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INVESTIGATION OF GENDER DIFFERENCES IN FAMILIAR PORTFOLIO CHOICE 熟悉投资组合选择的性别差异研究
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-06-08 DOI: 10.3846/jbem.2022.17032
Nijolė Maknickienė, Lina Rapkevičiūtė
The prevailing assumption holds that investors include in their portfolios securities that they know well, are located near their place of residence, or align with their fields of interest. This article analyse familiarity in investment through gender perspective and their fields of interest. Women and men field of interest is defined by enabling online magazines’ article’s themes. The aim of this paper is to investigate gender-based behavioural differences in investment decisions – i.e. to define women’s and men’s fields of interests and value investment portfolios. Portfolios differ according to whether they are formed from securities that are consistent with women’s fields of interest, men’s fields of interest or both women’s and men’s fields of interest. Textual analysis was employed to identify men’s and women’s fields of interest. Investment portfolios were built using mean variance (MV) and Black–Litterman (BL) models. The analysis revealed that portfolios built from men’s fields of interests are more diversified than are portfolios built either from women’s fields of interests or from both men’s and women’s fields of interest. Analysing 12 portfolios’ efficiency revealed that women’s portfolio returns are more stable than are men’s. Moreover, the study demonstrated that time impacts investment portfolio returns to a greater extent than do gendered fields of interest. The article complements the existing knowledge about bias in investor familiarity, which results from differences in men’s and women’s fields of interest.
普遍的假设认为,投资者在他们的投资组合中包括他们熟悉的证券,位于他们居住地附近的证券,或与他们的兴趣领域一致的证券。本文从性别角度分析投资中的熟悉度及其感兴趣的领域。女性和男性的兴趣领域是通过在线杂志文章的主题来定义的。本文的目的是调查投资决策中基于性别的行为差异-即定义女性和男性的兴趣领域和价值投资组合。投资组合的不同之处在于,它们是由符合女性兴趣领域的证券组成的,还是符合男性兴趣领域的证券,或者男女都有兴趣领域的证券。本文采用文本分析来确定男性和女性的兴趣领域。采用均值方差(MV)和Black-Litterman (BL)模型构建投资组合。分析显示,从男性的兴趣领域建立的投资组合比从女性的兴趣领域或从男性和女性的兴趣领域建立的投资组合更加多样化。对12个投资组合的效率分析显示,女性投资组合的回报比男性更稳定。此外,研究表明,时间对投资组合回报的影响程度大于性别感兴趣的领域。这篇文章补充了关于投资者熟悉度偏差的现有知识,这是由于男性和女性感兴趣领域的差异造成的。
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引用次数: 0
SWOT-AHP HYBRID METHOD FOR RANKING THE STRATEGIES IN THE SHIPBUILDING SECTOR 船舶行业战略排序的Swot-ahp混合方法
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-06-08 DOI: 10.3846/jbem.2022.17029
G. Popescu, C. Gasparotti
The paper outlines the most important shipbuilding strategies in Romania that would allow this industry to increase its performance to be competitive. The research is mainly based on the collection of information from experts in the field from ANCONAV (Romanian Shipbuilders Association), specialists in design and production, and shipyard managers in Romania. The SWOT analysis was based on this information and was the starting point in formulating the strategies. The quantitative determination of the importance of each factor and sub-factor from the SWOT matrix in view of ranking the strategies, but also the verification of the points of view of the experts in the field were performed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process Method (AHP), using Excel applications. The obtained results consisted in identifying the internal and external environmental factors and formulating the main strategies with positive effects on the Romanian naval sector (the development of a Romanian cluster, the consolidation of the position on the global ship market through aggressive marketing, investments regarding the construction of ecological ships, the development of centers of excellence for exploiting the research-development-innovation capacity, the limitation of highly-skilled labor migration, expanding the digitalization, and developing a marketing policy to promote the national shipbuilding companies globally).
