This paper deals with Anne Tyler (1941) one of the most prolific American writer. Tyler’s Breathing Lessons is the eleventh novel, and the novel won a Pulitzer Prize in 1989. The novel is published in 1988. In this paper a study is undertaken to investigate the use of novel of manners in Anne Tyler’s Breathing Lessons. The novel contains a high dramatic plot than any exciting plot found in any thriller movie. The significance of Breathing Lessons is that it depicts the life of Maggie and her husband, Ira, an American couple and who are middle aged. This family maintains their complex relationship and individual personalities during the twenty eight years of their marriage. The theme of American modern family dynamics is the central theme of the novel Breathing Lessons. Within the limits of this topic, Ann Tyler emphasizes that the identity of the individual and his initial sense of it is derived from his relationship with his family.
{"title":"The novel of manners in Anne Tyler’s Breathing Lessons","authors":"Khitam Kamil Mubdir, Sahar Abdul Ameer Haraj","doi":"10.55384/2790-4237.1287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55384/2790-4237.1287","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with Anne Tyler (1941) one of the most prolific American writer. Tyler’s Breathing Lessons is the eleventh novel, and the novel won a Pulitzer Prize in 1989. The novel is published in 1988. In this paper a study is undertaken to investigate the use of novel of manners in Anne Tyler’s Breathing Lessons. The novel contains a high dramatic plot than any exciting plot found in any thriller movie. The significance of Breathing Lessons is that it depicts the life of Maggie and her husband, Ira, an American couple and who are middle aged. This family maintains their complex relationship and individual personalities during the twenty eight years of their marriage. The theme of American modern family dynamics is the central theme of the novel Breathing Lessons. Within the limits of this topic, Ann Tyler emphasizes that the identity of the individual and his initial sense of it is derived from his relationship with his family.","PeriodicalId":477298,"journal":{"name":"Journal of STEPS for humanities and social sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135947453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research aimed to identify the degree of development of proactive personalities among adolescent students and youth in the city of Tikrit who represent ages (15-17-19-21) years, according to the variables of age and gender, and to identify the significance of statistical differences between them, and to reveal the degree of perceived positive attitudes towards life they have. As well as a statement of the nature of the correlation between the variables of the current research. The research sample included (200) adolescents and young men from secondary and university students, females and males equally between them, and they were chosen according to the stratified random method, and in order to achieve the objectives of the research, the two researchers modified the scale of both (Hamid Al-Maghmouri, 2019) to measure proactive personalities, and the scale of (Saleh, 2020) To measure perceived positive attitudes towards life, the validity and reliability of the two tools were extracted. The results revealed the existence of an evolutionary path for the proactive personalities of adolescents and young adults, who represent the ages covered by the research, and that all students have perceived positive attitudes towards life, as well as the emergence of a positive correlation between the variables of the current research. It is possible to benefit from the current research in directing the attention of educational and psychological counselors in promoting training and counseling programs for proactive personalities and positive directions towards life among adolescents and youth.
{"title":"Anticipatory personalities and their relationship to perceived positive attitudes among secondary and university students in the city of Tikrit. An evolutionary descriptive study","authors":"Rana Zuhair Fadel Muhammad, Faisal Rizej Hamdi","doi":"10.55384/2790-4237.1256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55384/2790-4237.1256","url":null,"abstract":"The research aimed to identify the degree of development of proactive personalities among adolescent students and youth in the city of Tikrit who represent ages (15-17-19-21) years, according to the variables of age and gender, and to identify the significance of statistical differences between them, and to reveal the degree of perceived positive attitudes towards life they have. As well as a statement of the nature of the correlation between the variables of the current research. The research sample included (200) adolescents and young men from secondary and university students, females and males equally between them, and they were chosen according to the stratified random method, and in order to achieve the objectives of the research, the two researchers modified the scale of both (Hamid Al-Maghmouri, 2019) to measure proactive personalities, and the scale of (Saleh, 2020) To measure perceived positive attitudes towards life, the validity and reliability of the two tools were extracted. The results revealed the existence of an evolutionary path for the proactive personalities of adolescents and young adults, who represent the ages covered by the research, and that all students have perceived positive attitudes towards life, as well as the emergence of a positive correlation between the variables of the current research. It is possible to benefit from the current research in directing the attention of educational and psychological counselors in promoting training and counseling programs for proactive personalities and positive directions towards life among adolescents and youth.","PeriodicalId":477298,"journal":{"name":"Journal of STEPS for humanities and social sciences","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135947547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of the harvest strategy on the development of natural intelligence in female students in the fifth literary grade of geography. Experts and arbitrators. The researcher selected Al-Ghassaneh High School for Girls and Al-Zawraa High School for Girls in the Dhuluiya District Center of the General Directorate of Education in Salah Al-Din Governorate as a sample for the application of his research for the academic year (2020-2021), and it consisted of (60) female students, with (30) students in Al-Ghasaneh High School For females, who represent the experimental group and study using the harvest technique, and (30) pupils at Al-Zawraa Secondary School for girls who represent the control group and study using the traditional method After statistically analyzing the results, the researcher concluded that there are statistically significant differences in the average scores of the students in the two research groups on the scale of natural intelligence in favor of the experimental group, and a number of recommendations and suggestions were presented based on the researcher's findings.
