Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal最新文献

Objective: Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is based on power as fundamental to doing research. It evolved as a way of "knowing" from the broader idea of natural science. While previously viewed as objective, natural science is now understood as, at least, partially socially constructed.

Method: History of research and epistemology is reviewed in terms of science. More specifically, we delve into science as social construction and how this conceptually opens the door to considering power in its processes. We then unpack CBPR as one way to do mental health research that artfully weaves power into method.

Results: Natural science has evolved from believing scientism (i.e., the scientific method) is sufficient to describe physical and social phenomena to terms of social constructivism; namely, the social processes that impact investigators are necessary to understand science and its product. This highlights the role of power; namely, investigator choices about hypotheses, methods, analyses, and interpretations influence the products of individual studies. The recovery movement is the embodiment of power that significantly changed research and rehabilitation in mental health. CBPR has emerged to include people with lived experience in the research enterprise. CBPR is partnership among people with lived experience, health scientists, and service providers in all facets of doing research.

Conclusions and implications for practice: Integrating CBPR into rehabilitation science has led to findings and actions that better serve community objectives. Continuing to weave CBPR into research and development will further enhance recovery in practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: This systematic review examined community-based participatory research (CBPR) studies in which people with mental illness (PWMI) directly contributed to research projects. The purpose was to describe study characteristics, team structure and logistics, and level of involvement of in the research process.

Method: We searched the PsycINFO database from January 2000 to July 2020, identifying 1,395 records and analyzing the 31 that met inclusion criteria. Articles were eligible if they were (a) published in English in a peer-reviewed journal; (b) explicitly stated that at least one adult with mental illness assisted with the study as a CBPR team member; and (c) included a research outcome.

Results: Most studies collected qualitative data. Project length, team composition, and frequency of meetings were not specified in about one third of the articles. Twenty-nine studies reported involvement of people with mental illness in research activities such as recruitment, data collection, transcription, and analysis. Nearly half did not specify if they received any training.

Conclusions and implications for practice: Individuals with mental illness were heavily involved in planning and conducting research, demonstrating the feasibility of meaningful involvement. Future research should consider how people with lived experience can assist with quantitative methods, and articles should clearly and explicitly describe characteristics of the partnership (e.g., team composition, frequency of meetings, compensation). The protocol is published in Open Science registry at https://osf.io/mshfb. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Including people most impacted by a challenge in designing and implementing solutions to that challenge has reemerged in social science research. In prison settings, academics' outside knowledge of "what works" combined with incarcerated people's inside knowledge of lived experience could lead to more comprehensive rehabilitative programs. This combined approach may make less sense as an intervention in prison, however, due to sensitive and complicated interpersonal dynamics. We determine if incarcerated women perceive prison programs as more efficacious when other incarcerated women are collaboratively involved in the design and implementation of those programs, as compared to other program delivery methods. Methods: We employ a participatory action research framework in administering a randomized vignette to 200 incarcerated women. We randomize who designs and teaches a prison program in a hypothetical scenario, with incarcerated women alongside university researchers the key combined condition of interest. We then ask a series of questions regarding incarcerated women's perception of the program's efficacy. Results: Women who received the combined condition were four times more likely to view the program as legitimate when compared to programs taught by correctional staff. The combined condition was not significantly different on legitimacy when compared to either researchers alone or incarcerated women alone. We did not observe other expected relationships between the combined condition and perceived program efficacy. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: Researcher and incarcerated person-led programming should be implemented carefully in institutional settings to leverage the value of lived experience while avoiding creating further harm for confined people. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Supported education (SEd) provides individualized support to people with mental health problems to achieve their educational goals. Individual placement and support (IPS) has emerged as a model through which SEd may be efficiently delivered. However, the components and characteristics of educational support for these employment-focused services have not been fully explored. Building on earlier studies, we constructed a preliminary model of SEd components that integrated with the IPS model. The SEd model included the eight original principles of IPS, developed to reflect the SEd component, and two new principles were suggested. The aim of the study is to investigate these adapted principles by exploring the feasibility of applying them within established IPS programs providing both employment and educational services.

Methods: An organizational learning approach was taken, involving five IPS programs providing both employment and educational services to young adults with mental health problems. Data were collected through focus groups, interviews, and workshops with 19 IPS specialists.

Results: The results suggest that while the IPS principles provide a feasible and relevant structure for the development and provision of integrated services, adaptations that reflect the educational context were considered valuable when supporting young adults in pursuing their career-related goals.

