J. Radun, Mikko Lindberg, A. Lahti, M. Veermans, Reijo Alakoivu, V. Hongisto
Purpose This study aims to examine activity-related sound levels and pupils’ perceptions of the acoustic environment in two classrooms, one of which was a traditional classroom (Reference classroom, reverberation time (RT) 0.54 s) and the other a refurbished classroom (Demo classroom, RT 0.32 s). Design/methodology/approach Three types of data were gathered: room acoustic measurements, activity sound levels during different activities and pupils’ subjective experience concerning factors related to acoustics. Pupils, 10–11 years old (N = 34), estimated their subjective experience in general and after four test lessons. Teachers planned the test lessons to have four different lesson types: quiet work, one-person speaking, group work and activity-based work. The sound levels of activities were measured during the test lessons. Findings The activity sound levels were 2–13 dB LAeq lower in the Demo classroom than in the Reference classroom, depending on lesson type. Pupils were less annoyed by noise in the Demo than in the Reference classroom. Pupils’ speech was the most annoying sound source. More pupils were annoyed by it in the Reference classroom (65%) than in the Demo classroom (15%). Hearing the teacher while not seeing her face, concentrating on teaching and sitting in one’s place were estimated easier in the Demo classroom than in the Reference classroom. Originality/value This study offers a new approach using test lessons for studying activity sounds in schools. Activity sounds and their annoyance can be significantly diminished by classroom refurbishments.
本研究旨在研究两个教室中与活动相关的声级和学生对声环境的感知，其中一个教室是传统教室(参考教室，混响时间(RT) 0.54 s)，另一个教室是翻新教室(演示教室，RT 0.32 s)。设计/方法/方法收集了三种类型的数据:室内声学测量，不同活动期间的活动声级和学生对声学相关因素的主观体验。10-11岁的学生(N = 34)在四个测试课程后对他们的主观体验进行了总体评估。老师们计划的测试课程有四种不同的课程类型:安静作业、一人发言、小组作业和活动作业。在测试课程中测量活动的声音水平。结果:根据课程类型的不同，示范教室的活动声级比参考教室低2-13 dB LAeq。与参考教室相比，示范教室的学生对噪音不那么反感。学生的说话声是最烦人的声源。在参考教室(65%)比在演示教室(15%)更多的学生对此感到厌烦。与参考课堂相比，在演示课堂中更容易听到老师的声音而不看她的脸，集中精力教学和坐在自己的位置上。原创性/价值本研究提供了一种使用测试课程来研究学校活动声音的新方法。教室装修可以大大减少活动的声音和它们的烦恼。
{"title":"Pupils’ experience of noise in two acoustically different classrooms","authors":"J. Radun, Mikko Lindberg, A. Lahti, M. Veermans, Reijo Alakoivu, V. Hongisto","doi":"10.1108/f-03-2022-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/f-03-2022-0036","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to examine activity-related sound levels and pupils’ perceptions of the acoustic environment in two classrooms, one of which was a traditional classroom (Reference classroom, reverberation time (RT) 0.54 s) and the other a refurbished classroom (Demo classroom, RT 0.32 s).\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Three types of data were gathered: room acoustic measurements, activity sound levels during different activities and pupils’ subjective experience concerning factors related to acoustics. Pupils, 10–11 years old (N = 34), estimated their subjective experience in general and after four test lessons. Teachers planned the test lessons to have four different lesson types: quiet work, one-person speaking, group work and activity-based work. The sound levels of activities were measured during the test lessons.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The activity sound levels were 2–13 dB LAeq lower in the Demo classroom than in the Reference classroom, depending on lesson type. Pupils were less annoyed by noise in the Demo than in the Reference classroom. Pupils’ speech was the most annoying sound source. More pupils were annoyed by it in the Reference classroom (65%) than in the Demo classroom (15%). Hearing the teacher while not seeing her face, concentrating on teaching and sitting in one’s place were estimated easier in the Demo classroom than in the Reference classroom.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study offers a new approach using test lessons for studying activity sounds in schools. Activity sounds and their annoyance can be significantly diminished by classroom refurbishments.\u0000","PeriodicalId":47595,"journal":{"name":"Facilities","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62421732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Lok, Ian van der Pool, A. Smith, A. Opoku, Ka Lam Cheung
Purpose This viewpoint paper aims to discuss sustainable digitalisation of facilities management (FM) through the implementation of the newly recognised International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards within the ISO 41000 series. Design/methodology/approach This viewpoint paper provides a review of the literature of the recent ISO documents and academic study. The content is also dependent on the authors’ opinions and interpretation. Findings FM is currently shifting emphasis towards a strategic focus through the adoption of the new recognised international ISO standards that consider sustainable digitalisation in business decisions. However, the FM sector is encountering potential risks to the implementation of the new recognised international ISO standards. Digitalisation is one kind of force that has shaped the management of the built environment and FM recently and rapidly, especially in the Covid-19 period. This is impacting the FM industry. As standardisation aims at establishing a constantly evolving baseline of proven practices, standardisation can be considered a part of sustainable FM. It is believed that standardised and strategic level support is crucial for the smooth adoption of sustainable FM practices and processes. Standards such as the ISO standards, applied to the global FM industry, help in objectively quantifying the added value of FM to the core business. Advanced technology and digitalisation can contribute to the sustainability of any profession and industry, but it also requires a community to tackle the problems. Originality/value This paper contributes to the FM industry by making recommendations for improvement in the use of digitalisation. In summary, the significant finding of this viewpoint paper is that digitalisation offers both possibilities and problems in the application of the new recognised international ISO standards within the FM industry.
