Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal最新文献

Objective: Psychotic experiences, such as hearing voices that others do not hear, being afraid of threats that others do not perceive, or believing in ideas that others find implausible can be confusing for those who face them and challenging to relate to for those who do not, leading to alienation and social exclusion. The objective of this article is to discuss how immersion in theater can enhance our understanding of human nature and facilitate a social environment that supports the recovery of individuals with psychosis.

Methods: Drawing on theories of the psychology of art and narrative psychology, this conceptual article discusses a theatrical production, a play, titled "Voices," created by a person with lived experience of voice hearing. We apply Semenov's model of art as a social psychological system as a guiding framework to focus on the roles of the art product, artist-author, artist-performer, and recipient.

Results: Theater is a uniquely reciprocal art form where actors and spectators share emotional, intellectual, and cathartic experiences, which could foster interpersonal connection, personal growth, and empathy. This article brings new perspective on how theater can elucidate psychotic experiences, encourage dialogue about these experiences, and facilitate social integration and recovery of individuals living with psychosis.

Conclusion and implications for practice: Theater can promote social change, making space for a wider range of perspectives in society. Engaging individuals with lived experiences of psychosis in theatrical productions could lead to new insights about and acceptance of psychotic experiences, both for these individuals and for society at large. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Despite arts advancement and advocacy in education, research, and clinical practice, the arts, including music, dance, theater, and visual art, continue to be largely viewed as stimulating and not necessarily scientifically sound disciplines. This article describes the intentional and methodical use of artistic inquiry to expand the grasp of the mental health condition of depression and suggest ways to engage with it.

Methods: Different art forms, dance/movement, collage, sculpting, photography, and watercolor were utilized in separate artistic inquiries to explore and better understand the phenomenon of depression, specifically the elements emptiness, hopelessness, and uncertainty.

Results: The engagement with art revealed that darkness promotes the germination of something new and valuable. Another discovery was that change is constant in life and can be a comforting fact considering that depression may feel interminable. Last, connection was found to be crucial. When two colors were blended, they yielded another hue and thus a novel outlook on life.

Conclusions and implications for practice: Artistic inquiry is not only an intuitive and freely accessible tool, but it also offers a unique understanding of the human condition that is rich in meaning and personally relevant. By methodically engaging with art during uncertainties or when facing a clinical or personal challenge, practitioners can increase their insight and develop exceptional and creative solutions that may contribute to psychiatric rehabilitation and recovery. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: This article describes the rational, methods, implementation, and effectiveness of Identity Development Evolution and Sharing (IDEAS), an evidence-supported, narrative theater-based training that reduces stigma among health care providers to increase health care equity in psychiatric rehabilitation.

Method: The IDEAS model has been used to reduce provider bias toward patients. From May 2017 to January 2020, we interviewed people from three patient groups who have been harmed by stigma, including Black women, transgender, and gender-diverse people, and people with substance use disorders. These interviews informed the creation of three theatrical scripts that were performed by professional actors for audiences of health care providers from January 2020 to May 2022. The performances aimed to raise conscious awareness of implicit provider biases and to provide a reflective opportunity to ameliorate these biases. The purpose of IDEAS is to improve experiences in health care settings such as psychiatric rehabilitation of patients from groups who have been harmed by stigma. We used paired-samples t tests to compare pre/postprovider stigma, measured via the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Stigma (AAQ-S).

Results: Sociodemographic factors for providers who viewed IDEAS were similar across all three performances. IDEAS significantly decreased AAQ-S scores (t = 11.32, df = 50, M = 13.65, 95% confidence limit: [11.32, 15.97], p < .0001).

Conclusions and implications for practice: IDEAS reduces provider stigma to support positive clinical encounters with diverse patient populations. These findings are relevant for psychiatric rehabilitation settings, which seek to establish positive rapport between providers and patients. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Severe loneliness infrequently occurs in the general population but has very significant impacts on health and quality of life. This study examined the extent to which severe loneliness is experienced by adults with serious mental illnesses (SMIs) relative to adults in the general population and its possible implications for psychiatric rehabilitation services.

Method: Data were gathered from samples of individuals with SMI (N = 231) and a general community sample of adults (N = 300) using the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale.

Results: The results indicate that loneliness was much greater among those with SMI than the general adult population sample (Cohen's d = 1.220) and approximately 41% of the participants with SMI were "severely lonely" versus 7.3% of the non-SMI adult sample.

Conclusions and implications for practice: Severe loneliness is extremely common among individuals with SMI. Psychiatric rehabilitation services that focus on socialization and mattering are needed to address this significant public health issue. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: The purpose of this article is to suggest ways in which literary practices such as reading of fiction and creative writing may be beneficial for psychiatrists in their clinical practice.

