Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.1177/15356841231159370
M. Horák, Shanaya Vanhooren
During a community-wide crisis, practical help from others in the community can allow individuals to manage a variety of extraordinary household needs. In this article, we synthesize insights from research on disaster resilience, social support, social networks, and social exchange into a theoretical model of factors that shape individual access to help beyond the family. We suggest that community ties—local neighborhood, associational, and friend relationships—are significant avenues for accessing help and that helping behaviors in the community are structured by social exchange. We test this model in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing on a survey of 4,234 Canadians and Americans. We find that all three kinds of community ties significantly increase the likelihood of receiving and giving help; that there is a strong, positive two-way correlation between giving help and receiving help; that relationships between community ties and helping behaviors are mediated by social exchange; and that individuals in extraordinary need tend to both receive and give more help than others. Our findings provide broad-based evidence for the importance of local social ties and social exchange processes in structuring access to practical help in times of extraordinary need.
{"title":"Somebody to Lean On: Community Ties, Social Exchange, and Practical Help during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"M. Horák, Shanaya Vanhooren","doi":"10.1177/15356841231159370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15356841231159370","url":null,"abstract":"During a community-wide crisis, practical help from others in the community can allow individuals to manage a variety of extraordinary household needs. In this article, we synthesize insights from research on disaster resilience, social support, social networks, and social exchange into a theoretical model of factors that shape individual access to help beyond the family. We suggest that community ties—local neighborhood, associational, and friend relationships—are significant avenues for accessing help and that helping behaviors in the community are structured by social exchange. We test this model in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing on a survey of 4,234 Canadians and Americans. We find that all three kinds of community ties significantly increase the likelihood of receiving and giving help; that there is a strong, positive two-way correlation between giving help and receiving help; that relationships between community ties and helping behaviors are mediated by social exchange; and that individuals in extraordinary need tend to both receive and give more help than others. Our findings provide broad-based evidence for the importance of local social ties and social exchange processes in structuring access to practical help in times of extraordinary need.","PeriodicalId":47486,"journal":{"name":"City & Community","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47667674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1177/15356841221119181
Hyunseok Hwang, Young-Joo Lee
Using the county-level data of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic in the United States, we test the relationship between communities' social capital and philanthropic resource mobilization during a pandemic and how this relationship is moderated by the racial diversity and the severity of the pandemic in the community. The analysis suggests that the collective monetary contributions to frontline nonprofits responding to pandemics are closely related to the level of social capital in the community. The results also reveal that the positive relationship between social capital and resource mobilization is reinforced in racially diverse communities and when communities are affected by pandemics more severely. Our findings suggest that building inclusive communities by embracing diverse racial groups and individuals will contribute to communities' resilience to pandemics and other disasters.
{"title":"Community Social Capital, Racial Diversity, and Philanthropic Resource Mobilization in the Time of a Pandemic.","authors":"Hyunseok Hwang, Young-Joo Lee","doi":"10.1177/15356841221119181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15356841221119181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using the county-level data of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic in the United States, we test the relationship between communities' social capital and philanthropic resource mobilization during a pandemic and how this relationship is moderated by the racial diversity and the severity of the pandemic in the community. The analysis suggests that the collective monetary contributions to frontline nonprofits responding to pandemics are closely related to the level of social capital in the community. The results also reveal that the positive relationship between social capital and resource mobilization is reinforced in racially diverse communities and when communities are affected by pandemics more severely. Our findings suggest that building inclusive communities by embracing diverse racial groups and individuals will contribute to communities' resilience to pandemics and other disasters.</p>","PeriodicalId":47486,"journal":{"name":"City & Community","volume":"22 1","pages":"22-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10076987/pdf/10.1177_15356841221119181.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9337171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-19DOI: 10.1177/15356841231151725
Sylvia Zamora
{"title":"Book Review: Pierrette Hondagneu-Sotelo and Manuel Pastor, South Central Dreams: Finding Home and Building Community in South L.A.","authors":"Sylvia Zamora","doi":"10.1177/15356841231151725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15356841231151725","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47486,"journal":{"name":"City & Community","volume":"22 1","pages":"74 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45298721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.1177/15356841221141889
Isaiah Fleming-Klink, B. McCabe, Eva Rosen
Landlords and tenants in eviction court navigate a complex legal and administrative process. Eviction courts are overburdened and under pressure to process enormous numbers of cases each day. From inside one such courtroom, we draw on in-depth ethnographic observations and administrative court records from before the pandemic to examine how everyday practices shape courtroom experiences for tenants and landlords. From the moment they enter the courtroom, tenants encounter unwritten rules and informal processes that prove difficult to navigate. Confusing and inconsistently applied rules leave unrepresented tenants at a disadvantage relative to landlords, who are much more likely to have legal counsel. Courtroom actors rely on shadow procedures such as settlement agreements to save time and improve courtroom efficiency, which reinforce power asymmetries between landlords and tenants. While landlords and their attorneys rely on their familiarity with courtroom actors to garner systematic advantages, tenants lack these social capital resources. Our theory of systematic disadvantage shows how these rules, practices, and procedures come together in an overburdened courtroom to amplify the disadvantages faced by tenants at risk of an eviction.
