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Better Living by Their Own Bootstraps: Black Women's Activism in Rural Arkansas, 1914–1965, by CherisseJones‐Branch, Fayetteville: The University of Arkansas Press, 2021. 227 pp. $29.96 (cloth). ISBN: 9781682261668 靠自己的力量更好地生活:1914-1965 年阿肯色州农村的黑人妇女运动》,CherisseJones-Branch 著,费耶特维尔:阿肯色大学出版社,2021 年。227 页。29.96 美元(布)。ISBN: 9781682261668
IF 2.3 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.1111/ruso.12525
Carlee Guenther Dynes
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引用次数: 0
Better Living by Their Own Bootstraps: Black Women's Activism in Rural Arkansas, 1914–1965, by CherisseJones‐Branch, Fayetteville: The University of Arkansas Press, 2021. 227 pp. $29.96 (cloth). ISBN: 9781682261668 靠自己的力量更好地生活:1914-1965 年阿肯色州农村的黑人妇女运动》,CherisseJones-Branch 著,费耶特维尔:阿肯色大学出版社,2021 年。227 页。29.96 美元(布)。ISBN: 9781682261668
IF 2.3 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.1111/ruso.12525
Carlee Guenther Dynes
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引用次数: 0
Testing and Expanding the Concept of Traditional and Contemporary Localism in Rural Local Food Systems with Ozark Wild Harvesters☆ 与奥扎克野生采摘者一起检验和扩展农村地方食品体系中传统和现代地方主义的概念☆。
IF 2.3 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.1111/ruso.12532
S. Massengale, Mary Hendrickson
While research shows the potential benefits of local food systems to improve community economy and quality of life, there is a critique that these studies overlook how informal, non market food access practices contribute to local food systems, especially in rural places. McEntee promoted the concepts of traditional and contemporary localism in his work with rural food systems, arguing that the motivations of participants define the categories. Using narrative research with wild harvesters in the Ozark Highlands, we propose that while McEntee's definitions are useful for expanding the conversation about why people may choose local food or not, more efforts should focus on valuing and welcoming the broader intersection of priorities and strategies that people use to engage in local food systems in their communities. Promoting a wider portfolio of local food access strategies is important to communicate that there are a variety of ways to participate in localized food systems, some in regular market transactions and some in informal non‐market ways, and that all are potentially valuable in building sustainable food systems in rural areas.
研究表明,地方粮食系统对改善社区经济和生活质量具有潜在的益处,但也有批评意见认为,这些研究忽视了非正规的、非市场的粮食获取方式对地方粮食系统的贡献,尤其是在农村地区。McEntee 在其有关农村食品系统的工作中推广了传统和现代地方主义的概念,认为参与者的动机决定了这些类别。通过对奥扎克高地野生采摘者的叙事研究,我们提出,虽然麦肯提的定义有助于扩大关于人们为何选择或不选择当地食物的对话,但更多的努力应集中在重视和欢迎人们在其社区参与当地食物系统时所使用的优先事项和策略的更广泛交叉。推广更广泛的本地食物获取策略组合对于宣传参与本地化食物系统的方式多种多样非常重要,其中有些是常规的市场交易,有些是非正式的非市场方式,而所有这些方式对于在农村地区建立可持续食物系统都具有潜在价值。
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引用次数: 0
“Go Back To Where You Came From!”: Moral Economy of Land and the Politics of Belonging in Coastal Tanzania☆ "滚回你的故乡!":坦桑尼亚沿海地区的土地道德经济与归属政治☆。
IF 2.3 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1111/ruso.12533
Youjin B. Chung
This article examines how the threat of eviction by a transnational land deal in coastal Tanzania shaped competing narratives with which longtime residents and migrants defended and legitimated the moral economy of land: a widely shared customary norm that land belonged to those who cleared, occupied, and used it continuously for their daily provisioning, with or without title deeds. To counter the state's claim that all villagers were “invaders,” long-term residents appealed to their ethnic and ancestral connections to the land, while migrants invoked a broader idiom of agrarian citizenship that placed land entitlements at the heart of rural people's relationship with the state. Despite this divergence, nervousness similarly pervaded both group's narratives, due in part to the instability of the notion of ethnicity and autochthony in coastal Tanzania and people's historically informed sense of foreboding about state-sanctioned dispossession. The article draws on the analytic of assemblage to advance a more relational and dynamic understanding of the co-construction and performance of moral economy and rural identity. Analyzing how villagers imagine and articulate their identities, and how discourses of exclusion and belonging get deployed in conjunctures of displacement is critical to understanding the socio-material realities of rural life in Tanzania today.
