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Can Hosts “Catch” the Right Price in Airbnb’s Algorithm with the Help of the European Union Legislation? 在欧盟立法的帮助下,房东能否在Airbnb的算法中“捕捉”到合适的价格?
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/joebm.2023.11.3.744
Vesna Lukovic
—Digital platforms have an increasingly important role in modern economies. Business models based on internet and data-driven software with declining marginal costs and increasing returns have contributed to the success of Airbnb and similar digital platforms. The ranking of properties and their visibility in search results on Airbnb and other platforms have an important impact on small businesses’ revenues. Most studies about Airbnb have not focused on algorithms determining search results and pricing suggestions from the perspective of a host. This research contributes to answers in this respect. The research finds that a host, accommodation provider and business user of Airbnb’s services, despite new European Union legislation regulating digital markets, cannot “catch” price set by the Airbnb in its dynamic pricing algorithm.
——数字平台在现代经济中的作用日益重要。基于互联网和数据驱动软件的商业模式,边际成本不断下降,回报不断增加,为Airbnb和类似数字平台的成功做出了贡献。在Airbnb和其他平台上,酒店的排名及其在搜索结果中的可见度对小企业的收入有重要影响。大多数关于Airbnb的研究都没有关注从房东的角度决定搜索结果和定价建议的算法。这项研究有助于回答这方面的问题。研究发现,尽管欧盟出台了监管数字市场的新法规,但Airbnb服务的房东、住宿提供商和商业用户无法在其动态定价算法中“捕捉”Airbnb设定的价格。
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引用次数: 0
The Application of AI in Case Trials: With Chinese IP Law as an Example 人工智能在案件审判中的应用——以中国知识产权法为例
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/joebm.2023.11.3.749
Junqi Ge
—As technology evolves, artificial intelligence has been applied to various fields and law is no exception. Intellectual property law is a representative realm. As Chinese companies continue to innovate and become more aware of intellectual property protection, the number of intellectual property cases has shown a significant increment in recent years. In order to strengthen the trust of enterprises in the national legal system, China has assigned considerable judicial resources to intellectual property law cases. However, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, the implementation of continual learning combined with the characteristics of intellectual property law cases has made it possible for artificial intelligence to support the trial of intellectual property law disputes. This paper shows the logical and technological basis of the artificial intelligence system in assisting the trial by simulating the procedure of a real-world case trial, which is highly similar to the logic framework of human judges and reasonably processed. And the surge of intellectual property cases in recent years might be able to provide some support for the construction of real and sufficient legal data base. Concerns related to black box, algorithm errors and discrimination are coincidently raised up by many scholars, exposing thorny but possibly solvable challenges of applying artificial intelligence in case trials. Meanwhile, the application of AI in the judicial field is restrained and regulated by the ethical system to ensure the standardized and orderly development of AI in the judicial field.
——随着技术的发展,人工智能已经被应用到各个领域,法律也不例外。知识产权法是一个代表性领域。随着中国企业不断创新和知识产权保护意识的增强,近年来知识产权案件数量大幅增加。为了增强企业对国家法律体系的信任,中国为知识产权法律案件分配了相当多的司法资源。然而,随着人工智能技术的快速发展,结合知识产权法案件的特点实施持续学习,使得人工智能支持知识产权法纠纷的审理成为可能。本文通过模拟现实世界案件审判过程,与人类法官的逻辑框架高度相似,处理合理,展示了人工智能系统辅助审判的逻辑和技术基础。而近年来知识产权案件的激增或许可以为构建真实、充足的法律数据库提供一定的支持。许多学者不约而同地提出了对黑箱、算法错误和歧视的担忧,暴露了在案件审判中应用人工智能的棘手但可能解决的挑战。同时,人工智能在司法领域的应用受到伦理体系的约束和规范,确保人工智能在司法领域的规范有序发展。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of White Space Ratio of Product Packaging on Consumers’ Purchase Intention 产品包装留白比例对消费者购买意愿的影响
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/joebm.2023.11.1.730
S. Wu
—In recent years, minimalism has been pursued in design, and more and more product packaging has used a lot of white space, but there is still no accurate guide for white space in different categories of products. The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of white space ratio in packaging design on consumers’ purchase intention of high-end products and low-end products, and the preferences of different income groups on white space ratio. Respondents are 405 people in China, and the study is quantitative, using independent sample tests and one-way ANOVA tests to answer research questions. This study shows that for low-end products, the lower the white space ratio, the greater the consumer’s willingness to buy, while for high-end products, the higher the white space rate, the lower the consumer’s purchase intention. In addition, for both low-end and high-end products, high-income groups prefer packaging designs with higher white space ratio.
