory & Review","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We introduce a triadic caregiving model—matched care, misguided care, and withdrawn care—to complement the parental acceptance and rejection conceptualization. While the binary conceptualization captures the behavioral responses and mental health impacts of parental reactions to LGB children, parents' motivations and narratives are often overlooked. Gaining insight into these motivations can enhance engagement strategies and identify opportunities for strengthening and rebuilding parent–child relationships. Grounded in attachment theory and emotionally focused family therapy, the proposed triadic model directs attention toward the caregiving intentions behind parental behaviors and their alignment with the child's attachment needs: (a) Matched care describes attuned and affirming behaviors; (b) misguided care captures over‐involved or controlling actions based on misinformation; and (c) withdrawn care reflects emotionally distant responses stemming from personal distress or self‐protection. By reframing parental responses as caregiving strategies, whether effective or misaligned, this model offers a compassionate and actionable lens for understanding parent–child dynamics. It has practical implications for clinical work and research by supporting more individualized, systemic, and reparative interventions that promote family reconciliation and stronger relational bonds following an LGB child's coming out.
{"title":"Beyond Acceptance and Rejection: A Caregiving Conceptualization for Understanding Parental Responses to Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Children","authors":"Jun Wei Liow, Yu‐Te Huang","doi":"10.1111/jftr.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.70038","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a triadic caregiving model—matched care, misguided care, and withdrawn care—to complement the parental acceptance and rejection conceptualization. While the binary conceptualization captures the behavioral responses and mental health impacts of parental reactions to LGB children, parents' motivations and narratives are often overlooked. Gaining insight into these motivations can enhance engagement strategies and identify opportunities for strengthening and rebuilding parent–child relationships. Grounded in attachment theory and emotionally focused family therapy, the proposed triadic model directs attention toward the caregiving intentions behind parental behaviors and their alignment with the child's attachment needs: (a) Matched care describes attuned and affirming behaviors; (b) misguided care captures over‐involved or controlling actions based on misinformation; and (c) withdrawn care reflects emotionally distant responses stemming from personal distress or self‐protection. By reframing parental responses as caregiving strategies, whether effective or misaligned, this model offers a compassionate and actionable lens for understanding parent–child dynamics. It has practical implications for clinical work and research by supporting more individualized, systemic, and reparative interventions that promote family reconciliation and stronger relational bonds following an LGB child's coming out.","PeriodicalId":47446,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Theory & Review","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145730887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Are men becoming more caring? Is masculinity evolving to align with the ethics and principles of care? Drawing on literature on care work, the ethics of care, and the four principles of bioethics, we identify three dimensions of care: as work, as ethical frameworks emphasizing empathy and compassion, and as moral principles such as non‐maleficence (i.e., do no harm). We then examine how these dimensions intersect with shifts in masculinity and men's roles in caregiving. While earlier scholarship often depicted care as central to femininity and incompatible with masculinity, recent research on new fatherhood, caring masculinity, and inclusive masculinity suggests that some men are adopting more relational and empathetic identities. Simultaneously, the global rise of toxic masculinity represents a clear rejection of care. This article presents a nuanced view of the evolving relationship between masculinity and care and argues for multifaceted, contextual, and intersectional analysis.
{"title":"Three Dimensions of Care and Their Relationships With Caring, Inclusive, and Toxic Masculinity","authors":"Susanne Y. P. Choi, Alicia M. Barry","doi":"10.1111/jftr.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.70035","url":null,"abstract":"Are men becoming more caring? Is masculinity evolving to align with the ethics and principles of care? Drawing on literature on care work, the ethics of care, and the four principles of bioethics, we identify three dimensions of care: as work, as ethical frameworks emphasizing empathy and compassion, and as moral principles such as non‐maleficence (i.e., do no harm). We then examine how these dimensions intersect with shifts in masculinity and men's roles in caregiving. While earlier scholarship often depicted care as central to femininity and incompatible with masculinity, recent research on new fatherhood, caring masculinity, and inclusive masculinity suggests that some men are adopting more relational and empathetic identities. Simultaneously, the global rise of toxic masculinity represents a clear rejection of care. This article presents a nuanced view of the evolving relationship between masculinity and care and argues for multifaceted, contextual, and intersectional analysis.","PeriodicalId":47446,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Theory & Review","volume":"172 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145610921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research on family structure diversity and youth well‐being has largely aligned with deficit orientations, emphasizing that living in structurally diverse families is a potential risk‐factor for youth well‐being and development. In this article, I advocate for increased strengths‐based scholarship on youth living in structurally diverse families by centering this research with positive youth development (PYD) frameworks. Broadly, PYD frameworks orient scholars toward viewing youth holistically, attending to positive indicators of well‐being as well as how youth capacities and experiences intersect with family and community resources to promote flourishing and thriving. Approaching family structure diversity and youth well‐being from a PYD perspective provides an important counter to the deficit perspective that dominates research on youth living in structurally diverse families. I review models of PYD and provide specific guidance for how family scientists can incorporate PYD outcomes and processes into family structure scholarship.