{"title":"Sustainable digitalisation and implementation of ISO standards for facilities management","authors":"K. Lok, Ian van der Pool, A. Smith, A. Opoku, Ka Lam Cheung","doi":"10.1108/f-03-2022-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/f-03-2022-0038","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This viewpoint paper aims to discuss sustainable digitalisation of facilities management (FM) through the implementation of the newly recognised International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards within the ISO 41000 series.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This viewpoint paper provides a review of the literature of the recent ISO documents and academic study. The content is also dependent on the authors’ opinions and interpretation.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000FM is currently shifting emphasis towards a strategic focus through the adoption of the new recognised international ISO standards that consider sustainable digitalisation in business decisions. However, the FM sector is encountering potential risks to the implementation of the new recognised international ISO standards. Digitalisation is one kind of force that has shaped the management of the built environment and FM recently and rapidly, especially in the Covid-19 period. This is impacting the FM industry. As standardisation aims at establishing a constantly evolving baseline of proven practices, standardisation can be considered a part of sustainable FM. It is believed that standardised and strategic level support is crucial for the smooth adoption of sustainable FM practices and processes. Standards such as the ISO standards, applied to the global FM industry, help in objectively quantifying the added value of FM to the core business. Advanced technology and digitalisation can contribute to the sustainability of any profession and industry, but it also requires a community to tackle the problems.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This paper contributes to the FM industry by making recommendations for improvement in the use of digitalisation. In summary, the significant finding of this viewpoint paper is that digitalisation offers both possibilities and problems in the application of the new recognised international ISO standards within the FM industry.\u0000","PeriodicalId":47595,"journal":{"name":"Facilities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46711370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kareem Mostafa, T. Hegazy, Robert D. Hunsperger, Stepanka Elias
Purpose This paper aims to use convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to provide an objective approach to classify deteriorated building assets according to the type and extent of damage. This research supports automated inspection of buildings and focuses on roofing elements as one of the most critical and externally distressed elements in buildings. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, 5,000+ images of deteriorated roofs from several buildings were collected to design a CNN system that automatically identifies and sizes roofing defects. Experimenting with different CNN formulations, the best accuracy is achieved using two-stage CNNs. The first-stage CNN classifies images into defect/no defect, while the second stage classifies the defected images according to the damage type. Based on the image classification, optimization is used to prioritize roof repairs by maximizing the return from limited rehabilitation funds. Findings The developed CNNs reached 95% and 97% accuracy for the first and second phases, respectively, which is higher than achieved in previous literature efforts. Using the proposed model to automate inspection and condition assessment activities proved to be faster than conventional methods. Repair/replace strategy for a case study of 21 campus buildings based on their condition and budgetary constraints was suggested. Research limitations/implications Future research includes testing different data acquisition technologies (e.g. infrared imaging), performing severity-based classification and integrating with BIM for defect localization. Originality/value This study provides an objective approach to automate asset condition assessment and improve funding decisions using a combination of image analysis and optimization techniques. The proposed approach is applicable toward other asset types and components.
