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Hypertrophy Training Following A Total Hip Replacement: A Literature Review. 全髋关节置换术后的增肌训练:文献综述。
IF 1.6 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-02 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.26603/001c.93075
Tyson Bull, Andrew Erzen, John O'Donnell, Michael Rafla, David Georgy, Mia Bailey, Amir Takla

Hip OA is becoming more common, with a greater number of younger individuals undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). These individuals have the desire to return to considerable loading and in some instances return to sport. The purpose of this review was to investigate the current guidelines and/or protocols for hypertrophy or strengthening in individuals who have undergone total hip arthroplasty. A total of 16 papers were identified, some of which also addressed total knee arthroplasty. There is no consensus for the best practice for a hypertrophy program following THA especially regarding when a direct anterior approach was used during hip arthroplasty. Further research is needed as this is a growing area in rehabilitation. This review aims to bridge the gap by offering a comprehensive synthesis of the available literature on postoperative rehabilitation after THA, with a specific emphasis on identifying the most effective muscular strengthening and hypertrophy training programs for patients undergoing anterior approach hip surgery.

髋关节 OA 越来越常见,越来越多的年轻人接受了全髋关节置换术(THA)。这些人希望恢复相当大的负荷,在某些情况下还希望重返运动场。本综述的目的是调查针对接受全髋关节置换术的患者进行肥大或增强训练的现行指南和/或方案。共发现 16 篇论文,其中一些还涉及全膝关节置换术。对于全髋关节置换术后肥大计划的最佳实践还没有达成共识,尤其是在髋关节置换术中使用直接前路时。由于这是一个不断发展的康复领域,因此需要进一步的研究。本综述旨在全面综述有关髋关节置换术后康复的现有文献,特别强调为接受前路髋关节手术的患者确定最有效的肌肉强化和肥大训练计划,从而弥补这一空白。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Variations in Knee and Hip Angles on Electromyographic Activity of the Hamstrings and Related Muscles During the Nordic Hamstring Exercise. 北欧式腘绳肌运动中膝关节和髋关节角度变化对腘绳肌及相关肌肉肌电图活动的影响
IF 1.6 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-02 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.26603/001c.92745
Taspol Keerasomboon, Toshiaki Soga, Norikazu Hirose

Background: The benefit of performing the Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) on an inclined board has been described, however, isometric hamstring activation in different knee and hip angles has not yet been thoroughly explored.

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of variations in knee and hip angles during the isometric performance of the NHE on electromyographic activity of the hamstring muscles.

Study design: Crossover study.

Methods: Thirteen male volunteers performed isometric contractions during the NHE with the knee (30°, 50°, 60°) and the hip (0°, 30°, and 45°) in various angles of flexion on a leg support platform which was inclined at 30°. An electrical goniometer was used to monitor the knee and hip joint angles during 5-s isometric contractions. A multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to compare normalized electromyographic values of each muscle across different knee and hip angles, followed by pairwise comparisons.

Results: The electromyographic activity of the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus at a knee angle of 30° and hip angle of 0° were significantly higher than those observed with a knee angle of 50° and hip angle of 0°, or a knee angle of 60° and hip angle of 0° (p<0.05). The electromyographic activity of the semimembranosus at a knee angle of 60° and hip angle of 45° was significantly higher than values obtained with knee and hip angles of 60° and 0°, respectively (p<0.05).

Conclusions: The results indicate that using a knee flexion of 30° and a hip flexion of 0°, while isometrically performing the NHE on a platform inclined at 30°, may optimize electromyographic activity of the hamstrings.

Level of evidence: 3.

