Pub Date : 2023-06-12DOI: 10.1080/00934690.2023.2219933
Hyunsoo Lee, Younghun Kim, Gyoung-Ah Lee
ABSTRACT This paper examines the traditional ecological knowledge that existed for generations along the southern coast in Korea with an example from the site of Gungokri. Traditional subsistence along the Korean coast and islands is known as half-farming and half-fishing, Ban-nong ban-eoh in Korean, and we argue that this strategy applies to over 500 years of history at the site. Our data from 150 b.c.–a.d. 400 focuses on archaeobotanical remains recovered from floated sediments, 25 radiocarbon dates, and starch granules extracted from vessels. Our research indicates that Gungokri residents practiced a rotation of crops in both wetlands and uplands to prevent the loss of soil nutrition and erosion from seawater. Furthermore, they diversified food resources by fishing, shellfishing, hunting, and harvesting wild plants from forest edges and wetlands. This type of long-term resilience and ecological flexibility in coastal adaptation was achieved through niche construction of complex seasonal resource management and inheritance of traditional ecological knowledge.
{"title":"Niche Construction of Ban-nong ban-eoh in Southwestern Korea: Archaeobotanical Data from the Early Iron to Three Kingdoms Periods","authors":"Hyunsoo Lee, Younghun Kim, Gyoung-Ah Lee","doi":"10.1080/00934690.2023.2219933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2023.2219933","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper examines the traditional ecological knowledge that existed for generations along the southern coast in Korea with an example from the site of Gungokri. Traditional subsistence along the Korean coast and islands is known as half-farming and half-fishing, Ban-nong ban-eoh in Korean, and we argue that this strategy applies to over 500 years of history at the site. Our data from 150 b.c.–a.d. 400 focuses on archaeobotanical remains recovered from floated sediments, 25 radiocarbon dates, and starch granules extracted from vessels. Our research indicates that Gungokri residents practiced a rotation of crops in both wetlands and uplands to prevent the loss of soil nutrition and erosion from seawater. Furthermore, they diversified food resources by fishing, shellfishing, hunting, and harvesting wild plants from forest edges and wetlands. This type of long-term resilience and ecological flexibility in coastal adaptation was achieved through niche construction of complex seasonal resource management and inheritance of traditional ecological knowledge.","PeriodicalId":47452,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46560132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1080/00934690.2023.2217394
D. Rachal
ABSTRACT Source bordering sand sheets form downwind of sandy stream beds on the Ceja Mesa escarpment in north-central New Mexico. Archaic archaeological sites are often buried in this type of deposit. A stratigraphic sequence from one site was examined using soil morphology, radiocarbon and optical dating, soil characterization, and stable isotope analyses of soil organic matter and carbonate. This geoarchaeological reconstruction documented a combination of rapid alluvial, eolian, and local hillslope sedimentation events that occurred between 4100 and 3200 years ago. These events coincided with changes in δ13C values that, in turn, reflect changes in local vegetation. Human occupation of the sand sheet occurred as early as 3700 years ago, and a sheetwash flooding event that altered the stratigraphic context of the site occurred sometime between 3700 and 3200 years ago. The effects of these rapid depositional and erosional processes on artifact stratigraphy and archaeological interpretations could be significant.
