Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1080/13674676.2022.2102160
Veola E. Vazquez, R. A. Pate, Jessica MacCallum, Marena Matta, Stephanie Zivanovic, Sara Chamberlin, Teal Baker, S. Newman
ABSTRACT Using a community sample of 448 Christian adults with a history of trauma, the current study explored the mediating role of two religious variables, attachment to God and Christian gratitude, in the association between deliberate rumination and posttraumatic growth (PTG). Two parallel mediation analyses were conducted. In the first analysis, results revealed that anxious attachment to God mediated the association between deliberate rumination and PTG, but Christian gratitude did not. In the second analysis, neither avoidant attachment nor Christian gratitude mediated this same association. However, analyses revealed positive associations between PTG and Christian gratitude and anxious attachment to God. Post-hoc analysis revealed that intrusive rumination may better explain outcomes related to PTG when exploring these variables. Treatment implications, limitations, and directions for future research are presented.
{"title":"Deliberate rumination and posttraumatic growth: the mediating role of Christian gratitude and attachment to God","authors":"Veola E. Vazquez, R. A. Pate, Jessica MacCallum, Marena Matta, Stephanie Zivanovic, Sara Chamberlin, Teal Baker, S. Newman","doi":"10.1080/13674676.2022.2102160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2022.2102160","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Using a community sample of 448 Christian adults with a history of trauma, the current study explored the mediating role of two religious variables, attachment to God and Christian gratitude, in the association between deliberate rumination and posttraumatic growth (PTG). Two parallel mediation analyses were conducted. In the first analysis, results revealed that anxious attachment to God mediated the association between deliberate rumination and PTG, but Christian gratitude did not. In the second analysis, neither avoidant attachment nor Christian gratitude mediated this same association. However, analyses revealed positive associations between PTG and Christian gratitude and anxious attachment to God. Post-hoc analysis revealed that intrusive rumination may better explain outcomes related to PTG when exploring these variables. Treatment implications, limitations, and directions for future research are presented.","PeriodicalId":47614,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health Religion & Culture","volume":"25 1","pages":"755 - 773"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42463030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1080/13674676.2022.2116632
Husain A Lateef, Osman Umarji
ABSTRACT Racism is a salient societal-level factor that adversely impacts the mental health of Black Americans. Although religiosity and racial identity have been studied in this population as protective factors, few studies have specifically considered Black American Muslims. We assessed the relationship between religious and racial identity on mental health-related factors among 499 Black American Muslims, utilising data from a cross-sectional study of Muslims in America conducted by the Yaqeen Institute for Islamic Research. Cluster analysis results indicated a five-cluster solution. Differential associations were identified between cluster membership and psychological health outcomes. Participants in profiles characterised by a belief in the low societal regard for Muslims and Blacks had significantly worse mental health than did those in other profiles. The analysis further identified religiosity, gratitude, and private regard as buffering mental health agents, with uncertainty intolerance and John Henryism being related risk factors. Implications for future research are discussed.
{"title":"Black American Muslims: a study of religious identity and mental health","authors":"Husain A Lateef, Osman Umarji","doi":"10.1080/13674676.2022.2116632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2022.2116632","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Racism is a salient societal-level factor that adversely impacts the mental health of Black Americans. Although religiosity and racial identity have been studied in this population as protective factors, few studies have specifically considered Black American Muslims. We assessed the relationship between religious and racial identity on mental health-related factors among 499 Black American Muslims, utilising data from a cross-sectional study of Muslims in America conducted by the Yaqeen Institute for Islamic Research. Cluster analysis results indicated a five-cluster solution. Differential associations were identified between cluster membership and psychological health outcomes. Participants in profiles characterised by a belief in the low societal regard for Muslims and Blacks had significantly worse mental health than did those in other profiles. The analysis further identified religiosity, gratitude, and private regard as buffering mental health agents, with uncertainty intolerance and John Henryism being related risk factors. Implications for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47614,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health Religion & Culture","volume":"25 1","pages":"802 - 816"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41643165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1080/13674676.2022.2109142
Pernille Friis Jensen, Kamilla Amalie Bech Kofoed
ABSTRACT This paper examines how a group of mosque-practicing Muslim women in Denmark cope with personal discriminating actions and confrontations with stigmatising stereotypical discourses related to their religion and gender. Based on qualitative interviews with 33 mosque-practicing Muslim women, we provide examples of various experiences with discrimination related to their religion and gender. The study demonstrates how mosques support women by providing a strong sense of belonging and a religious language of advocacy. Hence, this study empirically highlights an aspect of the relationship between religious belonging and individuals’ mental health and contributes to the knowledge of Muslim minorities by providing insights into women’s experiences of victimisation. Additionally, we clarify misconceptions about the meaning of Muslim practices, such as the wearing of a veil and gender division in mosques.
