International Journal of Sustainable Transportation最新文献_第10页

Encouraging shared and pooled-use automated vehicle mode choice—what users are sensitive to what instruments? 鼓励共享和合用自动驾驶模式的选择——哪些用户对哪些工具敏感？

IF 3.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

International Journal of Sustainable Transportation

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2024.2432658

Thomas Stoiber , Raphael Hoerler , Iljana Schubert , Paul Burger

In recent years, the body of literature on automated vehicles (AV) regarding simulation, user acceptance, and accompanying research on pilot projects has increased substantially. However, studies investigating the relationship between user characteristics and preference of shared or pooled-use AV, such as automated taxis or automated shuttles, mainly investigate socioeconomic or mobility characteristics of potential users. Further, there are no studies on user-type sensitivity toward instruments fostering the uptake of shared and pooled-use AV. The aim of our study is to contribute to fill this gap, to provide important knowledge for decision-makers to develop transport policies designed to foster future sharing of AV. To this end, we re-analyze data from a choice experiment with 709 participants together with individual user characteristics, collected within the Swiss Household Energy Demand Survey. Specifically, we analyze the role of socioeconomic and mobility characteristics, attitudes and values regarding sensitivity toward policy-relevant push and pull instruments to foster shared and pooled-use AV mode choice. We show that different types of user characteristics have an impact on AV mode preference and on the sensitivity toward the categories and types of instruments tested. Furthermore, we show that it is worthwhile to differentiate between short-term mobility decisions on single trips and long-term mobility decisions, concerning purchase decisions for AV or subscriptions to AV-related mobility services.

近年来，关于自动驾驶汽车（AV）的仿真、用户接受度和试点项目相关研究的文献大量增加。然而，关于用户特征与共享或合用自动驾驶汽车（如自动出租车或自动班车）偏好之间关系的研究，主要是调查潜在用户的社会经济或移动性特征。此外，还没有关于用户类型对促进共享和集中使用自动驾驶汽车的工具的敏感性的研究。我们研究的目的是填补这一空白，为决策者提供重要的知识，以制定旨在促进未来自动驾驶汽车共享的交通政策。为此，我们重新分析了709名参与者的选择实验数据以及瑞士家庭能源需求调查中收集的个人用户特征。具体而言，我们分析了社会经济和流动性特征、态度和价值观对政策相关推拉工具敏感性的作用，以促进共享和集中使用的自动驾驶模式选择。我们表明，不同类型的用户特征对AV模式偏好和对测试仪器类别和类型的敏感性有影响。此外，我们表明区分单次出行的短期出行决策和长期出行决策是值得的，包括购买自动驾驶汽车或订阅自动驾驶相关出行服务的决策。

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引用次数: 0

National climate change mitigation efforts for aviation: Lessons from post-Covid state action plans 国家航空减缓气候变化的努力：来自疫情后国家行动计划的经验教训

IF 3.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

International Journal of Sustainable Transportation

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2024.2435558

Aashna Pachai , Laurel Besco

The aviation sector contributes to climate change through its significant and growing production of greenhouse gas emissions. Many have suggested mitigation efforts that should be undertaken, but in general these approaches have not resulted in significant change or have ultimately been too expensive. Further, approaches have tended to be fragmented, a challenge for a global industry. There are some exceptions to this, including the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)’s carbon offsetting mechanism, but when it comes to understanding actions at a national level, much remains unclear. While ICAO encourages its member states to develop State Action Plans (SAPs) to address the industry’s impact on climate change, limited research has sought to analyze their proposed actions. In the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic’s impact, many called for a renewed effort to mitigate aviation’s contribution to climate change which resulted in a significant number of new SAPs being submitted. As such, this study analyzed 61 SAPs produced in 2021 and 2022 to identify measures being pursued by states to reduce emissions from aviation. We were also interested in partnerships across countries, given the emphasis on collaboration within ICAO’s environment programs. Findings show that most countries have focused on mitigation measures projected to have smaller emission reduction potential in the long term and what evidence we found of more ambitious “deep” decarbonization efforts was largely in the early stages of development. Additionally, we find limited evidence of ICAO’s Buddy Partnership programs in the SAPs which signals a need to re-imagine these opportunities.

