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All that glitters is not sold: selling a luxury brand outside a luxury environment 所有闪光的东西都不是卖出去的:在奢侈环境之外卖一个奢侈品牌
IF 4.4 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-07-22 DOI: 10.1080/08853134.2021.1948341
Moumita Das Gyomlai, M. Ahearne, D. Rouziès, J. Kapferer
Abstract To reach new clientele, luxury brands make strategic extensions into new product categories with more accessible prices resulting in less selective retail strategies that also feature stores not directly operated by the luxury brands (non-DOS). Entering such stores entails challenges as the luxury brand steps outside its luxury environment and loses direct control of the salesperson that interacts with the end consumer. Furthermore, in a less selective non-DOS, a luxury brand’s sales may get impacted due to image discrepancies in the salesperson’s mind, while the luxury brand competes for the salesperson’s attention. This study proposes several motivational levers that direct the efforts of a salesperson in a less selective non-DOS: the salesperson’s perceived fit between the brand and the store, the level of identification with the luxury brand, and luxury sensitivity. With empirical support in a unique dataset, the authors show that a salesperson’s perceived fit increases effort allocation for a luxury brand, and luxury brand identification strengthens it. Counterintuitively, the results show that a salesperson with a high level of luxury sensitivity is not predisposed to sell luxury outside a luxury environment. Finally, suggestions for performance implications are offered to luxury brand managers and retailers selling luxury brands.
摘要为了接触新的客户,奢侈品牌以更容易获得的价格向新的产品类别进行战略扩展,导致零售策略的选择性降低,这些策略还包括非奢侈品牌直接经营的商店(非DOS)。进入这样的商店会带来挑战,因为奢侈品牌会走出其奢侈环境,失去对与最终消费者互动的销售人员的直接控制。此外,在选择性较低的非DOS中,奢侈品牌的销售可能会因销售人员心目中的形象差异而受到影响,而奢侈品牌则会争夺销售人员的注意力。这项研究提出了几个激励杠杆,引导销售人员在选择性较低的非DOS中努力:销售人员感知的品牌与商店之间的契合度、对奢侈品牌的认同程度以及奢侈敏感性。在一个独特数据集的实证支持下,作者表明,销售人员的感知适合度增加了奢侈品牌的努力分配,而奢侈品牌识别强化了这一点。与直觉相反,结果表明,具有高度奢侈敏感性的销售人员不倾向于在奢侈环境之外销售奢侈品。最后,为奢侈品牌经理和销售奢侈品牌的零售商提供了绩效影响的建议。
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引用次数: 3
How customer perception of dependence on salesperson and customer–salesperson guanxi determine salesperson influence effectiveness 顾客对销售人员的依赖认知和客户与销售人员的关系如何决定销售人员的影响效果
IF 4.4 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.1080/08853134.2021.1947142
Wen-Kuei Wu
Abstract This study examined how customer perception of dependence on salesperson (CPDS) and customer–salesperson guanxi determine salesperson influence tactics (SITs) and salesperson influence effectiveness (SIE) in the context of Confucian-rooted culture. We issued 800 online questionnaires to customers of four Taiwanese life insurance companies and obtained 636 valid responses. Structural equation modeling was employed to test the hypotheses. The results confirmed that CPDS and customer-salesperson guanxi determine SIT usage and SIE, where CPDS also facilitates close customer-salesperson guanxi. We discovered that SITs contribute to the positive effect of customer-salesperson guanxi on SIE, and customer-salesperson guanxi positively mediates the effect of CPDS on SIT usage and SIE. Customer-salesperson guanxi, CPDS, and information exchange, promise, and encouragement tactics contribute to SIE. This may be the first study to associate CPDS and customer-salesperson guanxi with SIT usage and SIE simultaneously in the context of Confucian-rooted culture. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/08853134.2021.1947142 .
