Canadian Geographer-Geographe Canadien最新文献

To address the prominent “value-action gap” within pro-environmental behaviour, this novel, cross-sectional study investigated relationships between household food wasting and pro-environmentalism. Research was undertaken in 11 neighbourhoods across London, Ontario, Canada, including a net-zero energy neighbourhood. A direct measurement methodology was used to measure household food waste, and a survey was created to measure knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours related to food wasting. Households in the net-zero energy neighbourhood sent between 2.59 kg and 2.80 kg of food waste to landfill per week, of which 68% was classified as avoidable and the remaining 32% as unavoidable. Households in this neighbourhood sent less total (p < 0.001) and unavoidable (p < 0.001) food waste to landfill than households in “regular” neighbourhoods within the same city. While participants in the net-zero neighbourhood had strong, self-reported pro-environmental worldviews, pro-environmentalism was not found to be stronger in this neighbourhood compared to the rest of the city. The presence of stronger, self-reported pro-environmental worldviews was associated with a decrease in unavoidable food waste generation (p < 0.01). As the first study of its kind, further research is needed to verify the role of pro-environmentalism in household food wasting in Canada and beyond.

Freedom of information requests are an important research tool yet receive comparably little methodological scrutiny relative to other methods commonly used by geographers. This article considers two methodological aspects to freedom of information requests. The first is how they operate as “live archives” that take shape as batches of files are compiled in ways that reflect search terms, negotiations over the scope of requests, bureaucratic processes, and considered judgments of researchers in response to variables both within and beyond their control. The second considers how freedom of information requests operate as a political methodology through the encounter they produce with state bureaucracies. Using examples that cut across these concerns and illuminate some of the ways that methodological scrutiny matters, the article discusses how freedom of information requests present overlapping yet distinct concerns for qualitative research on issues of reflexivity, ethics, and positionality. The methodological concerns that arise are not frequently discussed but, as with other methods, are important to understanding the limits and reach of data collection, analysis, and accessibility both for researchers and for the communities who may have interest in, or be impacted by, geographic research.

Newcomers are living and working across rural and smaller communities in Canada. However, immigration research and policy are overwhelmingly focused on large, urban centres. Responding to this knowledge gap, this article presents the results from a scoping review of the Canadian literature on immigration outside of Canada's largest cities. An analysis of 90 studies reveals several key trends in the literature related to the geographic focus and themes addressed. The results of the review demonstrate that the majority of studies focus on regions with a high population density that are in close proximity to major urban centres, thus revealing a gap in knowledge regarding settlement across more rural and northern parts of the country. Issues related to settlement services, employment opportunities, welcoming communities, public policy, infrastructure, and retention and secondary migration were the most addressed themes across the literature and represent the diversity of rural Canada. In response to these findings, we conclude with a discussion of the potential opportunities for future research and policy change.

Straddling the Canada/United States border at its western end is a 67-foot monument symbolizing 200 years of peace between the two countries. Today, it is frequently used as a site for protest against the state. This article analyzes an environmental protest against energy transmission projects through the Salish Sea by Coast Salish Indigenous nations. I argue that the Coast Salish are using the landscape as a political symbol, effectively erasing the international border that separates them. Their presentation as a unified nation succeeds because of their strategic manipulation of political symbols. Drawing primarily on ethnographic methods, this article demonstrates that the choice of the international park as a site of protest serves as an entry point for Indigenous activists to expand the scope of their position; the border is implicated in the creation of emergent political identities that draw on and transform political symbols. The argument is that the materiality of these political symbols is being used by Indigenous nations and their allies and contributes to theoretical work on settler colonialism as it pertains to the creation, deployment, and analysis of political symbols. The use of political symbols in the borderlands illustrates the shifts in a struggle over power and identity and how they manifest in daily life.

This article focuses on urban geography and the neighbourhood-level dynamics of innovation. It explores the contribution of neighbourhoods to supporting innovation. In particular, it seeks to understand, on the one hand, whether and how entrepreneurs use the neighbourhood and places within it to obtain and exchange knowledge, and, on the other hand, the extent to which they reach beyond the neighbourhood, interacting with actors within the urban region and in other regions. From a case study of the Mile End neighbourhood in Montreal, our results reveal that some entrepreneurs interact locally, with the neighbourhood supporting social and economic interactions. For them, third spaces, cafés, sidewalks, as well as the buildings their firms are located in, are places of interaction: these interactions, which combine social and economic dimensions, are one of the neighborhood's main attractions. However, for other respondents the neighbourhood just represents an attractive and central location: for them, key interactions are turned towards the outside.

The shortage of public service workers in northern Indigenous communities presents a twofold problem: how to rapidly hire professionals, often nonindigenous people from the South, and how to ensure that their integration overcomes systemic racism. This paper examines mechanisms that could provide better relationships between nonindigenous people from the South and Innu and Naskapi communities of Quebec's North Shore, especially in the workplace. Interviews were conducted with key figures in the education, health, and social services sectors to shed light on the dynamics of awareness, formation, integration, and retention at the individual, workplace, community, territory, and regional levels. The results highlight the importance of the processes of openness to the northern and Indigenous realities (northernization and indigenization) as an overall way of improving intercultural relationships in Indigenous working places.

Emerging in the mid-1980s, feminist geography has remained on the margins of Quebec's geography, as if it were a minor branch of the discipline. However, after having integrated concerns related to the geography of gender and sexualities, feminist geography expands on and consolidates theoretical, epistemological, and methodological levels by integrating intersectional and decolonial approaches. It is developing to such an extent that it is now legitimate to talk about feminist geographies in Quebec. In fact, by adopting intersectional and decolonial approaches, feminist geographies question the construction of the discourses and body of knowledge constituting the geography of Quebec, which claimed to be universal. In addition, the related analytical tools allow us to revisit established areas of interest such as migration and Indigenous issues, by giving women a voice. By paving the way for the co-construction of knowledge, these approaches promote the visibility of the complexity of power relations and relationships to space of the different population groups living in Quebec. In other words, feminist geographies, by giving voice to women from subaltern social groups such as immigrant and aboriginal women, can help create a geography of emancipation.