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Decentralization Dividends: Can Expanding Land Approval Autonomy Improve the Quality and Scale of Urban Land Use Efficiency? 分权红利:扩大土地审批自主权能否提高城市土地利用效率的质量和规模?
IF 2.1 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1111/grow.70115
Fenghui Sun, Hengzhou Xu, Kunzai Niu

According to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), lower land use efficiency may pose challenges to achieving sustainable development. We exploit the reform of the construction land approval authority in China, which grants local governments greater autonomy in land use decisions. Using large-scale socioeconomic, land transfer, and nighttime light data, we constructed two complementary indicators to measure the quality and scale of urban land use efficiency (ULUE): land output efficiency (LOE) and land scale efficiency (LSE). We draw the following main conclusions: expanded autonomy in land approval significantly improves ULUE. The policy effects of the reform on different types of ULUE vary in cities with different levels of land demand, land marketization development, and industrial agglomeration. The reform primarily improves ULUE, especially LOE, by reshaping land allocation strategies that promote the use of stock land and increase land value, and by encouraging industrial development strategies that facilitate the growth of producer services and digital industries. These findings highlight the importance of administrative decentralization and land approval reforms in shaping land allocation and suggest that policymakers should carefully consider how relaxing land regulations influences local government decisions.

根据可持续发展目标(SDGs),土地利用效率低下可能对实现可持续发展构成挑战。我们利用中国建设用地审批机构的改革,赋予地方政府在土地使用决策上更大的自主权。利用大规模的社会经济、土地流转和夜间照明数据,构建了两个互补指标:土地产出效率(LOE)和土地规模效率(LSE)来衡量城市土地利用效率(ULUE)的质量和规模。研究得出以下主要结论:土地审批自主权的扩大显著提高了城市土地利用效率。在不同土地需求水平、土地市场化发展水平和产业集聚水平的城市,改革对不同类型土地利用效率的政策效果存在差异。改革主要通过重塑促进存量土地利用和提高土地价值的土地配置策略,以及鼓励促进生产性服务业和数字产业增长的产业发展战略,提高ULUE,特别是LOE。这些发现强调了行政分权和土地审批改革在土地分配中的重要性,并建议决策者应仔细考虑放宽土地法规对地方政府决策的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Does Industrial Agglomeration Enhance Firms' Innovation Performance? An Empirical Study From Industrial Zones in Shanghai 产业集聚是否提升企业创新绩效?基于上海工业园区的实证研究
IF 2.1 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1111/grow.70112
Yi Zhang, Yuefang Si, Hanyan Sun

Although numerous studies have examined the role of industrial agglomeration in regional innovation, limited research has investigated the impact of industrial agglomeration on firms' innovation. Therefore, using a novel dataset that merges data from 2772 manufacturing firms in 2015 with 51 Shanghai industrial zones-level data, this study investigates how two distinct types of industrial agglomeration influence firms' innovation performance from a non-linear perspective. Our findings reveal a U-shaped relationship between diversification agglomeration and firms' innovation performance: initially, its performance declines as the intensity of diversification agglomeration increases, but beyond a threshold, it rises with further intensification. In contrast, specialization agglomeration exhibits a consistently positive relationship with firms' innovation performance. Moreover, our results demonstrate that the critical role of specialization agglomeration for the innovation performance of firms in low- and medium technology industries, while highlighting that diversification agglomeration is more beneficial to enhance the innovation performance of firms in high-technology industries. Based on these insights, this paper provides important policy implications for promoting the sustainable development of Chinese industrial zones.

虽然已有大量研究考察了产业集聚在区域创新中的作用,但研究产业集聚对企业创新的影响的研究却很少。因此,本文利用2015年2772家制造业企业的数据和51个上海工业园区的数据,从非线性角度考察了两种不同类型的产业集聚对企业创新绩效的影响。研究结果表明,多元化集聚与企业创新绩效之间呈u型关系:初始阶段,企业创新绩效随着多元化集聚强度的增加而下降,但超过一定阈值后,企业创新绩效随着多元化集聚强度的增加而上升。专业化集聚与企业创新绩效呈持续的正相关关系。研究结果表明,专业化集聚对中低技术产业企业创新绩效具有重要影响,而多元化集聚则更有利于提高高技术产业企业的创新绩效。在此基础上,本文为促进中国工业园区的可持续发展提供了重要的政策启示。
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引用次数: 0
As Climate Risks Intensify: How Do Key Digital Technologies Promote Pollution Reduction and Carbon Mitigation? Evidence From China 气候风险加剧:关键数字技术如何促进污染减排和碳减排?来自中国的证据
IF 2.1 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1111/grow.70114
Shengling Zhang, Ruibing Ji, Wei Dou, Yu Hao

