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Availability and Perceived Importance of High-Impact Practices for Psychology Graduate Program Admission 心理学研究生项目招生中高影响力实践的可用性和认知重要性
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/00986283241235667
Dana Kotter-Grühn, Daniel Grühn
Background: Participation in high-impact practices (HIPs) is related to student success and development. Less is known about whether HIPs can increase students’ chances of getting into graduate school in psychology. High-impact practice participation might be one strategy for students to stand out in the competitive graduate school admission process. Objective: We examined (a) the perceived availability of HIPs and (b) the perceived role that HIP participation plays in psychology graduate program admission success. Method: A total of 81 U.S. psychology professors who are involved in graduate program admission decisions rated the availability, importance, and influence of HIPs and non-HIPs (e.g., GPA) on psychology graduate program admission success. Results: Many HIPs are widely available. Of all HIPs, only undergraduate research was rated as very important and strongly increases admission chances. Participation in honors, writing-intensive courses, and applied experiences slightly increased admission chances. Conclusion: Research continues to be the most beneficial HIP when applying to graduate programs in psychology. Non-HIPs (e.g., grades, letters of recommendation) are more important in graduate program admission than most HIPs. Teaching Implications: Students, academic advisors, and faculty mentors can use the results of this study to align students’ HIP participation with postgraduation goals.
背景:参与高效实践(HIPs)与学生的成功和发展息息相关。至于高影响力实践是否能增加学生进入心理学研究生院的机会,目前还知之甚少。参与高效实践可能是学生在竞争激烈的研究生院录取过程中脱颖而出的一种策略。我们的目标是我们研究了(a)学生对高影响力实践项目的可获得性的认知,以及(b)学生对参与高影响力实践项目在心理学研究生项目录取成功中所起作用的认知。研究方法共有 81 位参与研究生项目录取决策的美国心理学教授对 HIPs 和非 HIPs(如 GPA)的可用性、重要性以及对心理学研究生项目录取成功的影响进行了评分。结果:许多 HIPs 都可以广泛使用。在所有的 HIPs 中,只有本科生研究被评为非常重要,并能极大地增加录取机会。参加荣誉课程、写作密集型课程和应用体验则略微增加了录取机会。结论在申请心理学研究生项目时,研究仍然是最有利的 HIP。与大多数 HIP 相比,非 HIP(如成绩、推荐信)对研究生课程的录取更为重要。教学意义:学生、学术顾问和教师导师可以利用本研究的结果,将学生参与 HIP 的情况与毕业后的目标结合起来。
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引用次数: 0
Teaching Constructive Replications in the Behavioral and Social Sciences Using Quantitative Data 利用定量数据在行为和社会科学领域开展建设性复制教学
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/00986283231219503
Gerrit Bauer, Nate Breznau, Johanna Gereke, Jan H. Höffler, Nicole Janz, R. Rahal, Joachim K. Rennstich, Hannah Soiné
The replication crisis in the behavioral and social sciences spawned a credibility revolution, calling for new open science research practices that ensure greater transparency, including preregistrations, open data and code, and open access. Replications of published research are an important element in this revolution as part of the self-correcting process of scientific knowledge production; however, the teaching value of replications is still underutilized thus far. Pedagogical knowledge points to the value of replication as critical to the scientific method of test and retest. Psychology has already begun mass efforts to reproduce previous experiments. Yet, we have very few examples of how analytical and reanalysis replications, after the data come in, contribute to the reproducibility crisis and can be integrated into undergraduate and graduate courses. Replications with quantitative data can be a pedagogical tool for improving student research method skills and introducing them to best research practices via learning-by-doing. This article aims to start filling this gap by offering guidance to instructors in designing and teaching replications for students at various levels and disciplines in the social and behavioral sciences, including a supplementary teaching companion.
行为科学和社会科学领域的复制危机催生了一场信誉革命,呼吁采取新的开放式科学研究做法,以确保更大的透明度,包括预先注册、开放数据和代码以及开放获取。作为科学知识生产的自我修正过程的一部分,已发表研究成果的复制品是这场革命的重要元素;然而,迄今为止,复制品的教学价值仍未得到充分利用。教学知识表明,复制的价值对于测试和再测试的科学方法至关重要。心理学已经开始大规模复制以前的实验。然而,我们却很少有实例能说明,在获得数据后,分析性复制和再分析性复制如何有助于应对可重复性危机,并将其纳入本科生和研究生课程。利用定量数据进行复制可以作为一种教学工具,提高学生的研究方法技能,并通过边做边学的方式向他们介绍最佳研究实践。本文旨在填补这一空白,为社会科学和行为科学不同年级和学科的教师提供设计和教授复制的指导,包括一个辅助教学工具。
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引用次数: 0
The Testing Effect in the Lecture Hall: Does it Transfer to Content Studied but Not Practiced? 课堂测试效应:它是否会转移到已学习但未练习的内容上?