摘要本研究考察了儒家文化背景下,顾客对销售人员的依赖感知(CPDS)和客户-销售关系对销售人员影响策略(sit)和销售人员影响有效性(SIE)的影响。我们向四家台湾寿险公司的客户发放了800份在线问卷,获得636份有效回复。采用结构方程模型对假设进行检验。结果证实,CPDS和客户-销售关系决定了SIT的使用和SIE,其中CPDS也促进了密切的客户-销售关系。研究发现,服务体验对客户关系对服务体验的正向影响有促进作用,而客户关系正向中介CPDS对服务体验使用和服务体验的影响。客户-销售关系、CPDS、信息交换、承诺和鼓励策略对SIE有贡献。这可能是首次在儒家文化背景下将CPDS和客户-销售关系与SIT使用和SIE同时联系起来的研究。本文的补充数据可在https://doi.org/10.1080/08853134.2021.1947142上在线获得。
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引用次数: 0
Introducing a new, machine learning process, and online tools for conducting sales literature reviews: An application to the forty years of JPSSM 介绍一种新的机器学习过程,以及进行销售文献评论的在线工具:JPSSM四十年的应用
IF 4.4 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.1080/08853134.2021.1935976
Hideaki Kitanaka, P. Kwiatek, N. Panagopoulos
Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are having an immense influence on sales professionals. Unfortunately, prior studies have paid less attention to how these technologies are affecting sales scholars’ work, such as conducting literature reviews. Our study expands the repertoire of inquiry for sales academics in the domain of AI/ML in three novel ways. First, we offer an efficient process to analyzing the sales literature, through an unsupervised ML-based process, which allows the identification of articles/topics based on semantic similarity rather than based on keywords. Second, we validate our process by applying it to scholarly work published in JPSSM as well as to the practitioner’s literature in the past 40 years. We find that the topics and trends uncovered by our autonomous reader are coherent with previous academic reviews, with some topics being entirely new. We also find that academic research published in JPSSM accurately reflects corporate realities, thereby alleviating concerns about the ‘sales academics-practitioners’ gap. Finally, we provide authors and reviewers with an online application, which allows for rapid identification of related JPSSM articles, and a set of ‘do-it-yourself’ (DIY) tools, which can help researchers in quickly producing their own literature reviews of articles published in any journal.
人工智能(AI)和机器学习(ML)对销售专业人员产生了巨大的影响。不幸的是,之前的研究很少关注这些技术如何影响销售学者的工作,例如进行文献综述。我们的研究以三种新颖的方式扩展了AI/ML领域销售学者的查询曲目。首先,我们提供了一个有效的过程来分析销售文献,通过一个无监督的基于ml的过程,它允许基于语义相似性而不是基于关键词来识别文章/主题。其次,我们通过将其应用于JPSSM发表的学术工作以及过去40年的从业者文献来验证我们的过程。我们发现我们的自主读者发现的主题和趋势与以前的学术评论是一致的,有些主题是全新的。我们还发现,发表在JPSSM上的学术研究准确地反映了企业的现实,从而减轻了对“销售学者与从业者”差距的担忧。最后,我们为作者和审稿人提供了一个在线应用程序,可以快速识别相关的JPSSM文章,以及一套“自己动手”(DIY)工具,可以帮助研究人员快速生成发表在任何期刊上的文章的文献综述。
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引用次数: 7
Rapport building during retail encounters with embarrassed clients 在遇到尴尬的客户时建立关系
IF 4.4 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-05-21 DOI: 10.1080/08853134.2021.1925127
Iracema Medeiros d’Abreu, I. R. Troccoli, João Felipe Rammelt Sauerbronn
Abstract In this paper we use qualitative data to identify how pharmacy frontline sales employees try to build rapport toward embarrassed clients using nonverbal interpersonal communication (NVIC). Upon doing so, we build on a conceptual framework where NIVC can create rapport in embarrassing situations, with the client usually preferring the salesperson who, through expressive similarity, connects himself/herself with the client’s emotion and behaves discreetly, preserving the client from unnecessary exposure. Four methods were triangulated, including the critical incident technique. Results show that rapport building on the part of these salespeople by means of NIVC toward embarrassed clients is eminently amateurish, as these employees do not receive any prior training to perform in a more professional way. A relevant academic contribution comes from challenging the preconception that the categories of rapport are mutually exclusive and exhaustive, allowing the initial conceptual framework to be reconfigured as a new category of rapport is included. In practical terms, this research is also distinctive, since it suggests that, as a peculiar locus for embarrassment, pharmacies take these clients’ emotion in a more serious way, searching for ways to mitigate it through better training of salespeople, as this effort may translate into higher customer satisfaction and loyalty.
