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The Social Production of the Dead Human Body in the Practice of Teaching Anatomy Through Cadaveric Dissection 尸体解剖教学实践中人体死亡的社会生产
IF 1.6 3区 社会学 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-25 DOI: 10.1177/13607804231156121
Jennifer L. Burr, Nigel Russell-Sewell
The aim of this study is to explore how the dead human body is socially produced through the practices of those involved in teaching anatomy through cadaveric dissection. The perspectives of anatomists learning to teach offer a novel perspective on the existing literature. The study draws on data from interviews with students and teaching staff involved in practical cadaveric dissection during a UK postgraduate anatomy education programme. Interviews addressed participants’ experiences, reflections, and emotional responses during practical dissection of donor bodies. Findings address five areas: anticipation and the ‘imagined body’, ontology and the latent human, detachment, dissociation, and reconciliation, preparation and intentionality, and gratitude and immortalisation. The findings suggest that during the course of practical dissection sessions, anatomists learn to normalise the transgressive activity of human dissection via processes of reconciliation. The transgressive elements are resolved through the agency of the person once living and through a configuration of the anatomist and the donor body in a network of scientific knowledge, pedagogic practice and personal influence.
本研究的目的是通过尸体解剖教学的实践,探讨死亡的人体是如何被社会生产的。解剖学家学习教学的视角为现有文献提供了一种新的视角。这项研究的数据来自对英国研究生解剖教育项目中涉及实际尸体解剖的学生和教学人员的采访。访谈讨论了参与者在实际解剖捐赠尸体过程中的经历、反思和情绪反应。研究结果涉及五个领域:预期和“想象的身体”,本体论和潜在的人类,分离,分离和和解,准备和意向性,感恩和不朽。研究结果表明,在实际解剖过程中,解剖学家学会了通过和解过程使人体解剖的越界活动正常化。越界的因素是通过曾经活着的人的代理,通过解剖学家和捐赠者的身体在科学知识、教学实践和个人影响的网络中的配置来解决的。
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引用次数: 1
Creating Time for LGBT+ Disabled Youth: Co-production Outside Chrononormativity 为LGBT+残疾青年创造时间:时间规范之外的合作
IF 1.6 3区 社会学 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.1177/13607804231155001
Harvey Humphrey, Edmund Coleman-Fountain
This article explores how ‘chrononormative’ constructions of time shape research and offers an approach to co-production and research involvement that draws on insights from trans, queer, and disability studies. The article presents early reflections on an NIHR School for Social Care–funded research study, approved prior to but developed under the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, investigating personal support, sexuality, and gender in young disabled adults’ lives. This project has been supported by a Participatory Advisory Group (PAG) of LGBT+ young disabled adults and we reflect on how engagement with the PAG has shaped our understanding of debates around time and involvement in co-production discourse. Our engagement with trans, queer, and disability theory allows us to think about the constraints on time that such involvement has pushed against as we have sought to account for the diverse needs of the body-minds of the PAG in pandemic times. We suggest that this may speak to opening up the diversity and accessibility of co-production across other research contexts and intend this piece to encourage these conversations. The article thus offers a critical exploration of themes of time, embodiment, and identity in the way in which co-production is enacted in funded research.
本文探讨了时间的“时间规范”结构如何影响研究,并提供了一种合作制作和研究参与的方法,该方法借鉴了跨性别、酷儿和残疾研究的见解。本文介绍了对国家卫生研究院社会关怀学院资助的一项研究的早期思考,该研究在2019冠状病毒病大流行之前获得批准,但在此背景下开展,调查了年轻残疾成年人生活中的个人支持、性行为和性别。这个项目得到了由LGBT+年轻残疾成年人组成的参与性咨询小组(PAG)的支持,我们反思与PAG的接触如何影响了我们对围绕时间的辩论和参与合作话语的理解。我们对跨性别、酷儿和残疾理论的研究使我们能够思考这种参与对时间的限制,因为我们试图解释PAG在大流行时期身心的不同需求。我们认为,这可能意味着在其他研究背景下开放合作制作的多样性和可及性,并打算通过这篇文章来鼓励这些对话。因此,本文提供了一个关键的探索主题的时间,体现和身份的方式,合作生产是在资助的研究颁布。
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引用次数: 1
Critical Reflections on the COVID-19 Pandemic from the NHS Frontline 从NHS前线对COVID-19大流行的批判性思考
IF 1.6 3区 社会学 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.1177/13607804231156293
Anthony Lloyd, D. Briggs, Anthony Ellis, L. Telford
The COVID-19 pandemic fundamentally changed the way we live, work, and interact with each other. Nowhere was the pandemic more profoundly experienced than on the frontline of healthcare. From overwhelmed Intensive Care Units to shortages of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and clap for carers, the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) became the focal point for the pandemic response. Utilising data from online survey responses (N = 16) complemented by four online interviews and one face-to-face interview (N = 5) with NHS workers primarily during the height of the pandemic, this article offers a preliminary analysis on the challenges the UK’s healthcare workers faced through working in conditions of crisis management. The article particularly addresses NHS workers’ amplification of fear, anxiety, and exhaustion; the absence of widespread solidarity; and implications of the absence of coherent governmental messaging upon the workforce. We situate this discussion within a critical account of neoliberal political economy, the theoretical framework of social harm, and the absence to explicate the harmful conditions of the pandemic’s frontline. While the data are confined to the UK’s NHS workers, its findings are relevant to other countries across the world that enacted similar responses to deal with COVID-19.