{"title":"The Geoarchaeology of Source Bordering Sand Sheets on the Ceja Mesa Escarpment, New Mexico: Sand Sheet Dynamics and Site Formation","authors":"D. Rachal","doi":"10.1080/00934690.2023.2217394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2023.2217394","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Source bordering sand sheets form downwind of sandy stream beds on the Ceja Mesa escarpment in north-central New Mexico. Archaic archaeological sites are often buried in this type of deposit. A stratigraphic sequence from one site was examined using soil morphology, radiocarbon and optical dating, soil characterization, and stable isotope analyses of soil organic matter and carbonate. This geoarchaeological reconstruction documented a combination of rapid alluvial, eolian, and local hillslope sedimentation events that occurred between 4100 and 3200 years ago. These events coincided with changes in δ13C values that, in turn, reflect changes in local vegetation. Human occupation of the sand sheet occurred as early as 3700 years ago, and a sheetwash flooding event that altered the stratigraphic context of the site occurred sometime between 3700 and 3200 years ago. The effects of these rapid depositional and erosional processes on artifact stratigraphy and archaeological interpretations could be significant.","PeriodicalId":47452,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42149464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.1080/00934690.2023.2209398
L. Meskell
ABSTRACT Carved out of the jungle by American big business, Penn Museum’s project at Tikal to restore massive pyramids and showcase Maya civilization was a direct outgrowth of government, military, and corporate connections. The story of Pennsylvania in the Petén is about American involvement in developing tourism, infrastructure, research stations, training, and the making of Guatemalan heritage citizens. It is also about increasing US government vigilance south of the border after the 1954 CIA-backed coup, whether in forging anti-communist alliances or commercial concessions. Philanthropists supporting Tikal were themselves representatives from US banking, oil, agriculture, aviation, and tourism sectors, making it impossible to disentangle archaeology from industrial and political adventurism. Extractive economies involving archaeology, oil, chicle, and bananas all ferried equipment and products back and forth to the Petén via American boats and planes, along dirt roads and airstrips built by American firms. Sold as the first great city of the Americas and costing almost a million dollars, the resurrection of Tikal underlines the ineluctable dependencies between security, espionage, international politics, corporations, conservation, and donor economies.
{"title":"Pyramid Schemes: Resurrecting Tikal through the Military-Industrial-Academic Complex","authors":"L. Meskell","doi":"10.1080/00934690.2023.2209398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2023.2209398","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Carved out of the jungle by American big business, Penn Museum’s project at Tikal to restore massive pyramids and showcase Maya civilization was a direct outgrowth of government, military, and corporate connections. The story of Pennsylvania in the Petén is about American involvement in developing tourism, infrastructure, research stations, training, and the making of Guatemalan heritage citizens. It is also about increasing US government vigilance south of the border after the 1954 CIA-backed coup, whether in forging anti-communist alliances or commercial concessions. Philanthropists supporting Tikal were themselves representatives from US banking, oil, agriculture, aviation, and tourism sectors, making it impossible to disentangle archaeology from industrial and political adventurism. Extractive economies involving archaeology, oil, chicle, and bananas all ferried equipment and products back and forth to the Petén via American boats and planes, along dirt roads and airstrips built by American firms. Sold as the first great city of the Americas and costing almost a million dollars, the resurrection of Tikal underlines the ineluctable dependencies between security, espionage, international politics, corporations, conservation, and donor economies.","PeriodicalId":47452,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45540202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-17DOI: 10.1080/00934690.2023.2200583
I. Malik, Marcin Bohr, M. Wistuba, T. Raab, A. Bonhage, Wouter B. Verschoof‐van der Vaart, A. Raab, B. Woskowicz-Ślęzak
ABSTRACT We studied the abandoned mining field in southern Poland using high-resolution lidar images to distinguish the number of mining shaft remains and their morphological diversity. We identified 13,864 remains of mining shafts of various sizes (2–30 m in diameter) and diverse levels of denudation. This allowed us to select 13 mining shafts for detailed study. The radiocarbon dating of charcoal and peat from the shafts indicate three phases of exploitation in the study area: the Roman and early migration period (2nd century b.c.–6th century a.d.), the Middle Ages (6th–14th century a.d.), and the modern period (15th–17th century a.d.). The data on metal ore exploitation in the European Barbaricum is scarce and, in the study area itself, historical written sources indicate the onset of mining only in the 12th century a.d. Therefore, ore exploitation in the study area during the Roman period and early migration period, as well as in the early Middle Ages, is an unexpected result.