Key digital technology (KDT) serves as a critical technological foundation for advancing pollution reduction and carbon mitigation (PRCM), while increasingly reshaping regional environmental governance capacity. However, the institutional fluctuations and governance uncertainties induced by intensifying climate risks have introduced both challenges and opportunities for the environmental effectiveness of KDT. Drawing on panel data from 276 prefecture-level cities in China between 2011 and 2021, this study investigates the impact of KDT on PRCM synergy across heterogeneous regional contexts. The findings reveal that KDT significantly enhances the degree of PRCM synergy, highlighting its dual environmental benefits. Moreover, climate risks play differentiated moderating roles in this process. Specifically, climate transition risks amplify the PRCM effect of KDT, reflecting the greater marginal adaptability of technological governance under institutional risk scenarios. In contrast, the overall moderating role of climate physical risks is limited. Heterogeneity analysis suggests that under transition risks, KDT possesses compensatory capacities to address institutional uncertainty, whereas under physical risks, its effectiveness is conditioned by regional structural characteristics and governance capacity. Mechanism analysis further demonstrates that KDT influences PRCM synergy through a chain pathway encompassing “source prevention–process control–end-stage blocking.” Spatial effect analysis indicates a siphon effect of KDT, with significant negative spillovers on the PRCM synergy of adjacent regions, implying the risk of widening inter-regional disparities in environmental governance outcomes.

关键数字技术(KDT)是推进减少污染和减少碳排放(PRCM)的关键技术基础,同时日益重塑区域环境治理能力。然而,气候风险加剧所导致的制度波动和治理不确定性给KDT的环境有效性带来了挑战和机遇。本研究利用2011 - 2021年中国276个地级市的面板数据,探讨了不同区域背景下KDT对PRCM协同效应的影响。研究结果表明,KDT显著增强了PRCM的协同程度,突出了其双重环境效益。此外,气候风险在这一过程中发挥了差异化的调节作用。具体而言,气候转型风险放大了KDT的PRCM效应,反映了制度风险情景下技术治理的更大边际适应性。相比之下,气候物理风险的整体调节作用有限。异质性分析表明,在转型风险下,KDT具有解决制度不确定性的补偿能力,而在物理风险下,其有效性受区域结构特征和治理能力的制约。机制分析进一步表明,KDT通过“源头预防-过程控制-末端阻断”的连锁途径影响PRCM协同作用。空间效应分析表明,KDT具有虹吸效应,对相邻区域的PRCM协同效应具有显著的负溢出效应,表明区域间环境治理结果差异存在扩大的风险。
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引用次数: 0
Urban Concentration and Economic Growth: The Role of Second-Tier Cities 城市集中与经济增长:二线城市的作用
IF 2.1 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1111/grow.70113
Dongyeol Lee

Urban primacy has significantly increased in some advanced countries during the process of urbanization, potentially hindering economic growth. This paper empirically examines the relationships between urban concentration and economic growth. Using fixed effects (FE) estimations with OECD country panel data, we find that increased urban concentration within non-primary cities can promote national economic growth, potentially by mitigating excessive urban primacy—the disproportionate concentration of economic activity in the largest city. These findings suggest that in countries with high urban primacy, policies focused on fostering the development of relatively large second-tier cities can effectively address excessive urban primacy and support more balanced growth.