{"title":"The impact of the harvest strategy on the development of natural intelligence among fifth grade students in the geography subject","authors":"Shereef Dhari Khalf","doi":"10.55384/2790-4237.1267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55384/2790-4237.1267","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of the harvest strategy on the development of natural intelligence in female students in the fifth literary grade of geography. Experts and arbitrators. The researcher selected Al-Ghassaneh High School for Girls and Al-Zawraa High School for Girls in the Dhuluiya District Center of the General Directorate of Education in Salah Al-Din Governorate as a sample for the application of his research for the academic year (2020-2021), and it consisted of (60) female students, with (30) students in Al-Ghasaneh High School For females, who represent the experimental group and study using the harvest technique, and (30) pupils at Al-Zawraa Secondary School for girls who represent the control group and study using the traditional method After statistically analyzing the results, the researcher concluded that there are statistically significant differences in the average scores of the students in the two research groups on the scale of natural intelligence in favor of the experimental group, and a number of recommendations and suggestions were presented based on the researcher's findings.","PeriodicalId":477298,"journal":{"name":"Journal of STEPS for humanities and social sciences","volume":"920 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135947557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maad Salih Fayyadh, Abrar Mahdi Hameed, Majid Mijwil Sabea
The present research aims to identify (the impact of the strategy of participatory reading in the acquisition of rhetorical concepts among students of the fifth grade literary and the development of scientific research). The number of students of the study sample (70) students, distributed to two experimental and control groups (35) students in each group and studied the experimental group students according to the strategy of participatory reading, while the students of the control group studied according to the usual method. The students of the experimental and control groups were rewarded in variables: (ages in months and in the tribal scientific survey scale. The researcher prepared a test of the acquisition of rhetorical concepts consisting of (36) items of multiple choice type, (each concept had three levels of objectives: definition, discrimination, application) and verify the validity and reliability, as well as conducting statistical analyzes of its paragraphs, the researcher also prepared a measure for scientific survey According to the Campbell Scale (1971, Campbell), translated by Ayesh Zaytoun (1996), it may be composed of seven groups and included (36) paragraphs and verified its validity and consistency. (9) Developed a daily teaching plan for the experimental group and the same officer. In accordance with the steps of the strategy of participatory reading and teaching plans of the curriculum. The group of officers according to the usual method. The experiment was applied in the first semester of the academic year (2020-2021). Data were treated statistically using t-test of two independent and interrelated samples. The results showed that the experimental group studied according to the participatory reading strategy was superior to their peers in the control group which was studied in the usual method of testing the acquisition of rhetorical concepts. In the light of the results of the research, the researcher has drawn a number of conclusions, recommendations and proposals.