{"title":"Using image analysis to quantify defects and prioritize repairs in built-up roofs","authors":"Kareem Mostafa, T. Hegazy, Robert D. Hunsperger, Stepanka Elias","doi":"10.1108/f-08-2022-0119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/f-08-2022-0119","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to use convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to provide an objective approach to classify deteriorated building assets according to the type and extent of damage. This research supports automated inspection of buildings and focuses on roofing elements as one of the most critical and externally distressed elements in buildings.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000In this paper, 5,000+ images of deteriorated roofs from several buildings were collected to design a CNN system that automatically identifies and sizes roofing defects. Experimenting with different CNN formulations, the best accuracy is achieved using two-stage CNNs. The first-stage CNN classifies images into defect/no defect, while the second stage classifies the defected images according to the damage type. Based on the image classification, optimization is used to prioritize roof repairs by maximizing the return from limited rehabilitation funds.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The developed CNNs reached 95% and 97% accuracy for the first and second phases, respectively, which is higher than achieved in previous literature efforts. Using the proposed model to automate inspection and condition assessment activities proved to be faster than conventional methods. Repair/replace strategy for a case study of 21 campus buildings based on their condition and budgetary constraints was suggested.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000Future research includes testing different data acquisition technologies (e.g. infrared imaging), performing severity-based classification and integrating with BIM for defect localization.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study provides an objective approach to automate asset condition assessment and improve funding decisions using a combination of image analysis and optimization techniques. The proposed approach is applicable toward other asset types and components.\u0000","PeriodicalId":47595,"journal":{"name":"Facilities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46354143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose This paper aims to provide architecture, engineering, construction and facilities management (AEC/FM) practitioners with a guiding tool for overcoming the challenges affecting their performance in adaptive reuse project. Design/methodology/approach Literature review was conducted to comprehend the challenges affecting the AEC/FM performance during the implementation of adaptive reuse projects. A case study was conducted on an adaptively reused building, located in Saudi Arabia. The case study building was converted from a bookstore into an amusement center. Document review of the as-built drawings, and a structured interview with the project manager were conducted. The study concluded with the development of AEC/FM practical guidelines, pertaining to the different involved domains. Findings This study indicated that the potential challenges are interrelated among the three domains. These challenges pertained to the spatial, legislative, technical, administrative and operational aspects. The findings emphasized the vital role of the integration among the AEC/FM domains, at the early project planning phases. Based on the findings, three sets of AEC/FM guidelines were developed. Research limitations/implications Theoretically, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that provides a case-specific investigation of the challenges affecting the AEC/FM performance in adaptive reuse projects. Practical implications The developed practical guidelines could potentially enhance the AEC/FM performance in future adaptive reuse projects. Originality/value This study contributes to the practice of adaptive reuse projects through providing practical guidelines for mitigating the challenges that affect the AEC/FM performance in these projects.
{"title":"AEC/FM performance in adaptive reuse projects: investigation of challenges and development of practical guidelines","authors":"M. Hassanain, Mohammad B. Hamida","doi":"10.1108/f-04-2022-0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/f-04-2022-0053","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to provide architecture, engineering, construction and facilities management (AEC/FM) practitioners with a guiding tool for overcoming the challenges affecting their performance in adaptive reuse project.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Literature review was conducted to comprehend the challenges affecting the AEC/FM performance during the implementation of adaptive reuse projects. A case study was conducted on an adaptively reused building, located in Saudi Arabia. The case study building was converted from a bookstore into an amusement center. Document review of the as-built drawings, and a structured interview with the project manager were conducted. The study concluded with the development of AEC/FM practical guidelines, pertaining to the different involved domains.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000This study indicated that the potential challenges are interrelated among the three domains. These challenges pertained to the spatial, legislative, technical, administrative and operational aspects. The findings emphasized the vital role of the integration among the AEC/FM domains, at the early project planning phases. Based on the findings, three sets of AEC/FM guidelines were developed.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000Theoretically, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that provides a case-specific investigation of the challenges affecting the AEC/FM performance in adaptive reuse projects.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The developed practical guidelines could potentially enhance the AEC/FM performance in future adaptive reuse projects.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study contributes to the practice of adaptive reuse projects through providing practical guidelines for mitigating the challenges that affect the AEC/FM performance in these projects.\u0000","PeriodicalId":47595,"journal":{"name":"Facilities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42558010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hilde Norang, Marit Store-Valen, Nina Kvale, A. Temeljotov-Salaj