本文概述了罗马尼亚最重要的造船战略,这将使该行业提高其竞争力。该研究主要基于从ANCONAV(罗马尼亚造船协会)领域专家、设计和生产专家以及罗马尼亚造船厂管理人员收集的信息。SWOT分析是基于这些信息,是制定战略的起点。从SWOT矩阵中定量确定每个因素和子因素的重要性,考虑到对策略的排名,并使用Excel应用程序使用层次分析法(AHP)对该领域专家的观点进行验证。所取得的成果包括确定内部和外部环境因素,并制定对罗马尼亚海军部门产生积极影响的主要战略(发展罗马尼亚集群,通过积极的营销巩固在全球船舶市场上的地位,投资建造生态船舶,发展卓越中心以利用研究-开发-创新能力,高技能劳动力迁移的限制,扩大数字化,制定营销政策以促进国家造船公司的全球发展)。
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引用次数: 1
THE INFLUENCE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL OWNERSHIP AND SOCIAL SUPPORT ON ORGANIZATIONAL RESILIENCE: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTITY 心理拥有权和社会支持对组织弹性的影响:组织认同的中介作用
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-05-23 DOI: 10.3846/jbem.2022.16571
Kui He, J. Oláh, M. Hasan
Faced with a complex and volatile environment, improving the resilience of organizations to resist various risks, enhancing the viability of enterprises, and ultimately achieving sustainable development capabilities has become a top priority for business managers. This study first explores the relationship between employee psychological ownership, organizational resilience, and social support by combining the relevant literature, constructing a theoretical research model, and proposing hypotheses. Through statistical analysis of 332 valid questionnaires, the results show that employee psychological ownership positively impacts organizational resilience. Also, social supports positively affect organizational resilience and organizational identity in employee psychological ownership, and social supports and organizational resilience both play an intermediary role.
面对复杂多变的环境,提高组织抵御各种风险的弹性,增强企业的生存能力,最终实现可持续发展能力,已成为企业管理者的重中之重。本研究首先结合相关文献,构建理论研究模型,提出假设,探讨员工心理所有权、组织弹性和社会支持之间的关系。通过对332份有效问卷的统计分析,结果表明员工心理所有权对组织弹性有正向影响。社会支持正向影响员工心理所有权中的组织弹性和组织认同,社会支持和组织弹性均起中介作用。
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引用次数: 3
GENERATION Z AND ETHICALITY OF ADVANCEMENT IN THE WORKPLACE: A STUDY OF SLOVENIA AND LITHUANIA z世代与职场进步的伦理:对斯洛文尼亚和立陶宛的研究
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.3846/jbem.2022.16824
Z. Nedelko, Valentina Peleckienė, Kestutis K. Peleckis, Kestutis K. Peleckis, Giedrė Lapinskienė, V. Potočan
The main purpose of this study was to examine the ethicality of future employees’ attitudes toward advancement in the workplace in Slovenia and Lithuania. This study focuses on students representing young adults from Generation Z as future employees in organizations. Using a survey of work-related issues, we collected 212 answers from Slovenian and 159 from Lithuanian' students from business faculties. We used t-tests and regression analyses to obtain results. We found that the future employees in Slovenia see organizationally beneficial behavior and self-indulgent behavior significantly more acceptable for their advancement, than their Lithuanian peers. No differences exist in the perception of destructive behavior among participants from both countries. Substantial differences in the importance of personal values ​​among Generation Z members in both societies, provide a strong support for the divergence nature of Generation Z across cultures. The impact of personal values on the ethicality of different behavior for advancement in the workplace among future employees in both societies is substantial, but biased and follows different patterns. In Slovenia, the dominant role has power, followed by hedonism, benevolence, security, conformity, tradition, and universalism, while in Lithuania, the dominant role belongs to self-direction, followed by tradition, universalism, security, achievement, and power. This study will help us to understand Generation Z values and their perceptions regarding ethicality of advancement in the workplace and enable organizations to manage the behavior of future employees.