{"title":"Gendered Muslim stigma and mosques as spaces of collective coping","authors":"Pernille Friis Jensen, Kamilla Amalie Bech Kofoed","doi":"10.1080/13674676.2022.2109142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2022.2109142","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper examines how a group of mosque-practicing Muslim women in Denmark cope with personal discriminating actions and confrontations with stigmatising stereotypical discourses related to their religion and gender. Based on qualitative interviews with 33 mosque-practicing Muslim women, we provide examples of various experiences with discrimination related to their religion and gender. The study demonstrates how mosques support women by providing a strong sense of belonging and a religious language of advocacy. Hence, this study empirically highlights an aspect of the relationship between religious belonging and individuals’ mental health and contributes to the knowledge of Muslim minorities by providing insights into women’s experiences of victimisation. Additionally, we clarify misconceptions about the meaning of Muslim practices, such as the wearing of a veil and gender division in mosques.","PeriodicalId":47614,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health Religion & Culture","volume":"25 1","pages":"789 - 801"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47858091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1080/13674676.2022.2032625
Carlos Alejandro Pineda-Roa, A. Campo‐Arias, Ana Mercedes Bello-Villanueva
ABSTRACT The present study’s main objective was to evaluate the mediating role of spirituality in the relationship between sexual attraction and suicide risk. A cross-sectional study was designed for students’ participation from colleges and universities in Barranquilla, Bogotá, and Villavicencio, Colombia. Sexual attraction was investigated using one question with six response options: opposite-sex attraction (OSA) and sexual minorities young (SMY), and with scales, suicide risk (Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale), and spirituality (three items). Three thousand and sixty four young people between 14 and 24 years old participated (M = 16.8, SD = 2.2); 61% were women. The group of SMY participants showed higher scores in suicide risk than the participants OSA. The OSA group showed greater spirituality than the SMY group. Spirituality mediated the relationship between sexual attraction and suicide risk, both in men and women, even after controlling for age. New research is needed in Colombian youth.
{"title":"Association between sexual attraction and suicide risk: the mediating role of spirituality","authors":"Carlos Alejandro Pineda-Roa, A. Campo‐Arias, Ana Mercedes Bello-Villanueva","doi":"10.1080/13674676.2022.2032625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2022.2032625","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study’s main objective was to evaluate the mediating role of spirituality in the relationship between sexual attraction and suicide risk. A cross-sectional study was designed for students’ participation from colleges and universities in Barranquilla, Bogotá, and Villavicencio, Colombia. Sexual attraction was investigated using one question with six response options: opposite-sex attraction (OSA) and sexual minorities young (SMY), and with scales, suicide risk (Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale), and spirituality (three items). Three thousand and sixty four young people between 14 and 24 years old participated (M = 16.8, SD = 2.2); 61% were women. The group of SMY participants showed higher scores in suicide risk than the participants OSA. The OSA group showed greater spirituality than the SMY group. Spirituality mediated the relationship between sexual attraction and suicide risk, both in men and women, even after controlling for age. New research is needed in Colombian youth.","PeriodicalId":47614,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health Religion & Culture","volume":"25 1","pages":"739 - 754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46120037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1080/13674676.2022.2108012
Radhika Thanki, D. Pestonjee
ABSTRACT This study evaluates the relationship between workplace stress, spiritual climate, and psychological well-being. The study also establishes how an enhanced spiritual climate of the organisation could lead to favourable outcomes for the employees, such as improved psychological well-being and reduced role stress while understanding the mediating effect of psychological well-being in the relationship between role stress and spiritual climate among working professionals. Two hundred and one working professionals completed measures of Psychological Well-Being at Work, Spiritual Climate Inventory, and Organisational Role Stress. The spiritual climate of the organisation showed a significant positive association with the psychological well-being at work of the employees. The spiritual climate of the organization had an indirect effect on the role stress of the employees mediated by psychological well-being at work of the employees, demonstrating that the spiritual climate of the organization coupled with the psychological well-being at work of an employee can help reduce the role stress of the employee.