航空业通过其大量且不断增长的温室气体排放，对气候变化做出了贡献。许多人建议应采取缓解努力，但总的来说，这些办法没有产生重大变化，或者最终代价过高。此外，方法往往是分散的，这对全球行业来说是一个挑战。有一些例外，包括国际民用航空组织（ICAO）的碳抵消机制，但当涉及到理解国家层面的行动时，很多事情仍不清楚。虽然国际民航组织鼓励其成员国制定国家行动计划（SAPs），以解决航空业对气候变化的影响，但试图分析其拟议行动的研究有限。在2019冠状病毒病大流行的影响之后，许多人呼吁重新努力减轻航空对气候变化的影响，这导致了大量新的sap提交。因此，本研究分析了2021年和2022年产生的61个sap，以确定各州为减少航空排放而采取的措施。鉴于国际民航组织的环境项目强调合作，我们也对各国之间的伙伴关系感兴趣。调查结果表明，大多数国家将重点放在预计长期减排潜力较小的缓解措施上，我们发现的更有雄心的“深度”脱碳努力的证据主要处于发展的早期阶段。此外，我们发现国际民航组织伙伴伙伴计划在sap中的证据有限，这表明需要重新设想这些机会。

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引用次数: 0

Mapping out the current and ideal weekly distribution of remote work in France after COVID-19 制定COVID-19后法国当前和理想的每周远程工作分配

IF 3.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

International Journal of Sustainable Transportation

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2024.2425726

Leslie Belton Chevallier , Anne Aguilera , Eugênia Viana Cerqueira , Eléonore Pigalle , Benjamin Motte-Baumvol

The recent rise of telework brings new debates on the impacts on travel behavior and transportation systems. One key issue concerns the weekly number and distribution of remote workdays, which affects transportation networks and their congestion levels. Using data from an online survey conducted in spring 2022 in France, Bayesian regressions and a multilevel model are used to analyze employee’s current and ideal weekly number and distribution of full-day home-based remote workdays. Firstly, the findings highlight a latent demand for more remote workdays, especially among people working remotely 1 day a week. Secondly, data show a concentration of current and ideal remote workdays on Fridays, followed by Mondays and Wednesdays. Thirdly, and finally, our results show that employer’s strategies and the nature of the sector (public or private) both contribute to explain the current and ideal weekly distribution of remote workdays. These results indicate that remote work should continue to develop and be distributed unevenly over the days of the week. This uneven distribution should impact travel behavior and traffic congestion.

最近，远程办公的兴起引发了关于其对出行行为和交通系统影响的新争论。一个关键问题涉及每周远程工作日的数量和分布，这会影响交通网络及其拥堵程度。利用2022年春季在法国进行的一项在线调查的数据，使用贝叶斯回归和多层模型分析了员工目前和理想的每周全职在家远程工作日的数量和分布。首先，调查结果强调了对更多远程工作日的潜在需求，尤其是那些每周远程工作一天的人。其次，数据显示当前和理想的远程工作日集中在周五，其次是周一和周三。第三，也是最后，我们的研究结果表明，雇主的策略和部门的性质（公共或私营）都有助于解释当前和理想的每周远程工作日分布。这些结果表明，远程工作应该继续发展，并且在一周的几天内分布不均匀。这种不均匀分布应该会影响出行行为和交通拥堵。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing bikeshare planning and operation: Strategic use of web-based public feedback 加强共享单车的规划和运营：策略性地利用基于网络的公众反馈

IF 3.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

International Journal of Sustainable Transportation

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Epub Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2024.2424419