{"title":"Navigating an Overburdened Courtroom: How Inconsistent Rules, Shadow Procedures, and Social Capital Disadvantage Tenants in Eviction Court","authors":"Isaiah Fleming-Klink, B. McCabe, Eva Rosen","doi":"10.1177/15356841221141889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15356841221141889","url":null,"abstract":"Landlords and tenants in eviction court navigate a complex legal and administrative process. Eviction courts are overburdened and under pressure to process enormous numbers of cases each day. From inside one such courtroom, we draw on in-depth ethnographic observations and administrative court records from before the pandemic to examine how everyday practices shape courtroom experiences for tenants and landlords. From the moment they enter the courtroom, tenants encounter unwritten rules and informal processes that prove difficult to navigate. Confusing and inconsistently applied rules leave unrepresented tenants at a disadvantage relative to landlords, who are much more likely to have legal counsel. Courtroom actors rely on shadow procedures such as settlement agreements to save time and improve courtroom efficiency, which reinforce power asymmetries between landlords and tenants. While landlords and their attorneys rely on their familiarity with courtroom actors to garner systematic advantages, tenants lack these social capital resources. Our theory of systematic disadvantage shows how these rules, practices, and procedures come together in an overburdened courtroom to amplify the disadvantages faced by tenants at risk of an eviction.","PeriodicalId":47486,"journal":{"name":"City & Community","volume":"22 1","pages":"220 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42118542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.1177/15356841221140078
D. Collins, K. Beckett, Marco Brydolf-Horwitz
Prevailing theories of poverty governance emphasize how political and economic constraints associated with urban neoliberalism have led to the retraction of protective welfare commitments and an increased criminalization of poverty. While research on this “disciplinary turn” has been generative, it tells us little about countervailing trends or how institutional responses to poverty change over time. Addressing these gaps, this article offers a case study of the emergence and acceptance by the business community of a supportive Housing First and harm reduction initiative called JustCARE—a distinct technique of poverty governance not readily explicable within existing theoretical frameworks. By situating JustCARE within a wider strategic action field of poverty governance, we reveal the macro-, meso-, and micro-level dynamics that together facilitated its inception, growth, and eventual embrace by members of the formerly hostile business establishment. Specifically, we underscore how two exogenous shocks (COVID-19 and the Black Lives Matter [BLM] uprisings) enabled a well-positioned advocacy organization to articulate and implement a non-punitive homelessness response alternative. We conclude that field-based scholarship centering “theoretically deviant” cases can reveal how the contradictions and failures of neoliberal poverty management can generate unique opportunities for meaningful institutional change.
{"title":"Pandemic Poverty Governance: Neoliberalism under Crisis","authors":"D. Collins, K. Beckett, Marco Brydolf-Horwitz","doi":"10.1177/15356841221140078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15356841221140078","url":null,"abstract":"Prevailing theories of poverty governance emphasize how political and economic constraints associated with urban neoliberalism have led to the retraction of protective welfare commitments and an increased criminalization of poverty. While research on this “disciplinary turn” has been generative, it tells us little about countervailing trends or how institutional responses to poverty change over time. Addressing these gaps, this article offers a case study of the emergence and acceptance by the business community of a supportive Housing First and harm reduction initiative called JustCARE—a distinct technique of poverty governance not readily explicable within existing theoretical frameworks. By situating JustCARE within a wider strategic action field of poverty governance, we reveal the macro-, meso-, and micro-level dynamics that together facilitated its inception, growth, and eventual embrace by members of the formerly hostile business establishment. Specifically, we underscore how two exogenous shocks (COVID-19 and the Black Lives Matter [BLM] uprisings) enabled a well-positioned advocacy organization to articulate and implement a non-punitive homelessness response alternative. We conclude that field-based scholarship centering “theoretically deviant” cases can reveal how the contradictions and failures of neoliberal poverty management can generate unique opportunities for meaningful institutional change.","PeriodicalId":47486,"journal":{"name":"City & Community","volume":"22 1","pages":"195 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45694275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.1177/15356841221139249
Maria Akchurin
Activists opposing urban water privatization often continue organizing even after water infrastructure returns to the public sector. Why? Analyzing water privatization and renationalization in Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina, I argue that as these policy changes unfolded, activists from neighborhoods lacking necessary infrastructure organized not only about privatization but also around place. Place-based mobilization emerged from a longstanding lack of services as well as environmental threats like flooding and pollution affecting residents’ daily lives. While privatization activated collective action, amplified by a broader economic crisis and protest cycle, it was organizing grounded in local environmental conditions and associational spaces that sustained it. The analysis, based on historical and interview data, reveals continuities and disjunctures between neoliberal and state-led modes of social provision, showing how place makes large-scale policy changes tangible and shapes patterns of collective action in a major South American metropolitan area.
