Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.1177/14747049221122920
Jack A. Palmer, Linda K. Palmer
The evolution of altruism—costly behaviour by an individual (the benefactor) that benefits another individual (the beneficiary)—has been theorized as a function of kinship, reciprocity potential, shared group membership, and costly signalling. These benefactor-beneficiary relationships have predictive value for real-life altruistic acts. J. A. Palmer designed the Costly Signals Questionnaire (CSQ) to measure participants’ level of support for altruistic acts performed under the varying conditions of (1) close kin, (2) person who can reciprocate, (3) group co-members, and (4) anonymous strangers (representing costly signalling theory). After signing consent forms, participants (n = 465) were given an opportunity to perform an altruistic act anonymously (donate valuable raffle tickets) and then completed the CSQ and measures of altruism, empathy, and religiosity. Statistical analyses support CSQ reliability and revealed that the CSQ significantly predicted altruistic action; the other measures did not (although they significantly correlated with the CSQ). Participants’ support for altruistic acts ranked significantly from strongest to weakest: kin-based > reciprocity > shared group > anonymous stranger. The CSQ appears to be a reliable, valid instrument for predicting altruistic action and measuring support of altruism based on benefactor-beneficiary relationships per evolutionary theory.
利他主义的进化——个体(施恩者)为使另一个个体(受惠者)受益而付出代价的行为——已被理论化为亲属关系、互惠潜力、共享的群体成员资格和代价高昂的信号的功能。这些施惠关系对现实生活中的利他行为具有预测价值。J. A. Palmer设计了“代价信号问卷”(CSQ)来衡量参与者在不同条件下(1)近亲、(2)可以回报的人、(3)团体成员和(4)匿名陌生人(代表代价信号理论)对利他行为的支持程度。在签署同意表格后，参与者(n = 465)有机会匿名执行利他行为(捐赠有价值的奖券)，然后完成CSQ和利他主义、同理心和宗教信仰的测量。统计分析支持CSQ的信度，表明CSQ对利他行为有显著的预测作用;其他测量没有(尽管它们与CSQ显著相关)。参与者对利他行为的支持程度从强到弱排序显著:亲属关系>互惠>共享群体>匿名陌生人。基于进化理论的施惠关系，CSQ似乎是预测利他行为和衡量利他主义支持度的可靠有效工具。
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Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_8
S. Hrdy, Judith M Burkart
{"title":"How Reliance on Allomaternal Care Shapes Primate Development with Special Reference to the Genus Homo","authors":"S. Hrdy, Judith M Burkart","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47499,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","volume":"65 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50977979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_12
H. Doi, N. Masataka
{"title":"Beyond the Language Module: Musicality as a Stepping Stone Towards Language Acquisition","authors":"H. Doi, N. Masataka","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47499,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","volume":"112 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50978131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_3
Linnea Wilder, K. Semendeferi
{"title":"Infant Brain Development and Plasticity from an Evolutionary Perspective","authors":"Linnea Wilder, K. Semendeferi","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47499,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","volume":"65 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50978336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_4
J. DeSilva
{"title":"Childbirth and Infant Care in Early Human Ancestors: What the Bones Tell Us","authors":"J. DeSilva","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47499,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50978393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_15
S. Hart
{"title":"Jealousy and the Terrible Twos","authors":"S. Hart","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47499,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50978280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_2
D. Bjorklund
{"title":"Human Evolution and the Neotenous Infant","authors":"D. Bjorklund","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47499,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","volume":"21 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50978327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_6
J. Locke, B. Bogin
{"title":"An Unusually Human Time: Effects of the Most Social Stage on the Most Social Species","authors":"J. Locke, B. Bogin","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47499,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50978401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_1
D. Bjorklund, S. Hart
{"title":"Infancy Through the Lens of Evolutionary Developmental Science","authors":"D. Bjorklund, S. Hart","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47499,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","volume":"49 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50978016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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