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Quantifying the impacts of suburbanization without growth on central city housing vacancy 量化没有增长的郊区化对中心城市住房空置的影响
IF 3.2 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-08-16 DOI: 10.1111/grow.12687
Joanna Ganning

Scholars have written descriptively about the relationship between suburbanization and central city decline. However, research has not produced systematic, quantitative estimates of the relationships between the components of suburbanization and vacancy—generally or amid urban decline. Such estimates are required to design effective policies that could protect against the social inequalities associated with such development patterns. This paper applies an economic framework of suburbanization and vacancy to 99 urbanized areas in the United States to estimate the impact on central city residential vacancy from 2013 to 2019. The results support the central hypothesis, that regional over-building contributes to central city vacancy, and that this impact is significantly magnified by the context of decline. Results show regional over-building causes central city vacancy in Shrinking Cities at 9.6 times the effect observed in other Principal Cities. Ameliorating factors vary between Shrinking and Non-Shrinking contexts.

学者们对郊区化与中心城市衰落之间的关系进行了描述。然而,研究并没有对郊区化的组成部分与空置率之间的关系做出系统、定量的估计——无论是在总体上还是在城市衰落的情况下。需要进行这样的估计,以制定有效的政策,防止与这种发展模式相关的社会不平等。本文将郊区化和空置率的经济框架应用于美国99个城市化地区,以估计2013-2019年对中心城市住宅空置率的影响。研究结果支持了中心假说,即区域过度建设导致了中心城市的空置,而这种影响在下降的背景下被显著放大。结果显示,区域过度建设导致收缩城市的中心城市空置率是其他主要城市的9.6倍。改善因素因收缩和非收缩环境而异。
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引用次数: 0
What matters for lagging regions? The role of self-employment and industrial diversity in distressed areas 对落后地区有什么影响?贫困地区个体经营和产业多样性的作用
IF 3.2 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-07-22 DOI: 10.1111/grow.12686
Zachary T. Keeler, Heather M. Stephens

Previous research suggests that having more self-employed or entrepreneurs can contribute to higher levels of economic growth in distressed areas. Additionally, self-employment in certain industries may be more beneficial to growth. Other research has linked industrial diversity to entrepreneurship and regional growth, especially in urban areas. However, the relationship between industrial diversity, self-employment, and growth in lagging or distressed regions is less clear. To examine these linkages in distressed areas, we first identify a group of distressed counties based on historic data. Then, using detailed industry-level self-employment data, we appraise whether having more self-employed from certain industries is associated with regional growth. We also analyze the relationship between industrial diversity and overall growth and the propensity to be self-employed. The results suggest that having more self-employment overall and in some key industries is associated with more employment growth in distressed counties. We also find that the relationship between economic diversity and self-employment varies by industry and region.

先前的研究表明,在贫困地区,拥有更多的个体经营者或企业家可以促进更高水平的经济增长。此外,某些行业的自营职业可能更有利于增长。其他研究将工业多样性与企业家精神和区域增长联系起来,尤其是在城市地区。然而,在落后或贫困地区,产业多样性、个体经营和增长之间的关系不太清楚。为了检查贫困地区的这些联系,我们首先根据历史数据确定了一组贫困县。然后,利用详细的行业层面的个体经营数据,我们评估了来自某些行业的个体经营是否与区域增长有关。我们还分析了产业多样性与整体增长和个体经营倾向之间的关系。结果表明,在经济困难的县,总体上和一些关键行业拥有更多的自营职业与更多的就业增长有关。我们还发现,经济多样性与个体就业的关系因行业和地区而异。
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引用次数: 0
Whether polycentric spatial structure is conducive to regional coordinated development: A study on urban agglomerations in China 多中心空间结构是否有利于区域协调发展——中国城市群研究
IF 3.2 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.1111/grow.12685
Peng Ji, Lilin Yuan

With the aggravation of congestion, pollution, and other negative externalities generated by continued urbanization, polycentric strategies have gradually become one of the main urban and regional spatial strategies. It remains unclear, however, whether the polycentric structure is conducive to regional coordinated development. This study examines these issues using China's urban agglomerations (UAs) as a sample. The Prolonged Artificial Nighttime-light Dataset of China (PANDA) was used to measure the polycentric structure. The results of the nonparametric identification of sub-centers show that almost all of China's UAs exhibit multiple (sub)centers, and the number of (sub)centers in most UAs has increased from 1992 to 2020. Empirical analysis shows that a polycentric structure is beneficial for narrowing regional disparities within the UA, and the narrowing effect of the polycentric structure on regional disparities increases as the distance between centers increases. Furthermore, a polycentric spatial structure is more conducive to the economic growth of small cities in UA, thereby promoting the coordinated development of regions within UA.