新冠肺炎大流行从根本上改变了我们的生活、工作和互动方式。没有什么地方比在医疗保健一线经历的疫情更深刻了。从不堪重负的重症监护室到个人防护装备(PPE)短缺和护理人员鼓掌,英国国家医疗服务体系(NHS)成为应对疫情的焦点。利用在线调查回复中的数据(N = 16) 辅以四次在线访谈和一次面对面访谈(N = 5) 英国国家医疗服务体系的工作人员主要在疫情最严重的时候,本文对英国医护人员在危机管理条件下工作所面临的挑战进行了初步分析。这篇文章特别谈到了NHS工作人员对恐惧、焦虑和疲惫的放大;缺乏广泛的团结;以及缺乏连贯的政府信息对劳动力的影响。我们将这一讨论置于对新自由主义政治经济学、社会危害的理论框架以及缺乏对疫情前线有害条件的解释的批判性描述中。虽然这些数据仅限于英国国家医疗服务体系(NHS)的工作人员,但其研究结果与世界上其他制定了类似应对措施以应对新冠肺炎的国家有关。
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引用次数: 0
The Re-enchantment of Food: An Introduction 《食物的重新魔法:导论
IF 1.6 3区 社会学 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-16 DOI: 10.1177/13607804221128028
J. Coveney
To say that humans have a profound relationship with the food they produce and eat is a mere truism. What is new derives from the recognition that in Western cultures, over time, our deep relationship with food has been replaced by a scientistic version of what we eat, and what we should eat. In many ways, this has dis-enchanted our relationship with food, in that it has rendered food as the sum total of a calculus based on vitamins, minerals, and energy content. The movements that are now growing around food – ethical, plant based, provenance aware – speak to new understandings of food which acknowledge that food is actually more than its sum of parts. These new movements share a common goal and that is to seek a re-enchantment with food. This article, which speaks very much from an anglo-tradition, discusses this ways in which dis- and re-enchantment of food has developed.
说人类与他们生产和食用的食物有着深刻的关系,这完全是不言自明的。在西方文化中,随着时间的推移,我们与食物的深刻关系已经被我们吃什么和我们应该吃什么的科学版本所取代,这一认识是新的。在许多方面,这使我们与食物的关系变得不那么神奇了,因为它把食物变成了基于维生素、矿物质和能量含量的微积分的总和。现在围绕食物的运动——道德的、以植物为基础的、原产地意识的——表明了对食物的新理解,承认食物实际上不仅仅是部分的总和。这些新的运动有一个共同的目标,那就是寻求对食物的重新迷恋。这篇文章从盎格鲁传统出发,讨论了食物的“祛魅”和“复魅”的发展方式。
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引用次数: 0
Cultural Capital in China? Television Tastes and Cultural and Cosmopolitan Distinctions Among Beijing Youth 中国的文化资本?电视品味与北京青年的文化和世界性差异
IF 1.6 3区 社会学 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/13607804221149796
Yang Gao, G. Kuipers
How does television taste function as cultural capital in contemporary China? This study shows how Chinese youth engage with global television fiction to mark their positions in China’s changing social and cultural hierarchies. Using multiple correspondence analysis (N = 422) and interviews (N = 48) with college students in Beijing, we identify three taste dimensions: (1) disengaged versus discerning viewers; (2) TV lovers versus TV dislikers; and (3) ‘Western’ versus ‘Eastern’ TV taste. Dimensions 1 and 3 are cultural capital dimensions; they differ in criteria and type of cultural knowledge used to make distinctions and in connection with economic capital. Highlighting cosmopolitan capital as a distinct form of cultural capital, we analyse shifting global systems of cultural distinction, from a Chinese vantage point. Our analysis expands theories of culture and inequality by showing that (and how) tastes reflect and reinforce social stratification in the previously unexplored Chinese context, but with distinctive Chinese characteristics.