{"title":"Mediating effect of psychological well-being in the relationship between spiritual climate and role stress among working professionals","authors":"Radhika Thanki, D. Pestonjee","doi":"10.1080/13674676.2022.2108012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2022.2108012","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study evaluates the relationship between workplace stress, spiritual climate, and psychological well-being. The study also establishes how an enhanced spiritual climate of the organisation could lead to favourable outcomes for the employees, such as improved psychological well-being and reduced role stress while understanding the mediating effect of psychological well-being in the relationship between role stress and spiritual climate among working professionals. Two hundred and one working professionals completed measures of Psychological Well-Being at Work, Spiritual Climate Inventory, and Organisational Role Stress. The spiritual climate of the organisation showed a significant positive association with the psychological well-being at work of the employees. The spiritual climate of the organization had an indirect effect on the role stress of the employees mediated by psychological well-being at work of the employees, demonstrating that the spiritual climate of the organization coupled with the psychological well-being at work of an employee can help reduce the role stress of the employee.","PeriodicalId":47614,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health Religion & Culture","volume":"25 1","pages":"774 - 788"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44956571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-26DOI: 10.1080/13674676.2022.2034772
A. Abdel-Khalek, D. Lester, M. Dadfar, M. K. Atef Vahid, Mayssah El Nayal, Amthal H. Alhuwailah, Fares Zine El Abiddine, A. P. Singh, Y. Turan
ABSTRACT The present research studied 2570 college students from seven countries: Egypt, Algeria, Kuwait, Lebanon, Iran, India and Turkey. The aims were: (a) to compare love of life mean scores between the seven samples, (b) to examine sex-related differences in love of life, and (c) to explore the principal components of the Love of Life Scale (LLS). The highest mean total LLS scores were for Kuwait, India, and Iran students, respectively. All countries differed significantly from one another, except Algeria versus Lebanon and India versus Iran. Higher mean LLS scores for women were found for each country. Cronbach alpha for the LLS was .93. A principal component analysis extracted from one to four components for individual countries, but one component was extracted for the total sample and labelled: Positive attitude towards life and Meaningfulness of life. The love of Life concept may be considered to be an important concept in positive psychology.
{"title":"An examination of culture and gender differences on the Love of Life Scale (LLS) and its psychometric properties","authors":"A. Abdel-Khalek, D. Lester, M. Dadfar, M. K. Atef Vahid, Mayssah El Nayal, Amthal H. Alhuwailah, Fares Zine El Abiddine, A. P. Singh, Y. Turan","doi":"10.1080/13674676.2022.2034772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2022.2034772","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present research studied 2570 college students from seven countries: Egypt, Algeria, Kuwait, Lebanon, Iran, India and Turkey. The aims were: (a) to compare love of life mean scores between the seven samples, (b) to examine sex-related differences in love of life, and (c) to explore the principal components of the Love of Life Scale (LLS). The highest mean total LLS scores were for Kuwait, India, and Iran students, respectively. All countries differed significantly from one another, except Algeria versus Lebanon and India versus Iran. Higher mean LLS scores for women were found for each country. Cronbach alpha for the LLS was .93. A principal component analysis extracted from one to four components for individual countries, but one component was extracted for the total sample and labelled: Positive attitude towards life and Meaningfulness of life. The love of Life concept may be considered to be an important concept in positive psychology.","PeriodicalId":47614,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health Religion & Culture","volume":"87 1","pages":"591 - 599"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90838471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-09DOI: 10.1080/13674676.2022.2106198
L. Pingani, Giorgia Pinelli, Sandra Coriani, S. Ferrari, Lucia Fierro, Sara Giberti, G. Mattei, A. Nasi, S. Evans-Lacko, E. Wesselmann, G. Galeazzi
ABSTRACT This study assessed, through an exploratory approach, how religion-based negative causal attributions of mental illness may be associated to stigmatising attitudes and behaviours that contribute to public stigma in an Italian convenience sample. All participants (N = 311; average age = 33 years, 38.6% male) completed a set of three questionnaires: Religious Beliefs and Mental Illness Stigma Scale, the Attribution Questionnaire 27 and the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule. The study found support for two specific models. The Responsibility model involved four key predictors: participant age, the influence of religious beliefs in everyday choices, religious beliefs about the connection between morality/sin and mental illness and having participated in seminars about mental illness stigma. The Dangerousness model involved three exogenous variables: participating in mental illness stigma seminars, religious beliefs about morality/sin and mental illness, and participant age. This study allows the identification of variables that seem to activate or attenuate the models of “Personal Responsibility” and “Dangerousness”.