摘要在本文中,我们使用定性数据来确定药房一线销售员工如何试图通过非语言人际沟通(NVIC)与尴尬的客户建立融洽的关系。在这样做的基础上,我们建立了一个概念框架,在这个框架中,NIVC可以在尴尬的情况下建立融洽的关系,客户通常更喜欢通过表达相似性将自己与客户的情绪联系起来并谨慎行事的销售人员,使客户免受不必要的曝光。四种方法被三角化,包括临界事件技术。结果表明,这些销售人员通过NIVC建立与尴尬客户的融洽关系是非常业余的,因为这些员工之前没有接受过任何更专业的培训。相关的学术贡献来自于对融洽关系的类别是相互排斥和详尽的这一先入为主的观念的挑战,允许在包含新的融洽关系类别时重新配置最初的概念框架。从实际意义上讲,这项研究也很独特,因为它表明,作为尴尬的一个特殊场所,药店以更严肃的方式对待这些客户的情绪,并通过更好地培训销售人员来寻找缓解情绪的方法,因为这一努力可能会转化为更高的客户满意度和忠诚度。
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引用次数: 4
Advocates and adversaries: examining the role of supplier advocacy on customer reacquisition 支持者和反对者:考察供应商宣传在客户重新获取中的作用
IF 4.4 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-05-13 DOI: 10.1080/08853134.2021.1919521
Mark P. Leach, Annie H. Liu, E. Pullins, Sijun Wang
Abstract Reacquiring a lost customer is often easier, faster, and less expensive than acquiring a new customer. Thus, reacquisition activities have become important fundamental aspects of selling. Improving our understanding of the customer reacquisition efforts of business-to-business salespeople is the primary objective of this study. When customers leave, they leave behind a network of personal connections with the supplier. This research examines how assessments of these connections by salespeople relate to salesperson effort and reacquisition success. We distinguish between buying center members who support a salesperson (i.e., advocates) and those who work against the salesperson (i.e., adversaries). A conceptual model is developed and results show that advocates in a customer organization enhance both sales effort and the level of reacquisition while adversaries increase salesperson perceptions of reacquisition difficulty.
摘要重新获得失去的客户通常比获得新客户更容易、更快、更便宜。因此,重新获取活动已成为销售的重要基础方面。提高我们对企业对企业销售人员的客户重新获取努力的理解是本研究的主要目标。当客户离开时,他们会留下与供应商的个人关系网络。这项研究考察了销售人员对这些联系的评估与销售人员的努力和重新获得成功之间的关系。我们区分支持销售人员的购买中心成员(即拥护者)和反对销售人员的成员(即对手)。开发了一个概念模型,结果表明,客户组织中的倡导者提高了销售努力和重新获取的水平,而对手则增加了销售人员对重新获取难度的感知。
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引用次数: 3
The role of salesperson communication in luxury selling 销售人员沟通在奢侈品销售中的作用
IF 4.4 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-05-10 DOI: 10.1080/08853134.2021.1915794
S. Alavi, Bruno Kocher, Sabrina Dörfer, Johannes Habel
Abstract This research note provides first insight into the question how salespeople should promote products that customers perceive as luxurious. The authors draw on the well-established finding of prior literature that purchasing luxurious products tends to make customers feel guilty. The authors theorize that informative salesperson communication (i.e., conveying facts about a product) is more effective than emotional salesperson communication (i.e., aiming to arouse positive affect), thereby leading to more favorable product evaluations and purchase intention. Furthermore, the advantageousness of informative salesperson communication for products perceived as luxurious is theorized to be particularly pronounced if these products serve hedonic functions and have relatively high price levels. Two studies, one field study and one scenario experiment, provide evidence supporting these predictions. Thereby, this research note aims to stimulate further research on successful personal selling in luxury contexts.