——近年来,在设计上追求极简主义,越来越多的产品包装使用了大量的留白,但是对于不同品类的产品,留白仍然没有一个准确的指导。本研究的目的是探讨包装设计中留白比例对消费者对高端产品和低端产品购买意愿的影响,以及不同收入群体对留白比例的偏好。调查对象为中国405人,研究是定量的,采用独立样本检验和单因素方差分析来回答研究问题。本研究表明,对于低端产品,留白率越低,消费者的购买意愿越大,而对于高端产品,留白率越高,消费者的购买意愿越低。此外,无论是低端还是高端产品,高收入人群都更喜欢留白比例较高的包装设计。
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引用次数: 0
Relationship of Foreign Direct Investment and Economics Growth on Rwandan Economic 外国直接投资与卢旺达经济增长的关系
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/joebm.2023.11.3.750
Jeanne baptiste Niyigena, Yongli Wang
—The Rwandan economy has made a revolution compare to the past years and has attracted international investors through foreign direct investment and its economic policies. However, it is not clear whether these investment inflows have made a significant impact on economic growth. Many empirical studies have researched the impact or effect of foreign direct investment on economic growth in the host country; some researchers found a positive impact while others found a negative impact especially in a developing country as their said home country gains more benefit than host country depends in same domains. The objective of this paper is to analyze the relationship between Foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth by presenting the impact FDI has on Rwandan economic growth by employing the data from 1998 to 2018 a period of 20 years using World Bank data. This study presents two hypotheses related to GDP growth per capita and FDI. Multiple regression techniques and Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test were used to measure the relationships between independent (FDI) and dependent variables (real GDP). In addition, stationarity test was used and economic software Eviews 10 to present the result. The result showed that foreign direct investment has a positive but not statistically significant impact on Rwandan economic growth.
-与过去几年相比,卢旺达经济发生了革命,并通过外国直接投资及其经济政策吸引了国际投资者。然而,目前尚不清楚这些投资流入是否对经济增长产生了重大影响。许多实证研究研究了外国直接投资对东道国经济增长的影响或作用;一些研究人员发现了积极的影响,而另一些研究人员发现了消极的影响,特别是在发展中国家,因为他们所说的母国在同一领域比东道国获得更多的利益。本文的目的是分析外国直接投资(FDI)与经济增长之间的关系,通过使用世界银行数据从1998年到2018年的20年的数据来展示FDI对卢旺达经济增长的影响。本研究提出了两个与人均GDP增长和FDI相关的假设。采用多元回归技术和增强Dickey-Fuller检验来衡量自变量(FDI)和因变量(实际GDP)之间的关系。此外,采用平稳性检验和经济学软件Eviews 10给出结果。结果表明,外国直接投资对卢旺达的经济增长有积极的影响,但在统计上并不显著。
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引用次数: 0
Production Model Implementing Lean Manufacturing Tools to Increase Order Fulfillment in SMEs of the Textile Manufacturing Sector 实施精益生产工具提高纺织制造业中小企业订单履行的生产模式
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/joebm.2023.11.3.751
Beatriz Martel, Patricia I. Kehuarucho, Martín Collao, Juan Quiroz, Alberto Flores
— Due to the context of the economic recession that the country is going through triggered by the covid-19 pandemic and considering the importance of the textile and clothing sector in Peru, order fulfillment is a requirement in the business world; when there is no control over it, it turns into an indicator of recurring issues for Small and Midsize Enterprises (SMEs) and Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) of the textile manufacturing sector. This study proposes a production model focused on the mentioned indicator to improve efficiency in the coating process through a management model based on 5S, Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) (autonomous maintenance), and ergonomics with help of simulation software, such as Arena Simulator, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and Delmia V5. After the implementation of this model, positive results were obtained, which showed an increase in overall global efficiency of the machinery by 24.23%, a reduction of supplies search time by 10.63%, and improvements in the risk level due to bad posture to finally get an increase of 45.50% in order fulfillment, on time, in full.