本文探讨了坦桑尼亚沿海地区的跨国土地交易所带来的驱逐威胁是如何形成长期居民和移民相互竞争的叙事方式,从而捍卫土地的道德经济并使其合法化的:这是一种广泛认同的习惯规范,即土地属于那些开垦、占有并持续使用土地来维持日常生计的人,无论是否有地契。为了反驳国家关于所有村民都是 "入侵者 "的说法,长期居住在这里的村民诉诸于他们的种族和祖先与土地的联系,而移民则引用了更广泛的农业公民身份的成语,将土地权利置于农村居民与国家关系的核心。尽管存在这种分歧,但紧张情绪同样弥漫在这两个群体的叙述中,部分原因是坦桑尼亚沿海地区的种族和自耕农概念不稳定,以及人们对国家认可的剥夺具有历史预感。文章借鉴了集合分析法,对道德经济和乡村身份的共同构建和表现提出了更具关系性和动态性的理解。分析村民如何想象和表达他们的身份,以及排斥和归属的论述如何在流离失所的情况下得到运用,对于理解当今坦桑尼亚农村生活的社会物质现实至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Rural Residence, Motorcycle Access, and Contraception Use in South and Southeast Asia☆ 南亚和东南亚的农村居民、摩托车交通和避孕药具使用情况☆。
IF 2.3 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-27 DOI: 10.1111/ruso.12520
Jonathan A. Muir, Scott R. Sanders, Hannah Z. Hendricks, Michael R. Cope
Access to contraception is critical for limiting fertility. Yet, in South and Southeast Asia, access to these resources is often limited by spatial inequalities between rural and urban areas. Access to a motorcycle may empower women living in rural areas to attenuate these spatial inequalities, increase their educational attainment and participation in labor markets, and thereby facilitate a shift in fertility preferences. Concomitantly, motorcycle access may increase access to contraception for geographically isolated women who desire to limit fertility. We employ logistic regression models to examine associations with contraception use and unmet need for contraception for women living in rural versus urban areas and for women with versus without access to a motorcycle. Roughly 40 percent of women reported current use of contraception while another 21 percent indicated an unmet need for contraception. After adjusting for other variables, women with a motorcycle were more likely to report current contraception use (AOR = 1.55, 95% CI [1.50, 1.61]), modern contraception use (AOR = 1.60, 95% CI [1.54, 1.66]), and traditional contraception use (AOR = 1.49, 95% CI [1.41, 1.58]) compared with women who did not own a motorcycle. Women with a motorcycle were less likely to report an unmet need for contraception (AOR = 0.65, 95% CI [0.62, 0.68]) after adjusting for other variables. Our results are consistent with the premise that motorcycles facilitate contraception use among women living in resource-limited countries in South and Southeast Asia and thereby contribute to decreases in fertility. These relationships are contextualized by whether a woman lives in an urban or rural setting, and the number of children already present in their household; they are robust to controlling for household-level wealth and other factors that may mediate associations with contraception use.
获得避孕药具对限制生育至关重要。然而,在南亚和东南亚,这些资源的获取往往受到城乡之间空间不平等的限制。获得摩托车可能会使生活在农村地区的妇女有能力减轻这些空间不平等,提高她们的受教育程度和对劳动力市场的参与,从而促进生育偏好的转变。同时,对于地理位置偏僻、希望限制生育的妇女来说,摩托车可能会增加她们获得避孕药具的机会。我们采用逻辑回归模型来研究居住在农村和城市地区的妇女以及有摩托车和没有摩托车的妇女的避孕药具使用情况和未满足的避孕需求之间的关系。约 40% 的妇女表示目前使用避孕药具,另有 21% 的妇女表示避孕需求未得到满足。在对其他变量进行调整后,与没有摩托车的妇女相比,有摩托车的妇女更有可能报告目前使用避孕药具(AOR = 1.55,95% CI [1.50,1.61])、使用现代避孕药具(AOR = 1.60,95% CI [1.54,1.66])和使用传统避孕药具(AOR = 1.49,95% CI [1.41,1.58])。在对其他变量进行调整后,拥有摩托车的女性报告避孕需求未得到满足的可能性较低(AOR = 0.65,95% CI [0.62,0.68])。我们的结果与以下前提相一致,即摩托车有助于南亚和东南亚资源有限国家的妇女使用避孕药具,从而有助于降低生育率。这些关系是根据妇女生活在城市还是农村,以及家庭中已有子女的数量而确定的;这些关系在控制家庭财富和其他可能与避孕药具使用相关的因素后是稳健的。
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引用次数: 0
Contention in Times of Crisis: Recession and Political Protest in Thirty European Countries, by HanspeterKriesi, JasmineLorenzini, BrunoWüest, and SiljaHäsumermann, Cambridge University Press, 2020. 316 pp. $99.99 (hardback). ISBN: 978‐1‐108‐83511‐4. 危机时期的争论:三十个欧洲国家的经济衰退与政治抗议》,汉斯彼得-克里西、茉莉-洛伦齐尼、布鲁诺-韦斯特、西莉亚-哈苏梅曼著,剑桥大学出版社,2020 年。共 316 页。99.99美元(精装本)。ISBN:978-1-108-83511-4。
IF 2.3 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-27 DOI: 10.1111/ruso.12526
Henry W. Allen
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引用次数: 0