Conclusions and implications for practice: The respondents confirmed that the SEd principles and the focus on support in educational contexts helped them to further develop their knowledge and strategies. While challenging, integrating SEd in IPS models shows good potential for supporting young adults as they struggle to reach longer term career-oriented goals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Voices of people with lived experience led to a recovery-based revolution in rehabilitation practices and principles. Hence, these same voices must be included as partners in the research enterprise meant to evaluate ongoing developments in this area. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is the one way to do this. CBPR is not really new to the rehabilitation arena; Rogers and Palmer-Erbs highlighted the paradigm shift in rehabilitation research calling for participatory action research (PAR). PAR is action-oriented and rooted in partnerships between people with lived experience, service providers, and intervention researchers. This special section briefly highlights important topics that highlight the continued need for CBPR in our research enterprise. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Different predictors of job tenure for people with a severe mental illness (SMI) have been documented. Conflicting results may be explained by the choice of indicators to measure job tenure. This study aimed to assess the contribution of employment specialist competencies working in supported employment programs, client variables, and work accommodations, in determining job tenure in the regular labor market.

Method: A longitudinal study was conducted over 6 months, including people with SMI (n = 209) registered in 24 Canadian supported employment programs. Multivariable modeling analyses were performed.

Results: Overall, 67% (n = 140) of the sample were employed at the 6-month follow-up. Multilevel analyses showed that shorter duration of unemployment (i.e., the number of weeks worked), employment specialist knowledge, and working alliance were the strongest predictors of job tenure for people with SMI. With respect to the number of hours worked per week, diagnosis, executive functions, social functioning, work accommodations, and employment specialist skills were the strongest predictors of job tenure for people with SMI, with 57% of variance explained.

Conclusions and implications for practice: Understanding the various predictors of job tenure can assist employment specialists in providing better interventions for the work integration of people with SMI. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: This study involved the development, dissemination, and pre- and postassessment of a mental illness awareness webinar. The goal of the webinar is to educate the general public about serious mental illness (SMI) and reduce stigmatizing attitudes.

Method: The study included 203 participants (n = 101 treatment group; n = 102 control group). Each completed a pretest and posttest measure of a mental illness stigma scale and a transphobia scale in this randomized control trial research design, along with a demographic form and participant feedback questionnaire.

Results: Results revealed that stigma was significantly reduced from pretest to posttest depending on group condition. Participant feedback reflected generally positive responses to the benefits of participating in the webinar in terms of feeling more knowledgeable about SMI in particular (75.5%). Furthermore, while prior contact with people with-and prior education about-SMI alone did not appear to significantly impact stigma scores from pre- to posttest, these variables did appear to have a significant interaction in their combined impact on stigma scores.

Conclusions and implications for practice: Findings suggest that the mental illness awareness training holds promise as an effective tool or reducing stigma among members of the general public. The electronic nature of the webinar allows for widespread and cost-effective dissemination and can also be tailored to meet the needs of specific populations such as law enforcement, first responders, and veterans to destigmatize SMI and improve treatment seeking. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Occupational function assessment is essential for rehabilitation of severe mental illness but lacks comprehensive tools.

Method: This study examines the psychometric properties of the Chinese versions of the Vocational Cognitive Rating Scale (VCRS) and the Work Behavior Inventory (WBI) in 60 chronic patients from a psychiatric daycare center and identifies clinical correlates of occupational function measured on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).

Results: The Chinese VCRS and WBI showed adequate internal consistency, interrater and test-retest reliability, and good convergent validity with the Comprehensive Occupational Therapy Evaluation Scale. Factor analysis favored a one-factor solution of the VCRS; and a four-factor structure in the WBI including Efficiency, Social Interaction, Appropriateness, and Regularity. The VCRS and Efficiency were predicted by fewer disorganization but greater affective symptoms. Social Interaction was negatively predicted by resistance symptoms. Appropriateness was associated with all but negative symptoms. Regularity was predicted by fewer negative symptoms. Considering work behavior altogether, WBI total scores were predicted by fewer negative, fewer disorganization, and greater affective symptoms.

Conclusions and implication for practice: Findings suggest that the Chinese VCRS and WBI have sound psychometric properties and are suitable for both clinical trials and for planning personalized rehabilitation programs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: To illustrate the value of reading fiction as a group supervision practice focused on supporting recovery-oriented psychotherapy for individuals experiencing serious mental illness (SMI).

Method: Detailed practical description of the practice and conceptual analysis of the proposed value of using fiction as a group supervision method.

Findings: Authors suggest that the supervisory practice is a novel component of clinical supervision, and offers value in its ability to promote reflective practice, to establish intersubjectivity among peers and supervisory relationships, and may serve for some to counter risks of clinician burnout.

Conclusions and implications for practice: Participating in a book club that reads fiction as an adjunctive experience to supervision can promote recovery-oriented psychotherapy in four key ways: including its promotion of reflection on self, patients, and the experience of therapy for psychosis, its promotion of reflection on recovery and barriers to recovery, its ability to offer an experiential model of intersubjectivity, and its value in supporting peer consultation and helping offset clinician burnout. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).