随着持续城市化带来的拥堵、污染等负面外部性的加剧,多中心战略逐渐成为主要的城市和区域空间战略之一。然而,多中心结构是否有利于区域协调发展仍是一个未知数。本研究以中国城市群为样本对这些问题进行了研究。利用中国长时间人工夜光数据集(PANDA)对多中心结构进行了测量。副中心的非参数识别结果表明,1992 - 2020年,中国几乎所有的城市群都具有多个副中心,且大部分城市群的副中心数量有所增加。实证分析表明,多中心结构有利于缩小UA内部的区域差异,且随着中心间距离的增加,多中心结构对区域差异的缩小作用也随之增强。此外,多中心的空间结构更有利于UA内小城市的经济增长,从而促进UA内区域的协调发展。
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引用次数: 0
Internet development and the spatial optimization of regional productivity: Evidence from China 互联网发展与区域生产力空间优化:来自中国的证据
IF 3.2 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.1111/grow.12680
Peng Wang, Cong Cen, Xiaoyan Lin

The rapid development of the Internet had a profound influence on the spatial distribution of economic output activities. On the basis of theoretical analysis, this study takes China's regions as research samples and construct a spatial econometric model to empirically analyze the impact of Internet development on regional productivity. The analysis reveals that the distribution of regional productivity in China had significant spatial correlation; regional productivity had positive spatial externalities; Internet development had significant promotion effects and positive spatial spillover effects to regional productivity, but the effects are heterogeneous in different subregions. The subregion analysis shows that the optimization effect of the Internet on regional productivity exhibits heterogeneity in different subregions. The threshold effect analysis reveals the increasing marginal effect of Internet development on regional productivity, and economic development and human capital supply are important factors restricting this marginal effect. Altogether, this study provides useful references on the positive effects of the Internet on regional productivity in the spatial dimension, and suggests that the policy makers can optimize the spatial distribution of regional productivity by promoting Internet access in various regions and narrowing the digital divide among regions.

互联网的快速发展对经济产出活动的空间分布产生了深刻的影响。在理论分析的基础上,本文以中国各区域为研究样本,构建空间计量模型,实证分析互联网发展对区域生产力的影响。分析表明,中国区域生产力分布具有显著的空间相关性;区域生产力具有正的空间外部性;互联网发展对区域生产力具有显著的促进作用和正向的空间溢出效应,但不同次区域的影响存在异质性。分区域分析表明,互联网对区域生产力的优化效应在不同的分区域表现出异质性。阈值效应分析表明,互联网发展对区域生产力的边际效应日益增强,而经济发展和人力资本供给是制约这种边际效应的重要因素。综上所述,本研究在空间维度上对互联网对区域生产力的积极影响提供了有益的参考,并建议政策制定者可以通过促进各区域互联网接入和缩小区域之间的数字鸿沟来优化区域生产力的空间分布。
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引用次数: 1
Research and development intensive clusters and regional competitiveness 研发集约化集群和区域竞争力
IF 3.2 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-05-02 DOI: 10.1111/grow.12676
Reinhold Kosfeld, Timo Mitze

Modern cluster theory provides reasons for positive external effects that accrue from the interaction of spatially proximate firms operating in common and related fields of economic activity. In this paper, we examine the impact of R&D-intensive clusters as a key factor of regional competitiveness on productivity growth. In relying on a hybrid approach of cluster identification, we examine effects of cluster specialization and diversity for a panel of German NUTS-3 regions in 2003–2019. After controlling for regional characteristics and unobserved heterogeneity, a robust cluster strength effect (i.e., specialization) on productivity growth is found within the context of conditional convergence across German regions. With regard to the underlying mechanisms, we find that the presence of multiple R&D-intensive clusters in specific technological fields is most strongly linked to higher levels of regional productivity growth. We also find that advantages from cluster specialization are strongest in key industrial sector such as automobile production, machinery, chemical and pharmaceutical products. Overall, our estimates particularly highlight the working of Marshallian externalities in productivity dynamics, while Jacobs-type spillovers tend to be partially realized. These findings indicate that some but not all cluster-based regional development strategies are promising policy tools to foster regional growth processes.