{"title":"The impact of the strategy of participatory reading in the acquisition of rhetorical concepts among students of the fifth grade literary and the development of scientific research","authors":"Maad Salih Fayyadh, Abrar Mahdi Hameed, Majid Mijwil Sabea","doi":"10.55384/2790-4237.1265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55384/2790-4237.1265","url":null,"abstract":"The present research aims to identify (the impact of the strategy of participatory reading in the acquisition of rhetorical concepts among students of the fifth grade literary and the development of scientific research). The number of students of the study sample (70) students, distributed to two experimental and control groups (35) students in each group and studied the experimental group students according to the strategy of participatory reading, while the students of the control group studied according to the usual method. The students of the experimental and control groups were rewarded in variables: (ages in months and in the tribal scientific survey scale. The researcher prepared a test of the acquisition of rhetorical concepts consisting of (36) items of multiple choice type, (each concept had three levels of objectives: definition, discrimination, application) and verify the validity and reliability, as well as conducting statistical analyzes of its paragraphs, the researcher also prepared a measure for scientific survey According to the Campbell Scale (1971, Campbell), translated by Ayesh Zaytoun (1996), it may be composed of seven groups and included (36) paragraphs and verified its validity and consistency. (9) Developed a daily teaching plan for the experimental group and the same officer. In accordance with the steps of the strategy of participatory reading and teaching plans of the curriculum. The group of officers according to the usual method. The experiment was applied in the first semester of the academic year (2020-2021). Data were treated statistically using t-test of two independent and interrelated samples. The results showed that the experimental group studied according to the participatory reading strategy was superior to their peers in the control group which was studied in the usual method of testing the acquisition of rhetorical concepts. In the light of the results of the research, the researcher has drawn a number of conclusions, recommendations and proposals.","PeriodicalId":477298,"journal":{"name":"Journal of STEPS for humanities and social sciences","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135947556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alaa Jassim Mohammed, Saif Rasheed Ghanim, Al_Yakthan Ali Salih, Ayat Ali Salih, Maysa Khaled Ahmed
To identify the effect of complex training on some physical, functional and biochemical variables for hall football players. Participants: The study was conducted on the (20) players of the Tikrit University football team in halls for the season 2020-2021. The researchers used the experimental method using the experimental design for one group. By measurement (before-after) due to its suitability to the nature and objective of the research. The researchers conducted a number of physical tests and selected functional and biochemical measurements that are commensurate with the age and gender of the research sample before the start of the training program. Before and after, it was concluded that the proposed training program in the compound training method has an effective effect in developing the physical, functional and biochemical abilities of football players in the halls.
{"title":"The effect of a proposed training program with a compound training method on some physical, functional and biochemical variables for futsal football players","authors":"Alaa Jassim Mohammed, Saif Rasheed Ghanim, Al_Yakthan Ali Salih, Ayat Ali Salih, Maysa Khaled Ahmed","doi":"10.55384/2790-4237.1247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55384/2790-4237.1247","url":null,"abstract":"To identify the effect of complex training on some physical, functional and biochemical variables for hall football players. Participants: The study was conducted on the (20) players of the Tikrit University football team in halls for the season 2020-2021. The researchers used the experimental method using the experimental design for one group. By measurement (before-after) due to its suitability to the nature and objective of the research. The researchers conducted a number of physical tests and selected functional and biochemical measurements that are commensurate with the age and gender of the research sample before the start of the training program. Before and after, it was concluded that the proposed training program in the compound training method has an effective effect in developing the physical, functional and biochemical abilities of football players in the halls.","PeriodicalId":477298,"journal":{"name":"Journal of STEPS for humanities and social sciences","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136042199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper deals with Anne Tyler (1941) one of the most prolific American writer. Tyler’s Breathing Lessons is the eleventh novel, and the novel won a Pulitzer Prize in 1989. The novel is published in 1988. In this paper a study is undertaken to investigate the use of novel of manners in Anne Tyler’s Breathing Lessons. The novel contains a high dramatic plot than any exciting plot found in any thriller movie. The significance of Breathing Lessons is that it depicts the life of Maggie and her husband, Ira, an American couple and who are middle aged. This family maintains their complex relationship and individual personalities during the twenty eight years of their marriage. The theme of American modern family dynamics is the central theme of the novel Breathing Lessons. Within the limits of this topic, Ann Tyler emphasizes that the identity of the individual and his initial sense of it is derived from his relationship with his family.
{"title":"The novel of manners in Anne Tyler’s Breathing Lessons","authors":"Khitam Kamil Mubdir, Sahar Abdul Ameer Haraj","doi":"10.55384/2790-4237.1249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55384/2790-4237.1249","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with Anne Tyler (1941) one of the most prolific American writer. Tyler’s Breathing Lessons is the eleventh novel, and the novel won a Pulitzer Prize in 1989. The novel is published in 1988. In this paper a study is undertaken to investigate the use of novel of manners in Anne Tyler’s Breathing Lessons. The novel contains a high dramatic plot than any exciting plot found in any thriller movie. The significance of Breathing Lessons is that it depicts the life of Maggie and her husband, Ira, an American couple and who are middle aged. This family maintains their complex relationship and individual personalities during the twenty eight years of their marriage. The theme of American modern family dynamics is the central theme of the novel Breathing Lessons. Within the limits of this topic, Ann Tyler emphasizes that the identity of the individual and his initial sense of it is derived from his relationship with his family.","PeriodicalId":477298,"journal":{"name":"Journal of STEPS for humanities and social sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136042200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Andalusian poetry, oppression was an artistic phenomenon, its motives were numerous, and its causes were colored by the colors of its causes and the feelings of its owners. This research represents the endeavor to trace the social motives of this phenomenon, by revealing its dimensions and connotations in the souls of its creators from the Andalusian poets, those whose sense of oppression stifled their lives. So that strength becomes with him the first condition for a life worthy of humanity of man. The research is extracted from the doctoral thesis tagged (Conqueror in Andalusian entitled era of Bani al-Ahmar (635 AH - 798AH) - an analytical study -). The research was based on a preface and two topics: The first: ethnic and religious diversity, which began to form a real conflict on the land of Andalusia. It is an ideological conflict sponsored by the Christians and lit up by the Jews. It is not surprising to see these people trying to pour all their hatred against the sanctities of the nation and the places of its honor and glory. The second: Injustice and prisons and how they reflected on the poet’s life psychologically and intellectually and on the nature of the place’s relationship with artistic creativity, and the extent of his ability to explode the poet’s feelings and deepen his oppression. Then the conclusion and the findings of the research.