摘要本研究报告首次深入了解了销售人员应如何推销客户认为豪华的产品的问题。作者引用了先前文献中公认的发现,即购买豪华产品往往会让顾客感到内疚。作者认为,信息型销售人员沟通(即传达有关产品的事实)比情感型销售人员交流(即旨在唤起积极影响)更有效,从而导致更有利的产品评价和购买意愿。此外,理论上,如果这些产品具有享乐功能并具有相对较高的价格水平,那么被视为奢侈的产品的信息销售人员沟通的优势将特别明显。两项研究,一项实地研究和一项情景实验,提供了支持这些预测的证据。因此,本研究报告旨在促进对奢侈品背景下成功的个人销售的进一步研究。
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引用次数: 7
Personal selling and sales management abstracts 个人销售和销售管理摘要
IF 4.4 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/08853134.2021.1919522
Dawn Deeter-Schmelz
S Journal of Personal selling & sales ManageMent 2021, Vol. 41, no. 2, 167–179 Personal selling and sales management abstracts Dawn R. Deeter-Schmelz Kansas state university, section editor Abstracts Editorial Staffs Editorial Staff Abstracts section topic areass section topic areas The purpose of this section is to help readers keep abreast of current personal selling and sales management literature. We review more than 60 different academic publications containing contemporary sales-related articles. Abstracts are classified according to their appropriate topic areas. The surname (in brackets) after each abstract identifies the staff member who prepared the summary. The topic areas used to categorize abstracts are as follows: • Buyer/Customer Behavior – Perceptions – Negotiations – Decision-Making • Buyer–Seller Relationships – Purchasing – Supplier Issues – Alliances – Partnerships • Compensation – Incentives – Sales Contests • Customer Relationship Management • Diversity Issues – Image • Ethics – Legal – Environmental – Social – Deviance • General Selling and Sales Management Topics • Global Selling and Sales Management – Cross-Cultural Issues – National Character • Hiring Practices – Recruiting – Assessment – Selection • Job Performance – Productivity – Effectiveness – Effort – Failure – Firm Performance • Leaders in Selling and Sales Management • Marketing–Sales Interface – Cross-Functional Interface • Methodology – Measurement • Motivation – Job Involvement – Satisfaction • National/Major/Key Account Management • Organizational Climate – Culture • Organizational Commitment – Work Commitment • Performance Evaluation • Personal Traits/Characteristics • Role Stress – Physical Stress – Coping – Anxiety • Sales Careers – Stages – Paths • Sales Education Issues – Student and Academic Perspectives • Salesforce Control • Sales Management Functions – Analysis – Planning – Strategy – Implementation – Decision-Making Quotas • Sales Organization – Structure – Channels • Sales Technology Applications – Information Systems – Automation – Database – Sales Enablement • Selling and Sales Management in Action • Selling Process – Stages – Activities – Adaptive Selling – Team Selling – Social Selling • Specialized Channels – Trade Shows – Telemarketing – E-Commerce • Supervision – Leadership – Leader Behaviors – Leader/Subordinate Relationships © 2021 Pi sigma epsilon national educational