现代集群理论为在共同和相关的经济活动领域中经营的空间接近的公司的相互作用所产生的积极外部效应提供了理由。本文研究了研发密集型集群作为区域竞争力的关键因素对生产率增长的影响。依靠集群识别的混合方法,我们研究了2003-2019年德国nut -3地区面板的集群专业化和多样性的影响。在控制了区域特征和未观察到的异质性之后,在德国各地区的条件收敛背景下,发现了对生产率增长的强大集群强度效应(即专业化)。关于潜在的机制,我们发现在特定技术领域多个研发密集型集群的存在与更高水平的区域生产率增长有着最强烈的联系。我们还发现,集群专业化的优势在汽车、机械、化工和医药等关键产业领域最为明显。总体而言,我们的估计特别强调了马歇尔外部性在生产率动态中的作用,而雅各布斯型溢出往往是部分实现的。这些发现表明,一些(但不是全部)基于集群的区域发展战略是促进区域增长进程的有希望的政策工具。
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引用次数: 2
Developing a typology of daily travelers based on transportation attitudes: Application of latent class analysis using a survey of millennials and older adults in Hamilton, Ontario 基于交通态度开发日常旅行者的类型学:对安大略省汉密尔顿千禧一代和老年人进行调查,应用潜在阶层分析
IF 3.2 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.1111/grow.12678
Shaila Jamal, K. Bruce Newbold, Darren M. Scott

Using survey data of millennials and older adults in Hamilton, Ontario, this exploratory study sought to identify daily travelers based on their attitudes and perceptions toward transportation modes using latent class analysis. Four daily traveler types are identified—“walk and transit-oriented travelers,” “car-oriented commuters,” “multimodal travelers,” and “car-oriented travelers.” The study also examined the association of different sociodemographic characteristics and trip attributes with the four traveler types. Findings suggest that heterogeneity exists within travel-related attitudes among different traveler types. Further, heterogeneous traveler types exist among individuals belonging to the same generation, with the same living arrangements and possession of a driver's license.

这项探索性研究利用安大略省汉密尔顿的千禧一代和老年人的调查数据,利用潜在阶级分析,试图根据他们对交通方式的态度和看法来识别日常旅行者。研究确定了四种日常出行类型:“步行和公交出行为主”、“汽车通勤为主”、“多式联运出行”和“汽车出行为主”。该研究还考察了不同的社会人口特征和旅行属性与四种旅行者类型的关系。研究结果表明,不同旅行者类型的旅游相关态度存在异质性。此外,异质旅行者类型存在于同代人中,他们拥有相同的生活安排和驾驶执照。
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引用次数: 0
Family business and regional development. By Rodrigo Basco, Roger Stough, and Lech Suwala (Eds.), London: UK: Routledge. 2021. 300 pages. Available open access: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429058097 家族企业与区域发展。作者:RodrigoBasco, RogerStough和LechSuwala(编),伦敦:英国:Routledge出版社,2021。300页。可开放获取:https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429058097
IF 3.2 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-20 DOI: 10.1111/grow.12679
Maria I. Marshall
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引用次数: 0
Charter school proliferation and school district fiscal stress, a chicken-egg problem 特许学校激增和学区财政压力,这是一个先有鸡还是先有蛋的问题
IF 3.2 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-19 DOI: 10.1111/grow.12675
Bo Feng

Charter schools have become one of the most popular school choice programs in recent years. While being accused of endangering the fiscal health of local school districts, charter school proliferation could also be the result of fiscal stress of local school districts. However, this reverse causation has not been fully studied in the literature. Using data of local school districts in Ohio from 2011 to 2019, I adopt an Instrumental Variable approach to investigate the possible scenario that the rapid growth in charter school enrollment could be caused by fiscal stress of school districts. The results suggest that the inadequate funding from state and local sources had led to a significant increase in charter school enrollment for urban districts, although the charter demand is inelastic to public funding changes. Students could be left with no better options but to choose charter schools over failing traditional public schools.