Purpose The European Union (EU) aims to become climate-neutral by 2050. Achieving this requires targeted measures and strategies. One of the instruments of the EU is the EU taxonomy, a classification system with the purpose of creating a common definition of what economic activities are deemed sustainable. The paper aims to examine how the EU taxonomy can affect the Norwegian construction industry, property owners and facilities management (FM) providers. Design/methodology/approach The research is based on a document analysis and interviews with main stakeholders within the financial sector, construction and real estate (RE) sector, authorities, environmental organisations and businesses related to FM and RE. Findings The findings show that different stakeholders share largely similar attitudes towards the taxonomy, although some differ in their opinions. This paper finds that there are high levels of uncertainty and confusion associated with the taxonomy, which can be said to be a major obstacle for successful implementation. Several stakeholders show concerns related to the fact that Norway lacks definitions and regulations on which the taxonomy is based. The requirements for new buildings and existing buildings are considered stricter than the current practice in the Norwegian construction and RE industry, while the requirements for renovation are considered more achievable. The uptake of the EU taxonomy will impact the FM and the urban FM practices and standards for the procurement of services, and the integration of environmental, social and governance (ESG) policies must be developed. Research limitations/implications The research presented in this paper was conducted at a time when the EU taxonomy was a relatively unknown concept in the Norwegian construction and RE industry. FM providers were not interviewed in this study. Practical implications This research is one of the first studies to be conducted on this topic in Norway and represents the first meeting between the EU taxonomy and the industry. The discussion underpins the relevance of adjusting and updating FM standards to today’s knowledge about ESG principles. Originality/value The paper shows the viewpoint of the Norwegian stakeholders involved in the construction and RE industry. This gives valuable information about the challenges that the industry needs to overcome.
{"title":"Norwegian stakeholder's attitudes towards EU taxonomy","authors":"Hilde Norang, Marit Store-Valen, Nina Kvale, A. Temeljotov-Salaj","doi":"10.1108/f-03-2022-0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/f-03-2022-0051","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The European Union (EU) aims to become climate-neutral by 2050. Achieving this requires targeted measures and strategies. One of the instruments of the EU is the EU taxonomy, a classification system with the purpose of creating a common definition of what economic activities are deemed sustainable. The paper aims to examine how the EU taxonomy can affect the Norwegian construction industry, property owners and facilities management (FM) providers.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The research is based on a document analysis and interviews with main stakeholders within the financial sector, construction and real estate (RE) sector, authorities, environmental organisations and businesses related to FM and RE.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The findings show that different stakeholders share largely similar attitudes towards the taxonomy, although some differ in their opinions. This paper finds that there are high levels of uncertainty and confusion associated with the taxonomy, which can be said to be a major obstacle for successful implementation. Several stakeholders show concerns related to the fact that Norway lacks definitions and regulations on which the taxonomy is based. The requirements for new buildings and existing buildings are considered stricter than the current practice in the Norwegian construction and RE industry, while the requirements for renovation are considered more achievable. The uptake of the EU taxonomy will impact the FM and the urban FM practices and standards for the procurement of services, and the integration of environmental, social and governance (ESG) policies must be developed.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The research presented in this paper was conducted at a time when the EU taxonomy was a relatively unknown concept in the Norwegian construction and RE industry. FM providers were not interviewed in this study.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000This research is one of the first studies to be conducted on this topic in Norway and represents the first meeting between the EU taxonomy and the industry. The discussion underpins the relevance of adjusting and updating FM standards to today’s knowledge about ESG principles.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The paper shows the viewpoint of the Norwegian stakeholders involved in the construction and RE industry. This gives valuable information about the challenges that the industry needs to overcome.\u0000","PeriodicalId":47595,"journal":{"name":"Facilities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46276564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Keskin, Eunhwa Yang, H. Tanrıvermiş, Ece Erdogmus
Purpose This study aims to gain a qualitative understanding of the residents’ perspective on the complexities of built environment management in Turkey. In addition, facility management (FM) is a newly emerging field in Turkey and therefore the paper contributes to the existing knowledge base on the global status of the field. Design/methodology/approach In-person surveys with the residents in the North Ankara and Dikmen Valley urban transformation projects were evaluated. The data have been collected from 660 residents through surveys using the random sampling method. Chi-square tests were used to examine the frequency and percentage distributions of the data, as well as the relationship between categorical variables. If the expected values in the chi-square analysis were low/insufficient, the Monte Carlo simulation method was used. A value of 0.05 was used as the level of significance, and it was stated that there was a significant relationship/dependency in the case of p < 0.05, and that there was no significant relationship/dependency in the case of p > 0.05. Findings The research identified that there was a prevailing opinion that professional FM services would likely increase the overall cost of maintenance, but satisfaction was lower in areas where management was carried out by a resident management group. It has been observed that there is a significant dependency between the regions with the answers given to the statements “Management by professional management companies causes an increase in costs” and “Management by the homeowners is more advantageous than working with professional management companies.” Originality/value The concept of “gecekondu” is unique to Turkey and the operation, maintenance and quality expectations of gecekondu owners and those of the more affluent residents can be significantly different. This fascinating process of illegal housing-to-urban transformation and the current need for many more urban transformation projects in the country distinguished the Turkish urban transformation approach from other countries. In addition, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no other study in Turkey regarding the FM of urban transformation areas with data of this size.