foundation https://doi.org/10.1080/08853134.2021.1919522 raj agnihotri University of Texas Arlington alexander Haas University of Giessen Cindy rippé University of North Georgia frederik Beuk University of Akron Katerina Hill Arkansas State University leroy robinson University of Houston Clear Lake elten Briggs University of Texas Arlington fernando Jaramillo University of Texas Arlington amin rostami University of Minnesota Duluth nawar Chaker Louisiana State University ashish Kalra LaSalle University stacey schetzsle University of Tampa Duleep s. Delpechitre Illinois State
《2021年个人销售与销售管理杂志》,第41卷,第2期,167–179。堪萨斯州立大学Dawn R.Deeter Schmelz,章节编辑摘要编辑人员编辑人员摘要章节主题区域章节主题区域本节的目的是帮助读者了解当前的个人销售和销售管理文献。我们回顾了60多种不同的学术出版物,其中包含与当代销售相关的文章。摘要根据其适当的主题领域进行分类。每个摘要后面的姓氏(括号内)表示编写摘要的工作人员。用于对摘要进行分类的主题领域如下:•买方/客户行为–感知–谈判–决策•买方-卖方关系–采购–供应商问题–联盟–合作伙伴关系•薪酬–激励–销售竞争•客户关系管理•多样性问题–形象•道德–法律–环境–社会–偏差•一般销售和销售管理主题•全球销售和销售经理–跨文化问题–民族特征•招聘实践–招聘–评估–选择•工作绩效–生产力–效率–努力–失败–公司绩效•销售和销售管理领导者•市场营销–销售界面–跨职能界面•方法论–衡量•动机–工作参与–满意度•国家/主要/大客户管理•组织氛围–文化•组织承诺–工作承诺•绩效评估•个人特征/特点•角色压力–身体压力–应对–焦虑•销售职业–阶段–路径•销售教育问题–学生和学术观点•销售人员控制•销售管理职能–分析–规划–战略–实施–决策配额•销售组织–结构–渠道•销售技术应用程序–信息系统–自动化–数据库–销售支持•销售和销售管理在行动•销售流程–阶段–活动–适应性销售–团队销售–社会销售•专业渠道–贸易展–电话营销–电子商务•监督–领导力–领导者行为–领导者/下属关系©2021 Pi-sigma epsilon国家教育基金会https://doi.org/10.1080/08853134.2021.1919522raj agnihotri得克萨斯大学阿灵顿大学alexander Haas吉森大学Cindy rippé北乔治亚大学frederik Beuk阿克伦卡捷琳娜山阿肯色州立大学勒罗伊-罗宾逊休斯顿大学Clear Lake elten Briggs得克萨斯大学阿灵顿fernando Jaramillo得克萨斯大学Arlington amin rostami明尼苏达大学Duluth nawar Chaker路易斯安那州立大学ashish Kalra LaSalle大学stacey schetzsle坦帕杜利普大学。Delpechitre伊利诺伊州立大学felicia g.lassk东北大学Wyatt schrock密歇根州立大学tanya Drollinger莱思布里奇大学terry W.loe Kennesaw州立大学J.andy Wood James Madison大学David gilliam阿肯色大学小石城分校Jesse n。Moore Clemson大学Jessica Zeiss Ball州立大学Megan good加利福尼亚州立理工大学Ponoma Jay Mulki东北大学Yanhui赵内布拉斯加大学Omaha edward nowlin堪萨斯州立大学168个人销售和销售管理摘要•时间和区域管理-分配-优化模型-客户/客户分析预测•培训-发展-晋升•离职-离职倾向-保留摘要部分总结的文章无法从编辑人员或JPSSM获得。任何关于摘要部分的信件都应发送给摘要部分的编辑。
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引用次数: 0
Commentary: practical insights for sales force digitalization success: the scholar’s perspective 解说词:销售队伍数字化成功的实践见解:学者视角
IF 4.4 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/08853134.2021.1919523
W. Cron, Artur Baldauf
Abstract The Zoltners, Sinha, Sahay, Shastri, and Lorimer (2021) article provides an excellent macro model of how sales digitization is related to organizational success. Additionally, the authors provide recommendations for avoiding pitfalls and achieving success in sales digitization programs. The intent of this article is to facilitate future research on these linkages identified in the Zoltners et al. article by discussing how specific models and theories might inform research on these linkages, including Complexity Leadership Theory, business models and contextual boundary conditions, a resource-based view of the firm, and Transaction Cost Theory.
