This case study of the 2019 Farm Workforce Modernization Act explains how immigration policy is framed and how compromise is generated among legislators and interest groups with conflicting goals. This research relies on a content analysis of publicly available primary documents dating from 2019 to 2020, and a qualitative survey of 20 farmworker advocates. We argue that three overarching frames defined the policy problem and thus shaped policy proposals: (1) exploitative working conditions, (2) access to cheap labor, and (3) the rule of law. Further, we identified emotional appeals that buttressed each frame, consisting of ethics, agricultural exceptionalism, and the undeserving/deserving binary. Our analysis also reveals the Faustian bargains of members of the policy network and opposition from groups in the wider policy community. Though the FWMA did not reach the Senate floor, an analysis of how the policy problem was defined and how debate was framed offers insights into the process of policymaking around the polarizing issues of immigration and labor, while building on the scholarship on immigration frames, agricultural exceptionalism, and the role of emotions in framing.
{"title":"The Farm Workforce Modernization Act: Finding Common Ground at the Crossroads of Immigration and Labor Policy","authors":"Margaret Gray, Julie C. Keller, Molly Graver","doi":"10.1111/ruso.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.70035","url":null,"abstract":"This case study of the 2019 Farm Workforce Modernization Act explains how immigration policy is framed and how compromise is generated among legislators and interest groups with conflicting goals. This research relies on a content analysis of publicly available primary documents dating from 2019 to 2020, and a qualitative survey of 20 farmworker advocates. We argue that three overarching frames defined the policy problem and thus shaped policy proposals: (1) exploitative working conditions, (2) access to cheap labor, and (3) the rule of law. Further, we identified emotional appeals that buttressed each frame, consisting of ethics, agricultural exceptionalism, and the undeserving/deserving binary. Our analysis also reveals the Faustian bargains of members of the policy network and opposition from groups in the wider policy community. Though the FWMA did not reach the Senate floor, an analysis of how the policy problem was defined and how debate was framed offers insights into the process of policymaking around the polarizing issues of immigration and labor, while building on the scholarship on immigration frames, agricultural exceptionalism, and the role of emotions in framing.","PeriodicalId":47924,"journal":{"name":"RURAL SOCIOLOGY","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryan P. Thombs, Benjamin K. Sovacool, Andrew K. Jorgenson, Jonathan J. Buonocore, Mary D. Willis
Driven by climate and energy policy priorities in national and global contexts, coal phase‐out is expected to improve public health outcomes by reducing human exposure to air, water, and soil pollution and decreasing the number of workers in dangerous mining conditions. However, the transition may also increase economic distress in mining communities leading to poorer health outcomes—possibly offsetting the benefits of phasing out coal. We examine this hypothesis by assessing the relation between coal production, working hours per miner, coal mining employment, and life expectancy in 3076 U.S. counties (97.9% of all U.S. counties) from 2012 to 2019. We develop and apply a novel spatial modeling approach that combines the high‐dimensional half‐panel jackknife fixed effects estimator with the spatial lag of X model and examine whether increases and decreases in each predictor are associated with life expectancy. We find that an increase in coal mining employment in adjacent counties increases life expectancy in the focal county in the short and long run and vice versa for a decrease in employment, and that decreases in miner labor hours in adjacent counties increase life expectancy in the short and long run in the focal county. We also find that effects differ in Appalachia compared to the rest of the country—where increases in coal production are associated with decreases in life expectancy and is also where the effects of coal mining employment are concentrated. These findings suggest that both increasing and decreasing reliance on coal can negatively impact population health, and that these competing exposures underscore the importance of a Just Transition away from fossil fuels.
