{"title":"Review of periodical literature for 2023: (i) 400–1100","authors":"Máirín MacCarron","doi":"10.1111/ehr.13404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.13404","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47868,"journal":{"name":"Economic History Review","volume":"78 1","pages":"345-351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of periodical literature for 2023: (iv) 1700–1850","authors":"Karolina Hutková","doi":"10.1111/ehr.13403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.13403","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47868,"journal":{"name":"Economic History Review","volume":"78 1","pages":"371-377"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Slavery, Capitalism and the Industrial Revolution. Maxine Berg and Pat Hudson, (Polity Press, 2023. Pp. 228. ISBN 9781509552689, Hbk £25)","authors":"Cameron Bowman","doi":"10.1111/ehr.13401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.13401","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47868,"journal":{"name":"Economic History Review","volume":"78 1","pages":"339-340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Apprenticeship, Work, Society in Early Modern Venice. Eds Anna Bellavitis and Valentina Sapienza, (Routledge, 2023. Pp. 304. 66B/W illustrations. ISBN 9781032053516 HbK £125)","authors":"Patrick Wallis","doi":"10.1111/ehr.13398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.13398","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47868,"journal":{"name":"Economic History Review","volume":"78 1","pages":"335-336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Common Land in Britain: A History from the Middle Ages to the Present Day. Angus J. L. Winchester, (Boydell & Brewer, 2024. Pp. 330. 46 B/W illustrations, 19 maps. ISBN 9781837651320, Pbk £25.99)","authors":"Tine De Moor","doi":"10.1111/ehr.13400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.13400","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47868,"journal":{"name":"Economic History Review","volume":"78 1","pages":"333-334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding the Private-Public Divide: Markets, Governments and Time Horizons. Avner Offer, (Cambridge University Press, 2022. Pp. 200. 18 figures, 4 tables. ISBN 9781108791663, Pbk. £23.99)","authors":"John Turner","doi":"10.1111/ehr.13399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.13399","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47868,"journal":{"name":"Economic History Review","volume":"78 1","pages":"343-344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Navigating Nationalism in Global Enterprise: A Century of Indo-German Business Relations. Christina Lubinski, (Cambridge University Press, 2022. Pp. 300. ISBN 9781316511282. Hbk. £75)","authors":"Marie Huber","doi":"10.1111/ehr.13395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.13395","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47868,"journal":{"name":"Economic History Review","volume":"78 1","pages":"341-342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustained long-distance trade in the early modern era necessitated institutional mechanisms capable of solving three interrelated challenges: the need to mobilize an unprecedented volume of capital and to lock it in for long periods of time, ways of mitigating the principal–agent problem across continents, and methods to internalize and distribute the high risks associated with intercontinental sailing. The case of Manila represents an alternative institutional approach to achieving market impersonality and solving the three fundamental challenges without the need for joint-stock corporations, and extending beyond private and cultural networks. By adapting urban religious institutions such as brotherhoods and using legacy funds to facilitate pooling savings, Manileños managed to establish a capital market capable of mobilizing large resources towards trade finance during the long eighteenth century.
{"title":"The far side of capitalism: Institutions and trade financing in Manila during the long eighteenth century","authors":"Juan José Rivas Moreno","doi":"10.1111/ehr.13393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.13393","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sustained long-distance trade in the early modern era necessitated institutional mechanisms capable of solving three interrelated challenges: the need to mobilize an unprecedented volume of capital and to lock it in for long periods of time, ways of mitigating the principal–agent problem across continents, and methods to internalize and distribute the high risks associated with intercontinental sailing. The case of Manila represents an alternative institutional approach to achieving market impersonality and solving the three fundamental challenges without the need for joint-stock corporations, and extending beyond private and cultural networks. By adapting urban religious institutions such as brotherhoods and using legacy funds to facilitate pooling savings, Manileños managed to establish a capital market capable of mobilizing large resources towards trade finance during the long eighteenth century.</p>","PeriodicalId":47868,"journal":{"name":"Economic History Review","volume":"78 4","pages":"1068-1087"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ehr.13393","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145204817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We explore which business forms were predominant in the later Victorian economy and why some forms were more effective among large British manufacturing firms during this period. With a dataset of 483 manufacturing firms in 1881 that either employed at least 1000 or had done so a decade earlier, we find that the great majority were partnerships. Public corporations attained higher capital–labour ratios and stronger employment growth than other business forms. The separation of ownership from control was most effective where it was most thoroughly practised, as by public, in contrast to private, corporations. Engineers were frequently encountered in all business forms and associated with expanding employment. But the large public manufacturing corporations employed almost twice the proportion of engineers and professionals in top management as other enterprises. Family firms, proxied by heirs, were present in management of three-quarters of partnerships but in only one-third of public corporations. Heirs reduced the employment growth of the firm, whereas engineers boosted it. Lords, mayors, and landed wealth in management were also associated with faster employment growth of enterprises.