Methods: Concepts from literary theory, phenomenology, and psychodynamic thinking will be used to move the therapeutic thinking of the medical paradigm beyond the dichotomic body-mind model. The ability to listen and respond to subjective and intersubjective processes, and the understanding of the dynamics and structure of the verbalized qualia will be emphasized. We will draw on our personal experiences from a pilot project applying literary techniques for psychiatrists and psychologists to improve their clinical practice.

Results: In our analysis, we suggest a framing of the clinical encounter as a hermeneutic situation with a gradually growing scenic and poetic understanding of the texts enunciated in the therapeutic actions and of the texts being produced by the patient's mind.

Conclusions and implications for practice: This theoretical study suggests two ways in which literary practices and concepts are highly valuable for the clinical practice of psychologists and psychiatrists. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: To examine the impacts of Housing First (HF) on parent-child relationships for Indigenous and non-Indigenous parents experiencing homelessness and mental illness.

Method: Data on parent-child relationships were obtained through baseline and 18-month narrative interviews with parents (N = 43). Participants were randomly assigned to HF (N = 27) or treatment as usual (TAU; N = 16). Parent-child relationship changes were coded as positive or no change. Comparisons between HF and TAU groups were examined for Indigenous parents (N = 21) and non-Indigenous parents (N = 22).

Results: Parents in HF reported more positive changes, proportionally, in their relationships with their children, when compared with parents in the TAU group. Among Indigenous parents, proportionally more in HF (eight of 13 parents) reported positive changes in their relationships with their children, compared with those in TAU (one of eight parents). For non-Indigenous parents, however, those in HF (five of 14 parents) reported proportionally similar positive changes in relationships with their children to those in TAU (two of eight parents). Narratives of Indigenous parents in HF showed that they made considerable progress over 18 months in reconciling with their children.

Conclusions and implications for practice: Findings underscore the potential of HF to promote positive parent-child relationships. For Indigenous parents, HF programs that are designed, implemented, and staffed by Indigenous service-providers; guided by Indigenous worldviews; and employ culturally relevant and culturally safe practices are exemplars for understanding how HF programs can be adapted to positively impact parent-child relationships. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Psychotherapy as a practice in the field of psychiatric rehabilitation is increasingly seen as a means to promote recovery from serious mental illness (SMI). While mostly informed by mental health theory and research, art might offer profound and enduring insights to inform psychotherapy with people with SMI. In this article, we argue that jazz, a form of art which entails both structure and improvising, may enrich and broaden clinicians' abilities to facilitate meaning-making with clients to promote recovery.

Method: Through the literature review and theoretical synthesis, we explore how jazz may be a space where specific processes can be observed and accordingly guide psychotherapy focused on subjective forms of recovery.

Results: We argue that jazz offers a space to see how timing, risk-taking, the ability to be simultaneously inside and outside an activity, and support for the process of tension and release can inform and inspire the process of improvisation within psychotherapy.

Conclusion and implications for practice: Jazz offers a creative framework which can help clinicians observe and facilitate recovery processes in psychotherapy. The perspective of jazz in the therapeutic arena of psychiatric rehabilitation emphasizes the potential of the arts and humanities to continue to enrich our understanding and guide our teaching and training. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

This article presents an introduction to the special issue of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal. This special issue explores what exposure to various forms of art can add to the understanding of human nature, including mental health, and in particular, efforts and ways to advance psychiatric rehabilitation and recovery. While psychiatric rehabilitation is increasingly positioned as a scientific enterprise, we ask whether this field can benefit from lessons learned from the arts. More specifically, the authors explore how the arts can enhance the field of psychiatric rehabilitation by helping those in this field to understand, through new perspectives, the experiences of people with mental health issues. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: In the framework of daily time use, physical activity, and interpersonal relationships in patients with schizophrenia project, we aimed to investigate (a) within and between-group differences in daily time use of individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) and unaffected controls, stratifying them by age, sex, and employment status; (b) the associations between daily time use, the severity of psychiatric symptoms, and psychosocial functioning amongst those with SSD.

Method: From October 2020 to October 2021, 306 outpatients and 312 individuals living in residential facilities (RFs) with SSD were recruited from 37 centers across Italy and compared on a measure of daily time use with 113 people unaffected by mental health problems. Statistical analyses included chi-squared tests, analysis of variance tests, t tests, Pearson's correlations, and nonparametric corresponding tests.

Results: Individuals with SSD spent significantly more time in sedentary activities, leisure, and religious activities than unaffected controls, independent of age, sex, and employment status. Unaffected controls and outpatients spent more time engaged in productive activities than patients in RFs. Among the latter group, time spent in productive activities decreased significantly after 45 years of age, while time spent in self-care activities increased. Spending time engaged in sedentary activities was associated with greater severity of psychiatric symptoms and lower levels of functioning.

Conclusions and implications for practice: This study provides a deep understanding of how individuals with SSD spend their time and how this is associated with the severity of their mental health problems. These findings highlight the need for proactive rehabilitation programs to promote productive occupation and social inclusion of people with SSD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).