Xiaodong Qian , Miguel Jaller

Bikeshare system operators have leveraged online platforms to gather user feedback on station experiences and service quality. This crowdsourced data presents a valuable opportunity to enhance bikeshare planning and operations. However, planners have limited methods to analyze those qualitative data given the sparse nature of this data, which is insufficient for training comprehensive machine learning models. Addressing this challenge, our study employs a novel approach combining spatial analysis and Factor Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD) to delve into bikeshare users’ perceptions and expectations. Focusing on Chicago’s bikeshare system, we utilize its limited online comments to demonstrate the robustness of our algorithm and its applicability to both large and small datasets. Our findings reveal a geographic pattern in feedback: negative comments on bike rebalancing, station locations, and facilities are concentrated in the city center, while dissatisfaction with the cycling environment is consistent across both urban and peripheral areas. Moreover, we discovered that the demographic and employment characteristics of areas surrounding bikeshare stations significantly influence positive feedback, overshadowing the impact of station design and local infrastructure. Overall, this study offers a quantitative framework for leveraging limited crowdsourced feedback effectively, providing strategic insights for refining bikeshare planning and operational decisions.

共享单车系统运营商利用在线平台收集用户对站点体验和服务质量的反馈。这种众包数据为加强共享单车的规划和运营提供了宝贵的机会。然而，考虑到这些数据的稀疏性，规划人员分析这些定性数据的方法有限，这不足以训练全面的机器学习模型。为了应对这一挑战，我们的研究采用了一种结合空间分析和混合数据因素分析（FAMD）的新方法来深入研究共享单车用户的感知和期望。以芝加哥的自行车共享系统为例，我们利用其有限的在线评论来证明我们算法的稳健性及其对大型和小型数据集的适用性。我们的研究结果揭示了反馈的地理格局：对自行车再平衡、车站位置和设施的负面评论集中在城市中心，而对自行车环境的不满在城市和周边地区都是一致的。此外，我们发现，共享单车站点周边地区的人口和就业特征显著影响正反馈，掩盖了站点设计和当地基础设施的影响。总体而言，本研究为有效利用有限的众包反馈提供了一个定量框架，为完善共享单车规划和运营决策提供了战略见解。

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引用次数: 0

Determinants and effects of climate finance in the transport sector 运输部门气候融资的决定因素和影响

IF 3.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

International Journal of Sustainable Transportation

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Epub Date: 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2024.2421842

Xavier Fageda , Reinaldo Fioravanti

We examine the determinants of climate-related development finance flows to the transportation sector and their relationship with CO₂ emission levels. The mitigation fund allocation is particularly correlated with the demographic characteristics of recipient countries; however, the correlation with per capita income and emissions seems to be weak. In contrast, equity considerations appear to be the main determinants of adaptation fund allocation. Finally, we find some evidence of a significant negative relationship between mitigation investments and emissions per capita and while the overall effect is modest, it tends to be most marked in countries with the highest per capita emissions. Thus, the fact that countries with the highest emissions per capita are not receiving relatively more investments may be hampering the effectiveness of climate finance.

我们研究了气候相关发展资金流向交通部门的决定因素及其与二氧化碳排放水平的关系。缓解基金的分配特别与受援国的人口特征相关；然而，与人均收入和排放量的相关性似乎很弱。相比之下，公平考虑似乎是适应基金分配的主要决定因素。最后，我们发现一些证据表明，缓解投资与人均排放量之间存在显著的负相关关系，虽然总体影响不大，但在人均排放量最高的国家，这种影响往往最为明显。因此，人均排放量最高的国家没有获得相对更多的投资，这一事实可能会阻碍气候融资的有效性。

引用次数: 0

Revealing the multiscale impact of external factors on dockless bike sharing and metro integration: Evidence from Shenzhen 揭示外部因素对无桩共享单车与地铁融合的多尺度影响：来自深圳的证据

IF 3.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

International Journal of Sustainable Transportation

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Epub Date: 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2024.2426681