{"title":"Positive Youth Development for Youth Living in Structurally Diverse Families","authors":"Jonathon J. Beckmeyer","doi":"10.1111/jftr.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.70034","url":null,"abstract":"Research on family structure diversity and youth well‐being has largely aligned with deficit orientations, emphasizing that living in structurally diverse families is a potential risk‐factor for youth well‐being and development. In this article, I advocate for increased strengths‐based scholarship on youth living in structurally diverse families by centering this research with positive youth development (PYD) frameworks. Broadly, PYD frameworks orient scholars toward viewing youth holistically, attending to positive indicators of well‐being as well as how youth capacities and experiences intersect with family and community resources to promote flourishing and thriving. Approaching family structure diversity and youth well‐being from a PYD perspective provides an important counter to the deficit perspective that dominates research on youth living in structurally diverse families. I review models of PYD and provide specific guidance for how family scientists can incorporate PYD outcomes and processes into family structure scholarship.","PeriodicalId":47446,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Theory & Review","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145609034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sterling T. Shumway, Thomas G. Kimball, Spencer D. Bradshaw, Soon Cho, Kai‐Tang Chang
Addiction is a complex biopsychosocial phenomenon impacting not only individuals but also their proximal family members. We introduce a theoretical model that integrates research and clinical insights across biopsychosocial domains to explain the development, manifestation, and systemic effects of addiction. Rooted in the understanding of addiction as a brain disease, the model emphasizes the role of neurochemical processes in the midbrain, particularly dopamine‐driven survival mechanisms, in the progression of both substance and behavioral addictions. Genetic predisposition, coupled with internal wounds and external behaviors, accelerates compulsive and impulsive behavioral response patterns. Through the family systems theory perspective, this theoretical model can be extended to family dynamics and highlights how family members, through exposure to fear, stress, trauma, and attachment wounds often exhibit comparable compulsive and impulsive behaviors. This model underscores the systemic impact of addiction on individuals and families, offering a foundation for improved treatment interventions rooted in family systems theory.
{"title":"The Systemic Model of the Brain Disease of Addiction: A Holistic and Comprehensive Theoretical Perspective","authors":"Sterling T. Shumway, Thomas G. Kimball, Spencer D. Bradshaw, Soon Cho, Kai‐Tang Chang","doi":"10.1111/jftr.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.70030","url":null,"abstract":"Addiction is a complex biopsychosocial phenomenon impacting not only individuals but also their proximal family members. We introduce a theoretical model that integrates research and clinical insights across biopsychosocial domains to explain the development, manifestation, and systemic effects of addiction. Rooted in the understanding of addiction as a brain disease, the model emphasizes the role of neurochemical processes in the midbrain, particularly dopamine‐driven survival mechanisms, in the progression of both substance and behavioral addictions. Genetic predisposition, coupled with internal wounds and external behaviors, accelerates compulsive and impulsive behavioral response patterns. Through the family systems theory perspective, this theoretical model can be extended to family dynamics and highlights how family members, through exposure to fear, stress, trauma, and attachment wounds often exhibit comparable compulsive and impulsive behaviors. This model underscores the systemic impact of addiction on individuals and families, offering a foundation for improved treatment interventions rooted in family systems theory.","PeriodicalId":47446,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Theory & Review","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145599215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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