背景:目的:本研究调查了在斜板上进行北欧腘绳肌锻炼(NHE)的益处,但尚未对不同膝关节和髋关节角度下的腘绳肌等长激活进行深入探讨:研究设计:交叉研究:13 名男性志愿者在倾斜 30° 的腿部支撑平台上进行 NHE 等长收缩时,膝关节(30°、50°、60°)和髋关节(0°、30° 和 45°)处于不同的屈曲角度。在 5 秒钟等长收缩过程中,使用电动量角计监测膝关节和髋关节角度。采用重复测量的多变量方差分析比较每块肌肉在不同膝关节和髋关节角度下的归一化肌电值,然后进行配对比较:结果:膝关节角度为 30°、髋关节角度为 0°时,股二头肌、半腱肌和半膜肌的肌电活动明显高于膝关节角度为 50°、髋关节角度为 0°,或膝关节角度为 60°、髋关节角度为 0°时所观察到的肌电活动(p结论:结果表明,在倾斜度为 30°的平台上进行 NHE 运动时,膝关节屈曲 30°,髋关节屈曲 0°,可以优化腘绳肌的肌电活动:3.
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引用次数: 0
Development and Feasibility of an Adolescent Dancer Screen. 青少年舞者筛查的开发与可行性。
IF 1.6 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-02 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.26603/001c.92902
Kynaston Schultz, Kathleen Sun Worrall, Zoe Tawa, Joanna Binney, Jessica Boyle, Laurel Daniels Abbruzzese

Background: Adolescent dancers are at high risk for injuries due to the physical demands of dance training and the physiological changes that occur during adolescence. Though studies report high injury rates, there are few standardized screening tools available for adolescent dancers.

Hypothesis/purpose: To develop and describe a standardized, feasible, evidence-based, and clinically relevant screen for adolescent dancers.

Study design: Descriptive Epidemiology Study.

Methods: Dancers at two suburban pre-professional dance studios, in two cohorts, participated in the Columbia Adolescent Dancer Screen (CADS) that includes dance injury history, health questionnaires (EAT-26, SF-36, DFOS), aerobic capacity, range of motion, strength, balance/orthopedic special tests, and dance technique. Participants were asked to complete a weekly injury surveillance questionnaire derived from the Dance-Specific Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Questionnaire on Health Problems for 14 weeks following the screening. Feasibility was assessed using process and content analysis in four areas: practicality, demand, implementation, and adaptation.

Results: Descriptive data were collected from 32 female dancers aged 11-17 with cohort one averaging 18.57 dance hours per week and cohort two averaging 10.6 dance hours per week. The screen was practical, able to screen seven to eight dancers per hour utilizing nine assessors and requiring a one-hour commitment from dancers. Cost and space requirements were considered and kept to a minimum while utilizing portable equipment. All screening slots were filled with all dancers agreeing to follow-up injury surveillance, indicating high demand. The screen was implemented with two cohorts with revisions to improve efficiency applied for the second cohort.

Conclusion: The CADS is a feasible screening tool for adolescent dancers that overcomes barriers by being pragmatic, evidence-based, and efficient. Screening can be implemented to obtain baseline values, inform wellness recommendations, and establish relationships with medical professionals.

Level of evidence: Level 3b.

背景:由于舞蹈训练对身体的要求以及青春期的生理变化,青少年舞蹈演员受伤的风险很高。尽管有研究报告称青少年舞蹈演员的受伤率很高,但目前针对青少年舞蹈演员的标准化筛查工具却很少。假设/目的:针对青少年舞蹈演员开发并描述一种标准化的、可行的、以证据为基础的、与临床相关的筛查方法:研究设计:描述性流行病学研究:郊区两家职业前舞蹈工作室的舞者分两批参加了哥伦比亚青少年舞者筛查(CADS),其中包括舞蹈受伤史、健康问卷(EAT-26、SF-36、DFOS)、有氧运动能力、运动范围、力量、平衡/矫形特殊测试和舞蹈技巧。要求参与者在筛查后的 14 周内,每周填写一份由奥斯陆运动创伤研究中心的舞蹈健康问题调查问卷衍生出的伤病监测问卷。在实用性、需求、实施和适应四个方面,采用过程和内容分析法对可行性进行了评估:从 32 名 11-17 岁的女性舞者中收集了描述性数据,第一组舞者平均每周跳舞 18.57 小时,第二组舞者平均每周跳舞 10.6 小时。该筛查方法非常实用,每小时可筛查 7 至 8 名舞者,使用 9 名评估员,舞者需投入一小时的时间。在使用便携式设备时,考虑到了成本和空间要求,并将其保持在最低水平。所有筛查名额都被填满,所有舞者都同意接受后续伤害监测,这表明需求量很大。该筛查在两批舞者中实施,并在第二批舞者中进行了修改以提高效率:结论:CADS 是一种针对青少年舞蹈演员的可行筛查工具,它以实用性、循证性和高效性为基础,克服了各种障碍。通过筛查可以获得基线值,为健康建议提供信息,并与医疗专业人员建立联系:证据等级:3b 级。
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引用次数: 0
MSK Ultrasound: A Powerful Tool for Evaluating and Diagnosing Pectoralis Major Injuries in Healthcare Practice. MSK 超声波:医疗实践中评估和诊断胸大肌损伤的有力工具。
IF 1.6 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.26603/001c.94157
Robert C Manske, Chris Wolfe, Phil Page, Michael Voight