{"title":"Can a negative religious causal attribution of mental illness affect the phenomenon of public stigma?","authors":"L. Pingani, Giorgia Pinelli, Sandra Coriani, S. Ferrari, Lucia Fierro, Sara Giberti, G. Mattei, A. Nasi, S. Evans-Lacko, E. Wesselmann, G. Galeazzi","doi":"10.1080/13674676.2022.2106198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2022.2106198","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study assessed, through an exploratory approach, how religion-based negative causal attributions of mental illness may be associated to stigmatising attitudes and behaviours that contribute to public stigma in an Italian convenience sample. All participants (N = 311; average age = 33 years, 38.6% male) completed a set of three questionnaires: Religious Beliefs and Mental Illness Stigma Scale, the Attribution Questionnaire 27 and the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule. The study found support for two specific models. The Responsibility model involved four key predictors: participant age, the influence of religious beliefs in everyday choices, religious beliefs about the connection between morality/sin and mental illness and having participated in seminars about mental illness stigma. The Dangerousness model involved three exogenous variables: participating in mental illness stigma seminars, religious beliefs about morality/sin and mental illness, and participant age. This study allows the identification of variables that seem to activate or attenuate the models of “Personal Responsibility” and “Dangerousness”.","PeriodicalId":47614,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health Religion & Culture","volume":"25 1","pages":"665 - 681"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46950012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-09DOI: 10.1080/13674676.2022.2116633
Christopher E. M. Lloyd, Graham Reid
ABSTRACT This paper investigated whether perceived God support would mediate the negative relationship between religiosity and psychological distress. 253 Evangelical Christians completed the Patient Health Questionnaire for Anxiety and Depression, the Religiosity Inventory, and the Religious Support Scale. Mediation analyses revealed that perceived God support partially mediated the negative relationship between Evangelical religiosity and psychological distress. This meant that perceived God support could explain some of the negative religiosity-distress relationship. As such, Evangelical religiosity may be related to health benefits through adherents’ sense of support from God, corroborating a divine attachment theory of religion. We argue that God support should be considered as one of the theoretical mechanisms through which religions may be associated with better psychological health.
{"title":"Perceived God support as a mediator of the relationship between religiosity and psychological distress","authors":"Christopher E. M. Lloyd, Graham Reid","doi":"10.1080/13674676.2022.2116633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2022.2116633","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper investigated whether perceived God support would mediate the negative relationship between religiosity and psychological distress. 253 Evangelical Christians completed the Patient Health Questionnaire for Anxiety and Depression, the Religiosity Inventory, and the Religious Support Scale. Mediation analyses revealed that perceived God support partially mediated the negative relationship between Evangelical religiosity and psychological distress. This meant that perceived God support could explain some of the negative religiosity-distress relationship. As such, Evangelical religiosity may be related to health benefits through adherents’ sense of support from God, corroborating a divine attachment theory of religion. We argue that God support should be considered as one of the theoretical mechanisms through which religions may be associated with better psychological health.","PeriodicalId":47614,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health Religion & Culture","volume":"25 1","pages":"696 - 711"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41656254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-09DOI: 10.1080/13674676.2022.2114442
S. Dein
{"title":"Science of life after death","authors":"S. Dein","doi":"10.1080/13674676.2022.2114442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2022.2114442","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47614,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health Religion & Culture","volume":"25 1","pages":"736 - 738"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42026822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-09DOI: 10.1080/13674676.2022.2058479
G. Andrade
ABSTRACT The religion of Maria Lionza in Venezuela includes many healing and possession rituals, where alcohol consumption is frequent. This has contributed to the perception that this religion is uniquely associated with alcoholism and criminality. Those perceptions may be negative stereotypes that are rooted in race and class biases. This study tests the hypothesis that the religion of Maria Lionza is associated with greater alcohol consumption, in a study with 71 participants. The results suggest that marialionceros are at greater risk of developing Alcohol Use Disorders than a control group. However, no statistically significant correlation was found between alcohol consumption and religiosity as a whole, although there is a weak correlation between organisational religious activity and alcohol consumption. A strong negative correlation was found between educational level and alcohol consumption.
{"title":"Correlations of alcohol consumption amongst marialionceros in Venezuela","authors":"G. Andrade","doi":"10.1080/13674676.2022.2058479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2022.2058479","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The religion of Maria Lionza in Venezuela includes many healing and possession rituals, where alcohol consumption is frequent. This has contributed to the perception that this religion is uniquely associated with alcoholism and criminality. Those perceptions may be negative stereotypes that are rooted in race and class biases. This study tests the hypothesis that the religion of Maria Lionza is associated with greater alcohol consumption, in a study with 71 participants. The results suggest that marialionceros are at greater risk of developing Alcohol Use Disorders than a control group. However, no statistically significant correlation was found between alcohol consumption and religiosity as a whole, although there is a weak correlation between organisational religious activity and alcohol consumption. A strong negative correlation was found between educational level and alcohol consumption.","PeriodicalId":47614,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health Religion & Culture","volume":"25 1","pages":"652 - 664"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45908520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}