-由于2019冠状病毒病(covid-19)大流行引发的经济衰退,并考虑到纺织和服装行业在秘鲁的重要性,订单履行是商业世界的一项要求;在没有控制的情况下,它成为纺织制造业中小企业和微型中小企业(MSMEs)反复出现的问题指标。本研究提出了一种围绕上述指标的生产模型,通过基于5S、Total Productive Maintenance (TPM)(自主维护)和人机工程学的管理模型,借助Arena Simulator、Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA)和Delmia V5等仿真软件,提高涂装过程的效率。该模型实施后,取得了积极的结果,机械整体效率提高了24.23%,货源搜索时间减少了10.63%,由于不良姿态导致的风险水平得到改善,最终使订单的按时、满额完成率提高了45.50%。
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引用次数: 0
Performance Management in E-commerce Companies: A Case Study of JC E-commerce Retail Company 电子商务企业绩效管理:以JC电子商务零售公司为例
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/joebm.2023.11.1.733
Xianping Ye, L. Luo, Grace R. Tobias
—Performance management is the core of business management, and all the work of business management is based on performance management. The purpose of enterprise management is to improve performance better and faster, optimize the various problems that exist in the process of enterprise survival, and achieve enterprise goals. Since its establishment in 2013, JC has also experienced a rapid growth phase, but the early growth of corporate performance was slow and the company entered a bottleneck in its development. This study investigates JC E-commerce Company as a case study to examine the reasons, process and results of using KPI performance management methods. JC is a private e-commerce company in China. In the early days of its establishment, JC underwent several changes, including corporate mergers and acquisitions, the introduction of advanced production technologies, and a focus on internal innovation, but corporate development was still unsatisfactory and the return on investment remained low. After changing the way of performance management, JC’s performance reached higher than before. At present, there are two main performance management tools widely used by well-known group companies worldwide, one is the Key Performance Indicator (KPI), which was developed earlier, and the Balance Scorecard (BSC), which was created in the early 1990s and is widely used. KPI is JC’s main way of performance management. In a highly competitive business and rapidly changing market environment, the success of business operations depends on achieving higher levels of product quality, cost, innovation, and speed in delivering new products. Therefore, performance management activities aimed at improving the overall performance of the company by promoting the performance of the company and its employees in these areas are receiving increasing attention from companies. This paper will investigate the process JC’s performance management, and then explain the strength and weakness of KPI.
-绩效管理是企业管理的核心,企业管理的一切工作都是以绩效管理为基础的。企业管理的目的是为了更好更快地提高绩效,优化企业生存过程中存在的各种问题,实现企业目标。自2013年成立以来,JC也经历了一个快速成长期,但前期公司业绩增长缓慢,公司发展进入瓶颈期。本研究以JC电子商务公司为个案,探讨运用KPI绩效管理方法的原因、过程与结果。JC是中国的一家私营电子商务公司。JC在成立初期经历了企业并购、引进先进生产技术、注重内部创新等几次变革,但企业发展仍然不尽人意,投资回报率也很低。改变绩效管理方式后,JC的绩效比以前有所提高。目前,全球知名集团公司广泛使用的绩效管理工具主要有两种,一种是发展较早的关键绩效指标(KPI),另一种是平衡计分卡(BSC),它创建于20世纪90年代初,被广泛使用。KPI是JC公司绩效管理的主要方式。在竞争激烈的商业和瞬息万变的市场环境中,商业运作的成功取决于实现更高水平的产品质量、成本、创新和交付新产品的速度。因此,通过促进公司和员工在这些方面的绩效来提高公司整体绩效的绩效管理活动越来越受到公司的重视。本文将对流程JC的绩效管理进行研究,然后解释KPI的优缺点。
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引用次数: 0
Does Board Gender Diversity Matter for Sustainable Growth Rate? Evidence from Banking Industry in Vietnam 董事会性别多样性对可持续增长率有影响吗?来自越南银行业的证据
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/joebm.2023.11.2.742
P. Minh, Bui Huy Hai Bich
—This paper examines the impact of board gender diversity on the sustainable growth rate in the banking industry. Since there is not much empirical research on the link between gender diversity and sustainable growth of banks, this is a very important step toward further understanding the impact of female directors on boards in the long run in the financial sector. Using the data of 318 bank-year observations from 30 commercial banks in Vietnam for the 2010 – 2020 period, we find that gender diversity on boards significantly contributes to banks’ sustainable growth rate. Our findings remain unchanged after taking endogeneity issues into consideration and using different measures of board gender diversity. This study adds to the existing literature regarding the banking sector and suggests that banks should concentrate their efforts on hiring more female directors.