{"title":"Contested Infrastructures: Water, Privatization, and Place-Based Protest in Greater Buenos Aires","authors":"Maria Akchurin","doi":"10.1177/15356841221139249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15356841221139249","url":null,"abstract":"Activists opposing urban water privatization often continue organizing even after water infrastructure returns to the public sector. Why? Analyzing water privatization and renationalization in Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina, I argue that as these policy changes unfolded, activists from neighborhoods lacking necessary infrastructure organized not only about privatization but also around place. Place-based mobilization emerged from a longstanding lack of services as well as environmental threats like flooding and pollution affecting residents’ daily lives. While privatization activated collective action, amplified by a broader economic crisis and protest cycle, it was organizing grounded in local environmental conditions and associational spaces that sustained it. The analysis, based on historical and interview data, reveals continuities and disjunctures between neoliberal and state-led modes of social provision, showing how place makes large-scale policy changes tangible and shapes patterns of collective action in a major South American metropolitan area.","PeriodicalId":47486,"journal":{"name":"City & Community","volume":"22 1","pages":"171 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44087323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-16DOI: 10.1177/15356841221129791
Nathalie Rita, Philip M. E. Garboden, Jennifer Darrah-Okike
Building on theories of symbolic boundaries, this article explores the role of the state as gatekeeper to social programs, such as public housing. Using interviews with 75 randomly sampled households living in public housing in Honolulu County, we link contemporary research on gatekeeping with decades of work on how housing policy drives residential outcomes for marginalized groups. In particular, we consider the largely unexamined case of “local preferences,” which fast-track certain individuals into social programs based on locally established criteria. Our data suggest that these prioritization categories have evolved over time and are now largely focused on providing housing to those experiencing homelessness and victims of domestic violence. Ultimately, this apparently mundane bureaucratic process mediates relationships between social service agencies, individual needs, and overwhelming housing demand, all collaborating to construct symbolic boundaries across which deservingness is defined and adjudicated. We find that waitlist prioritization criteria cannot be reduced to a basic assessment of need as it necessarily instigates issues of definition (e.g., what is homelessness?) and legibility (e.g., how does one prove homelessness?). These collateral issues amplify the importance of institutional social capital and, in some cases, generate conflict between and within eligible communities.
{"title":"“You Have to Prove that You’re Homeless”: Vulnerability and Gatekeeping in Public Housing Prioritization Policies","authors":"Nathalie Rita, Philip M. E. Garboden, Jennifer Darrah-Okike","doi":"10.1177/15356841221129791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15356841221129791","url":null,"abstract":"Building on theories of symbolic boundaries, this article explores the role of the state as gatekeeper to social programs, such as public housing. Using interviews with 75 randomly sampled households living in public housing in Honolulu County, we link contemporary research on gatekeeping with decades of work on how housing policy drives residential outcomes for marginalized groups. In particular, we consider the largely unexamined case of “local preferences,” which fast-track certain individuals into social programs based on locally established criteria. Our data suggest that these prioritization categories have evolved over time and are now largely focused on providing housing to those experiencing homelessness and victims of domestic violence. Ultimately, this apparently mundane bureaucratic process mediates relationships between social service agencies, individual needs, and overwhelming housing demand, all collaborating to construct symbolic boundaries across which deservingness is defined and adjudicated. We find that waitlist prioritization criteria cannot be reduced to a basic assessment of need as it necessarily instigates issues of definition (e.g., what is homelessness?) and legibility (e.g., how does one prove homelessness?). These collateral issues amplify the importance of institutional social capital and, in some cases, generate conflict between and within eligible communities.","PeriodicalId":47486,"journal":{"name":"City & Community","volume":"22 1","pages":"83 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65496344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-14DOI: 10.1177/15356841221135171
A. Zhelnina
While the nexus of time and space in cities is an established tradition in urban research, the specific temporality of urban planning and redevelopment projects is an emerging theme in the field. Focusing on the intensified interactions in various arenas around a controversial housing renovation program in Moscow, this article examines how and where urban futures are created from a polyphony of individual perspectives, aspirations, and projects. The housing renovation program (“Renovation”) aims to demolish thousands of socialist-era prefabricated apartment buildings and relocate the residents to yet-to-be-built high-rises. The project sparked popular mobilizations both in support of and in resistance to the demolitions. This article examines how Muscovites articulated and probed different future alternatives, matching them to their personal strategies and trajectories in various interactive arenas—from public hearings to homeowner assemblies to evening conversations with their family members. This future-probing became a key process that helped incorporate the temporal landscape of Renovation in people’s lives.