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1177/00986283231218943
Julia Glaser, Tobias Richter
Practice tests have been shown to be an effective means to foster long-term retention in higher education, at least compared to restudying (i.e., the testing effect). The present study replicated and extended prior research by examining whether and to what extent the positive effects of testing on long-term retention in a typical psychology lecture transfer to content presented only during initial learning (and not practiced). Using a within-subjects design, we alternated post-lecture multiple-choice practice tests and restudying opportunities in two psychology classes ( N = 67). One week after the final lecture session of a cycle of six weekly lecture sessions, retention of learning content was assessed by comparing performance on questions referring to content practiced via testing, encountered via restudying, or unreviewed. We found a testing effect for practiced content, whereas no transfer effect occurred for untested content from the same lecture sessions. These results show that the testing effect is a powerful learning tool, but also suggest a possible boundary condition pertaining only to explicitly tested content. Practice testing should be integrated regularly in higher education courses to foster long-term retention for a final test. However, educators should take care that important content is fully covered in practice tests.
实践证明,在高等教育中,练习测试是促进长期保留的有效手段,至少与重新学习相比是如此(即测试效应)。本研究复制并扩展了之前的研究,考察了在典型的心理学讲座中,测试对长期保留的积极影响是否以及在多大程度上会转移到仅在初始学习时呈现(而非练习)的内容上。在两个心理学班级(67 人)中,我们采用了被试内设计,交替进行课后多项选择练习测试和复习机会。在每周六节课的最后一堂课结束一周后,通过比较学生对通过测试练习过的内容、通过重新学习接触过的内容或未复习过的内容回答问题的成绩,来评估学生对所学内容的保持情况。我们发现,练习过的内容有测试效应,而同一讲座中未测试过的内容则没有迁移效应。这些结果表明,测试效应是一种强大的学习工具,但同时也提出了一个可能的边界条件,即只涉及明确测试过的内容。实践测试应定期纳入高等教育课程,以促进学生对期末测试的长期记忆。不过,教育者应注意在练习测试中充分涵盖重要内容。
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引用次数: 0
Reviewer Acknowledgement 审稿人致谢
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1177/00494755231214881
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引用次数: 0
Improving Information Literacy in Introductory Psychology Through Short, Adaptive Interventions 通过短期适应性干预提高心理学入门课程的信息素养
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-12-03 DOI: 10.1177/00986283231217507
Holly Cross, Alison Downey, Abbie Thompson
The American Psychological Association has identified information literacy as a crucial component to undergraduate education. One major barrier to comprehensive information literacy instruction has been a lack of guidance integrating this into survey courses, particularly with reduced pedagogical resources available. This research evaluates the effectiveness of a scaffolded information literacy curriculum that may be integrated into psychology courses. Students in introductory psychology courses were taught with either an information literacy curriculum or the typical science-focused curriculum. Information literacy knowledge was evaluated using a multiple-choice test. Students who received the specialized curriculum demonstrated significant improvements on an objective information literacy test by the end of the course, while students in the control group did not. Evidence suggests that this easily adaptable information literacy curriculum is effective in meeting psychology information literacy goals, more so than the traditional science-focused curriculum taught in introductory psychology classes. Instructors and faculty should be encouraged to utilize this adaptive curriculum, available on Open Science Framework, as a way of improving information literacy. Other implications, including feasibility and content, are discussed.