本研究的主要目的是考察斯洛文尼亚和立陶宛未来员工对工作场所进步的态度的伦理性。这项研究的重点是代表Z世代年轻人的学生,他们是组织中未来的员工。通过对工作相关问题的调查,我们从斯洛文尼亚商学院的学生中收集了212个答案,从立陶宛商学院的学生中收集了159个答案。我们使用t检验和回归分析来获得结果。我们发现,斯洛文尼亚的未来员工比立陶宛的同行更能接受对组织有益的行为和自我放纵的行为。两国参与者对破坏性行为的认知没有差异。在两个社会中,Z世代成员在个人价值观的重要性上存在巨大差异,这为Z世代跨文化的差异本质提供了强有力的支持。在这两个社会中,个人价值观对未来员工在工作场所中不同行为的道德影响是实质性的,但有偏见,并遵循不同的模式。在斯洛文尼亚,主导角色是权力,其次是享乐主义、仁慈主义、安全主义、顺从主义、传统主义和普遍主义;在立陶宛,主导角色是自我导向,其次是传统、普遍主义、安全、成就主义和权力。这项研究将帮助我们了解Z世代的价值观和他们对工作场所发展道德的看法,并使组织能够管理未来员工的行为。
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引用次数: 3
VOLATILITY REGIMES OF SELECTED CENTRAL EUROPEAN STOCK RETURNS: A MARKOV SWITCHING GARCH APPROACH 中欧股票收益的波动机制:马尔科夫转换算法
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-04-04 DOI: 10.3846/jbem.2022.16648
Michaela Chocholatá
This paper investigates the weekly stock market data of the Hungarian stock index BUX, the Czech stock index PX and the Polish stock index WIG20 spanning from January 7, 2001 to April 18, 2021. The period of more than 20 years enabled to analyse the behaviour of returns and their volatility during both the calm as well as various crises/turmoil periods. Besides the traditional GARCH-type models (GARCH and GJR-GARCH) the two-regime Markov Switching GARCHtype models (MS-GARCH and MS-GJR-GARCH) were estimated in order to examine the volatility switches of the Central European transition stock markets. The t-distribution of error terms was used to capture the dynamics of analysed returns more precisely. The results proved high volatility persistence of individual markets which substantially differed across the both regimes. Furthermore, the GJR-GARCH and MS-GJR-GARCH models clearly confirmed the presence of the leverage effect. Consideration of the MS-GARCH-type models enabled to capture various volatility switches during the analysed period attributable mainly to the global financial crisis 2008–2009, to European debt crisis in 2011 and to the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020. Interesting results were received for the Czech market with the strong leverage effect indicating completely different specification of volatility regimes by the MS-GJR-GARCH model.
本文研究了2001年1月7日至2021年4月18日期间匈牙利股指BUX、捷克股指PX和波兰股指WIG20的每周股市数据。在20多年的时间里,我们可以分析平静时期和各种危机/动荡时期的回报行为及其波动性。除了传统的GARCH型模型(GARCH和GJR-GARCH)外,本文还估计了两种马尔可夫切换GARCH型模型(MS-GARCH和MS-GJR-GARCH),以检验中欧转型股票市场的波动性转换。误差项的t分布用于更精确地捕捉分析回报的动态。结果证明,在两种制度下,个别市场的高波动性持久性存在显著差异。此外,GJR-GARCH和MS-GJR-GARCH模型清楚地证实了杠杆效应的存在。考虑到ms - garch型模型能够捕捉分析期间的各种波动变化,这些波动变化主要归因于2008-2009年全球金融危机、2011年欧洲债务危机和2020年Covid-19大流行。捷克市场收到了有趣的结果,其强大的杠杆效应表明MS-GJR-GARCH模型对波动率制度的完全不同规范。
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引用次数: 0
THE BEI INDEX: AN APPROACH FOR MEASURING THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT IN AFRICA 贝指数:一种衡量非洲商业环境的方法
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-04-04 DOI: 10.3846/jbem.2022.16644
Ș. Topliceanu, Sergiu-Lucian Sorcaru
Africa is becoming more and more attractive for trade and investment, while entrepreneurs are concerned about the quality of the business environment. This paper aims to analyze the Africa’s business environment and its dimensions in order to identify the most favorable destinations for starting a business. The methodology for this study includes research reviewing the existing literature and a quantitative approach based on a composite instrument. The results of the empirical study show that three regions have a favorable business environment for starting a business, while the most important dimensions of business are related to costs incurred, time and procedures required and trade aspects.
