ABSTRACT When a firm is accused of serious misconduct, its executives, even those who are nonculpable, are stigmatized by the firm's stakeholders, a phenomenon known as courtesy stigma. One research stream explores how executives’ social networks mitigate courtesy stigma, with an emphasis on the positive effect of social networks. From the perspective of a social network as an information pipe, we suggest that social networks are a double-edged sword in the context of courtesy stigma because of their distinctive insulation and exposure mechanisms. Our proposed hypotheses are supported via event history analysis using data collected from a Chinese sample of listed firms that demonstrated financial misconduct in the period 2007–2016. Our study contributes to the literature on social networks and courtesy stigma by revealing their complex links. 摘要 连带污名效应是指当一个企业发生严重的违规事件之后，企业的无责高管也会被利益相关者污名化。管理学界已经开始研究高管的社会网络是如何弱化连带污名效应，但主要强调社会网络在连带污名效应中的积极作用，而对社会网络的负面作用关注不够。基于社会网络的信息管道视角，我们提出两种新的社会关系：开环关系和闭环关系，并认为这两种社会关系在连带污名效应中有“双刃剑”的作用。为验证理论，本文采用事件分析方法分析了中国上市企业2007-2016年的财务违规数据。结果发现，公司违规被发现后，高管的开环关系可以通过绝缘机制帮助削弱污名化，但其闭环关系却会通过曝光机制放大污名化。本研究揭示了社会网络在连带污名效应中的复杂作用机制。
ABSTRACT When a firm is accused of serious misconduct, its executives, even those who are nonculpable, are stigmatized by the firm's stakeholders, a phenomenon known as courtesy stigma. One research stream explores how executives’ social networks mitigate courtesy stigma, with an emphasis on the positive effect of social networks. From the perspective of a social network as an information pipe, we suggest that social networks are a double-edged sword in the context of courtesy stigma because of their distinctive insulation and exposure mechanisms. Our proposed hypotheses are supported via event history analysis using data collected from a Chinese sample of listed firms that demonstrated financial misconduct in the period 2007–2016. Our study contributes to the literature on social networks and courtesy stigma by revealing their complex links. 摘要 连带污名效应是指当一个企业发生严重的违规事件之后，企业的无责高管也会被利益相关者污名化。管理学界已经开始研究高管的社会网络是如何弱化连带污名效应，但主要强调社会网络在连带污名效应中的积极作用，而对社会网络的负面作用关注不够。基于社会网络的信息管道视角，我们提出两种新的社会关系：开环关系和闭环关系，并认为这两种社会关系在连带污名效应中有“双刃剑”的作用。为验证理论，本文采用事件分析方法分析了中国上市企业2007-2016年的财务违规数据。结果发现，公司违规被发现后，高管的开环关系可以通过绝缘机制帮助削弱污名化，但其闭环关系却会通过曝光机制放大污名化。本研究揭示了社会网络在连带污名效应中的复杂作用机制。
{"title":"Not All Types of Social Networks Are Good: The Dual Effects of Social Networks on Courtesy Stigma","authors":"Longwei Tian, P. Li, E. Xie, Yuan Li","doi":"10.1017/mor.2021.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mor.2021.71","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT When a firm is accused of serious misconduct, its executives, even those who are nonculpable, are stigmatized by the firm's stakeholders, a phenomenon known as courtesy stigma. One research stream explores how executives’ social networks mitigate courtesy stigma, with an emphasis on the positive effect of social networks. From the perspective of a social network as an information pipe, we suggest that social networks are a double-edged sword in the context of courtesy stigma because of their distinctive insulation and exposure mechanisms. Our proposed hypotheses are supported via event history analysis using data collected from a Chinese sample of listed firms that demonstrated financial misconduct in the period 2007–2016. Our study contributes to the literature on social networks and courtesy stigma by revealing their complex links. 摘要 连带污名效应是指当一个企业发生严重的违规事件之后，企业的无责高管也会被利益相关者污名化。管理学界已经开始研究高管的社会网络是如何弱化连带污名效应，但主要强调社会网络在连带污名效应中的积极作用，而对社会网络的负面作用关注不够。基于社会网络的信息管道视角，我们提出两种新的社会关系：开环关系和闭环关系，并认为这两种社会关系在连带污名效应中有“双刃剑”的作用。为验证理论，本文采用事件分析方法分析了中国上市企业2007-2016年的财务违规数据。结果发现，公司违规被发现后，高管的开环关系可以通过绝缘机制帮助削弱污名化，但其闭环关系却会通过曝光机制放大污名化。