{"title":"Multi-Period Ore Exploitation in Upper Silesia, Central Europe","authors":"I. Malik, Marcin Bohr, M. Wistuba, T. Raab, A. Bonhage, Wouter B. Verschoof‐van der Vaart, A. Raab, B. Woskowicz-Ślęzak","doi":"10.1080/00934690.2023.2200583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2023.2200583","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We studied the abandoned mining field in southern Poland using high-resolution lidar images to distinguish the number of mining shaft remains and their morphological diversity. We identified 13,864 remains of mining shafts of various sizes (2–30 m in diameter) and diverse levels of denudation. This allowed us to select 13 mining shafts for detailed study. The radiocarbon dating of charcoal and peat from the shafts indicate three phases of exploitation in the study area: the Roman and early migration period (2nd century b.c.–6th century a.d.), the Middle Ages (6th–14th century a.d.), and the modern period (15th–17th century a.d.). The data on metal ore exploitation in the European Barbaricum is scarce and, in the study area itself, historical written sources indicate the onset of mining only in the 12th century a.d. Therefore, ore exploitation in the study area during the Roman period and early migration period, as well as in the early Middle Ages, is an unexpected result.","PeriodicalId":47452,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43429551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.1080/00934690.2023.2191493
Y. Nishimura
ABSTRACT This paper advocates using museum collections for archaeological research by offering a new approach to generate questions on the sociocultural lives of ancient people. I define “diaspora” collections as historical and archaeological artifacts excavated in a homeland site but currently stored in museums that are outside the homeland country. Of particular importance in this approach is the identification of artifacts’ diagnostic traits, including material composition, morphology, and symbolic decoration, that are to be linked to the “original” data in their homeland. Diaspora collections-based research necessitates provenience studies, as well as direct observation of both the diaspora collection and its original data. It also takes advantage of the recent development of various digital and remote technologies. A case study to show this methodology comes from dedicatory lanterns currently stored outside Japan that were part of the shogun (Tokugawa) family’s graveyards in modern Tokyo during the 18th and 19th centuries a.d.
{"title":"Museum “Diaspora” Collections for Archaeological Research: Edo-Period Shogun Family’s Funerary Lanterns Outside Japan","authors":"Y. Nishimura","doi":"10.1080/00934690.2023.2191493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2023.2191493","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper advocates using museum collections for archaeological research by offering a new approach to generate questions on the sociocultural lives of ancient people. I define “diaspora” collections as historical and archaeological artifacts excavated in a homeland site but currently stored in museums that are outside the homeland country. Of particular importance in this approach is the identification of artifacts’ diagnostic traits, including material composition, morphology, and symbolic decoration, that are to be linked to the “original” data in their homeland. Diaspora collections-based research necessitates provenience studies, as well as direct observation of both the diaspora collection and its original data. It also takes advantage of the recent development of various digital and remote technologies. A case study to show this methodology comes from dedicatory lanterns currently stored outside Japan that were part of the shogun (Tokugawa) family’s graveyards in modern Tokyo during the 18th and 19th centuries a.d.","PeriodicalId":47452,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43072381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.1080/00934690.2023.2191420
A. McLellan, H. Haines
ABSTRACT This paper explores the spatial distribution of the built environment in the 10th and 11th centuries a.d. in the periphery of Lamanai, a Precolumbian Maya site in northern Belize. Analysis of structures, labor investments, and ceramic distributions indicates that the periphery was characterized by a small, monumental core between Lamanai and Ka’kabish, known as Coco Chan, which radiated outwards, with smaller structures in the periphery. Ceramic assemblages and their distributions show that artifacts are concentrated near Coco Chan, which may indicate differences in access to materials in the periphery of Lamanai. The Gini Index, a method used to measure dispersion, shows that the settlement (i.e., area per structure) has a relatively high degree of economic equality as compared to other areas in the Maya world. The structures and ceramic assemblages in the periphery of Lamanai may help to explain its uninterrupted occupation history.