美国心理协会认定信息素养是本科教育的重要组成部分。全面信息素养教学的一个主要障碍是缺乏将其纳入调查课程的指导,特别是在现有教学资源减少的情况下。本研究评估了可整合到心理学课程中的脚手架式信息素养课程的有效性。心理学入门课程的学生要么接受信息素养课程,要么接受典型的以科学为重点的课程。信息素养知识采用多项选择测验进行评估。在课程结束时,接受专业课程的学生在客观信息素养测试中表现出显著的进步,而对照组的学生则没有。有证据表明,这种易于适应的信息素养课程在满足心理学信息素养目标方面是有效的,比传统的以科学为中心的心理学入门课程更有效。应鼓励教师和教师利用开放科学框架上提供的适应性课程,作为提高信息素养的一种方式。讨论了其他影响,包括可行性和内容。
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引用次数: 0
The Prevalence of Destigmatization of Mental Health in Undergraduate Psychopathology Courses 大学生精神病理学课程中心理健康去污名化的普遍程度
4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1177/00986283231212939
Jeremy R. Becker, Dana Stiles, Madeline J. Bruce
Objective This study examines psychopathology class syllabi to assess if instructors are explicitly referencing destigmatization in their courses. Method We surveyed N = 31 instructors about their opinions on psychopathology classes being an avenue for redressing mental health stigma and qualitatively analyzed N = 29 syllabi to identify these explicit goals. Results Instructors generally believe these courses should redress stigma, that destigmatization should be a main course objective, and that they personally facilitate these discussions in their class. However, only 17% of syllabi had direct references to reducing stigma in their learning outcomes or course description. Conclusion Principles of undergraduate education implore instructors to thoughtfully integrate diversity, equity, and inclusion into their courses, including sensitive discussion of mental health and illness. We discuss possible reasons for the discrepancy between instructors’ voiced objectives and what is listed in their syllabi and offer ideas to make redressing stigma a more salient goal. Teaching Implications Given the themes of psychopathology courses, these instructors are in a unique position to redress stigma regarding mental health. To make an instructor's goal of destigmatization salient, we implore them to list such goals in their syllabi, which our research found was not common.
目的本研究检视精神病理学课程的教学大纲,以评估教师是否在其课程中明确提及去污名化。方法对N = 31名教师进行问卷调查,了解他们对精神病理学课程作为纠正心理健康污名的途径的看法,并对N = 29个教学大纲进行定性分析,以确定这些明确的目标。教师普遍认为这些课程应该纠正污名,去污名化应该是一个主要的课程目标,他们个人在课堂上促进这些讨论。然而,只有17%的教学大纲直接提到在他们的学习成果或课程描述中减少耻辱。本科教育原则要求教师将多样性、公平性和包容性融入到课程中,包括对心理健康和疾病的敏感讨论。我们讨论了教师表达的目标与教学大纲中列出的目标之间存在差异的可能原因,并提供了一些想法,使纠正耻辱成为一个更突出的目标。鉴于精神病理学课程的主题,这些教师在纠正关于心理健康的污名方面处于独特的地位。为了突出教师去污名化的目标,我们恳请他们在教学大纲中列出这些目标,我们的研究发现这并不常见。
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引用次数: 0
Using Debriefing as a Tool to Enhance the Educational Value of Undergraduate Research Participation 以汇报为工具提升大学生科研参与的教育价值
4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1177/00986283231211535
Maureen K. Flynn, Michael J. Bordieri
Background Limited research exists on enhancing the educational value of research participation among undergraduate research participants. Objective The aim of the current studies was to examine the impact of extended debriefings and incentives on actual learning and perceptions of research participation. Method Three undergraduate samples were recruited from introductory psychology courses. A total of 943 students participated across the three studies by completing a series of assessments online. Results Findings from this series of studies suggest that extended video debriefings, especially when combined with instructions that incentivize attending to debriefing content, may be an effective tool to increase the educational value of undergraduate research participation. Conclusion Extended debriefings and incentives may enhance learning associated with research participation among undergraduates. Teaching Implications Psychology departments could consider using extended debriefings and incentives to enhance learning and quizzes to assess learning outcomes associated with research participation.
背景如何提高大学生科研参与的教育价值,目前的研究还比较有限。当前研究的目的是检查延长汇报和激励对实际学习和研究参与的看法的影响。方法从心理学导论课程的本科生中抽取3名样本。共有943名学生通过完成一系列在线评估参与了这三项研究。结果本系列研究的结果表明,延长的视频汇报,特别是当与激励参加汇报内容的指示相结合时,可能是提高大学生参与研究的教育价值的有效工具。结论长时间的汇报和激励可以促进大学生参与研究的学习。教学启示心理学系可以考虑使用扩展的汇报和激励措施来加强学习,并通过测验来评估与研究参与相关的学习成果。
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引用次数: 0
Integrating Critical Content into an Undergraduate Research Methods Course to Support Student Learning Outcomes 将关键内容整合到本科研究方法课程中,以支持学生的学习成果
4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.1177/00986283231206487
Christine Calderon, Jarrod C. Hines
Background Undergraduate students have reported low utility for research. Drawing from the literature about motivation and culturally relevant and responsive education, we framed psychological research methods as a social justice tool to enhance learners’ understanding of racial inequality and valuing of course content. Objective Two instructors infused critical methods content throughout their undergraduate psychological research methods courses to increase students’ perceptions of systemic racism in research, multicultural perspective taking, and motivation toward the course. Method Undergraduate students’ attitudes were measured at the beginning and end of the semester using an anonymous online survey. The critical research methods content was integrated throughout the semester. Results Effect sizes provided marginal support for increased awareness of systemic racism in research and multicultural perspective-taking. Results also indicated that students who more strongly perceived research as a social justice strategy reported greater valuing of research, and those who perceived higher value reported greater intentions to pursue research in the future. Conclusion Results provide proof of concept for critical methods content in facilitating undergraduate students’ critical awareness and engagement with psychological research methods. Teaching Implications Teachers can utilize critical content to support students’ critical engagement and goal setting within their learning contexts.