{"title":"Business forms and business performance in UK manufacturing 1871–81","authors":"James Foreman-Peck, Leslie Hannah","doi":"10.1111/ehr.13392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.13392","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We explore which business forms were predominant in the later Victorian economy and why some forms were more effective among large British manufacturing firms during this period. With a dataset of 483 manufacturing firms in 1881 that either employed at least 1000 or had done so a decade earlier, we find that the great majority were partnerships. Public corporations attained higher capital–labour ratios and stronger employment growth than other business forms. The separation of ownership from control was most effective where it was most thoroughly practised, as by public, in contrast to private, corporations. Engineers were frequently encountered in all business forms and associated with expanding employment. But the large public manufacturing corporations employed almost twice the proportion of engineers and professionals in top management as other enterprises. Family firms, proxied by heirs, were present in management of three-quarters of partnerships but in only one-third of public corporations. Heirs reduced the employment growth of the firm, whereas engineers boosted it. Lords, mayors, and landed wealth in management were also associated with faster employment growth of enterprises.</p>","PeriodicalId":47868,"journal":{"name":"Economic History Review","volume":"78 4","pages":"1231-1254"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ehr.13392","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145204735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To what extent was the summer of 1931 a financial crisis in Britain? Previous research has shown how London merchant banks were affected, but it remains unclear to what extent the largest commercial banks of London – the clearing banks – were under threat. Monthly balance sheets reported by clearing banks do not fully reflect the day-to-day liquidity in financial crisis, possibly overstating available liquidity. This article does not rely on what clearing banks reported, but what the largest five London clearing banks actually did on a daily basis during the summer of 1931. I find that the London clearing banks were not seriously under threat. This is because large-scale asset purchases by the Bank of England stabilized the liquidity of the London clearing banks. This intervention is consistent with previous crisis situations during the nineteenth century and at the outset of the First World War.
1931年夏天英国的金融危机在多大程度上是一场危机？先前的研究显示了伦敦商业银行受到了怎样的影响，但目前尚不清楚伦敦最大的商业银行——清算银行——受到了多大程度的威胁。清算银行报告的月度资产负债表并不能完全反映金融危机中的日常流动性，可能夸大了可用流动性。本文不依赖于清算银行的报告，而是依赖于1931年夏天伦敦最大的五家清算银行每天的实际交易量。我发现，伦敦清算银行并没有受到严重威胁。这是因为英国央行（Bank of England）的大规模资产购买稳定了伦敦清算银行的流动性。这种干预与十九世纪和第一次世界大战开始时的以往危机局势是一致的。
{"title":"Financial crisis of 1931? British banking stability and the role of open-market operations","authors":"Matthias Römer","doi":"10.1111/ehr.13391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.13391","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To what extent was the summer of 1931 a financial crisis in Britain? Previous research has shown how London merchant banks were affected, but it remains unclear to what extent the largest commercial banks of London – the clearing banks – were under threat. Monthly balance sheets reported by clearing banks do not fully reflect the day-to-day liquidity in financial crisis, possibly overstating available liquidity. This article does not rely on what clearing banks reported, but what the largest five London clearing banks actually did on a daily basis during the summer of 1931. I find that the London clearing banks were not seriously under threat. This is because large-scale asset purchases by the Bank of England stabilized the liquidity of the London clearing banks. This intervention is consistent with previous crisis situations during the nineteenth century and at the outset of the First World War.</p>","PeriodicalId":47868,"journal":{"name":"Economic History Review","volume":"78 4","pages":"1180-1201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ehr.13391","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145204830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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