Nowhere Else to Go: Housing Insecurity in a Hispanic-Majority Rural County During the COVID-19 Pandemic☆ 无处可去:COVID-19 大流行期间西班牙裔占多数的农村地区的住房不安全问题☆。
IF 2.3 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-27 DOI: 10.1111/ruso.12529
Morgan Montañez
Northern New Mexico was uniquely vulnerable to the COVID-19 pandemic and its fallout. Its Hispanic majority, aging population, and decreased access to healthcare put many of the communities in this area of the United States at risk. Taos County was particularly at increased risk of impact from COVID-19. The county was also more vulnerable to the economic consequences of a pandemic due to reliance on tourism; this meant major impacts for individual households. As unemployment and poverty increased—and pandemic relief program rollouts floundered—the consequences meant precarity for many families. One of the most visible impacts of the pandemic was the inability to access affordable housing. This paper, based on 58 in-depth interviews and 5 months of participant observation, explores experiences of homelessness and housing insecurity among an already vulnerable population during the pandemic, illustrating the ways in which many people struggled. Importantly, this paper explores differences in patterns of housing insecurity among rural White and rural Hispanic participants during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, this paper advocates the importance of looking at nuanced patterns of dealing with housing precarity in the rural setting as the ways in which different populations cope impact the forms of help that are needed when housing becomes a problem.
新墨西哥州北部在 COVID-19 大流行及其后果面前具有独特的脆弱性。新墨西哥州以西班牙裔人口居多,人口老龄化严重,医疗保健服务减少,这些因素使美国这一地区的许多社区面临风险。陶斯县受 COVID-19 影响的风险尤其高。由于对旅游业的依赖,该县也更容易受到大流行病的经济后果的影响;这意味着对个别家庭造成了重大影响。随着失业率和贫困率的上升以及大流行病救助计划的推出陷入困境,这些后果意味着许多家庭的生活岌岌可危。大流行病最明显的影响之一就是无法获得负担得起的住房。本文基于 58 次深入访谈和 5 个月的参与观察,探讨了大流行期间本已脆弱的人群无家可归和住房无保障的经历,说明了许多人挣扎的方式。重要的是,本文探讨了 COVID-19 大流行期间农村白人和农村西班牙裔参与者住房不安全模式的差异。此外,本文还主张必须研究农村地区处理住房不稳定问题的细微模式,因为不同人群的应对方式会影响住房成为问题时所需的帮助形式。
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引用次数: 0
Reversing the Gaze: Developing Indigenous and Western Media Frames to Coverage of Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples in the News Media* 扭转目光:为新闻媒体对气候变化和土著人民的报道制定土著和西方媒体框架*
IF 2.3 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-27 DOI: 10.1111/ruso.12521
Gina McCrackin, Jennifer E. Givens, Eric C. Wilkes, Breanne K. Litts, M. Martinez‐Cola
The news media is an important force shaping societal views of the socio‐politics of climate change. International scholarship finds it not uncommon for Indigenous cultures, communities, and perspectives to be underrepresented and misrepresented in Western media, especially on climate change issues. Research also indicates that accurate Indigenous representation occurs when Indigenous peoples are the authors of news articles themselves. We developed a Holistic Media Coding Protocol informed by Indigenous and Western perspectives to guide our content analysis of media coverage of climate change, environmental issues, and Indigenous peoples. We examined news articles from two Indigenous news publications, Indian Country Today and Navajo Times, and two Western news publications, The New York Times and The Salt Lake Tribune. Our findings indicate that creating and utilizing a theory‐informed Holistic Media Coding Protocol challenges the recurrent Western gaze on Indigenous peoples. This Holistic Media Coding Protocol contributes to our understandings of the media, settler colonialism, and climate change from Indigenous and Western perspectives. Overall, this research responds to a critical call for sociologists to engage more deeply with settler colonialism, Indigenous issues, and intersectional environmental justice.