{"title":"Making Urban Futures at Your Kitchen Table: Temporalities of an Urban Renewal Controversy in Moscow","authors":"A. Zhelnina","doi":"10.1177/15356841221135171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15356841221135171","url":null,"abstract":"While the nexus of time and space in cities is an established tradition in urban research, the specific temporality of urban planning and redevelopment projects is an emerging theme in the field. Focusing on the intensified interactions in various arenas around a controversial housing renovation program in Moscow, this article examines how and where urban futures are created from a polyphony of individual perspectives, aspirations, and projects. The housing renovation program (“Renovation”) aims to demolish thousands of socialist-era prefabricated apartment buildings and relocate the residents to yet-to-be-built high-rises. The project sparked popular mobilizations both in support of and in resistance to the demolitions. This article examines how Muscovites articulated and probed different future alternatives, matching them to their personal strategies and trajectories in various interactive arenas—from public hearings to homeowner assemblies to evening conversations with their family members. This future-probing became a key process that helped incorporate the temporal landscape of Renovation in people’s lives.","PeriodicalId":47486,"journal":{"name":"City & Community","volume":"22 1","pages":"145 - 162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45348428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.1177/15356841221132497
R. Zahnow, Lynda Cheshire
Neighbor relations are informal social ties that constitute part of everyday urban life. While the benefits of neighborliness are well established, less is known about the manifestation of private neighbor nuisances. Specifically, research examining the influence of community social contexts on the propensity for neighbor nuisances and the resolution of nuisance issues through informal pathways remains limited. Drawing on a stratified sample of over 4,000 residents living in 147 communities, we conducted multilevel regression analyses to examine the impact of individual-level neighboring behavior and community-level norms of neighboring on the likelihood of (1) individuals experiencing neighbor nuisances, and (2) individuals responding to neighbor nuisances informally. We found that community-level neighborliness and structural characteristics were associated with the likelihood of experiencing private neighbor nuisance issues as opposed to individual-level neighboring behaviors. Individual-level social ties in the community and neighboring were significantly associated with individual responses to neighbor nuisance issues.
{"title":"Community Neighboring Norms and the Prevalence and Management of Private Neighbor Problems","authors":"R. Zahnow, Lynda Cheshire","doi":"10.1177/15356841221132497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15356841221132497","url":null,"abstract":"Neighbor relations are informal social ties that constitute part of everyday urban life. While the benefits of neighborliness are well established, less is known about the manifestation of private neighbor nuisances. Specifically, research examining the influence of community social contexts on the propensity for neighbor nuisances and the resolution of nuisance issues through informal pathways remains limited. Drawing on a stratified sample of over 4,000 residents living in 147 communities, we conducted multilevel regression analyses to examine the impact of individual-level neighboring behavior and community-level norms of neighboring on the likelihood of (1) individuals experiencing neighbor nuisances, and (2) individuals responding to neighbor nuisances informally. We found that community-level neighborliness and structural characteristics were associated with the likelihood of experiencing private neighbor nuisance issues as opposed to individual-level neighboring behaviors. Individual-level social ties in the community and neighboring were significantly associated with individual responses to neighbor nuisance issues.","PeriodicalId":47486,"journal":{"name":"City & Community","volume":"22 1","pages":"126 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44548264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-12DOI: 10.1177/15356841221129630
Yuki Kato
{"title":"Book Review: Alesia Montgomery, Greening the Black Urban Regime: The Culture and Commerce of Sustainability in Detroit","authors":"Yuki Kato","doi":"10.1177/15356841221129630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15356841221129630","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47486,"journal":{"name":"City & Community","volume":"21 1","pages":"384 - 386"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65496307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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