Junze Ma , Changjiang Zheng , Shukang Zheng , Fei Wu , Lixin Zhang , Zhilong Wu

Dockless bike sharing (DBS) and metro integration offer innovative solutions for the first-mile and last-mile challenges of urban transportation. However, accurately identifying transfer passenger volume, analyzing DBS and metro integration characteristics, and understanding the spatial heterogeneity of factors affecting this volume remain areas to explore. This study, using Shenzhen as a case, constructs a framework to identify transfer passenger volume by considering built environment elements around metro stations and applying a Thiessen polygon. Transfer passenger volumes are classified into six categories, and their spatio-temporal characteristics are analyzed. A multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model investigates the impacts of socio-economic attributes, built environment, and transportation-related factors on transfer passenger volume, revealing spatial heterogeneity. Results show that the demand for DBS and metro integration is higher in the morning peak than in the evening peak, with access transfer passenger volume peaks occurring earlier than egress peaks. Spatially, transfer passenger volume shows heterogeneity, with higher demand in the urban core than in the suburbs. Commercial and residential and enterprises have the most significant impact on various types of transfer passenger volume, showing the highest spatial heterogeneity in enterprises. In contrast, science education and culture positively influence evening peak access transfer volume and exhibit the weakest spatial heterogeneity. Population density, sports and leisure, shopping and entertainment, and tourist attractions display localized positive or negative impacts. These findings can guide operators and planners in optimizing public transportation resources to enhance DBS and metro integration.

无桩共享单车（DBS）和地铁一体化为城市交通的第一英里和最后一英里挑战提供了创新的解决方案。然而，准确识别换乘客运量、分析星展系统和地铁一体化特征，以及了解影响换乘客运量的因素的空间异质性仍有待探索。本研究以深圳为例，通过考虑地铁站周围的建成环境因素，运用泰森多边形构建了一个识别换乘客运量的框架。将交通客运量划分为6类，并分析其时空特征。利用多尺度地理加权回归（MGWR）模型分析了社会经济属性、建成环境和交通相关因素对换乘客运量的影响，揭示了空间异质性。结果表明：早高峰对DBS和地铁一体化的需求高于晚高峰，且入口换乘客流量高峰出现早于出口高峰；空间上，换乘客运量呈现异质性，核心城区需求高于郊区。商业、住宅和企业对各类中转客运量的影响最为显著，企业的空间异质性最高。科学教育和文化正向影响晚峰通道转移量，空间异质性最弱。人口密度、运动休闲、购物娱乐、旅游景点均呈现局部性的正面或负面影响。这些发现可以指导运营商和规划者优化公共交通资源，提高星展系统与地铁的融合。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the drivers of ecological footprint: Impacts of road transportation infrastructure, transport tax, and environment technologies 探索生态足迹的驱动因素：道路交通基础设施、运输税和环境技术的影响

IF 3.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

International Journal of Sustainable Transportation

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Epub Date: 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2024.2423726

Junwook Chi

This study explores the dynamic effects of road transportation infrastructure, transport taxes, economic growth, trade openness, and environmental technologies on the ecological footprint using three quantile regression techniques: Simultaneous, Powell, and Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR). These variables are selected for their significant influence on both economic outcomes and environmental sustainability, reflecting the interconnectedness of transportation systems, government policies, and technological advancements in shaping ecological impacts. Based on panel data from 19 European countries between 1995 and 2020, the results reveal that investments in road infrastructure and higher transport taxes contribute to reducing ecological footprint. At the middle and high quantiles, advancements in environment-related technologies further decrease the ecological footprint, whereas trade openness tends to worsen ecological quality. Importantly, the relationship between GDP and the ecological footprint follows an inverted U-shape, confirming the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis across all quantiles, which suggests that economic growth can support environmental sustainability in the long run. These findings are validated by robustness checks using fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), and canonical cointegration regression (CCR) models. Key policy implications include the need for targeted investments in road infrastructure and transport tax strategies, tailored to national contexts, along with technology-driven strategies to curb environmental degradation. Lastly, the panel causality test reveals unidirectional causality from economic growth, road transportation infrastructure, and environment-related technologies to ecological footprint, highlighting their significance as short-term contributors to environmental improvement.