在城市化进程中,一些发达国家的城市主导地位显著上升,可能阻碍经济增长。本文对城市集中度与经济增长之间的关系进行了实证研究。利用经合组织国家面板数据的固定效应(FE)估计,我们发现,非主要城市中城市集中度的提高可以促进国民经济增长,可能是通过缓解过度的城市首要性——最大城市的经济活动不成比例的集中——来实现的。这些发现表明,在城市首要地位较高的国家,侧重于促进相对较大的二线城市发展的政策可以有效地解决城市首要地位过高的问题,并支持更平衡的增长。
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引用次数: 0
High-Tech Regions as Innovators of Traditional Technologies 高新区作为传统技术的创新者
IF 2.1 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/grow.70109
Ruoran Liu, Joanna Ganning

This study investigates whether high-tech innovation stimulates innovation in traditional fields across US metropolitan regions between 1996 and 2014. Existing theory emphasizes that innovation unfolds differently in high-tech versus low- and medium-tech industries, while a common view among stakeholders portrays technological progress as a linear shift from traditional to high-tech fields. Utilizing USPTO patent data and technological classifications, this study examines whether regions strong in high-tech fields also experience growth in patenting within non-high-tech industries. The findings indicate that metropolitan regions with higher levels of high-tech patenting in 1996–2000 subsequently exhibited more patenting in traditional fields in 2010–2014, with effects varying across industries. The analysis further suggests that regional innovation in traditional fields is predominantly shaped by path dependency, with high-tech innovation serving a more complementary role. Overall, the study highlights a symbiotic—rather than unidirectional—relationship between traditional and high-tech innovation.

本研究考察了1996 - 2014年间美国大都市地区的高科技创新是否刺激了传统领域的创新。现有理论强调,创新在高技术产业与中低技术产业的发展方式不同,而利益相关者之间的共同观点则将技术进步描绘为从传统领域向高科技领域的线性转变。利用美国专利商标局的专利数据和技术分类,本研究考察了高科技领域的强势地区是否也经历了非高科技产业的专利增长。研究结果表明,1996-2000年高技术专利申请水平较高的大都市区,在2010-2014年传统领域的专利申请数量也有所增加,且不同产业之间存在差异。传统领域的区域创新以路径依赖为主,高新技术创新的互补作用更强。总的来说,这项研究强调了传统和高科技创新之间的共生关系,而不是单向关系。
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引用次数: 0
The Conditional Impact of Recent Economic, Global, and Technological Challenges on Productivity Growth in EU Regions 近期经济、全球和技术挑战对欧盟地区生产率增长的条件影响
IF 2.1 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1111/grow.70111
Maria Tsiapa

The global landscape is marked by ongoing transformations and abrupt shifts driven by new forms of globalisation through the expansion of Global Value Chains, the Fourth Industrial Revolution, and recurring crises. This paper examines the role of these key economic, global, and technological challenges in shaping productivity growth across EU regions, assessing both the nature and variability of their impacts at the sub-national level. The novelty of the paper lies in its ability to uncover the complex dynamics and pronounced spatial variations often masked by national aggregates, many of which remain underexplored. The results show that productivity imbalances stem from economic challenges, where resilience depends on the adaptation and adaptability of regions anchored in the secondary sector; from global challenges, as integration imposes limits and leads to losses through overexposure and dependence on Global Value Chains via backward linkages; and from technological challenges, as the new industrial revolution drives higher productivity gains in the most digitally intensive sectors of manufacturing. By demonstrating that regions differ not only in their exposure to these challenges but also in their capacity to adapt and thrive, the paper provides valuable insights for policymakers aiming to address regional disparities and foster more balanced, sustainable productivity growth across the EU.

在全球价值链扩张、第四次工业革命和反复出现的危机等新形式的全球化推动下,全球格局呈现出持续转型和突变的特征。本文考察了这些关键的经济、全球和技术挑战在影响欧盟地区生产率增长方面的作用,评估了它们在次国家层面影响的性质和可变性。这篇论文的新颖之处在于它能够揭示复杂的动态和明显的空间变化,这些变化往往被国家总量所掩盖,其中许多尚未得到充分探索。结果表明,生产率失衡源于经济挑战,其中韧性取决于以第二产业为基础的地区的适应能力和适应性;应对全球挑战,因为一体化带来了限制,并因过度暴露和依赖全球价值链而导致损失;面对技术挑战,随着新工业革命推动制造业中最数字化密集型部门的生产率提高。通过证明各地区不仅在面临这些挑战方面存在差异,而且在适应和发展能力方面也存在差异,本文为决策者提供了有价值的见解,旨在解决地区差异,促进整个欧盟更平衡、更可持续的生产率增长。
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引用次数: 0
What Causes Housing Price Decline? A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on 267 Prefecture-Level Cities in China 是什么导致了房价下跌?基于中国267个地级市的模糊集定性比较分析
IF 2.1 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1111/grow.70110
Guangping Liu, Xinlin Guo