{"title":"Facility management perspective in urban transformation projects: the opportunities and challenges in Turkey","authors":"E. Keskin, Eunhwa Yang, H. Tanrıvermiş, Ece Erdogmus","doi":"10.1108/f-04-2022-0062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/f-04-2022-0062","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to gain a qualitative understanding of the residents’ perspective on the complexities of built environment management in Turkey. In addition, facility management (FM) is a newly emerging field in Turkey and therefore the paper contributes to the existing knowledge base on the global status of the field.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000In-person surveys with the residents in the North Ankara and Dikmen Valley urban transformation projects were evaluated. The data have been collected from 660 residents through surveys using the random sampling method. Chi-square tests were used to examine the frequency and percentage distributions of the data, as well as the relationship between categorical variables. If the expected values in the chi-square analysis were low/insufficient, the Monte Carlo simulation method was used. A value of 0.05 was used as the level of significance, and it was stated that there was a significant relationship/dependency in the case of p < 0.05, and that there was no significant relationship/dependency in the case of p > 0.05.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The research identified that there was a prevailing opinion that professional FM services would likely increase the overall cost of maintenance, but satisfaction was lower in areas where management was carried out by a resident management group. It has been observed that there is a significant dependency between the regions with the answers given to the statements “Management by professional management companies causes an increase in costs” and “Management by the homeowners is more advantageous than working with professional management companies.”\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The concept of “gecekondu” is unique to Turkey and the operation, maintenance and quality expectations of gecekondu owners and those of the more affluent residents can be significantly different. This fascinating process of illegal housing-to-urban transformation and the current need for many more urban transformation projects in the country distinguished the Turkish urban transformation approach from other countries. In addition, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no other study in Turkey regarding the FM of urban transformation areas with data of this size.\u0000","PeriodicalId":47595,"journal":{"name":"Facilities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47336342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose The existence of hidden and dangerous points after the fire leads to loss of command of the rescue teams, casualties, and financial loss. This paper aims to identify these points by taking into account their contributing factors that can help to better manage, prevent and prepare for the risks even after their occurrence. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the fire overhaul was investigated by identifying the risks of this stage and ranking them in terms of impact. This paper introduces danger points using empirical knowledge (questionnaire) along with theoretical knowledge (literature review) and suggested solutions. Finally, by investigating the dangers and their effects on each other, it introduced three main danger paths. The main problem is the lack of applied knowledge, the relationship between theoretical knowledge at this stage of fire and its application in firefighting operations. To solve this problem, a model was developed to determine the relationships between the effects on firefighters’ health during fire overhaul using structural equation modeling (SEM) in the building. To develop this model, dangerous points were first identified, categorized and weighted, and then the effect of each of these points and their interactions was determined. Findings This paper contributes to the literature by identifying hazardous points and investigating their impacts on firefighters’ health using the SEM method. This study identifies 17 points that can be traversed through three paths. Research limitations/implications Hazardous points could affect the success of the fire overhaul operation. Adopting a flexible model during this stage can enhance safety. Originality/value The results of this study can be used to rank and classify fire overhaul hazards in buildings and to increase firefighters’ safety and other related factors.