本研究采用同步、鲍威尔和矩量分位数回归（MMQR）三种分位数回归技术，探讨了道路交通基础设施、运输税、经济增长、贸易开放和环境技术对生态足迹的动态影响。选择这些变量是因为它们对经济成果和环境可持续性都有重大影响，反映了交通系统、政府政策和技术进步在形成生态影响方面的相互联系。基于1995年至2020年间19个欧洲国家的面板数据，结果表明，道路基础设施投资和更高的运输税有助于减少生态足迹。在中、高分位数上，环境相关技术的进步进一步减少了生态足迹，而贸易开放则倾向于恶化生态质量。重要的是，GDP与生态足迹之间的关系呈倒u形，在所有分位数上证实了环境库兹涅茨曲线（EKC）假设，这表明经济增长可以长期支持环境可持续性。这些发现通过使用完全修正的普通最小二乘（FMOLS）、动态普通最小二乘（DOLS）和典型协整回归（CCR）模型进行稳健性检查来验证。关键的政策影响包括需要有针对性地投资道路基础设施和运输税战略，根据各国国情，以及技术驱动的战略，以遏制环境退化。最后，面板因果检验揭示了经济增长、道路交通基础设施和环境相关技术对生态足迹的单向因果关系，突出了它们作为环境改善的短期贡献者的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

An investigation of regional public transport spend in Australia 澳大利亚地区公共交通支出调查

IF 3.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

International Journal of Sustainable Transportation

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Epub Date: 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2024.2424418

Thiranjaya B. Kandanaarachchi , John D. Nelson

This paper describes the outcome of a study to investigate the regional public transport spend in each state of Australia. The objective is to derive a reliable figure for comparison and the core metric used is spend per capita. The study assessed publicly available data on public transport spend, followed by a series of consultations with key staff from state bus associations and governments. The analysis was conducted separately for metropolitan (metro) and regional areas and then the regional data were further examined. While the Northern Territory (NT), Tasmania (TAS) and regional South Australia (SA) completely rely on bus services, Victoria (VIC) stands out as the state with the highest public transport spend per head in regional areas with robust train and bus networks which deliver the highest patronage. Western Australia (WA) is the state with the highest bus transport spend per head ensuring relatively high patronage despite the low population density. The study identifies low public transport patronage in regional areas as being influenced by low spending per capita and poor connectivity. It recommends prioritizing improvements in connectivity, multi-modal networks, and opening school buses to the general public. Additionally, funding strategies should focus more on patronage trends linked to spend rather than overemphasizing population density. Further, the study reveals that publicly available data seldom clearly segregates public transport spending in terms of regional and metro expenditure, which would lead to inefficiencies when assessing spatial equity in public transport provision.

本文描述了一项研究的结果，以调查在澳大利亚的每个州的区域公共交通支出。目标是得出一个可靠的数字进行比较，使用的核心指标是人均支出。这项研究评估了公共交通支出的公开数据，随后与州公交协会和政府的主要工作人员进行了一系列磋商。分析分别针对大都市（地铁）和区域区域进行，然后对区域数据进行进一步检查。北领地（NT）、塔斯马尼亚州（TAS）和南澳大利亚地区（SA）完全依赖公交服务，而维多利亚州（VIC）则是人均公共交通支出最高的州，拥有强大的火车和公交网络，提供了最高的客流量。西澳大利亚州（WA）是人均公交支出最高的州，尽管人口密度低，但确保了相对较高的客流量。该研究发现，地区公共交通的低使用率受到人均支出低和连通性差的影响。它建议优先改善连通性，多模式网络，并向公众开放校车。此外，筹资策略应更多地关注与支出相关的赞助趋势，而不是过分强调人口密度。此外，该研究表明，公开数据很少明确区分区域和地铁公共交通支出，这将导致在评估公共交通提供的空间公平性时效率低下。

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引用次数: 0

Technological progress: Interconnectedness, innovation systems, and technology delivery systems the case of Indian electric vehicles 技术进步：印度电动汽车案例中的互联性、创新体系和技术交付体系