本研究揭示了社会网络在连带污名效应中的复杂作用机制。","PeriodicalId":47798,"journal":{"name":"Management and Organization Review","volume":"18 1","pages":"717 - 754"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46972304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The measurement and communication of the effect size of an independent variable on a dependent variable is critical to effective statistical analysis in the Social Sciences. We develop ideas about how to extend traditional methods of evaluating relationships in multivariate models to explain and illustrate the statistical power of a focal independent variable. Even with a growing acceptance of the need to report effect sizes, scholars in the management community have few well-established protocols or guidelines for reporting effect sizes. In this editorial essay, we: (1) review the necessity of reporting effect sizes; (2) discuss commonly used measures of effect size and accepted cut-offs for large, medium, and small effect sizes; (3) recommend standards for reporting effect sizes via verbal descriptions and graphical presentations; and (4) present best practice examples of reporting and discussing effect size. In summary, we provide guidance for authors on how to report and interpret effect sizes, advocating for rigor and completeness in statistical analysis. 摘要 在社会科学研究中进行有效的数据分析，一个关键点是测量和汇报自变量对应变量影响的强度大小，即效应强度。通过对多变量数据分析方法的汇总和拓展，我们致力于如何阐释、展示效应强度——这个重要的统计学功效。管理学界虽然逐步认可接受汇报效应强度，但仍缺乏完整的操作方法和汇报准则。在此篇社论中，我们主要做了以下工作：1）综述和重申汇报效应强度的必要性； 2）讨论常用的效应强度测量指标，以及学界普遍认可的大、中、小强度的临界值； 3）提出汇报效应强度的文字说明和绘图等具体操作标准； 4）列举一些优秀例子辅以说明。总之，我们在此提出汇报和阐述效应强度的指导性原则，以推进管理学研究中严谨和完整的数据分析。
Abstract The measurement and communication of the effect size of an independent variable on a dependent variable is critical to effective statistical analysis in the Social Sciences We develop ideas about how to extend traditional methods of evaluating relationships in diverse models to explain and illustrate the statistical power of a focal independent variable Even with a growing acceptance of the need to report effect sizes, schools in the management community have fed well equipped protocols or guidelines for reporting effect sizes In this editorial essay, we: (1) review the necessity of reporting effect sizes; (2) Discussions commonly used measures of effect size and accepted cut offs for large, medium, and small effect sizes; (3) Recommended standards for reporting effect sizes via verbal descriptions and graphical presentations; And (4) present best practice examples of reporting and discussing effect size In summary, we provide guidance for authors on how to report and interpret effect sizes, advocating for rigor and completeness in statistical analysis A key point in effective data analysis in social science research is to measure and report the intensity of the impact of independent variables on the corresponding variables, namely the strength of the effect. By summarizing and expanding the methods of multivariate data analysis, we aim to elucidate and demonstrate the significant statistical power of effect intensity. Although the management community has gradually recognized the strength of the acceptance reporting effect, there is still a lack of complete operational methods and reporting guidelines. In this editorial, we mainly did the following work: 1) Review and reiterate the necessity of reporting the intensity of the effect; 2) Discuss commonly used indicators for measuring the intensity of effects, as well as the critical values for large, medium, and small intensities commonly recognized in academia; 3) Provide specific operational standards such as textual explanations and drawings for reporting the intensity of the effect; 4) Provide some excellent examples to illustrate. In summary, we propose guiding principles for reporting and elaborating on the intensity of effects to promote rigorous and complete data analysis in management research.