近年来,特许学校已经成为最受欢迎的学校选择项目之一。特许学校的激增,在被指责危及地方学区财政健康的同时,也可能是地方学区财政压力的结果。然而,这种反向因果关系在文献中尚未得到充分的研究。使用2011年至2019年俄亥俄州当地学区的数据,我采用工具变量方法来调查特许学校入学人数的快速增长可能是由学区的财政压力引起的。研究结果表明,尽管特许学校的需求对公共资金的变化缺乏弹性,但由于来自州和地方的资金不足,导致了市区特许学校入学人数的显著增加。学生们可能没有更好的选择,只能选择特许学校,而不是失败的传统公立学校。
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引用次数: 0
How does industrial agglomeration affect regional innovation? A spatial econometric analysis 产业集聚如何影响区域创新?空间计量经济学分析
IF 3.2 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.1111/grow.12677
Nana Yang, Qiming Liu

This study empirically investigates the direct and indirect (spillover) effects of three types of industrial agglomeration with different cognitive distances, namely, industrial specialization, industrial related variety, and industrial unrelated variety, on regional innovation. Accordingly, we applied the concepts of related and unrelated variety and used spatial econometric analysis. Based on panel data of 283 Chinese cities from 2004 to 2016, the empirical results reveal that both industrial specialization and industrial related variety significantly improve regional innovation and produce positive spatial spillover effects on the surrounding regions. However, industrial unrelated variety has a significant negative impact on regional innovation and produces a negative spatial spillover effect on the surrounding regions. Moreover, the direct and indirect effects of the three types of industrial agglomeration on regional innovation between China's coastal and inland cities. The findings have important theoretical and policy implications.

本文实证考察了三种认知距离不同的产业集聚类型,即产业专业化、产业相关品种和产业不相关品种对区域创新的直接和间接(溢出)效应。因此,我们采用了相关和不相关品种的概念,并使用了空间计量分析。基于2004 - 2016年283个中国城市的面板数据,实证结果表明,产业专业化和产业相关多样性对区域创新均有显著促进作用,并对周边区域产生正向的空间溢出效应。而产业无关多样性对区域创新具有显著的负向影响,并对周边区域产生负向的空间溢出效应。此外,三种类型的产业集聚对中国沿海和内陆城市区域创新的直接和间接影响。这些发现具有重要的理论和政策意义。
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引用次数: 0
Interpersonal trust, invention, and innovation across European regions 欧洲地区的人际信任、发明和创新
IF 3.2 3区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.1111/grow.12674
Burak Dindaroglu

Many studies in economics and regional science claim a positive link between interpersonal trust and innovation by demonstrating a positive effect of trust on patenting. This contrasts many findings from organization level studies on trust and innovation, who report a variety of findings including inverted-U type relations. A possible explanation is that trust exhibits different roles in invention and innovation, as the former relies on knowledge commons while the latter directly embeds commercialization and the market context. This study attempts to reconcile the two set of findings by studying indicators of invention and innovation in relation to trust at the same unit of observation, by using the regional variation in Europe. I study the relationship between interpersonal trust and patent applications (a measure of invention), trademark applications (a composite indicator) and the share of innovative sales in turnover by SMEs (a direct indicator of commercialization), across European regions. I show that trust positively affects trademark applications with an effect that is comparable to that on patent applications. However, trust exhibits an inverted-U type relationship with innovative sales. Results collectively point to a strong role of trust in all three creative activities, including a negative effect at the higher end when the indicator is directly contingent on commercialization and sales. I also estimate the extent of spatial spillovers in the effect of trust on all three creative outcomes.

许多经济学和区域科学研究通过证明信任对专利的积极影响,证明人际信任与创新之间存在正相关关系。这与组织层面对信任和创新的研究结果形成了对比,后者报告了包括倒u型关系在内的各种研究结果。一种可能的解释是,信任在发明和创新中表现出不同的作用,因为前者依赖于知识共享,而后者直接嵌入商业化和市场环境。本研究试图通过使用欧洲的区域差异,在同一观察单位研究与信任相关的发明和创新指标,来调和两组发现。我研究了人际信任与欧洲地区中小企业专利申请(一种衡量发明的指标)、商标申请(一种综合指标)和创新销售在营业额中所占的份额(一种商业化的直接指标)之间的关系。我表明,信任对商标申请的积极影响与对专利申请的影响相当。而信任与创新销售呈倒u型关系。结果表明,信任在所有三种创造性活动中都发挥着强大的作用,包括当该指标直接取决于商业化和销售时,在较高端的负面影响。我还估计了信任对所有三种创造性结果的空间溢出效应的程度。
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引用次数: 0
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Growth and Change
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