据报道,大学生的研究效用较低。根据有关动机和文化相关和响应性教育的文献,我们将心理学研究方法框架为社会正义工具,以增强学习者对种族不平等的理解和对课程内容的重视。两名教师在本科心理学研究方法课程中注入批判方法内容,以增加学生对研究中的系统性种族主义的认识,多元文化视角的采用,以及对课程的动力。方法采用匿名在线调查的方式,在学期初和学期末对大学生的态度进行调查。关键研究方法的内容贯穿整个学期。结果效应量为提高研究中对系统性种族主义的认识和多元文化视角的采用提供了边际支持。结果还表明,那些更强烈地认为研究是一种社会正义策略的学生报告了更大的研究价值,而那些认为更高价值的学生报告了更大的未来从事研究的意图。结论研究结果为批判性方法内容在促进大学生批判性意识和参与心理学研究方法方面提供了概念证明。教师可以利用批判性内容来支持学生在学习环境中的批判性参与和目标设定。
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引用次数: 0
Do Psychology Students Believe Mental Health Myths more than Medical Students? A Response from the United Arab Emirates 心理学学生比医学院学生更相信心理健康神话吗?阿拉伯联合酋长国的回应
4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-24 DOI: 10.1177/00986283231202717
Gabriel Andrade, Dalia Bedewy, Eid G. Abo Hamza
Background Previous work has been done on assessing how much psychology students believe myths, as compared to the general population. This study focuses on the mental health myths discussed in the book 50 Great Myths of Popular Psychology. Objective This study seeks to investigate if Medicinae Baccalaureus, Baccalaureus Chirurgiae (MBBS, Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) students are more likely than psychology students to accept mental health myths. Methods One hundred and two MBBS students and 209 psychology students at a university in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) were compared in their level of adherence to mental health myths. The measure was based on Lilienfeld et al.'s list of myths focused on mental health, and the comparison was done with a Mann-Whitney test. Results Psychology students came out with greater levels of acceptance of mental health myths. In both groups, the most believed myth pertained to Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Conclusion In the UAE, students from both MBBS and psychology programs are prone to accepting mental health myths. The lower adherence to mental health myths amongst MBBS students may be due to stricter admissions policies. Teaching implications In the UAE, both MBBS and psychology programs must target efforts in expanding the critical thinking abilities of students, to dispel mental health myths.
之前的研究工作是评估心理学专业的学生与普通大众相比,有多少人相信神话。本研究的重点是在《大众心理学的50个伟大神话》一书中讨论的心理健康神话。目的探讨医学学士、外科学士(MBBS, Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery)专业学生是否比心理学专业学生更容易接受心理健康误区。方法比较阿拉伯联合酋长国某大学102名MBBS学生和209名心理学专业学生的心理健康神话依从性水平。这项测量是基于Lilienfeld等人的关于心理健康的神话列表,并通过曼-惠特尼测试进行比较。结果心理学专业的学生对心理健康神话的接受程度更高。在两组中,人们最相信的神话都与创伤后应激障碍有关。在阿联酋,MBBS和心理学专业的学生都倾向于接受心理健康神话。MBBS学生对心理健康神话的坚持程度较低可能是由于更严格的招生政策。在阿联酋,MBBS和心理学课程都必须努力拓展学生的批判性思维能力,以消除心理健康的神话。
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引用次数: 0
Obituary for Michael Wertheimer Michael Wertheimer的讣告
4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1177/00986283231200238
William Douglas Woody
{"title":"Obituary for Michael Wertheimer","authors":"William Douglas Woody","doi":"10.1177/00986283231200238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00986283231200238","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47708,"journal":{"name":"Teaching of Psychology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135552555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Teaching of Psychology
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