新闻媒体是影响社会对气候变化社会政治看法的重要力量。国际学术研究发现,土著文化、社区和观点在西方媒体中代表性不足和被歪曲的情况并不少见,尤其是在气候变化问题上。研究还表明,如果原住民本身就是新闻文章的作者,就能准确地反映原住民的情况。我们根据土著人和西方人的观点制定了一个整体媒体编码协议,以指导我们对气候变化、环境问题和土著人的媒体报道进行内容分析。我们研究了两份土著新闻出版物《今日印第安乡村》和《纳瓦霍时报》以及两份西方新闻出版物《纽约时报》和《盐湖论坛报》的新闻报道。我们的研究结果表明,创建和使用以理论为依据的《整体媒体编码规程》,对西方对土著人民的经常性注视提出了挑战。该整体媒体编码协议有助于我们从土著和西方的视角理解媒体、定居者殖民主义和气候变化。总之,这项研究响应了社会学家的重要呼吁,即更深入地参与殖民定居主义、土著问题和交叉环境正义。
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引用次数: 0
Centering Indigenous Brilliance in “The Stories We Tell”☆ 以 "我们讲述的故事 "中的原住民智慧为中心 ☆
IF 2.3 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-27 DOI: 10.1111/ruso.12517
M. Jacob, Leilani Sabzalian, Shareen Springer, Kevin Simmons
Indigenous stories are the backbone of Indigenous education systems. While Indigenous communities are still grappling with settler colonial‐imposed violence, many Indigenous Nations are engaging in what Leanne Betasamosake Simpson describes as Indigenous resurgence. In our paper, we draw from our own Indigenous communities' teachings and discuss our peoples' ongoing storytelling traditions as important forms of resurgence, which contribute to a process Dene scholar Glen Sean Coulthard describes as grounded normativity. After setting the context for understanding Indigenous stories as a form of resurgent education, we then pay special attention to a well‐known collection of stories, first published in the book Anakú Iwachá in 1974, with a second edition published in 2021. We analyze the history of the project, examine key principles that make it a strong example of resurgence, and explain how it is a particularly instructive data source for social scientists to (1) better understand Indigenous knowledges within our storytelling traditions, (2) engage place‐based learning, and (3) imagine futures beyond settler colonialism. These aims, already central in Indigenous sociology, are currently at the margins of mainstream social sciences. We argue these aims provide a particularly hopeful remedy for U.S. sociology, which has generally ignored Indigenous Peoples' knowledges.
土著故事是土著教育系统的支柱。虽然土著社区仍在与殖民者施加的暴力作斗争,但许多土著民族正在进行 Leanne Betasamosake Simpson 所描述的土著复兴活动。在我们的论文中,我们从自己土著社区的教义中汲取营养,讨论我们民族正在进行的讲故事传统,将其视为复兴的重要形式,这有助于德尼学者格伦-肖恩-库尔萨德(Glen Sean Coulthard)所描述的 "基础规范性"(grounded normativity)过程。在确定了将土著故事理解为一种复兴教育形式的背景之后,我们将特别关注一本著名的故事集,该故事集于 1974 年首次出版,收录在《Anakú Iwachá》一书中,第二版于 2021 年出版。我们分析了该项目的历史,研究了使其成为复兴教育典范的关键原则,并解释了它是如何成为对社会科学家特别有启发性的数据来源,以便:(1) 更好地理解我们讲故事传统中的土著知识,(2) 参与基于地方的学习,以及 (3) 想象超越定居者殖民主义的未来。这些目标已经成为土著社会学的核心,但目前却处于主流社会科学的边缘。我们认为,这些目标为美国社会学提供了特别有希望的补救措施,因为美国社会学普遍忽视了土著人民的知识。
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引用次数: 0
Successful Aging in a Rural Community in Japan, by KimikoTanaka and Nan E.Johnson, Durham, North Carolina:Carolina Academic Press, 2021. 168 pp. $30 SC. ISBN: 9781531018610. 日本农村社区的成功老龄化》,KimikoTanaka 和 Nan E.Johnson 著,北卡罗来纳州达勒姆:卡罗莱纳学术出版社,2021 年。168 页。$30 SC.ISBN:9781531018610。
IF 2.3 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1111/ruso.12524
Morgan Duffy
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引用次数: 0
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RURAL SOCIOLOGY
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