非洲对贸易和投资的吸引力越来越大,而企业家们则关注商业环境的质量。本文旨在分析非洲的商业环境及其维度,以确定最有利的创业目的地。本研究的方法包括研究回顾现有文献和基于复合工具的定量方法。实证研究结果表明,三个地区都具有良好的创业环境,而创业最重要的维度是成本、所需时间和程序以及贸易方面。
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引用次数: 1
THE APPLICATION OF THE CUSTOMIZED SERVQUAL MODEL FOR CAREER GUIDANCE TRAINING: INDUSTRY 4.0 CHALLENGES 定制式服务模式在职业指导培训中的应用:工业4.0的挑战
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.3846/jbem.2022.16643
A. Kononiuk, Alicja E. Gudanowska
The importance of vocational guidance is growing, and the focus on modern tools enabling the development of competences such as flexibility, the ability to identify trends shaping the labour market and considering different scenarios of its development seem to be indispensable to survive in the world of work. The goal of the paper is to demonstrate a methodology and the outcomes of a research focused on the difference between the ideal characteristics and impressions of completed education by career counsellors in Poland. The research methods used are: the literature review, bibliometric analysis and the analysis and logical construction method. To diagnose the educational offerings the authors applied a modified SERVQUAL model. The observed gaps demonstrate the presence of significant discrepancies between the evaluation of the completed courses and the expectations of the respondents. Therefore, the expectations of those who took part in the survey about the quality of education in the field of vocational guidance are not fulfilled. The results of the analysis allow also to conclude that curricula only take little account of trend and scenario analysis tools specific to Industry 4.0; and this demonstrates a major challenge for including this curriculum content in the area of vocational guidance.
职业指导的重要性日益增加,对现代工具的关注使能力得以发展,如灵活性、识别塑造劳动力市场的趋势的能力和考虑其发展的不同情景的能力,似乎是在工作世界中生存所不可或缺的。本文的目标是展示一种方法和一项研究的结果,该研究的重点是波兰职业顾问完成教育的理想特征和印象之间的差异。本文采用的研究方法有:文献综述法、文献计量分析法、分析与逻辑建构法。为了对教育产品进行诊断,作者采用了一个改进的SERVQUAL模型。观察到的差距表明,对完成课程的评价与受访者的期望之间存在显著差异。因此,参与调查者对职业指导领域教育质量的期望并没有得到满足。分析的结果还可以得出这样的结论:课程很少考虑工业4.0的趋势和情景分析工具;这表明将课程内容纳入职业指导领域是一个重大挑战。
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引用次数: 2
DETERMINANTS OF THE NORDIC HEDGE FUND PERFORMANCE 北欧对冲基金业绩的决定因素
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-03-29 DOI: 10.3846/jbem.2022.16170
Danielius Kolisovas, Gintarė Giriūnienė, T. Baležentis, D. Štreimikienė, M. Mork̄unas
Hedge funds have become an important part of the financial sector. The development of the hedge funds in the Nordic countries has been rather robust. Therefore, it is important to identify the determinants of the hedge fund performance and isolate the managerial performance, i.e., the Jensen’s alpha. To this end, this paper construct cross sectional and panel model for the Nordic hedge funds over 2005–2018. The Fung-Hsieh 8-factor model and other models are developed to identify the determinants of the Nordic hedge fund performance. The effects of crises of different nature (local to global, hedge funds to banking sector) are also tested. The results indicate that Nordic hedge funds are capable to generate positive alpha during the crisis even exceeding the alpha of the economically stable time periods.