{"title":"The Measurement and Communication of Effect Sizes in Management Research","authors":"C. Fey, Tianyou Hu, A. Delios","doi":"10.1017/mor.2022.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mor.2022.2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The measurement and communication of the effect size of an independent variable on a dependent variable is critical to effective statistical analysis in the Social Sciences. We develop ideas about how to extend traditional methods of evaluating relationships in multivariate models to explain and illustrate the statistical power of a focal independent variable. Even with a growing acceptance of the need to report effect sizes, scholars in the management community have few well-established protocols or guidelines for reporting effect sizes. In this editorial essay, we: (1) review the necessity of reporting effect sizes; (2) discuss commonly used measures of effect size and accepted cut-offs for large, medium, and small effect sizes; (3) recommend standards for reporting effect sizes via verbal descriptions and graphical presentations; and (4) present best practice examples of reporting and discussing effect size. In summary, we provide guidance for authors on how to report and interpret effect sizes, advocating for rigor and completeness in statistical analysis. 摘要 在社会科学研究中进行有效的数据分析，一个关键点是测量和汇报自变量对应变量影响的强度大小，即效应强度。通过对多变量数据分析方法的汇总和拓展，我们致力于如何阐释、展示效应强度——这个重要的统计学功效。管理学界虽然逐步认可接受汇报效应强度，但仍缺乏完整的操作方法和汇报准则。在此篇社论中，我们主要做了以下工作：1）综述和重申汇报效应强度的必要性； 2）讨论常用的效应强度测量指标，以及学界普遍认可的大、中、小强度的临界值； 3）提出汇报效应强度的文字说明和绘图等具体操作标准； 4）列举一些优秀例子辅以说明。总之，我们在此提出汇报和阐述效应强度的指导性原则，以推进管理学研究中严谨和完整的数据分析。","PeriodicalId":47798,"journal":{"name":"Management and Organization Review","volume":"19 1","pages":"176 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47325002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The fact that many Chinese business organizations incorporate social function units into their structures as well as social services into their practice has surprisingly received insufficient attention in organization studies. To theorize an organizational model that resembles community building in many aspects, we conduct case studies on this phenomenon and explain it from a new perspective, focusing on community arrangement within organizations. Our study draws on theoretical insights from institutional logic perspectives and builds a new conceptual schema through which to view organizations as communities. In our case studies of five firms in four cities, we find that, despite changes in the larger society, these Chinese firms built and maintained a model for organizations that communities can be embedded in organizations of various scales and in various industries. This community model of organizations offers new theoretical insights into organizations more broadly and has practical implications for improving the quality of employees’ work life. 摘要 很多中国企业在其组织结构中设置了一些社会功能单元并提供社会服务或者社区服务，这种现象让许多本土的研究者习以为常，以至于忽视了对其做深入的研究，更遑论理论化的努力。在本文中，我们报告我们所做的一项多案例研究的过程和结果，来探讨为什么在组织中会有社区式的安排和设施这种现象。我们在研究过程中和制度逻辑理论的学者对话，提出社区型组织的概念，通过数据结构建立机制模型，并做出初步的理论化努力。通过对四个中国城市中的五个公司进行的深入研究，我们发现一些中国公司建立和保持了一种特殊的组织模型：把社区嵌入到组织内部之中。这种组织模型可以提供人性化组织建设的一个理论基础，也可以在实际中改善组织中员工的工作和生活质量。
ABSTRACT The fact that many Chinese business organizations incorporate social function units into their structures as well as social services into their practice has rapidly received insufficient attention in organization studies To prioritize an organizational model that requires community building in many aspects, we conduct case studies on this phenomenon and explain it from a new perspective, focusing on community arrangement within organizations Our study draws on theoretical insights from institutional logic perspectives and builds a new conceptual schema through which to view organizations as communities In our case studies of five firms in four cities, we found that, specific changes in the larger society, these Chinese firms build and maintained a model for organizations that communities can be embedded in organizations of variable scales and in variable industries This community model of organizations offers new theoretical insights into organizations more broadly and has practical implications for improving the quality of employees' work life Many Chinese companies have established social functional units and provided social or community services in their organizational structures, which has become commonplace for many local researchers, to the extent that they have neglected to conduct in-depth research, let alone theoretical efforts. In this article, we report on the process and results of a multi case study we conducted to explore why there are community-based arrangements and facilities in organizations. We have had a dialogue with scholars of institutional logic theory during the research process, proposed the concept of community-based organizations, established mechanism models through data structures, and made preliminary theoretical efforts. Through in-depth research on five companies in four Chinese cities, we found that some Chinese companies have established and maintained a special organizational model: embedding communities within the organization. This organizational model can provide a theoretical basis for humanized organizational construction, and can also improve the quality of work and life of employees in the organization in practice.