{"title":"Interaction and effects of dangerous and hidden points on firefighter’s health during fire overhaul using the PLS-SEM technique","authors":"Neda Rahnama, E. Noorzai, M. Golabchi","doi":"10.1108/f-02-2022-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/f-02-2022-0019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The existence of hidden and dangerous points after the fire leads to loss of command of the rescue teams, casualties, and financial loss. This paper aims to identify these points by taking into account their contributing factors that can help to better manage, prevent and prepare for the risks even after their occurrence.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000In this study, the fire overhaul was investigated by identifying the risks of this stage and ranking them in terms of impact. This paper introduces danger points using empirical knowledge (questionnaire) along with theoretical knowledge (literature review) and suggested solutions. Finally, by investigating the dangers and their effects on each other, it introduced three main danger paths. The main problem is the lack of applied knowledge, the relationship between theoretical knowledge at this stage of fire and its application in firefighting operations. To solve this problem, a model was developed to determine the relationships between the effects on firefighters’ health during fire overhaul using structural equation modeling (SEM) in the building. To develop this model, dangerous points were first identified, categorized and weighted, and then the effect of each of these points and their interactions was determined.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000This paper contributes to the literature by identifying hazardous points and investigating their impacts on firefighters’ health using the SEM method. This study identifies 17 points that can be traversed through three paths.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000Hazardous points could affect the success of the fire overhaul operation. Adopting a flexible model during this stage can enhance safety.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The results of this study can be used to rank and classify fire overhaul hazards in buildings and to increase firefighters’ safety and other related factors.\u0000","PeriodicalId":47595,"journal":{"name":"Facilities","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62421755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose Poor indoor air quality (IAQ) contributing to occupants’ health symptoms is a universal, typically ventilation-related, problem in schools. In cold climates, low-cost strategies to improve IAQ in a naturally ventilated school are rare since conventional methods, such as window opening, are often inappropriate. This paper aims to present an investigation of strategies to relieve health symptoms among school occupants in naturally ventilated school in Finland. Design/methodology/approach A case study approach is adopted to thoroughly investigate the process of generating the alternatives of ventilation redesign in a naturally ventilated school where there have been complaints of health symptoms. First, the potential sources of the occupants’ symptoms are identified. Then, the strategies aiming to reduce the symptoms are compared and evaluated. Findings In a naturally ventilated school, health symptoms that are significantly caused by insufficient ventilation can be potentially reduced by implementing a supply and exhaust ventilation system. Alternatively, it is possible to retain the natural ventilation with reduced number of occupants. The selected strategy would depend considerably on the desired number of users, the budget and the possibilities to combine the redesign of ventilation with other refurbishment actions. Furthermore, the risk of poorer indoor air caused by the refurbishment actions must also be addressed and considered. Practical implications This study may assist municipal authorities and school directors in decisions concerning improvement of classroom IAQ and elimination of building-related symptoms. This research provides economic aspects of alternative strategies and points out the risks related to major refurbishment actions. Originality/value Since this study presents a set of features related to indoor air that contribute to occupants’ health as well as matters to be considered when aiming to decrease occupants’ symptoms, it may be of assistance to municipal authorities and practitioners in providing a healthier indoor environment for pupils and teachers.
{"title":"Determining ventilation strategies to relieve health symptoms among school occupants","authors":"Ulrika Uotila, A. Saari","doi":"10.1108/f-10-2021-0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/f-10-2021-0101","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Poor indoor air quality (IAQ) contributing to occupants’ health symptoms is a universal, typically ventilation-related, problem in schools. In cold climates, low-cost strategies to improve IAQ in a naturally ventilated school are rare since conventional methods, such as window opening, are often inappropriate. This paper aims to present an investigation of strategies to relieve health symptoms among school occupants in naturally ventilated school in Finland.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A case study approach is adopted to thoroughly investigate the process of generating the alternatives of ventilation redesign in a naturally ventilated school where there have been complaints of health symptoms. First, the potential sources of the occupants’ symptoms are identified. Then, the strategies aiming to reduce the symptoms are compared and evaluated.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000In a naturally ventilated school, health symptoms that are significantly caused by insufficient ventilation can be potentially reduced by implementing a supply and exhaust ventilation system. Alternatively, it is possible to retain the natural ventilation with reduced number of occupants. The selected strategy would depend considerably on the desired number of users, the budget and the possibilities to combine the redesign of ventilation with other refurbishment actions. Furthermore, the risk of poorer indoor air caused by the refurbishment actions must also be addressed and considered.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000This study may assist municipal authorities and school directors in decisions concerning improvement of classroom IAQ and elimination of building-related symptoms. This research provides economic aspects of alternative strategies and points out the risks related to major refurbishment actions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Since this study presents a set of features related to indoor air that contribute to occupants’ health as well as matters to be considered when aiming to decrease occupants’ symptoms, it may be of assistance to municipal authorities and practitioners in providing a healthier indoor environment for pupils and teachers.\u0000","PeriodicalId":47595,"journal":{"name":"Facilities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43657293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rodrigo Pedral Sampaio, António Aguiar Costa, I. Flores-Colen