{"title":"The social motives of oppression in Andalusian poetry (the era of Beni al-Ahmar)","authors":"Jumaa Hussein Youssef, Muhammad Hamid Abdullah","doi":"10.55384/2790-4237.1252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55384/2790-4237.1252","url":null,"abstract":"In Andalusian poetry, oppression was an artistic phenomenon, its motives were numerous, and its causes were colored by the colors of its causes and the feelings of its owners. This research represents the endeavor to trace the social motives of this phenomenon, by revealing its dimensions and connotations in the souls of its creators from the Andalusian poets, those whose sense of oppression stifled their lives. So that strength becomes with him the first condition for a life worthy of humanity of man. The research is extracted from the doctoral thesis tagged (Conqueror in Andalusian entitled era of Bani al-Ahmar (635 AH - 798AH) - an analytical study -). The research was based on a preface and two topics: The first: ethnic and religious diversity, which began to form a real conflict on the land of Andalusia. It is an ideological conflict sponsored by the Christians and lit up by the Jews. It is not surprising to see these people trying to pour all their hatred against the sanctities of the nation and the places of its honor and glory. The second: Injustice and prisons and how they reflected on the poet’s life psychologically and intellectually and on the nature of the place’s relationship with artistic creativity, and the extent of his ability to explode the poet’s feelings and deepen his oppression. Then the conclusion and the findings of the research.","PeriodicalId":477298,"journal":{"name":"Journal of STEPS for humanities and social sciences","volume":"478 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136042203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research aims to know the effect of the cluster umbrella strategy on achievement and development of harmonious thinking among fourth-grade literary students in Islamic education. Division (A) represents the experimental group that is taught according to the umbrella cluster strategy, and Division (B) represents the control group that is taught according to the usual method. The researcher has prepared a test to measure harmonic thinking and a test for dimensional achievement. The researcher used the following statistical methods: (t-test for two independent samples, t-test for two correlated samples, and Pearson correlation coefficient). After analyzing the results statistically, the researcher concluded that there are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the students of the two research groups in the dimensional harmonic thinking test, in favor of the experimental group, and through the result reached by the researcher, a number of recommendations were presented, including and proposals.
{"title":"The effect of the cluster umbrella strategy on the achievement of fourth-grade literary students in Islamic education and the development of their consensual thinking","authors":"Idan Attia Samh","doi":"10.55384/2790-4237.1251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55384/2790-4237.1251","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to know the effect of the cluster umbrella strategy on achievement and development of harmonious thinking among fourth-grade literary students in Islamic education. Division (A) represents the experimental group that is taught according to the umbrella cluster strategy, and Division (B) represents the control group that is taught according to the usual method. The researcher has prepared a test to measure harmonic thinking and a test for dimensional achievement. The researcher used the following statistical methods: (t-test for two independent samples, t-test for two correlated samples, and Pearson correlation coefficient). After analyzing the results statistically, the researcher concluded that there are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the students of the two research groups in the dimensional harmonic thinking test, in favor of the experimental group, and through the result reached by the researcher, a number of recommendations were presented, including and proposals.","PeriodicalId":477298,"journal":{"name":"Journal of STEPS for humanities and social sciences","volume":"270 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136042202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to identify mandalas or mandalas (Sanskrit) are a group of symbols used by Hindus and Buddhists to express the image of the metaphysical universe, and the word “mandala” in Sanskrit means circle or disk, and it is now common that “mandala” has become a general term for any A chart, table or geometric pattern that presents the universe by means of 'metaphysics' or 'symbols'. The term circle was reached with the seed that revolves around the nucleus or in its large and enormous shape, as in the rotation of the planets around the sun. All these systems are a type of mandala. "Nabil Al-Husseini" defined it as the symbol of the universe for Hindus, Buddhists and some eastern religions, and it is often in the form of a circle encircling a square written on each side of the name of the god quality management, which is the human element that should be qualified to lead that process. And geometric shapes are often stationed inside this circle.. The fun stage comes in which your creativity takes off, where you start engraving geometric shapes according to your desire, and you will find that the circles and lines that you identified first will help and comfort you a lot during the drawing process. As for the coloring stage, it is the most enjoyable of all stages, and I like it , since you become the title of your painting after coloring, do not be surprised if I tell you that if we presented the same uncolored painting to different people, and then each one of them colored it, the results would have been impressive. with its decorations as well, because every person has a vision, a taste, and a psychological state, And a special view of life, which you find clearly reflected on the artistic painting comes the fun stage in which your creativity takes off where you start engraving geometric shapes according to your desire, and you will find that the circles and lines that you identified first will help and comfort you a lot during the drawing process. Since you become the title of your painting after coloring, do not be surprised if I tell you that if we presented the same non-colored painting to different people, and then each one of them colored it, the results would have been impressive. Also, because every person has a vision, a taste, a psychological state, and a special view of life, which you find clearly reflected on the painting.