The stability of housing prices is crucial to both macroeconomic stability and people's livelihoods. In order to explore the root causes of the decline in China's real estate prices and formulate targeted policies for stabilizing housing prices, this study adopts a configuration perspective and employs the fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) method. Taking the housing price changes of 267 prefecture-level cities in China from 2021 to 2023 as the research object, this paper identifies the key combined paths influencing the downward trend of housing prices. The research findings reveal four core configuration paths for housing price decline: cost relief type, cost reduction adaptation type, supply-demand contraction type, and supply-demand recession type. All four paths include a high decline rate of land prices, indicating that the decrease in land prices serves as a critical foundational condition for the decline in housing prices. The interaction between the supply and demand sides determines the market mechanism underlying the housing price decline: when demand is strong, the supply side proactively adjusts its structure and reduces costs by leveraging the decrease in land costs to achieve active price adjustment; when demand is weak, the supply side is forced into passive price discounts due to inventory backlogs and capital chain pressures. Financial support, functioning as a lubricant, amplifies elasticity on the demand side and mitigates risks on the supply side, yet it cannot reverse the fundamental trends of demand recession and supply clearance.

房价稳定关系宏观经济稳定,关系民生稳定。为了探究中国房地产价格下跌的根本原因,制定有针对性的稳定房价政策,本研究采用配置视角,采用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法。本文以中国267个地级市2021 - 2023年的房价变动为研究对象,找出影响房价下行趋势的关键组合路径。研究结果揭示了房价下跌的四种核心配置路径:成本缓解型、成本降低适应型、供需收缩型和供需衰退型。这四条路径都包含了较高的土地价格下降率,这表明土地价格的下降是房价下降的关键基础条件。供需双方的相互作用决定了房价下跌的市场机制:当需求旺盛时,供给方主动调整结构,利用土地成本下降来降低成本,实现主动调价;当需求疲软时,由于库存积压和资金链压力,供应方被迫被动降价。金融支持起到了润滑剂的作用,扩大了需求侧的弹性,降低了供给侧的风险,但无法扭转需求衰退、供给出清的基本趋势。
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引用次数: 0
Co-Creating an Urban Circularity Questionnaire: A Workshop Approach With Experts 共同创建城市循环调查问卷:与专家的研讨会方法
IF 2.1 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-01-25 DOI: 10.1111/grow.70106
Rengin Aslanoğlu, Loredana Ivan, Cihan Kayaçetin, Qiuxian Li, Joost van Hoof, Jeroen Dikken

As cities strive for sustainable development, the concept of urban circularity is gaining increasing recognition as a framework for systemic transformation. Yet, tools used to assess circularity, such as questionnaires, are often limited to traditional measurement functions. This paper argues that adopting new methods for developing questionnaires can serve as both a mechanism for creating a circularity measurement tool and for initiating conversations with stakeholders. It details a co-creation process involving international stakeholders (architects, urban planners, local government representatives, and social scientists) in the development of a circularity questionnaire and argues that these should be context-driven, methodologically sound, and, more importantly, socially accountable tools that include all stakeholders. This paper emphasizes ensuring effective measurements of urban circularity through the participation of all perspectives, improving the development process and the quality of surveys, and increasing stakeholder participation and dialog to effect change and increase insights into circularity practices.