{"title":"Building Organizations as Communities: A Multicase Study of Community Institutional Logic at Chinese Firms","authors":"Yijia Han, Jingjing Yao","doi":"10.1017/mor.2022.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mor.2022.3","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The fact that many Chinese business organizations incorporate social function units into their structures as well as social services into their practice has surprisingly received insufficient attention in organization studies. To theorize an organizational model that resembles community building in many aspects, we conduct case studies on this phenomenon and explain it from a new perspective, focusing on community arrangement within organizations. Our study draws on theoretical insights from institutional logic perspectives and builds a new conceptual schema through which to view organizations as communities. In our case studies of five firms in four cities, we find that, despite changes in the larger society, these Chinese firms built and maintained a model for organizations that communities can be embedded in organizations of various scales and in various industries. This community model of organizations offers new theoretical insights into organizations more broadly and has practical implications for improving the quality of employees’ work life. 摘要 很多中国企业在其组织结构中设置了一些社会功能单元并提供社会服务或者社区服务，这种现象让许多本土的研究者习以为常，以至于忽视了对其做深入的研究，更遑论理论化的努力。在本文中，我们报告我们所做的一项多案例研究的过程和结果，来探讨为什么在组织中会有社区式的安排和设施这种现象。我们在研究过程中和制度逻辑理论的学者对话，提出社区型组织的概念，通过数据结构建立机制模型，并做出初步的理论化努力。通过对四个中国城市中的五个公司进行的深入研究，我们发现一些中国公司建立和保持了一种特殊的组织模型：把社区嵌入到组织内部之中。这种组织模型可以提供人性化组织建设的一个理论基础，也可以在实际中改善组织中员工的工作和生活质量。","PeriodicalId":47798,"journal":{"name":"Management and Organization Review","volume":"18 1","pages":"829 - 858"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46615632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Past studies have shown that the flow of knowledge from incumbent firms is associated with the creation of startups and their subsequent performance. While much research has focused on the mechanisms of how incumbent-to-startup knowledge transfer takes place, such as entrepreneurs pursuing opportunities that their previous employers do not want to pursue, we explore with detailed qualitative analysis of six private startups in the Chinese synthetic-dye industry what type of knowledge actually flows and what type is more important for the long-term success of startups. We discover eight types of knowledge that flow from incumbents to new firms during the foundation of startups. Abstracting these eight types of knowledge into two general categories of functional knowledge and strategic knowledge, we find the reception of strategic (not functional) knowledge shapes the long-term competitiveness of surviving startups. Receiving technical knowledge – one type of functional knowledge – during the founding period is necessary for startups’ short-term survival but insufficient for long-term success. Our findings show that the performance implications of initial knowledge flows from incumbents hinge on the type of knowledge, contributing to a more explicit explanation of how incumbent-to-startup knowledge flows affect entrepreneurial performance. 摘要 现有的研究表明，从在位企业流向初创企业的知识对其创建及其后的绩效有密切关系。虽然很多研究聚焦于知识的流动机制，但很少探讨究竟有哪些知识从在位企业流向了初创企业，其中又有哪些知识对初创企业的长期成功更加重要。我们对中国合成染料行业的六家私营初创企业进行了探索性的定性分析，发现在其创建过程中，有八种知识从在位企业流入了初创企业。这八种知识又可以进一步抽象为职能知识和战略知识两大类。我们发现，对创建期后得以存活的初创企业而言，创建期内从在位企业处获取的战略知识（而不是职能知识）决定了其长期竞争力。在创建期内获取的技术知识（一种职能知识）虽然对初创企业的短期生存很有必要，但不足以支撑其长期成功。这表明，来自在位企业的初始知识流对初创企业绩效的影响事实上取决于知识的类型。本研究有助于更加清晰地解释来自在位企业的知识流如何影响初创企业的绩效。
{"title":"Functional Knowledge versus Strategic Knowledge: What Type of Knowledge Matters Most for the Long-Term Performance of Startups","authors":"Hong Jiang, J. Murmann","doi":"10.1017/mor.2021.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mor.2021.77","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Past studies have shown that the flow of knowledge from incumbent firms is associated with the creation of startups and their subsequent performance. While much research has focused on the mechanisms of how incumbent-to-startup knowledge transfer takes place, such as entrepreneurs pursuing opportunities that their previous employers do not want to pursue, we explore with detailed qualitative analysis of six private startups in the Chinese synthetic-dye industry what type of knowledge actually flows and what type is more important for the long-term success of startups. We discover eight types of knowledge that flow from incumbents to new firms during the foundation of startups. Abstracting these eight types of knowledge into two general categories of functional knowledge and strategic knowledge, we find the reception of strategic (not functional) knowledge shapes the long-term competitiveness of surviving startups. Receiving technical knowledge – one type of functional knowledge – during the founding period is necessary for startups’ short-term survival but insufficient for long-term success. Our findings show that the performance implications of initial knowledge flows from incumbents hinge on the type of knowledge, contributing to a more explicit explanation of how incumbent-to-startup knowledge flows affect entrepreneurial performance. 