Accurately diagnosing pectoralis major injuries, particularly in athletes, often presents a challenge for healthcare practitioners. Although pectoralis muscle injuries are relatively uncommon, the diagnosis of a tear may be overlooked without careful screening by a thorough physical examination of both the injured and uninjured sides. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has traditionally held the gold standard, musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSKUS) has emerged as a viable alternative. This article delves into the power of MSKUS in evaluating and diagnosing pectoralis major injuries, highlighting its dynamic capabilities, real-time visualization, and cost-effectiveness in comparison to MRI. By equipping healthcare professionals with a thorough understanding of MSKUS's potential, this article aims to empower them to confidently diagnose and manage pectoralis major injuries, ultimately improving patient outcomes and facilitating a faster return to function.

准确诊断胸大肌损伤,尤其是运动员的胸大肌损伤,常常给医疗从业人员带来挑战。虽然胸大肌损伤相对来说并不常见,但如果不通过对受伤和未受伤两侧进行彻底的身体检查来仔细筛查,可能会忽略撕裂的诊断。虽然磁共振成像(MRI)一直是金标准,但肌肉骨骼超声(MSKUS)已成为一种可行的替代方法。本文将深入探讨 MSKUS 在评估和诊断胸大肌损伤方面的强大功能,重点介绍其动态功能、实时可视化以及与核磁共振成像相比的成本效益。通过让医疗保健专业人员全面了解 MSKUS 的潜力,本文旨在让他们能够自信地诊断和处理胸大肌损伤,最终改善患者的治疗效果,促进患者更快地恢复功能。
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引用次数: 0
Implementing Velocity-Based Training to Optimize Return to Sprint After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Soccer Players: A Clinical Commentary. 实施基于速度的训练,优化足球运动员前十字韧带重建后的短跑恢复:临床评论
IF 1.6 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.26603/001c.92704
Florian Forelli, Jérôme Riera, Patrice Marine, Maxime Gaspar, Geoffrey Memain, Nicholas Miraglia, Mathias Nielsen-LE Roux, Ismail Bouzekraoui Alaoui, Georgios Kakavas, Timothy E Hewett, Enda King, Alexandre Jm Rambaud

After anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), return to sprint is poorly documented in the literature. In soccer, return to sprint is an essential component of return to play and performance after ACLR. The characteristics of running in soccer are specific (velocity differences, nonlinear, intensity). It is important to address these particularities, such as curvilinear running, acceleration, deceleration, changes of direction, and variations in velocity, in the patient's rehabilitation program. Force, velocity, and acceleration capacities are key elements to sprint performance. Velocity-based training (VBT) has gained much interest in recent years and may have a role to play in optimizing return to play and return to sprint after ACLR. Force, velocity, and acceleration can be assessed using force-velocity-power and acceleration-speed profiles, which should inform rehabilitation. The purpose of this commentary is to describe a velocity-based return to sprint program which can be used during ACLR rehabilitation.

前十字韧带重建(ACLR)后,恢复冲刺的文献记载很少。在足球运动中,恢复冲刺是前十字韧带重建术后恢复比赛和表现的重要组成部分。足球运动中的跑步具有特殊性(速度差异、非线性、强度)。在患者的康复计划中,必须解决这些特殊性,如曲线跑、加速、减速、方向变化和速度变化。力量、速度和加速能力是冲刺表现的关键因素。以速度为基础的训练(VBT)近年来备受关注,在前交叉韧带损伤后恢复比赛和恢复冲刺的过程中可能会起到优化作用。力、速度和加速度可通过力-速度-力量和加速度-速度剖面图进行评估,从而为康复提供参考。本评论旨在描述一种基于速度的恢复冲刺计划,该计划可在前交叉韧带重建康复期间使用。
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引用次数: 0
Gaining Ground. 取得进展。
IF 1.7 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.26603/001c.94017
Deon Bührs

Deon Bührs, Managing Director of Genie Health SA, on launching a hybrid healthcare delivery model in South Africa.