{"title":"A Not‐So‐Just Transition? Examining the Effects of Coal Sector Decline on Life Expectancy in U.S. Counties","authors":"Ryan P. Thombs, Benjamin K. Sovacool, Andrew K. Jorgenson, Jonathan J. Buonocore, Mary D. Willis","doi":"10.1111/ruso.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.70034","url":null,"abstract":"Driven by climate and energy policy priorities in national and global contexts, coal phase‐out is expected to improve public health outcomes by reducing human exposure to air, water, and soil pollution and decreasing the number of workers in dangerous mining conditions. However, the transition may also increase economic distress in mining communities leading to poorer health outcomes—possibly offsetting the benefits of phasing out coal. We examine this hypothesis by assessing the relation between coal production, working hours per miner, coal mining employment, and life expectancy in 3076 U.S. counties (97.9% of all U.S. counties) from 2012 to 2019. We develop and apply a novel spatial modeling approach that combines the high‐dimensional half‐panel jackknife fixed effects estimator with the spatial lag of X model and examine whether increases and decreases in each predictor are associated with life expectancy. We find that an increase in coal mining employment in adjacent counties increases life expectancy in the focal county in the short and long run and vice versa for a decrease in employment, and that decreases in miner labor hours in adjacent counties increase life expectancy in the short and long run in the focal county. We also find that effects differ in Appalachia compared to the rest of the country—where increases in coal production are associated with decreases in life expectancy and is also where the effects of coal mining employment are concentrated. These findings suggest that both increasing and decreasing reliance on coal can negatively impact population health, and that these competing exposures underscore the importance of a Just Transition away from fossil fuels.","PeriodicalId":47924,"journal":{"name":"RURAL SOCIOLOGY","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146042637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Rural Lawyer: How to Incentivize Rural Law Practice and Help Small Communities ThriveBy HannahHaksgaard, Cambridge, United Kingdom; New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2025. 204 pp. $30.99. ISBN: 978‐1‐00‐954284‐5","authors":"K. Aleks Schaefer, Brian R. Farrell","doi":"10.1111/ruso.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.70031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47924,"journal":{"name":"RURAL SOCIOLOGY","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145664446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrew R. Smolski, Michael D. Schulman, Juliene Porciuncula
Studies document the complex mental and physical health risks faced by farmers as a consequence of farm financial crises. The agrarian frames that farmers use to construct interpretations of events have been linked to stressors, barriers to care, and actions to navigate stress. In this study, we investigate how they frame the stress process through comparative analysis of interviews with 30 small‐scale farmer informants from three Southern states. Both Black and White respondents share a core, small‐scale agrarian frame that emphasizes the civic autonomy and sense of deprivation related to the scale of their farm operations. Black farmer participants described a racialized Black Agrarian frame overlapping with the small‐scale agrarian frame that centers around Black liberation and institutional racism. Alternatively, White farmers largely omit race from their framing of farm stress. The results enhance our understanding of the intersection among scale, race, and agrarian frames by providing a nuanced view of the relative differences between small‐scale farmers in their shared understandings of financial crises and farm stress. We conclude by highlighting the need for culturally informed mental health interventions and policies tailored to address the stressors and social narratives that characterize racially differentiated farming communities that also acknowledge the shared frame of small‐scale agrarianism.
{"title":"Agrarian Frames, Farm Financial Crisis, and Farmer Stress: A Qualitative Comparison of Small‐Scale Farmers","authors":"Andrew R. Smolski, Michael D. Schulman, Juliene Porciuncula","doi":"10.1111/ruso.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.70030","url":null,"abstract":"Studies document the complex mental and physical health risks faced by farmers as a consequence of farm financial crises. The agrarian frames that farmers use to construct interpretations of events have been linked to stressors, barriers to care, and actions to navigate stress. In this study, we investigate how they frame the stress process through comparative analysis of interviews with 30 small‐scale farmer informants from three Southern states. Both Black and White respondents share a core, small‐scale agrarian frame that emphasizes the civic autonomy and sense of deprivation related to the scale of their farm operations. Black farmer participants described a racialized Black Agrarian frame overlapping with the small‐scale agrarian frame that centers around Black liberation and institutional racism. Alternatively, White farmers largely omit race from their framing of farm stress. The results enhance our understanding of the intersection among scale, race, and agrarian frames by providing a nuanced view of the relative differences between small‐scale farmers in their shared understandings of financial crises and farm stress. We conclude by highlighting the need for culturally informed mental health interventions and policies tailored to address the stressors and social narratives that characterize racially differentiated farming communities that also acknowledge the shared frame of small‐scale agrarianism.","PeriodicalId":47924,"journal":{"name":"RURAL SOCIOLOGY","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145609072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we draw upon 71 in‐depth interviews to explore an under‐researched aspect of the criminal–legal experience as it pertains to reproduction of inequality: interactions of symbolic resources including social and moral capital with criminal–legal trajectories in rural communities. We find that rural communities can provide significant support to residents when caught in legal transgressions, minimizing both trauma and long‐term impacts. But for those who lack resources, whether due to shorter residencies, marginalized race and/or class statuses, or stained local reputations, communities can provide a combination of low support and high visibility that amplifies negative impacts. We highlight the complexity of rural criminal‐legal system involvements and social dynamics that minimize or exacerbate their impacts. We focus on multiple aspects of the postarrest experience for those who have been in rural jails, including external judgments and internalization of stigma; visibility and surveillance that amplify negative impacts; and the roles of intersectional (dis)advantages. We illustrate the ways in which these interlocking internal and external mechanisms serve to reinforce and reproduce existing inequalities, finding that these undertheorized social processes contribute profoundly to dynamics in which communities take care of their better‐off residents while further marginalizing those who are most vulnerable.