摘要Zoltners、Sinha、Sahay、Shastri和Lorimer(2021)的文章为销售数字化如何与组织成功相关提供了一个极好的宏观模型。此外,作者还为避免销售数字化计划中的陷阱和取得成功提供了建议。这篇文章的目的是通过讨论具体的模型和理论如何为这些联系的研究提供信息,包括复杂性领导理论、商业模型和上下文边界条件、基于资源的企业观和交易成本理论,促进未来对Zoltners等人文章中确定的这些联系的调查。
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引用次数: 3
Practical insights for sales force digitalization success 销售队伍数字化成功的实用见解
IF 4.4 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/08853134.2021.1908144
A. Zoltners, Prabhakant Sinha, Dharmendra Sahay, Arundhati Shastri, Sally E. Lorimer
Abstract Sales organizations are actively pursuing digitalization because they see value through greater efficiency and effectiveness. In this paper, we examine the challenges in implementing sales force digitalization and suggest ways in which organizations can overcome these challenges. We present a sales effectiveness framework and discuss how digitalization affects its key components, including customer strategy, organization design, talent management, customer engagement, and the supporting architecture. We propose a conceptual model for digitalization success which considers the digital readiness of the organization, usage and adoption of digital solutions by the sales force, and actions for driving sustained impact. We map three types of digitalization failure to this model, exploring the causes of slow progress, poor adoption, and low impact. Then, we share success factors for overcoming these challenges. These include getting the right team to lead the effort, using an agile approach, and putting the organizational support elements in place to sustain success. We present these success factors in the form of a checklist of critical dimensions that organizations tend to overlook. Finally, we discuss the value for practitioners, share limitations of the work, and propose areas for further research that can enhance our ideas and improve sales digitalization success rates.
摘要销售组织正在积极追求数字化,因为他们通过更高的效率和有效性看到价值。在本文中,我们研究了实现销售队伍数字化的挑战,并提出了组织可以克服这些挑战的方法。我们提出了一个销售有效性框架,并讨论了数字化如何影响其关键组成部分,包括客户战略、组织设计、人才管理、客户参与和支持架构。我们提出了一个数字化成功的概念模型,该模型考虑了组织的数字化准备情况、销售人员对数字化解决方案的使用和采用,以及推动持续影响的行动。我们将三种类型的数字化失败映射到该模型中,探讨了进展缓慢、采用率低和影响低的原因。然后,我们分享克服这些挑战的成功因素。其中包括让合适的团队来领导这项工作,使用敏捷的方法,并将组织支持元素落实到位,以保持成功。我们将这些成功因素以组织往往忽视的关键维度清单的形式呈现。最后,我们讨论了从业者的价值,分享了工作的局限性,并提出了可以增强我们的想法和提高销售数字化成功率的进一步研究领域。
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引用次数: 25
Commentary: practical insights to ensure sales force digitalization success: the educator’s perspective 解说:确保销售队伍数字化成功的实践见解:教育工作者的视角
IF 4.4 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/08853134.2021.1916397
C. Herman, Craig McAndrews
Abstract The authors evaluate the implications of Zoltners and colleagues (2021) for contemporary sales education. They commend Zoltners and colleagues for their unique angle in exploring the path to success for sales digitalization through both common reasons of failure and key success factors. Given the primary objective for sales educators to equip students for future employment in the sales industry, addressing the insights and recommendations Zoltners and colleagues present in the education process is necessary. Digitalization in sales continues to evolve and as a result, many practitioners and academics are in a state of “building the bicycle while riding it.” In light of this shift, we believe academic institutions have an opportunity to incorporate several of the insights from the article into their sales courses. In this commentary, the authors address four areas that this article can influence: (1) course curriculum and the case for new content, (2) experiential education and the role of adaptation in selling, (3) career-framing so students have a broader understanding of future sales roles, and (4) cross-discipline partnering in order to minimize silo-based learning.
摘要作者评估了Zoltners及其同事(2021)对当代销售教育的影响。他们赞扬Zoltners及其同事通过常见的失败原因和关键的成功因素,从独特的角度探索销售数字化的成功之路。鉴于销售教育工作者的主要目标是让学生为未来在销售行业的就业做好准备,有必要解决Zoltners及其同事在教育过程中提出的见解和建议。销售数字化不断发展,因此,许多从业者和学者都处于“边骑自行车边造自行车”的状态。鉴于这一转变,我们相信学术机构有机会将文章中的一些见解融入他们的销售课程。在这篇评论中,作者谈到了本文可能影响的四个领域:(1)课程设置和新内容的案例,(2)体验式教育和适应在销售中的作用,(3)职业框架,使学生对未来的销售角色有更广泛的了解,以及(4)跨学科合作,以最大限度地减少基于筒仓的学习。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management
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