摘要 现有的研究表明，从在位企业流向初创企业的知识对其创建及其后的绩效有密切关系。虽然很多研究聚焦于知识的流动机制，但很少探讨究竟有哪些知识从在位企业流向了初创企业，其中又有哪些知识对初创企业的长期成功更加重要。我们对中国合成染料行业的六家私营初创企业进行了探索性的定性分析，发现在其创建过程中，有八种知识从在位企业流入了初创企业。这八种知识又可以进一步抽象为职能知识和战略知识两大类。我们发现，对创建期后得以存活的初创企业而言，创建期内从在位企业处获取的战略知识（而不是职能知识）决定了其长期竞争力。在创建期内获取的技术知识（一种职能知识）虽然对初创企业的短期生存很有必要，但不足以支撑其长期成功。这表明，来自在位企业的初始知识流对初创企业绩效的影响事实上取决于知识的类型。本研究有助于更加清晰地解释来自在位企业的知识流如何影响初创企业的绩效。","PeriodicalId":47798,"journal":{"name":"Management and Organization Review","volume":"19 1","pages":"417 - 461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41638907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In organizational management, tension is ubiquitous in every decision people need to make, be it firm strategic change, venture capital firms (VCs) selecting syndication partners, small business investments, organizational environmental policy inducing employee green behavior, or an employee deciding whether to share knowledge with other work colleagues. Although how to address such tension has attracted scholarly attention for many years, I am very proud to say that the six articles published in this issue provide new theoretical insights and empirical findings that further advance our understandings on this eternal topic. Building on the theoretical and philosophical foundations of the transparadox perspective, Pang, Liu, and Chen (2022) propose a dynamic process cycle of transparadoxical decision making that consists of three interrelated dimensions: transparadox information navigation, transparadox contextual consideration, and transparadox integration. This model puts optimum balance and oneness in the center to constitute a transparadox mindset, which significantly expands the paradox literature in addressing organizational tension by adding dynamic, cyclical processes. Consistent with the logic embedded in this model, Zheng, Cao, Ren, Li, Ying, and Chen (2022) found that in selecting partners, Chinese VCs tended to strike a balance between reducing institutional uncertainty by forming homogeneous syndications in an immature market and mobilizing heterogeneous resources by investing in innovative companies and syndicate with heterogeneous partners in a stable market. Similarly, Nguyen (2022) revealed that small business investments in Vietnam were influenced by the social ties small firms developed with different constituents, signaling a substituting effect of networking in addressing local institutional weaknesses. Moreover, the findings by Zhang, Zhang, and Jia (2022) on why organizational environmental policy fails to increase employee green behavior suggest that it is due to a paradox employees perceive, cued by the incongruence between organizational environmental policy and supervisor environmental support behavior, that lead to employees’ perception of corporate hypocrisy. Finally, in explaining why knowledge hiding backfired on the hider’s innovative behavior, Chen, Luo, Zhou, and Zhang (2022) revealed that it was their silence that prohibited knowledge sharing and elaboration, which was detrimental to their own outcome, a seemingly paradoxical finding. Management and Organization Review 18:3, June 2022, 425–426 doi: 10.1017/mor.2022.29
{"title":"Letter from the Editor","authors":"A. C. De Alwis, Adithya Shasthry","doi":"10.1017/mor.2022.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mor.2022.29","url":null,"abstract":"In organizational management, tension is ubiquitous in every decision people need to make, be it firm strategic change, venture capital firms (VCs) selecting syndication partners, small business investments, organizational environmental policy inducing employee green behavior, or an employee deciding whether to share knowledge with other work colleagues. Although how to address such tension has attracted scholarly attention for many years, I am very proud to say that the six articles published in this issue provide new theoretical insights and empirical findings that further advance our understandings on this eternal topic. Building on the theoretical and philosophical foundations of the transparadox perspective, Pang, Liu, and Chen (2022) propose a dynamic process cycle of transparadoxical decision making that consists of three interrelated dimensions: transparadox information navigation, transparadox contextual consideration, and transparadox