{"title":"“Good Old Boys From Good Old Families”: Rural Criminal–Legal Involvements and the Reproduction of Social Inequality","authors":"Jennifer Sherman, Jennifer Schwartz","doi":"10.1111/ruso.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.70029","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we draw upon 71 in‐depth interviews to explore an under‐researched aspect of the criminal–legal experience as it pertains to reproduction of inequality: interactions of symbolic resources including social and moral capital with criminal–legal trajectories in rural communities. We find that rural communities can provide significant support to residents when caught in legal transgressions, minimizing both trauma and long‐term impacts. But for those who lack resources, whether due to shorter residencies, marginalized race and/or class statuses, or stained local reputations, communities can provide a combination of low support and high visibility that amplifies negative impacts. We highlight the complexity of rural criminal‐legal system involvements and social dynamics that minimize or exacerbate their impacts. We focus on multiple aspects of the postarrest experience for those who have been in rural jails, including external judgments and internalization of stigma; visibility and surveillance that amplify negative impacts; and the roles of intersectional (dis)advantages. We illustrate the ways in which these interlocking internal and external mechanisms serve to reinforce and reproduce existing inequalities, finding that these undertheorized social processes contribute profoundly to dynamics in which communities take care of their better‐off residents while further marginalizing those who are most vulnerable.","PeriodicalId":47924,"journal":{"name":"RURAL SOCIOLOGY","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145575705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) ( N = 69,735), this paper analyzes wellbeing across nonmetropolitan–metropolitan areas through the lens of material hardship—characterized here as a household's inability to purchase sufficient healthy foods, live in structurally safe homes, or pay bills. This approach mirrors that of other social scientists who depict poverty as not only the absence of income, but also the inability to live well. Bivariate linear probability models indicate that nonmetropolitan households face substantively greater risks of not securing enough healthy food ( b = 0.026, p < 0.001), living in a poor‐quality housing unit ( b = 0.014, p < 0.05), and experiencing any form of hardship ( b = 0.020, p < 0.05) relative to metropolitan households. However, disparities disappear after accounting for demographic and household characteristics. In the case of bill‐paying hardship, nonmetropolitan households exhibit lower risks of hardship than metropolitan settings in the final models ( b = −0.009, p < 0.05). Decomposition models indicate that lower incomes and elevated prevalence of disability among nonmetropolitan households explain many of the initial disparities evidenced in bivariate models.
本文使用来自收入和计划参与调查（SIPP） （N = 69,735）的数据，通过物质困难的视角分析了非大都市地区的幸福感——这里的特征是家庭无法购买足够的健康食品，居住在结构安全的房屋中，或支付账单。这种方法反映了其他社会科学家的观点，他们将贫困不仅描述为没有收入，而且还描述为没有能力好好生活。双变量线性概率模型表明，与大都市家庭相比，非大都市家庭面临着更大的风险，即无法获得足够的健康食品（b = 0.026, p < 0.001），居住在质量较差的住房单元（b = 0.014, p < 0.05），以及经历任何形式的困难（b = 0.020, p < 0.05）。然而，考虑到人口和家庭特征后，差异就消失了。在账单支付困难的情况下，在最终模型中，非大都市家庭比大都市家庭表现出更低的困难风险（b = - 0.009, p < 0.05）。分解模型表明，低收入和非都市家庭中较高的残疾患病率解释了二元模型中证明的许多最初的差异。
{"title":"Material Hardship Across Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Counties in the United States : 2013–2021","authors":"Michael Caniglia","doi":"10.1111/ruso.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.70028","url":null,"abstract":"Using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) ( <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 69,735), this paper analyzes wellbeing across nonmetropolitan–metropolitan areas through the lens of material hardship—characterized here as a household's inability to purchase sufficient healthy foods, live in structurally safe homes, or pay bills. This approach mirrors that of other social scientists who depict poverty as not only the absence of income, but also the inability to live well. Bivariate linear probability models indicate that nonmetropolitan households face substantively greater risks of not securing enough healthy food ( <jats:italic>b</jats:italic> = 0.026, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001), living in a poor‐quality housing unit ( <jats:italic>b</jats:italic> = 0.014, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.05), and experiencing any form of hardship ( <jats:italic>b</jats:italic> = 0.020, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.05) relative to metropolitan households. However, disparities disappear after accounting for demographic and household characteristics. In the case of bill‐paying hardship, nonmetropolitan households exhibit lower risks of hardship than metropolitan settings in the final models ( <jats:italic>b</jats:italic> = −0.009, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.05). Decomposition models indicate that lower incomes and elevated prevalence of disability among nonmetropolitan households explain many of the initial disparities evidenced in bivariate models.","PeriodicalId":47924,"journal":{"name":"RURAL SOCIOLOGY","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145492505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julia Linder, Douglas Jackson‐Smith, Shoshanah Inwood, Tiffany Woods