对冲基金已成为金融领域的重要组成部分。对冲基金在北欧国家的发展相当迅猛。因此,重要的是要确定对冲基金业绩的决定因素,并隔离管理业绩,即詹森的alpha。为此,本文构建了2005-2018年北欧对冲基金的横截面和面板模型。本文建立了Fung-Hsieh八因素模型和其他模型来确定北欧对冲基金业绩的决定因素。不同性质的危机(地方性危机到全球性危机,对冲基金危机到银行业危机)的影响也将得到检验。结果表明,北欧对冲基金能够在危机期间产生正alpha,甚至超过经济稳定时期的alpha。
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引用次数: 0
APPRAISAL OF EARNINGS MANAGEMENT ACROSS THE SECTORS 各行业盈余管理评估
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-03-18 DOI: 10.3846/jbem.2022.16563
P. Durana, K. Valaskova, Anna Siekelova, Lucia Michalkova
Financial managers intentionally use the legal manipulation of earnings to the business development. Earnings management is a widespread business finance phenomenon. The approaches and the ways of this practice are marked by many parallels. The main target of the article is to show the clusters with the close approach of the enterprises to the earnings manipulation and demonstrate hidden relations of the earnings management between sectors in the Visegrad Group. The study estimates the earnings management by the Modified Jones model. 52,545 discretionary accruals are computed for Slovak, Czech, Hungarian, and Polish enterprises for 5-year horizon in 19 sectors classified by the NACE. The clusters of close practices of the earnings management are identified based on principal component analysis and cluster analysis in every country of Visegrad Four. Moreover, the results detect the dependences between sectors in the region and the specificity of the sectors.
财务经理故意利用合法操纵收益来促进业务发展。盈余管理是一种普遍存在的企业财务现象。这种实践的方法和方式有许多相似之处。本文的主要目的是揭示企业与盈余操纵密切相关的集群,揭示维谢格拉德集团各部门之间盈余管理的隐性关系。本研究采用修正的Jones模型对盈余管理进行估计。对斯洛伐克、捷克、匈牙利和波兰企业按NACE分类的19个部门的5年期限计算52,545项可自由支配应计项目。基于主成分分析和聚类分析,在维谢格拉德四国的每个国家确定了盈余管理密切实践的集群。此外,结果还检测了该地区部门之间的依赖关系和部门的特异性。
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引用次数: 15
THE CHALLENGE OF BANKING SERVICES DEVELOPMENT – GIVING ITS RIGHTFUL PLACE TO CUSTOMER SATISFACTION 银行服务发展的挑战——让客户满意占据应有的位置
IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.3846/jbem.2022.16442
Andreea-Daniela Moraru, Cristina Duhnea, M. Mieilă, Silvia Ghiță-Mitrescu, M. Ilie, Anda-Ileana Necula
Lately, the global banking services industry has faced numerous challenges: the digitalization, increased competition, the instability of monetary and foreign exchange markets, and the volatility of exchange rates. However, at present, banks are facing the greatest challenge of all that is, placing the customers at the centre of business and the systematic follow-up of customer satisfaction. The present paper aims at assessing the influence of a series of determinants and socio-demographic factors on customer satisfaction with banking services in Romania, using the probit and logit models. The research focused on the Romanian banking market due to its distinctiveness within the European context – performance indicators above the European average during the past five years and a concentration level that discloses a significant growth potential. The results of the two models employed revealed similar results, with the most influential variables on customer satisfaction being convenience, e-banking, quality, and revenues.
最近,全球银行服务业面临着许多挑战:数字化、竞争加剧、货币和外汇市场的不稳定以及汇率的波动。然而,目前银行面临的最大挑战是如何把客户放在业务的中心,如何系统地跟踪客户满意度。本文旨在利用probit和logit模型,评估一系列决定因素和社会人口因素对罗马尼亚银行服务客户满意度的影响。研究集中在罗马尼亚银行市场,因为其在欧洲范围内的独特性-过去五年的业绩指标高于欧洲平均水平,集中度显示出显着的增长潜力。所采用的两种模型的结果显示出相似的结果,对客户满意度影响最大的变量是便利性、电子银行、质量和收入。
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引用次数: 2
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Journal of Business Economics and Management
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