integration. This model puts optimum balance and oneness in the center to constitute a transparadox mindset, which significantly expands the paradox literature in addressing organizational tension by adding dynamic, cyclical processes. Consistent with the logic embedded in this model, Zheng, Cao, Ren, Li, Ying, and Chen (2022) found that in selecting partners, Chinese VCs tended to strike a balance between reducing institutional uncertainty by forming homogeneous syndications in an immature market and mobilizing heterogeneous resources by investing in innovative companies and syndicate with heterogeneous partners in a stable market. Similarly, Nguyen (2022) revealed that small business investments in Vietnam were influenced by the social ties small firms developed with different constituents, signaling a substituting effect of networking in addressing local institutional weaknesses. Moreover, the findings by Zhang, Zhang, and Jia (2022) on why organizational environmental policy fails to increase employee green behavior suggest that it is due to a paradox employees perceive, cued by the incongruence between organizational environmental policy and supervisor environmental support behavior, that lead to employees’ perception of corporate hypocrisy. Finally, in explaining why knowledge hiding backfired on the hider’s innovative behavior, Chen, Luo, Zhou, and Zhang (2022) revealed that it was their silence that prohibited knowledge sharing and elaboration, which was detrimental to their own outcome, a seemingly paradoxical finding. Management and Organization Review 18:3, June 2022, 425–426 doi: 10.1017/mor.2022.29","PeriodicalId":47798,"journal":{"name":"Management and Organization Review","volume":"18 1","pages":"425 - 426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42970050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT In light of inconclusive findings on the effect of political connections, this study explores conditions that affect the effectiveness of political connections on firm performance in democratic systems. First, using a resource dependence rationale, this study stresses the importance of variation in political connections and classifies direct and indirect political connections based on sources of power and the mechanisms for developing connections. Second, this study recognizes that influencing political outcomes is an entire political process in which political power matters. Furthermore, as power is central to the resource dependence rationale unlike exchange in transaction cost economics, this study explores how the effectiveness of political connections is contingent on the dynamics of de jure political power. We find that the effect of direct political connections is susceptible to changes in de jure political power due to its dyadic relationship with de jure power, while indirect political connections are more robust to such changes due to their connections with informal networks holding de facto political power. Further, the positive effects of political connections on firm performance are mediated by operational capability. 摘要 由于目前对政治联系对企业绩效的研究结果莫衷一是，本文试图借助新兴民主体制的独特情境，来探讨不同类型的政治联系对企业绩效的影响及其边界条件。首先，作者基于资源依赖理论分析了权力的最终来源及产生机制，并在此基础上区分了直接政治联系和间接政治联系。本研究发现政治联系对于企业绩效的影响取决于政治权力发挥作用的过程，并发现政治联系的作用随着执政党的更替而动态变化。进一步的，政治联系能通过提高企业的运作能力促进其绩效。然而，在执政党更替的动态环境中，与直接政治联系相比，间接政治联系通过与各个执政党成员建立非正式的关系，对企业绩效的影响更为显著。
{"title":"Behind the Political Connections Under Emerging Democracies","authors":"Selenge Ulziisukh, Zelong Wei","doi":"10.1017/mor.2021.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mor.2021.74","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In light of inconclusive findings on the effect of political connections, this study explores conditions that affect the effectiveness of political connections on firm performance in democratic systems. First, using a resource dependence rationale, this study stresses the importance of variation in political connections and classifies direct and indirect political connections based on sources of power and the mechanisms for developing connections. Second, this study recognizes that influencing political outcomes is an entire political process in which political power matters. Furthermore, as power is central to the resource dependence rationale unlike exchange in transaction cost economics, this study explores how the effectiveness of political connections is contingent on the dynamics of de jure political power. We find that the effect of direct political connections is susceptible to changes in de jure political power due to its dyadic relationship with de jure power, while indirect political connections are more robust to such changes due to their connections with informal networks holding de facto political power. Further, the positive effects of political connections on firm performance are mediated by operational capability. 摘要 由于目前对政治联系对企业绩效的研究结果莫衷一是，本文试图借助新兴民主体制的独特情境，来探讨不同类型的政治联系对企业绩效的影响及其边界条件。首先，作者基于资源依赖理论分析了权力的最终来源及产生机制，并在此基础上区分了直接政治联系和间接政治联系。本研究发现政治联系对于企业绩效的影响取决于政治权力发挥作用的过程，并发现政治联系的作用随着执政党的更替而动态变化。进一步的，政治联系能通过提高企业的运作能力促进其绩效。然而，在执政党更替的动态环境中，与直接政治联系相比，间接政治联系通过与各个执政党成员建立非正式的关系，对企业绩效的影响更为显著。","PeriodicalId":47798,"journal":{"name":"Management and Organization Review","volume":"18 1","pages":"686 - 716"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45888084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenting Chen, Abby Jingzi Zhou, Steven Shijin Zhou, P. Hofman, Xueru Yang