Due to high‐stress agricultural working environments, farmers are at high risk for mental illness, including anxiety, depression, and suicide. These challenges are exacerbated by rural settings with limited access to mental healthcare and pervasive mental health stigma. An area of increasing interest is how climate change impacts, such as drought, extreme temperatures, and changing seasons, impact farmer mental health and well‐being. Utilizing a mixed‐methods approach, we analyze pathways through which extreme weather may adversely affect farmers' mental health, emphasizing the impact of extreme weather on stress and distress in the U.S. Midwest. Our narrative synthesis of existing literature reveals several pathways linking the impacts of climate change to negative mental health outcomes for farmers, including exposure to chronic stress, the uncertainty and lack of control associated with extreme weather, and the erosion of place and “good farmer” identities. Quantitative analysis of survey data from 837 randomly sampled farmers in Ohio, USA, was used to test findings from our narrative literature review. Results showed a significant association between exposure to extreme weather events and heightened comprehensive stress and psychological distress. More empirical work is needed to test the pathways through which extreme weather may impact farmer mental health and well‐being.
{"title":"Impacts of Extreme Weather on Farmer Mental Health","authors":"Julia Linder, Douglas Jackson‐Smith, Shoshanah Inwood, Tiffany Woods","doi":"10.1111/ruso.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.70027","url":null,"abstract":"Due to high‐stress agricultural working environments, farmers are at high risk for mental illness, including anxiety, depression, and suicide. These challenges are exacerbated by rural settings with limited access to mental healthcare and pervasive mental health stigma. An area of increasing interest is how climate change impacts, such as drought, extreme temperatures, and changing seasons, impact farmer mental health and well‐being. Utilizing a mixed‐methods approach, we analyze pathways through which extreme weather may adversely affect farmers' mental health, emphasizing the impact of extreme weather on stress and distress in the U.S. Midwest. Our narrative synthesis of existing literature reveals several pathways linking the impacts of climate change to negative mental health outcomes for farmers, including exposure to chronic stress, the uncertainty and lack of control associated with extreme weather, and the erosion of place and “good farmer” identities. Quantitative analysis of survey data from 837 randomly sampled farmers in Ohio, USA, was used to test findings from our narrative literature review. Results showed a significant association between exposure to extreme weather events and heightened comprehensive stress and psychological distress. More empirical work is needed to test the pathways through which extreme weather may impact farmer mental health and well‐being.","PeriodicalId":47924,"journal":{"name":"RURAL SOCIOLOGY","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145396854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines intrahousehold access to land in rural Tamil Nadu, India, arguing that household members do not have equal access to their household's land. Drawing on the ‘bundle of rights’ metaphor, this paper unpacks the various rights that household members can derive from household land. Ethnographic data reveal that women have the most limited bundle of rights compared to men in their household. Social norms and practices prefer sons to inherit land, restricting women's access to land. This paper argues that simply registering land in women's names does not necessarily give women greater control over household land, as management rights are shaped more by gender norms than legal ownership. This suggests that solely increasing women's landownership is insufficient to challenge the underlying social practices that perpetuate gender inequalities in land access. The paper highlights the importance of understanding intrahousehold dynamics to address the complex barriers women face in accessing land.
{"title":"Unpacking Gendered Access to Land: Intrahousehold Sharing of Land Rights in Rural Tamil Nadu","authors":"Lianne Oosterbaan","doi":"10.1111/ruso.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.70026","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines intrahousehold access to land in rural Tamil Nadu, India, arguing that household members do not have equal access to their household's land. Drawing on the ‘bundle of rights’ metaphor, this paper unpacks the various rights that household members can derive from household land. Ethnographic data reveal that women have the most limited bundle of rights compared to men in their household. Social norms and practices prefer sons to inherit land, restricting women's access to land. This paper argues that simply registering land in women's names does not necessarily give women greater control over household land, as management rights are shaped more by gender norms than legal ownership. This suggests that solely increasing women's landownership is insufficient to challenge the underlying social practices that perpetuate gender inequalities in land access. The paper highlights the importance of understanding intrahousehold dynamics to address the complex barriers women face in accessing land.","PeriodicalId":47924,"journal":{"name":"RURAL SOCIOLOGY","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145246555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many Indigenous societies have effective resilience strategies that have served them well for centuries. These strategies have enabled generations of people to cope with, adapt, and overcome diverse forms of adversity. For many semi‐subsistence‐based societies, climate change poses a different threat; one that has rendered some traditional adaptation pathways partially ineffective as natural resources have become less abundant and natural systems more unpredictable. This study presents narratives compiled through ethnography and qualitative research with three rural Indigenous iTaukei communities located on two islands in Fiji. Attributed in part to the prevalence of cultural values centered on relationalism, these communities have retained very effective systems of social resilience; however, losses sustained from almost annual cyclone events and associated landslides and earthquakes are taking their toll on the communities' capacities to recover and re‐establish valued dimensions of social life. This study responds to calls for empirical evidence of the forms and significance of noneconomic loss and damage (NELD) by drawing out gender‐sensitive, relational aspects of loss and damage observed in villagers' narratives.