Genie Health SA 总经理 Deon Bührs 介绍在南非推出混合医疗服务模式的情况。
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引用次数: 0
The Changing World of Sports Physical Therapy. 不断变化的运动理疗世界。
IF 1.6 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.26603/001c.94379
Robert Mangine
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引用次数: 0
Why Your Patient May Need an ACL Reconstruction Plus Lateral Extra-Articular Tenodesis Procedure. 为什么您的病人可能需要前交叉韧带重建加外侧关节外腱膜切开术?
IF 1.6 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.26603/001c.94015
Amit Momaya, Chandler Harris, Matt Hargreaves

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are one of the most common knee injuries experienced by active individuals engaging in cutting sports. Despite improved surgical techniques and rehabilitation, the return to sport rate and re-tear rates remain unsatisfactory. Lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) is a procedure that has been growing in interest when performed in conjunction with ACL reconstruction. The benefits of adding an LET procedure to an ACL surgery may include greater rotational stability, decreased re-tear rates, and improved return to play. Level of evidence: V.

前十字韧带(ACL)撕裂是从事切削运动的运动员最常见的膝关节损伤之一。尽管手术技术和康复治疗有所改进,但恢复运动率和再次撕裂率仍不尽如人意。与前交叉韧带重建术同时进行的外侧关节外腱鞘切除术(LET)越来越受到关注。在前十字韧带手术的基础上增加外侧关节外腱鞘切除术的好处可能包括增强旋转稳定性、降低再撕裂率和提高运动恢复率。证据等级:V.
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引用次数: 0
An Interval Throwing Program for Baseball Pitchers Based upon Workload Data. 基于工作量数据的棒球投手间隔投掷训练计划
IF 1.6 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.26603/001c.94146
Michael M Reinold, Brittany Dowling, Glenn S Fleisig, Leonard C Macrina, Kevin E Wilk, John T Streepy, James R Andrews

Background: Interval throwing programs (ITP) have been used for decades to enable baseball pitchers to return to competition after injury or surgery by gradually applying load to the throwing arm. Past programs have been based on personal experience; however, advances in our understanding of the biomechanics and workloads of throwing allow for a more modern data-based program to be developed.

Hypothesis/purpose: To 1) develop a updated ITP for rehabilitation of modern baseball pitchers based upon biomechanical and throwing workload data, and 2) compare the updated program with a past program to determine differences in chronic workload and acute:chronic workload ratios (ACWR).

Study design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Workloads (i.e. daily, acute, chronic, and ACWR) for the original ITP were built from the prescribed throwing schedule. Elbow varus torque per throw was calculated based upon a relationship between elbow varus torque and throwing distance. Throw counts, daily/chronic/acute workloads, and ACWR were calculated and plotted over time. A new ITP was built to model current pitcher's throwing schedules and gradually increased ACWR over time.

Results: The original ITP had a throwing schedule of 136 days, final chronic workload 15.0, and the ACWR above or below the "safe" range (i.e. 0.7 - 1.3) for 18% of the program with a peak of 1.61. The updated ITP was built to consist of a 217-day schedule, final chronic workload of 10.8, and deviated from the safe range for 9% of the program, with a peak of 1.33.

Conclusion: The newly created ITP is more familiar to modern baseball pitchers while exhibiting a more gradual buildup of chronic workload than traditional ITP programs. This ITP may be used to return baseball pitchers back to competition as safely and efficiently as possible, and potentially with less risk of setbacks or reinjury. The ITP may be used following common injuries or surgeries to the throwing shoulder and elbow, such as Tommy John surgery, while also serving as a basis for future development of shorter duration ITPs.

Level of evidence: 2c.