ABSTRACT The concept of socioemotional wealth (SEW) has become a dominant perspective in family business studies. In this article, we review the SEW literature, the explanatory power of SEW in family firm behavior, and the heterogeneity of family firms. Although we find that SEW distinguishes the behavior of family firms from that of nonfamily firms, the concept has been used and operationalized differently across studies. The few studies that measure SEW directly do not find clear and consistent explanatory power of the construct. Moreover, not many studies are conducted in Asian countries such as Japan, Korea, and China, raising the question as to whether the concept applies equally across institutional and cultural contexts. This article takes a pragmatic perspective on SEW by discussing and distinguishing between key dimensions of social wealth and emotional wealth, which we believe can enhance understanding of the behavior and heterogeneity of family businesses. Based on our deconstruction of the SEW concept, we propose various directions of future research. 摘要 社会情感财富（SEW） 是一个多维度的概念，主要指家族企业中家庭成员之间、家族之间、家族与组织、以及社会之间的非经济类财富。这一概念在家族企业研究中成为主流。本文回顾了与社会情感财富相关的文献、该概念对家族企业行为的解释力和家族企业的异质性。我们发现虽然用社会情感财富可以解释家族企业与非家族企业在行为上的差异，但它在不同研究中的操作化存在很大差异。即使在为数不多的直接测量SEW的文献中，我们也没发现清晰且一致的解释效度。此外，由于在亚洲国家（例如日本、韩国与中国）的研究较为有限，这一概念在不同制度与文化环境下有普遍的解释效度也未可知。本文通过讨论SEW的不同关键维度——即情感财富与社会财富，以加强我们对家族企业行为和异质性的理解，并提出了未来研究的若干方向。
{"title":"Deconstructing Socioemotional Wealth: Social Wealth and Emotional Wealth as Core Properties of Family Firms","authors":"Wenting Chen, Abby Jingzi Zhou, Steven Shijin Zhou, P. Hofman, Xueru Yang","doi":"10.1017/mor.2022.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mor.2022.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The concept of socioemotional wealth (SEW) has become a dominant perspective in family business studies. In this article, we review the SEW literature, the explanatory power of SEW in family firm behavior, and the heterogeneity of family firms. Although we find that SEW distinguishes the behavior of family firms from that of nonfamily firms, the concept has been used and operationalized differently across studies. The few studies that measure SEW directly do not find clear and consistent explanatory power of the construct. Moreover, not many studies are conducted in Asian countries such as Japan, Korea, and China, raising the question as to whether the concept applies equally across institutional and cultural contexts. This article takes a pragmatic perspective on SEW by discussing and distinguishing between key dimensions of social wealth and emotional wealth, which we believe can enhance understanding of the behavior and heterogeneity of family businesses. Based on our deconstruction of the SEW concept, we propose various directions of future research. 摘要 社会情感财富（SEW） 是一个多维度的概念，主要指家族企业中家庭成员之间、家族之间、家族与组织、以及社会之间的非经济类财富。这一概念在家族企业研究中成为主流。本文回顾了与社会情感财富相关的文献、该概念对家族企业行为的解释力和家族企业的异质性。我们发现虽然用社会情感财富可以解释家族企业与非家族企业在行为上的差异，但它在不同研究中的操作化存在很大差异。即使在为数不多的直接测量SEW的文献中，我们也没发现清晰且一致的解释效度。此外，由于在亚洲国家（例如日本、韩国与中国）的研究较为有限，这一概念在不同制度与文化环境下有普遍的解释效度也未可知。本文通过讨论SEW的不同关键维度——即情感财富与社会财富，以加强我们对家族企业行为和异质性的理解，并提出了未来研究的若干方向。","PeriodicalId":47798,"journal":{"name":"Management and Organization Review","volume":"18 1","pages":"223 - 250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43617997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Since 2012, a large-scale Party branches building campaign intending to regain political influence in the private sector has been sweepingly promoted. Drawing on the Chinese Private Enterprise Survey conducted in 2008, 2012, and 2018, this study investigates private enterprises’ strategies in response to the intensified political pressure by integrating socioemotional wealth theory and neo-institutional theory. It is found that (1) private enterprises with high family ownership tend not to establish Party branches until political pressure is very high; (2) enterprises with high family ownership are more likely to adopt a decoupling strategy of evading the Party's political and social goals; and (3) the owners’ perceptions of a better market and legal environment weaken the negative effect of family ownership on the establishment of Party branches. These results reveal the key logic of preserving the socioemotional wealth and ‘embedded agency’ of Chinese private enterprises when they confront institutional legitimacy mandates. This study also sheds new light on the causes of the decoupling phenomenon and the dynamic interactions between institutional environment and organizational behaviors. 摘要 2012年以来，中国共产党为了获得在私营部门的政治影响，开展了大规模的私营企业党建运动。在这一背景下，我们整合了社会情感财富理论和新制度主义理论，探讨了私营企业在应对加剧的政治压力时所采取的策略。对2008、2012和2018年中国私营企业调查数据（CPES）进行分析之后，我们发现：家族所有权程度与其党建活动密切相关，表现在（1）所有权越高，建立党支部需要越大的政治压力；（2）所有权越高，越可能采取脱耦策略来逃避政治目标。但是，结果也表明，企业家对市场和法律环境的正面感知可以减弱家族所有权对党建的负面影响。本研究的结果对于理解组织脱耦现象的成因，以及组织行为与制度环境的动态互动关系有新的启示。