{"title":"Accounting for Culture in Evaluations of Climate‐Induced Noneconomic Losses and Damages: Case Studies With Three Indigenous Communities From Rural Fiji","authors":"Lila Singh‐Peterson, Manoa Iranacolaivalu, Mereia Fong Lomavatu","doi":"10.1111/ruso.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.70023","url":null,"abstract":"Many Indigenous societies have effective resilience strategies that have served them well for centuries. These strategies have enabled generations of people to cope with, adapt, and overcome diverse forms of adversity. For many semi‐subsistence‐based societies, climate change poses a different threat; one that has rendered some traditional adaptation pathways partially ineffective as natural resources have become less abundant and natural systems more unpredictable. This study presents narratives compiled through ethnography and qualitative research with three rural Indigenous <jats:italic>iTaukei</jats:italic> communities located on two islands in Fiji. Attributed in part to the prevalence of cultural values centered on relationalism, these communities have retained very effective systems of social resilience; however, losses sustained from almost annual cyclone events and associated landslides and earthquakes are taking their toll on the communities' capacities to recover and re‐establish valued dimensions of social life. This study responds to calls for empirical evidence of the forms and significance of noneconomic loss and damage (NELD) by drawing out gender‐sensitive, relational aspects of loss and damage observed in villagers' narratives.","PeriodicalId":47924,"journal":{"name":"RURAL SOCIOLOGY","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wilton Vicente Gonçalves da Cruz, Mário Sacomano Neto
This study aims to investigate the financialization of the Brazilian agricultural market, focusing on land concentration and foreignization. It emphasizes the role of the state in the financialization of land. This exploratory and descriptive study uses documentary research and social network analysis. The study is supported by strategic action field theory and the sociology of finance. The results reveal significant land ownership concentration in Brazil among large multinational agribusinesses and foreign institutional investors. A significant portion of investment flows in Brazilian land acquisition transactions was of foreign origin. Large agribusiness multinationals and large financial asset managers held prominent structural positions in the network of transactions involving large Brazilian lands. Financialization in the Brazilian agricultural sector can lead to management practices that maximize the interests of companies and financial markets by increasing these actors' control over this important segment of the Brazilian economy. From the perspectives of field theory and the sociology of finance, this study fills a gap in the literature by addressing the expansion of the agricultural market and agribusiness in Brazil as spaces for the reproduction of financial actors and markets. It also emphasizes the role of the state in this process.
{"title":"The Financialization of Agriculture in Brazil: Land Concentration and Foreignization","authors":"Wilton Vicente Gonçalves da Cruz, Mário Sacomano Neto","doi":"10.1111/ruso.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.70024","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate the financialization of the Brazilian agricultural market, focusing on land concentration and foreignization. It emphasizes the role of the state in the financialization of land. This exploratory and descriptive study uses documentary research and social network analysis. The study is supported by strategic action field theory and the sociology of finance. The results reveal significant land ownership concentration in Brazil among large multinational agribusinesses and foreign institutional investors. A significant portion of investment flows in Brazilian land acquisition transactions was of foreign origin. Large agribusiness multinationals and large financial asset managers held prominent structural positions in the network of transactions involving large Brazilian lands. Financialization in the Brazilian agricultural sector can lead to management practices that maximize the interests of companies and financial markets by increasing these actors' control over this important segment of the Brazilian economy. From the perspectives of field theory and the sociology of finance, this study fills a gap in the literature by addressing the expansion of the agricultural market and agribusiness in Brazil as spaces for the reproduction of financial actors and markets. It also emphasizes the role of the state in this process.","PeriodicalId":47924,"journal":{"name":"RURAL SOCIOLOGY","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：