Purpose This paper aims to contribute to the discussion of the following questions: How can the digital transition improve the management of the operation and maintenance of infrastructure in health-care facilities? What is the legacy for facility management (FM) teams in this post-COVID-19 management of hospital buildings? Design/methodology/approach Based on a literature review, this paper analyses and categorises existing research on the digital challenges for FM from 2011 until 2021 by conducting a qualitative and quantitative method of bibliometric analysis and discussing the status of digital transition impact on FM of the hospital buildings. Findings The trends and challenges of building information modelling, artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things identified and discussed in this paper aim to be as comprehensive as possible to grasp the situation of digital transition in the FM industry in the hospital buildings context. Regarding digital maturity, the limited number of publications highlights that control and management systems cannot fully manage the entire operational phase of hospital buildings. Giving intelligence to buildings will undoubtedly be the future. So making buildings reactive, interactive and immersive is an inevitable transformation for intelligent hospital building systems. Thus, the added value of digitalisation will help facility managers to overcome the issues pointed out in this paper to deal with the growing health demands and enable them to mitigate the impacts of a new and future pandemic. Originality/value The novelty of this paper is classifying and unifying facility managers' tendencies regarding high-level information management issues, which are lacking in the literature, with a focus on the approaches with potential and higher impact on FM in the hospital building context and the related steps that should be considered regarding data collection and data structures. These tendencies provide a set of new intelligent approaches and tools, which will increase the efficiency of processes, significantly impacting the potential of optimisation. Also, these trends can improve planning and management of scope, costs, environment and safety in the value chain of projects and assets, thus creating a more resilient and sustainable industry for facility managers in this post-COVID-19 management for hospital buildings.
{"title":"A discussion of digital transition impact on facility management of hospital buildings","authors":"Rodrigo Pedral Sampaio, António Aguiar Costa, I. Flores-Colen","doi":"10.1108/f-07-2022-0092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/f-07-2022-0092","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to contribute to the discussion of the following questions: How can the digital transition improve the management of the operation and maintenance of infrastructure in health-care facilities? What is the legacy for facility management (FM) teams in this post-COVID-19 management of hospital buildings?\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Based on a literature review, this paper analyses and categorises existing research on the digital challenges for FM from 2011 until 2021 by conducting a qualitative and quantitative method of bibliometric analysis and discussing the status of digital transition impact on FM of the hospital buildings.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The trends and challenges of building information modelling, artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things identified and discussed in this paper aim to be as comprehensive as possible to grasp the situation of digital transition in the FM industry in the hospital buildings context. Regarding digital maturity, the limited number of publications highlights that control and management systems cannot fully manage the entire operational phase of hospital buildings. Giving intelligence to buildings will undoubtedly be the future. So making buildings reactive, interactive and immersive is an inevitable transformation for intelligent hospital building systems. Thus, the added value of digitalisation will help facility managers to overcome the issues pointed out in this paper to deal with the growing health demands and enable them to mitigate the impacts of a new and future pandemic.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The novelty of this paper is classifying and unifying facility managers' tendencies regarding high-level information management issues, which are lacking in the literature, with a focus on the approaches with potential and higher impact on FM in the hospital building context and the related steps that should be considered regarding data collection and data structures. These tendencies provide a set of new intelligent approaches and tools, which will increase the efficiency of processes, significantly impacting the potential of optimisation. Also, these trends can improve planning and management of scope, costs, environment and safety in the value chain of projects and assets, thus creating a more resilient and sustainable industry for facility managers in this post-COVID-19 management for hospital buildings.