{"title":"Between Legitimacy and Socioemotional Wealth: Family Ownership and the Party Branches Building of Chinese Private Enterprises","authors":"Xiaobin He, Jiankun Liu","doi":"10.1017/mor.2021.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mor.2021.67","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Since 2012, a large-scale Party branches building campaign intending to regain political influence in the private sector has been sweepingly promoted. Drawing on the Chinese Private Enterprise Survey conducted in 2008, 2012, and 2018, this study investigates private enterprises’ strategies in response to the intensified political pressure by integrating socioemotional wealth theory and neo-institutional theory. It is found that (1) private enterprises with high family ownership tend not to establish Party branches until political pressure is very high; (2) enterprises with high family ownership are more likely to adopt a decoupling strategy of evading the Party's political and social goals; and (3) the owners’ perceptions of a better market and legal environment weaken the negative effect of family ownership on the establishment of Party branches. These results reveal the key logic of preserving the socioemotional wealth and ‘embedded agency’ of Chinese private enterprises when they confront institutional legitimacy mandates. This study also sheds new light on the causes of the decoupling phenomenon and the dynamic interactions between institutional environment and organizational behaviors. 摘要 2012年以来，中国共产党为了获得在私营部门的政治影响，开展了大规模的私营企业党建运动。在这一背景下，我们整合了社会情感财富理论和新制度主义理论，探讨了私营企业在应对加剧的政治压力时所采取的策略。对2008、2012和2018年中国私营企业调查数据（CPES）进行分析之后，我们发现：家族所有权程度与其党建活动密切相关，表现在（1）所有权越高，建立党支部需要越大的政治压力；（2）所有权越高，越可能采取脱耦策略来逃避政治目标。但是，结果也表明，企业家对市场和法律环境的正面感知可以减弱家族所有权对党建的负面影响。本研究的结果对于理解组织脱耦现象的成因，以及组织行为与制度环境的动态互动关系有新的启示。","PeriodicalId":47798,"journal":{"name":"Management and Organization Review","volume":"18 1","pages":"251 - 278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44155833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a significant role in China. Based on recent statistics, about 67% of firms were non-state owned, which contributed 47% of the R&D in 2017 (Report of the Top 500 Firms in China, 2017). The majority of these firms are SMEs, many of which are family businesses. Despite their importance, we lack both theoretical and empirical understanding of how these firms cope with the opportunities and challenges in China's fast-changing transitional market. In light of the mission of Management and Organization Review (MOR), i.e., publishing ground-breaking insights about management and organizations in China, we called for this special issue in order to promote the value of the unique Chinese institutional context for management inquiries.
{"title":"The Intersection of Economic, Social, and Political Forces: Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises and Family Businesses in China","authors":"Dali Ma, X. Luo","doi":"10.1017/mor.2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mor.2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a significant role in China. Based on recent statistics, about 67% of firms were non-state owned, which contributed 47% of the R&D in 2017 (Report of the Top 500 Firms in China, 2017). The majority of these firms are SMEs, many of which are family businesses. Despite their importance, we lack both theoretical and empirical understanding of how these firms cope with the opportunities and challenges in China's fast-changing transitional market. In light of the mission of Management and Organization Review (MOR), i.e., publishing ground-breaking insights about management and organizations in China, we called for this special issue in order to promote the value of the unique Chinese institutional context for management inquiries.","PeriodicalId":47798,"journal":{"name":"Management and Organization Review","volume":"18 1","pages":"216 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43771034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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