{"title":"The rule of mandala art in Islamic jurisprudence","authors":"Yasser Adnan Hassan, Jinan Shaker Ali","doi":"10.55384/2790-4237.1248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55384/2790-4237.1248","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to identify mandalas or mandalas (Sanskrit) are a group of symbols used by Hindus and Buddhists to express the image of the metaphysical universe, and the word “mandala” in Sanskrit means circle or disk, and it is now common that “mandala” has become a general term for any A chart, table or geometric pattern that presents the universe by means of 'metaphysics' or 'symbols'. The term circle was reached with the seed that revolves around the nucleus or in its large and enormous shape, as in the rotation of the planets around the sun. All these systems are a type of mandala. \"Nabil Al-Husseini\" defined it as the symbol of the universe for Hindus, Buddhists and some eastern religions, and it is often in the form of a circle encircling a square written on each side of the name of the god quality management, which is the human element that should be qualified to lead that process. And geometric shapes are often stationed inside this circle.. The fun stage comes in which your creativity takes off, where you start engraving geometric shapes according to your desire, and you will find that the circles and lines that you identified first will help and comfort you a lot during the drawing process. As for the coloring stage, it is the most enjoyable of all stages, and I like it , since you become the title of your painting after coloring, do not be surprised if I tell you that if we presented the same uncolored painting to different people, and then each one of them colored it, the results would have been impressive. with its decorations as well, because every person has a vision, a taste, and a psychological state, And a special view of life, which you find clearly reflected on the artistic painting comes the fun stage in which your creativity takes off where you start engraving geometric shapes according to your desire, and you will find that the circles and lines that you identified first will help and comfort you a lot during the drawing process. Since you become the title of your painting after coloring, do not be surprised if I tell you that if we presented the same non-colored painting to different people, and then each one of them colored it, the results would have been impressive. Also, because every person has a vision, a taste, a psychological state, and a special view of life, which you find clearly reflected on the painting.","PeriodicalId":477298,"journal":{"name":"Journal of STEPS for humanities and social sciences","volume":"476 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136042208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaymaa Nazar Aljarah, Abdul Razzaq Yassin Abdullah
In light of the nature of the methodological study of Engineering departments colleges, which is characterized by difficulty and accumulation of knowledge, the researchers stated that the students in their departments, including the computer department, suffer from difficulty in adapting and adjusting to its subjects, which generates a cognitive burden on them in all its forms as a result of the gap between preparatory school and university lectures, and this is a situation the researchers hypothesis questioning: What is the nature of the relationship between the patterns of cognitive burden and the gender variable to achieve this, the aim of the study is to identify the patterns of the level of cognitive burden among students of the College of Engineering, Computer Department, and then its relationship to the gender variable. Therefore, the importance of this study lies in giving a perception to the teaching staff of the computer department about the cognitive burdens that are generated by their students and thinking about developing solutions through modern teaching strategies. The sample of the study was (60) male and female students from the first stage in the Computer Department / College of Engineering / University of Mosul for the academic year (2022-2021). To achieve the goal of the study and answer its questions, the researchers relied on the cognitive burden scale prepared by Al feel [1] and consisting of (16) paragraphs distributed on three dimensions of the cognitive burden (intrinsic, intrusive, closely related). Using alphacronach equation. After that, the researchers applied the scale to the individuals of the study sample and then analyzed the data statistically "using the ordinal mean, the t-test for two independent samples, and the Point-Passerial correlation coefficient. The results indicated
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