-本文考察了董事会性别多样性对银行业可持续增长率的影响。由于性别多样性与银行可持续增长之间的联系的实证研究并不多,这是进一步理解女性董事对金融部门长期影响的非常重要的一步。利用越南30家商业银行2010 - 2020年318个银行年度观察数据,我们发现董事会性别多样性对银行的可持续增长率有显著贡献。在考虑了内生性问题和使用不同的董事会性别多样性衡量标准后,我们的研究结果保持不变。这项研究补充了现有的关于银行业的文献,并建议银行应该集中精力雇佣更多的女性董事。
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引用次数: 0
Decision Support Applications by Coordinate Purchase Association Graph in Retailing 坐标采购关联图在零售业决策支持中的应用
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/joebm.2023.11.3.747
Y. J. Lin, Chuan-Yi Chang, Shein-Yung Cheng, Meng-Yen Tom Lin
,
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引用次数: 0
Based on Multiple Linear Regression Model, Analyze the Influencing Factors of New Energy Vehicle Stock 基于多元线性回归模型,分析新能源汽车股票的影响因素
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/joebm.2023.11.2.740
Jinyi Zha
—With the public’s awareness of environmental protection, new energy vehicles have been favored by more and more consumers. However, in the development process of new energy, in fact, there are risks caused by the fluctuation of many influencing factors. Therefore, how to formulate reasonable technological development routes and market strategies according to China’s actual situation and combined with the characteristics of new energy vehicle technology, so increase international competitiveness and increase stock market value has become an important topic for the development of China’s new energy vehicle industry. First, this paper combines domestic and foreign representative companies of the new energy vehicle industry to analyze the industry status quo. Secondly, it analyzes the strategic environment for the development of new energy automobile industry. In the process of research, the influence hypothesis of China Consumer Price Index (CPI), Exchange rate (USD-CNY) and the company’s net profit on the company’s stock price was put forward. Taking Tesla, BYD and NIO as examples, SPSS software was used to analyze the data from January 2021 to October 2022. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted by using China CPI, Exchange rate (USD-CNY) and the company’s net profit as independent variables. The hypothesis is proved and disproved by BETA coefficient, and the influence of three variables on the company’s stock price and its reasons are analyzed. Finally, it puts forward some policy suggestions to enhance the international competitiveness of the new-energy automobile industry.
随着公众环保意识的增强,新能源汽车受到越来越多消费者的青睐。然而,在新能源的发展过程中,实际上存在着许多影响因素波动带来的风险。因此,如何根据中国的实际情况,结合新能源汽车技术的特点,制定合理的技术发展路线和市场策略,从而提高国际竞争力,增加存量市场价值,已成为中国新能源汽车产业发展的重要课题。首先,本文结合国内外新能源汽车行业的代表企业,对行业现状进行分析。其次,分析了新能源汽车产业发展的战略环境。在研究过程中,提出了中国消费者价格指数(CPI)、汇率(USD-CNY)和公司净利润对公司股价的影响假设。以特斯拉、比亚迪和蔚来汽车为例,运用SPSS软件对2021年1月至2022年10月的数据进行分析。以中国CPI、汇率(美元兑人民币)、公司净利润为自变量,进行多元线性回归分析。用BETA系数对假设进行了证明和证伪,并分析了三个变量对公司股价的影响及其原因。最后,提出了提高新能源汽车产业国际竞争力的政策建议。
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引用次数: 1
Service Management Model Based on BPM and MRP to Increase Customer Satisfaction in SME in the Fast Food Sector 基于BPM和MRP的服务管理模型:提高快餐业中小企业客户满意度
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/joebm.2023.11.2.743
Ricardo Fernandez-Rios, Sebastian Salas-Guillen, Martin Collao-Diaz, J. Quiroz-Flores, A. Flores-Perez
—The foodservice industry has grown rapidly in recent years. It has been one of the most affected ones in the current situation. This sector faces various problems and/or challenges related to cost, waiting time, quality of products, and recurring charges in the purchase decision by customers, who are more demanding and expect not only a good product but a good service. The objective of this work is to improve customer satisfaction. The proposed model, based on the tool Business Process Management (BPM) and Material Requirement Planning (MRP), is to achieve an improvement in the Net Promoter Score (NPS) indicator. The company under evaluation has a score of −2 in that indicator due to a poor service provided to a significant group of customers. After the implementation of both tools, the indicator improved, and the new value was 6, approaching the average NPS metric for restaurants, which is 37.
近年来,餐饮服务业发展迅速。它是当前形势下受影响最大的国家之一。这个行业面临着各种各样的问题和/或挑战,涉及到成本、等待时间、产品质量,以及客户在购买决策中的反复收费,他们的要求更高,不仅希望得到好的产品,还希望得到好的服务。这项工作的目标是提高客户满意度。提出的模型基于业务流程管理(BPM)和物料需求计划(MRP)工具,旨在实现净推荐值(NPS)指标的改进。被评估的公司在该指标中得分为- 2,因为向大量客户提供了较差的服务。在这两个工具实施后,该指标有所改善,新值为6,接近餐馆NPS的平均指标37。
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引用次数: 1
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Journal of Business Economics and Management
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