随着城市努力实现可持续发展,城市循环概念作为一种系统转型的框架正得到越来越多的认可。然而,用于评估循环性的工具,如问卷调查,往往仅限于传统的测量功能。本文认为,采用新的方法来开发问卷,可以作为创建循环测量工具和启动与利益相关者对话的机制。它详细介绍了一个涉及国际利益相关者(建筑师、城市规划师、地方政府代表和社会科学家)的共同创造过程,并认为这些应该是环境驱动的,方法上合理的,更重要的是,包括所有利益相关者的社会责任工具。本文强调通过各方参与确保城市循环度的有效测量,改善开发过程和调查质量,增加利益相关者的参与和对话,以影响变革并增加对循环实践的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Intercity Distance and Functional Complementarity in Chinese Megaregions 中国特大区域的城际距离与功能互补
IF 2.1 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-01-25 DOI: 10.1111/grow.70105
Yixiao Wang, Bindong Sun

By combining the city attribute data of sectoral employment in producer service and manufacturing and the intercity interaction data of population travel, internet, and patent cooperation from 2015 to 2019, the improved functional complementarity between core cities and their peripheral cities is measured. Using physical distance and expressway length as proxies for intercity distance, the analysis investigates the impact of intercity distance on functional complementarity by taking 11 Chinese megaregions as cases. The empirical results show that: (1) Intercity complementarity decreases with increasing intercity distance. (2) Considering intercity interaction in the measurements reveals the greater sensitivity of intercity functional complementarity to distance. (3) The negative effect of the distance becomes increasingly important over time if the interaction is highly sensitive to distance. (4) Among the sectors examined, leasing and business services show the weakest sensitivity to intercity distance while transportation services exhibit the most sensitivity. Our research emphasizes the significance of intercity distance on intercity functional relations in urban systems.

结合2015 - 2019年生产性服务业和制造业部门就业的城市属性数据,以及人口出行、互联网、专利合作等城际互动数据,对核心城市与周边城市功能互补性提升程度进行测度。以物理距离和高速公路长度作为城际距离的代表,以中国11个特大区域为例,研究城际距离对功能互补性的影响。实证结果表明:(1)城际互补性随着城际距离的增加而降低。(2)在测量中考虑城际相互作用,城际功能互补性对距离的敏感性更大。(3)当交互作用对距离高度敏感时,随着时间的推移,距离的负面影响变得越来越重要。(4)租赁和商务服务业对城际距离的敏感度最低,交通运输服务业对城际距离的敏感度最高。我们的研究强调了城际距离对城市系统中城际功能关系的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Beyond Path Dependence: Local State Interventions and Firm Export Upgrading in China 超越路径依赖:中国地方政府干预与企业出口升级
IF 2.1 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1111/grow.70107
Qi Guo, Haoyu Zhang, Yi Zhou, Zhiding Hu, Tinglin Wang

While evolutionary economic geography has documented path-dependent patterns of regional industrial upgrading, it has paid less attention to the firm-level mechanisms underlying these patterns and to the role of spatially differentiated institutional environments. This paper examines how firm capabilities interact with locally varied policy regimes to shape export product upgrading in China. Using matched panel data linking firm-product exports with city-industry policy indicators, we show that firm upgrading is strongly capability-dependent, but systematically conditioned by local policy regimes. Stronger policy support weakens firms' reliance on pre-existing capabilities, facilitating upgrading into more technologically distant product spaces, while policy structure plays a critical role: competition-oriented policy regimes are more effective than selective ones in enabling path-breaking upgrading. These findings show that the ability of firms to move beyond capability-related trajectories depends critically on how local policies are structured, not merely on how much support is provided.

虽然演化经济地理学已经记录了区域产业升级的路径依赖模式,但它对这些模式背后的企业层面机制和空间差异制度环境的作用关注较少。本文考察了企业能力如何与当地不同的政策制度相互作用,从而影响中国出口产品的升级。通过将企业产品出口与城市产业政策指标联系起来的匹配面板数据,我们发现企业升级强烈依赖于能力,但系统性地受到地方政策制度的制约。强有力的政策支持削弱了企业对现有能力的依赖,促进了向技术上更遥远的产品空间的升级,而政策结构起着关键作用:在促进突破性升级方面,以竞争为导向的政策制度比选择性的政策制度更有效。这些发现表明,企业超越能力相关轨迹的能力主要取决于当地政策的结构,而不仅仅取决于提供了多少支持。
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引用次数: 0
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