IF 3.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

International Journal of Sustainable Transportation

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2024.2416689

Lakshminarayana Kompella

The electric vehicle (EV) technological supply chain progresses when demand (pull) aligns with supply (push) to perform as a technology delivery system. Actors, institutions, and networks interconnect the technological supply chain with innovation as responses to external pressures to produce and deliver technology products/services. The literature separately examined the progress from a delivery perspective (linking the demand and supply network) and a systems perspective that examines technological change as a socio-technical system. Technological progress requires changes aligning push and pull or one feeding into the other. The ‘motors of innovation’ that shape the innovation system are used in systems dynamics modeling linking technological changes and progress. This study uses ‘motors of innovation’ to combine the two perspectives and uses interconnectedness to examine the alignment of push and pull and the resulting delivery phenomena. The phenomena require studying it in its settings with diverse heuristic and analytic views. Therefore, this study uses case study methodology and selects multiple Indian EV cases comprising all vehicle segments in a government direct market scenario. It makes two contributions to technological progress: one defines the combined delivery and systems perspective and includes interconnectedness. The other is moving knowledge to a broad scope and expertise and striving for interconnectedness with other systems. Further insights are possible with cases that display better technological progress, as findings noted poor interconnectedness with limited technological capability and infrastructure.

电动汽车（EV）技术供应链在需求（拉动）与供给（推动）相一致的情况下取得进展，成为一个技术交付系统。行为者、机构和网络将技术供应链与创新联系起来，以应对生产和提供技术产品/服务的外部压力。文献分别从交付角度（连接需求和供应网络）和系统角度（将技术变革视为一个社会技术系统）对技术进步进行了研究。技术进步需要将推力和拉力结合起来，或者相互促进。形成创新系统的 "创新发动机 "被用于将技术变革和进步联系起来的系统动力学建模。本研究利用 "创新发动机 "将这两个视角结合起来，并利用相互关联性来研究推力和拉力的协调以及由此产生的交付现象。这些现象需要在不同的环境中以不同的启发式和分析式观点加以研究。因此，本研究采用案例研究方法，选择了多个印度电动汽车案例，包括政府直销市场情景下的所有汽车细分市场。它为技术进步做出了两方面的贡献：一是定义了综合交付和系统视角，并包含了相互关联性。另一个是将知识范围和专业技能扩大，并努力实现与其他系统的互联。研究结果表明，在技术能力和基础设施有限的情况下，互联性较差。

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引用次数: 0

On modeling and enhancing walkability: A review of transport planning and network design elements 关于建模和提高步行能力：交通规划和网络设计要素回顾

IF 3.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

International Journal of Sustainable Transportation

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2024.2409238

Zheng Liang , Hong K. Lo , Ka Fai Ng

Walking, as a transportation mode, not only promotes individual well-being but also contributes to environmental sustainability. Though often neglected in the transport planning process that focuses primarily on motorized transport, the benefits of walking have recently renewed interests to enhance walkability. With the thematic focus on transport planning and network design, this paper first introduces a conceptual bi-level network design framework for enhancing walkability. Following the framework, we then conduct a thematic review focusing on modeling and enhancing walkability through transport planning and design elements. The identified studies are synthesized by answering the systematic classification scheme (SCS) questions. While recognizing the progress that has been achieved by previous studies, we conclude by exposing the challenges that remain and thereafter identifying potential directions for transportation research.

步行作为一种交通方式，不仅能促进个人福祉，还有助于环境的可持续发展。虽然在交通规划过程中，人们往往忽视了步行的好处，但步行的好处最近再次引起了人们对提高步行能力的兴趣。本文以交通规划和网络设计为主题，首先介绍了一个概念性的双层网络设计框架，以提高步行能力。根据该框架，我们进行了专题综述，重点关注通过交通规划和设计元素来模拟和提高步行宜行性。通过回答系统分类方案（SCS）的问题，对已确定的研究进行了综合。在肯定前人研究取得的进展的同时，我们也揭示了仍然存在的挑战，并确定了交通研究的潜在方向。

引用次数: 0