在当代中国,电视品味如何作为文化资本发挥作用?这项研究展示了中国年轻人如何参与全球电视小说,以表明他们在中国不断变化的社会和文化等级中的地位。使用多重对应分析(N = 422)和访谈(N = 48)以北京的大学生为对象,我们确定了三个品味维度:(1)冷漠的观众与挑剔的观众;(2) 电视爱好者与电视厌恶者;以及(3)“西方”与“东方”的电视品味。维度1和维度3是文化资本维度;它们在用于区分的标准和文化知识类型以及与经济资本的联系方面有所不同。强调世界性资本是一种独特的文化资本形式,我们从中国的角度分析了不断变化的全球文化差异体系。我们的分析扩展了文化和不平等的理论,表明品味(以及如何)在以前未被探索的中国背景下反映和加强社会分层,但具有鲜明的中国特色。
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引用次数: 0
Using a Range of Communication Tools to Interview a Hard-to-Reach Population 使用一系列沟通工具采访难以接触的人群
IF 1.6 3区 社会学 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/13607804221142212
Orlanda Harvey, Edwin Roland van Teijlingen, M. Parrish
Online communication tools are increasingly being used by qualitative researchers; hence it is timely to reflect on the differences when using a broad range of data collection methods. Using a case study with a potentially hard-to-reach substance-using population who are often distrustful of researchers, this article explores the use of a variety of different platforms for interviews. It highlights both the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Face-to-face interviews and online videos offer more opportunity to build rapport, but lack anonymity. Live Webchat and audio-only interviews offer a high level of anonymity, but both may incur a loss of non-verbal communication, and in the Webchat a potential loss of personal narrative. This article is intended for sociologists who wish to broaden their methods for conducting research interviews.
定性研究人员越来越多地使用在线交流工具;因此,在使用广泛的数据收集方法时,反思差异是及时的。本文通过对一个可能难以接触到的物质使用人群的案例研究,这些人群往往不信任研究人员,探讨了各种不同平台的采访使用情况。它强调了每种方法的优点和缺点。面对面采访和在线视频提供了更多建立融洽关系的机会,但缺乏匿名性。实时网络聊天和纯音频采访提供了高度的匿名性,但两者都可能导致非语言交流的损失,在网络聊天中也可能导致个人叙述的损失。这篇文章是为那些希望拓宽他们进行研究访谈的方法的社会学家准备的。
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引用次数: 1
Gendered Interaction and Practices of Intimacy Among Emirati Young Spouses: Exploring the Experiences of Wives 阿联酋年轻配偶之间的性别互动与亲密关系实践——对妻子经历的探索
IF 1.6 3区 社会学 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/13607804221148836
Mohammed Abdel Karim Al Hourani
This study aims to explore the practices of intimacy among Emirati spouses in a society where gender discrimination persistently governs the private space of family relationships. Participants include 41 young Emirati working wives aged 24–30 who have jobs and are enrolled in graduate studies and research degrees (PhD and MA). In-depth interviews were used to collect data. Line-by-line coding, thematic coding, and constant comparison method were employed to analyze and interpret data. Analyses revealed seven interrelated categories associated with the gendered practices of intimacy. They were influenced by factors such as the wives’ status, the gap of age, and the wives’ religiosity. These themes are suppressed self-disclosure, restricted self-disclosure of wives, not sharing responsibilities, not sharing time, unequal mutual reciprocity, not solving problems, and not thinking together. Narratives highlighted gendered interaction and low quality of intimacy between spouses. The findings of this study show that empowering women in the public sphere has not impacted their position in the patriarchal structure of the family, which is reproduced by traditions and religious interpretations. This study’s findings can inform social policymakers aiming at bridging empowerment between the public and private spheres.
本研究旨在探索阿联酋配偶在一个性别歧视持续支配家庭关系私人空间的社会中的亲密行为。参与者包括41名年龄在24-30岁之间的年轻阿联酋职业妻子,她们有工作,并攻读研究生和研究学位(博士和硕士)。深入访谈被用来收集数据。采用逐行编码、专题编码和常数比较法对数据进行分析和解释。分析揭示了与性别亲密行为相关的七个相互关联的类别。她们受到妻子地位、年龄差距和宗教信仰等因素的影响。这些主题是压抑的自我揭露,妻子的自我揭露受到限制,不分担责任,不分享时间,不平等的互惠,不解决问题,不共同思考。叙述强调了配偶之间的性别互动和低质量的亲密关系。这项研究的结果表明,在公共领域赋予妇女权力并没有影响她们在父权制家庭结构中的地位,传统和宗教解释再现了这种地位。这项研究的发现可以为旨在弥合公共和私人领域赋权的社会政策制定者提供信息。
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引用次数: 1
Religion and Social Capital: Examining Social Networks and Religious Identification in the UK 宗教与社会资本:考察英国的社会网络与宗教认同
IF 1.6 3区 社会学 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.1177/13607804221141098
Adam Gemar
Recent research into religion’s intersection with social class, specifically in the UK, represents a conspicuous gap in recent scholarly work. I seek in this article to help fill this gap by focusing on the specific element of social capital. Adopting the lesser used lens of Bourdieu, and using a UK-wide survey, I measure various elements of social capital and employ advanced statistical methods to ascertain social capital composition for various groups of religious identity. Results show that the primary difference between religious groups is social network variety. Those who assert multiple religious identities show the highest level of social network variety. Therefore, results suggest that as either a product or cause, it is those asserting multiple religious identities who may possess the greatest amount of aggregate and bridging social capital.