{"title":"Equality in the Periphery of Lamanai: Assessing a Maya Community in the 10th and 11th Centuries a.d.","authors":"A. McLellan, H. Haines","doi":"10.1080/00934690.2023.2191420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2023.2191420","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper explores the spatial distribution of the built environment in the 10th and 11th centuries a.d. in the periphery of Lamanai, a Precolumbian Maya site in northern Belize. Analysis of structures, labor investments, and ceramic distributions indicates that the periphery was characterized by a small, monumental core between Lamanai and Ka’kabish, known as Coco Chan, which radiated outwards, with smaller structures in the periphery. Ceramic assemblages and their distributions show that artifacts are concentrated near Coco Chan, which may indicate differences in access to materials in the periphery of Lamanai. The Gini Index, a method used to measure dispersion, shows that the settlement (i.e., area per structure) has a relatively high degree of economic equality as compared to other areas in the Maya world. The structures and ceramic assemblages in the periphery of Lamanai may help to explain its uninterrupted occupation history.","PeriodicalId":47452,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48389162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1080/00934690.2023.2179188
W. Keegan, D. Steadman, M. LeFebvre, Neill J. Wallis, Lindsay Bloch, Nancy A. Albury, J. Franklin, Emily C. Kracht
ABSTRACT Variability across frontiers and boundaries challenges the resilience of expanding populations. Here, we contribute to a broader understanding of global patterns of island colonization and expose the diversity of lifeways experienced across the Taíno culture area by exploring Lucayan settlement of the small subtropical islands of the northern Bahama archipelago. The results of this first comprehensive investigation document the rapid expansion and early arrival of humans in the northern zone (ca. a.d. 900); deviations from traditional settlement patterns and dietary practices, which reflect responses to the unique local environment, including the association of humans with extirpated/extinct animals; sources for pottery imported from the Greater Antillean Taínos; and, a previously unrecognized local pottery variety attributable to the quality of local clay sources. The frontier provides a new perspective on the Taíno core area and raises additional questions concerning life along a historically progressing frontier. Video Abstract:: https://vimeo.com/363737943
{"title":"Island Colonization and Human-Environment Interactions on the Edges of the Tropics: Archaeology of the Taíno Frontier (Northern Bahamas)","authors":"W. Keegan, D. Steadman, M. LeFebvre, Neill J. Wallis, Lindsay Bloch, Nancy A. Albury, J. Franklin, Emily C. Kracht","doi":"10.1080/00934690.2023.2179188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2023.2179188","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Variability across frontiers and boundaries challenges the resilience of expanding populations. Here, we contribute to a broader understanding of global patterns of island colonization and expose the diversity of lifeways experienced across the Taíno culture area by exploring Lucayan settlement of the small subtropical islands of the northern Bahama archipelago. The results of this first comprehensive investigation document the rapid expansion and early arrival of humans in the northern zone (ca. a.d. 900); deviations from traditional settlement patterns and dietary practices, which reflect responses to the unique local environment, including the association of humans with extirpated/extinct animals; sources for pottery imported from the Greater Antillean Taínos; and, a previously unrecognized local pottery variety attributable to the quality of local clay sources. The frontier provides a new perspective on the Taíno core area and raises additional questions concerning life along a historically progressing frontier. Video Abstract:: https://vimeo.com/363737943","PeriodicalId":47452,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48222200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-16DOI: 10.1080/00934690.2023.2179186
O. Eriksson
ABSTRACT This study explores how resource colonization for iron in central Sweden during the early Iron Age may have affected the use of forest landscapes. Slag heap volume at iron production sites was used to estimate the amount of forest resources required for charcoal production. Forest resources required for livestock grazing and fodder were estimated from literature sources. To produce charcoal at iron production sites, forests were harvested, creating conditions suitable for grazing. Production of livestock winter fodder, leaf-hay, became a constraint due to the conflict between grazing grounds and fodder producing areas near main settlements. Although availability of forest was not limiting, a combination of opportunities and constraints is suggested to have promoted a new spatial ordering of land use. This included land closest to the main settlements allocated to fodder production and development of secondary seasonal settlements (shielings) at iron production sites, which could be exploited for livestock grazing.