背景:投掷间歇训练计划(ITP)已经使用了几十年,通过逐渐给投掷臂施加负荷,使棒球投手在受伤或手术后重返赛场。假设/目的:1)根据生物力学和投掷工作量数据,为现代棒球投手的康复制定最新的投掷计划;2)将最新计划与过去的计划进行比较,以确定慢性工作量和急性:慢性工作量比(ACWR)的差异:研究设计:横断面研究:研究设计:横断面研究。方法:根据规定的投掷时间表建立原始 ITP 的工作量(即每日、急性、慢性和 ACWR)。根据肘关节屈曲力矩与投掷距离之间的关系计算每次投掷的肘关节屈曲力矩。计算并绘制出投掷次数、每日/慢性/急性工作量和 ACWR 随时间变化的曲线。建立了一个新的ITP,以模拟当前投手的投掷计划,并随着时间的推移逐渐增加ACWR:结果:原始 ITP 的投掷计划为 136 天,最终慢性工作量为 15.0,在 18% 的计划中 ACWR 高于或低于 "安全 "范围(即 0.7 - 1.3),峰值为 1.61。更新后的 ITP 包括 217 天的计划,最终慢性工作量为 10.8,9% 的计划偏离安全范围,峰值为 1.33:新创建的 ITP 更为现代棒球投手所熟悉,同时与传统的 ITP 计划相比,慢性工作量的积累更加循序渐进。这种 ITP 可用于让棒球投手尽可能安全、高效地重返赛场,并有可能降低挫折或再次受伤的风险。ITP可用于投掷肩部和肘部的常见损伤或手术(如汤米-约翰手术)后,同时也可作为未来开发持续时间更短的ITP的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Reliability and Validity of the End Range Hamstring Strength Test with Handheld Dynamometry. 使用手持测力计进行腘绳肌末端力量测试的可靠性和有效性
IF 1.6 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.26603/001c.94011
Jakob Kristiansen, Christina Eddy, Stig Peter Magnusson

Background and purpose: Hamstring strength testing is crucial in assessing this important muscle group during rehabilitation and injury prevention. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of measuring strength in a maximally lengthened position using a handheld dynamometer (HHD) compared to isokinetic testing.

Methods: Twenty healthy and active participants were recruited, and isometric strength testing was performed both on the Biodex machine and isometric end-range hamstring testing with the HHD on two occasions.

Results: Significant strong correlations (r= 0.87, p < 0.0001) were found between strength testing on the Biodex machine and the HHD for both the right and left sides. Bland-Altman plots demonstrated agreement between the two measurements. Excellent intra-rater reliability (ICC= 0.91-0.93) and moderate to good inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.71-0.83) for the HHD test was demonstrated.

Conclusions: The HHD provides a reliable and valid alternative to isokinetic testing for assessing hamstring strength in a maximally lengthened position. This assessment can be valuable in monitoring rehabilitation progress and detecting deficits before and after returning to play. The HHD is an accessible and cost-effective option for assessing hamstring strength at long lengths in a clinical setting.

Level of evidence: 3.

背景和目的:腘绳肌力量测试对于评估康复和预防损伤过程中的这一重要肌群至关重要。本研究的目的是评估使用手持式测力计(HHD)与等动测试相比,在最大拉伸位置测量力量的可靠性和有效性:方法:招募 20 名健康且活跃的参与者,在 Biodex 机器上进行等长力量测试,并使用 HHD 进行两次等长腘绳肌末端测试:结果:在 Biodex 机器上进行的力量测试和使用 HHD 进行的左右侧等长腘绳肌末端测试之间存在显著的强相关性(r= 0.87,p < 0.0001)。Bland-Altman 图显示了两种测量方法之间的一致性。HHD 测试的评定者内部可靠性极佳(ICC= 0.91-0.93),评定者之间的可靠性为中等至良好(ICC= 0.71-0.83):结论:在评估最大拉伸姿势下的腘绳肌力量时,HHD测试提供了一种可靠有效的替代等速测试的方法。这项评估对于监测康复进展和检测重返赛场前后的缺陷非常有价值。在临床环境中,HHD 是评估长距离腘绳肌力量的一种方便且具有成本效益的方法:3.
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy
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