\u0000","PeriodicalId":47595,"journal":{"name":"Facilities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42270621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose Increasing focus on sustainability, in general, climate change impact, circular economy and a substantial need for CO2 footprint reduction within the construction industry, requires new knowledge and processes regarding the existing buildings. To satisfy new laws and regulations for new buildings is an easier challenge in comparison with possibilities in existing building stock which has the biggest contribution to sustainability within the construction industry. The purpose of the study is to develop and present a standardized process for sustainable refurbishment which, in addition to technical aspects, has a goal to create “well-being” for stakeholders, people organizations in private and public businesses and society itself. Design/methodology/approach The latest state of the art in the mentioned field has been assessed, and the developments along with potential future research focus have been identified. The process is presented in this paper, from the starting point of establishing the Norwegian standards in 1995 (NS 3454) until now, the development of the new CEN standard (prEN 17860:2022). The basic methodology designed for NS 3454 was improved through Nordic tools for indicator requirements SURE 1 (2011) and SURE 2 (2015). Further development of the tool was adopted by CEN TC 350 Sustainable Construction in 2017 with the aim to extend the good Nordic practices to the European level. In the paper, the design of the new standard prEN 17860:2022 is presented, from the process and content perspective, following the Nordic approach of standardized methodology and enhancing it with new dimensions and evaluation tools. Throughout the years, the standardized methodology, based on NS 3424, has been implemented in practical use for facility management in the Norwegian public sector. Positive experiences and feedback from this practical implementation have been taken into consideration in prEN 17680:2022. Findings The authors present the guidance, developed as a process, leading facility managers and other stakeholders through sustainable refurbishment standards and rules to make a clear decision about their concrete investment. The tool enables decisions about all three sustainability pillars and better decisions for health, well-being and quality of life. All the characteristics of the standardized methodology from the Nordic approach were supplemented (technical aspects; adaptability; usability; social aspects; energy, water and operational impacts and quality of indoor environment including health aspects) and some new were added (economic, feasibility, climate resilience and embodied environmental impacts). The tool also presents a building performance profile for further service life. Social implications Sustainable cities have been a focus for many years now from various perspectives such as SURE 1 or 2 and CEN TC 350. What these studies neglect is a clear and helpful guideline, supporting the FM, users and investors while dec
{"title":"Development of a new standard for evaluation of sustainable refurbishment","authors":"S. Bjorberg, A. Temeljotov Salaj","doi":"10.1108/f-06-2022-0090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/f-06-2022-0090","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Increasing focus on sustainability, in general, climate change impact, circular economy and a substantial need for CO2 footprint reduction within the construction industry, requires new knowledge and processes regarding the existing buildings. To satisfy new laws and regulations for new buildings is an easier challenge in comparison with possibilities in existing building stock which has the biggest contribution to sustainability within the construction industry. The purpose of the study is to develop and present a standardized process for sustainable refurbishment which, in addition to technical aspects, has a goal to create “well-being” for stakeholders, people organizations in private and public businesses and society itself.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The latest state of the art in the mentioned field has been assessed, and the developments along with potential future research focus have been identified. The process is presented in this paper, from the starting point of establishing the Norwegian standards in 1995 (NS 3454) until now, the development of the new CEN standard (prEN 17860:2022). The basic methodology designed for NS 3454 was improved through Nordic tools for indicator requirements SURE 1 (2011) and SURE 2 (2015). Further development of the tool was adopted by CEN TC 350 Sustainable Construction in 2017 with the aim to extend the good Nordic practices to the European level. In the paper, the design of the new standard prEN 17860:2022 is presented, from the process and content perspective, following the Nordic approach of standardized methodology and enhancing it with new dimensions and evaluation tools. Throughout the years, the standardized methodology, based on NS 3424, has been implemented in practical use for facility management in the Norwegian public sector. Positive experiences and feedback from this practical implementation have been taken into consideration in prEN 17680:2022.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The authors present the guidance, developed as a process, leading facility managers and other stakeholders through sustainable refurbishment standards and rules to make a clear decision about their concrete investment. The tool enables decisions about all three sustainability pillars and better decisions for health, well-being and quality of life. All the characteristics of the standardized methodology from the Nordic approach were supplemented (technical aspects; adaptability; usability; social aspects; energy, water and operational impacts and quality of indoor environment including health aspects) and some new were added (economic, feasibility, climate resilience and embodied environmental impacts). The tool also presents a building performance profile for further service life.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000Sustainable cities have been a focus for many years now from various perspectives such as SURE 1 or 2 and CEN TC 350. What these studies neglect is a clear and helpful guideline, supporting the FM, users and investors while dec","PeriodicalId":47595,"journal":{"name":"Facilities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42065689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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