{"title":"Domesticated Forest Landscapes in Central Scandinavia during the Iron Age: Resource Colonization for Iron and Subsistence Strategies based on Livestock","authors":"O. Eriksson","doi":"10.1080/00934690.2023.2179186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2023.2179186","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study explores how resource colonization for iron in central Sweden during the early Iron Age may have affected the use of forest landscapes. Slag heap volume at iron production sites was used to estimate the amount of forest resources required for charcoal production. Forest resources required for livestock grazing and fodder were estimated from literature sources. To produce charcoal at iron production sites, forests were harvested, creating conditions suitable for grazing. Production of livestock winter fodder, leaf-hay, became a constraint due to the conflict between grazing grounds and fodder producing areas near main settlements. Although availability of forest was not limiting, a combination of opportunities and constraints is suggested to have promoted a new spatial ordering of land use. This included land closest to the main settlements allocated to fodder production and development of secondary seasonal settlements (shielings) at iron production sites, which could be exploited for livestock grazing.","PeriodicalId":47452,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48551584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-19DOI: 10.1080/00934690.2023.2167036
Finn Schreiber, O. Korochkova, I. Novikov, E. Usmanova
ABSTRACT In the last two decades, the Bronze Age chronology of the Great Urals was revolutionized by the first large-scale radiocarbon dating programs. Since then, the chronology of the Bronze Age in this area has been under discussion. In this paper, we present 23 new AMS dates from Late Bronze Age sites in the steppe and forest steppe areas of the southern Trans-Urals and northwestern Kazakhstan. This includes the first successful dating of cremated bone samples from this area. Bayesian modeling was conducted to date the Late Bronze Age into three chronological phases. The considerable number of outliers suggests previously undetected biases in the material. In addition, we found differences between the Bayesian models of the steppe and forest steppe areas that are not reflected in the archaeological record. This study emphasizes the value of Bayesian modeling for the prehistoric chronology of the Great Urals but also highlights its issues.
{"title":"Radiocarbon Dating of Late Bronze Age Burials from the Great Urals (Steppe Trans-Urals and Northern Kazakhstan) and Bayesian Modeling","authors":"Finn Schreiber, O. Korochkova, I. Novikov, E. Usmanova","doi":"10.1080/00934690.2023.2167036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2023.2167036","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the last two decades, the Bronze Age chronology of the Great Urals was revolutionized by the first large-scale radiocarbon dating programs. Since then, the chronology of the Bronze Age in this area has been under discussion. In this paper, we present 23 new AMS dates from Late Bronze Age sites in the steppe and forest steppe areas of the southern Trans-Urals and northwestern Kazakhstan. This includes the first successful dating of cremated bone samples from this area. Bayesian modeling was conducted to date the Late Bronze Age into three chronological phases. The considerable number of outliers suggests previously undetected biases in the material. In addition, we found differences between the Bayesian models of the steppe and forest steppe areas that are not reflected in the archaeological record. This study emphasizes the value of Bayesian modeling for the prehistoric chronology of the Great Urals but also highlights its issues.","PeriodicalId":47452,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44492657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-19DOI: 10.1080/00934690.2023.2166742
L. Gheco, Marcos Gastaldi, M. Marconetto, J. Pellini
ABSTRACT Currently, the walls of the Theban Tomb 123 (Luxor, Egypt) are the result and evidence of diverse histories developed over a span of 3400 years. They encapsulate, as overlapping layers, material and intangible transformations that reveal multiple uses, meanings, and ontologies which converged in the necropolis of Thebes. At this tomb, originally built for a scribe named Amenemhet, a detailed study of the stratigraphic matrix of one of the walls was undertaken. Forty-eight stratigraphic units have been documented and arranged in a Harris matrix through an exhaustive survey of the macroscopic evidence about the historical changes on the wall. The analysis performed reveals the complexity of these spaces and their multiple occupations across thousands of years and sheds light on the unambiguous visions of these places regarded as pristine relics of the pharaonic past.
{"title":"Overlapping Histories: A Stratigraphical Approach to the Walls of Theban Tomb 123 (Luxor, Egypt)","authors":"L. Gheco, Marcos Gastaldi, M. Marconetto, J. Pellini","doi":"10.1080/00934690.2023.2166742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2023.2166742","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Currently, the walls of the Theban Tomb 123 (Luxor, Egypt) are the result and evidence of diverse histories developed over a span of 3400 years. They encapsulate, as overlapping layers, material and intangible transformations that reveal multiple uses, meanings, and ontologies which converged in the necropolis of Thebes. At this tomb, originally built for a scribe named Amenemhet, a detailed study of the stratigraphic matrix of one of the walls was undertaken. Forty-eight stratigraphic units have been documented and arranged in a Harris matrix through an exhaustive survey of the macroscopic evidence about the historical changes on the wall. The analysis performed reveals the complexity of these spaces and their multiple occupations across thousands of years and sheds light on the unambiguous visions of these places regarded as pristine relics of the pharaonic past.","PeriodicalId":47452,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59024252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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