最近对宗教与社会阶层关系的研究,特别是在英国,在最近的学术工作中表现出明显的差距。在本文中,我试图通过关注社会资本的特定元素来帮助填补这一空白。采用较少使用的布迪厄镜头,并使用英国范围内的调查,我测量社会资本的各种要素,并采用先进的统计方法,以确定社会资本构成的各种群体的宗教认同。结果表明,宗教群体之间的主要差异是社会网络的多样性。那些主张多重宗教身份的人表现出最高水平的社会网络多样性。因此,研究结果表明,无论是作为产物还是原因,主张多重宗教身份的人可能拥有最多的总社会资本和桥梁社会资本。
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引用次数: 2
‘Amusing and Fun’, ‘Arresting’, or ‘The Wrong Pictures’? Methodological Lessons from Using Photo-Elicitation in a Study of Academic Retirement “娱乐”、“逮捕”还是“错误的照片”?在学术退休研究中使用照片启发的方法论教训
IF 1.6 3区 社会学 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.1177/13607804221133117
G. Crow
This article reports on the use of photo-elicitation in a mixed methods study of academics’ later careers and retirement. Interviewees, who were either in their later career stage or retired from university work, were asked during the interviews to discuss the resonance that pre-selected images had with their understanding of retirement. Despite reluctance on some participants’ part to engage with the images, the majority took the opportunity to elaborate on themes of time, purpose, trajectories, hopes, and fears, rejecting images that they considered stereotypically negative. The argument is made that photo-elicitation’s pioneers have served subsequent users of the method well by being candid about its challenges as well as its potential and by encouraging creativity and flexibility in its application rather than presenting a set way to proceed. Because research does not always go according to plan, photo-elicitation’s potential for creative and flexible use recommends it to both novice and established practitioners, possibly as a complement to other methods in mixed methods projects.
本文报道了照片启发在学者后期职业生涯和退休生活的混合方法研究中的应用。受访者要么处于职业生涯后期,要么从大学工作中退休,他们在采访中被要求讨论预先选择的图像与他们对退休的理解之间的共鸣。尽管一些参与者不愿参与这些图像,但大多数人还是抓住机会详细阐述了时间、目标、轨迹、希望和恐惧等主题,拒绝接受他们认为刻板负面的图像。有人认为,照片启发的先驱们对该方法的挑战和潜力坦诚相待,并鼓励其应用中的创造性和灵活性,而不是提出一种固定的方法,从而为该方法的后续用户提供了很好的服务。由于研究并不总是按计划进行,照片启发的创造性和灵活使用潜力向新手和资深从业者推荐,可能是对混合方法项目中其他方法的补充。
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引用次数: 0
Stretching the Double Hermeneutic: A Critical Examination of Lay Meanings of ‘Emotional Labour’ 双重解释学的延伸:对“情绪劳动”外义的批判性考察
IF 1.6 3区 社会学 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-14 DOI: 10.1177/13607804221138578
Hana Stulikova, Matt Dawson
This article explores how the concept of emotional labour has moved from sociological into lay discourse as a case study of the double hermeneutic and concept creep, demonstrating the effect sociological concepts can have on lay actors’ understanding of their everyday lives. From an analysis of 41 news and magazine articles about emotional labour, we identify the various meanings the term carries as well as the ideologies and logics that underpin them. The concept has become a tool used to frame discussions around gender inequalities in unpaid work, including housework, emotion work, and providing support. However, the Marxist underpinnings of the original concept have been subverted within a lay discourse that is largely reflective of a liberal feminist and neoliberal ethos.
本文通过对双重解释学和概念蠕变的个案研究,探讨了情感劳动的概念是如何从社会学走向世俗话语的,论证了社会学概念对世俗行动者理解日常生活的影响。通过对41篇关于情感劳动的新闻和杂志文章的分析,我们确定了这个词的各种含义,以及支撑它们的意识形态和逻辑。这一概念已成为围绕无报酬工作中的性别不平等展开讨论的工具,包括家务劳动、情感工作和提供支持。然而,最初概念的马克思主义基础在很大程度上反映了自由女权主义和新自由主义精神的世俗话语中被颠覆了。
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引用次数: 0
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