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Hybrid Policy in New Jersey Bear Management Conflict 新泽西熊管理冲突中的混合政策
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1080/00167428.2022.2119854
Franklin Halprin
ABSTRACT Bear management in New Jersey is controversial. The Division of Fish and Wildlife’s policies have not reassured factions who oppose their tools, namely hunting, despite being informed by science. This study applies qualitative content analysis to 43 policy documents to understand how actors pursue policy objectives, and how they are shaped. I find that actors pursue their policy objectives by making hybrid arguments that, in addition to science, involve history, values, and institutional power. Thus, they make scientific claims—or claims to what the science might mean—that are incompatible with each other. This study identifies four ways in which this occurs: science gets framed, science gets applied to certain ends, science gets weaponized, and science gets minimized. Comprehending the ways in which these factors supplement and frame science could reduce conflict, improve communication, and build consensus.
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引用次数: 0
Robert E. Lee at West Point: Contested Landscapes and Legacies of the Civil War 罗伯特·e·李在西点军校:有争议的景观和内战的遗产
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.1080/00167428.2022.2118600
William W. Doe, Kenneth E. Foote
ABSTRACT The U.S. is currently experiencing an unparalleled transformation of its commemorative landscapes. Statues and memorials that have stood for decades are being removed. In particular, memorials associated with the Confederacy from the American Civil War are being addressed. The case of commemoration of Confederate General Robert E. Lee at the U.S. Military Academy, West Point, New York, offers a unique perspective on the difficulties of untangling the many legacies of the Civil War that are commemorated in the American landscape. Lee was a graduate of the Academy, a Superintendent, and had a distinguished career as an Army officer, before joining the Confederacy. He became its most prominent and honored General. The evolution of Lee’s landscape commemoration at West Point parallels significant historical events in American society and within the Army over more than 150 years. An examination of this evolution in a broader geographical and historical context is warranted.
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引用次数: 0
CHANGING DIGITAL GEOGRAPHIES: Technologies, Environments and People 变化中的数字地理:技术、环境和人
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-16 DOI: 10.1080/00167428.2022.2107363
Russ Kirby
This monograph explores the many ways that the World Wide Web, cloud computing, and the Internet-of-things are forcing us to reframe our thinking about cartographies of the world around us. Like Aladdin’s lamp when gently rubbed, the genie is out, never to return to the world we knew before. While the author provides no explicit definition for the term “digital geographies,” it is commonly understood that digital geographies are produced using digital technologies that expand our prior understanding of the “real world,” and the cartographies and geographies thereof. Given the widening roles of social media as platforms for expression and influence, it seems quite worthwhile to explore how digital technologies are changing the way spatial representations of phenomena, both real and imagined, are displayed and used in contemporary society. This monograph follows in the footsteps of James Ash, Rob Kitchin, and Agnieszka Leszczynski’s edited volume on Digital Geographies, but rather than focusing on how digital technologies are transforming subfields of the discipline of geography, Jessica McLean examines the ways in which digital geographies contribute to larger themes reflecting the future of human society and planet Earth as a habitat for humans as well. Using primarily qualitative research methods, McLean provides separate chapters focusing on human rights and technology, digital rights and justice, indigenous peoples, changing climates and environments, greening and sustainability, the “digital Anthropocene,” feminism and digital spaces (with a special focus on the Australian context), and disability activism. Many of the chapters explore aspects of the “more-than-real,” a concept initially explored in the brief introduction to the monograph and interwoven through most of the chapters that follow. The book concludes with some broader thoughts about the more-than-real and its implications for our understanding of digital geographies. The author employed a variety of qualitative research methods to collect and analyze data about digital geographies, and how they are influencing lived experiences, transforming conversations and understandings of environments of populations. The author collected data through semistructured interviews, participant observation, content and discourse analysis of social media materials, and examination of digital archival material. A group of 15
这本专著探讨了万维网、云计算和物联网迫使我们重新构建我们对周围世界地图的思考的许多方式。就像轻轻摩擦阿拉丁的神灯一样,精灵消失了,再也不会回到我们以前熟悉的世界。虽然作者没有为“数字地理”一词提供明确的定义,但人们普遍认为,数字地理是使用数字技术产生的,它扩展了我们对“现实世界”及其制图和地理的先前理解。鉴于社交媒体作为表达和影响平台的作用日益扩大,探索数字技术如何改变当代社会中真实和想象现象的空间表现方式和使用方式似乎非常值得。这本专着遵循了James Ash, Rob Kitchin和Agnieszka Leszczynski编辑的数字地理学的脚步,但不是专注于数字技术如何改变地理学科的子领域,Jessica McLean研究了数字地理学如何为反映人类社会和地球作为人类栖息地的未来的更大主题做出贡献。麦克莱恩主要使用定性研究方法,提供了单独的章节,重点关注人权和技术、数字权利和正义、土著人民、气候和环境变化、绿化和可持续性、“数字人类世”、女权主义和数字空间(特别关注澳大利亚的背景)以及残疾人行动主义。许多章节探讨了“超越真实”的各个方面,这个概念最初在专著的简要介绍中探讨过,并在随后的大多数章节中交织在一起。这本书总结了一些更广泛的想法,关于超越现实及其对我们理解数字地理学的影响。作者采用了多种定性研究方法来收集和分析有关数字地理的数据,以及它们如何影响生活体验,改变人们对环境的对话和理解。作者通过半结构化访谈、参与式观察、社交媒体材料的内容与话语分析、数字档案材料的检验等方法收集数据。一组15人
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引用次数: 1
DECOLONIZING GEOGRAPHY: An Introduction 非殖民化地理学:导论
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-16 DOI: 10.1080/00167428.2022.2107364
Joseph L. Scarpaci
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引用次数: 4
CHINA’S ASIAN DREAM: Empire Building along the New Silk RoadGEOCULTURAL POWER: China’s Quest to Revive the Silk Roads for the Twenty-First Century 中国的亚洲梦:新丝绸之路沿线的帝国建设。地缘文化力量:中国寻求复兴21世纪的丝绸之路
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-16 DOI: 10.1080/00167428.2022.2107362
D. Zoppolato
Since its launch, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the China-led economic and cultural development strategy, captured impressive media and scholarly attention and critiques. Whether for its ability to offer an alternative model of economic integration and cooperation—for the amount of fundings and financing mobilized—or for its open challenge to Western-led global governance institutions, BRI is now central in a wide array of academic disciplines, ranging from international relations via economics, law, public policy, to geography. The two books under review provide a critical and in-depth analysis of the BRI, particularly relevant for the readers of Geographical Review. Miller, senior Asia analyst at Gavekal Group, in the second edition of China’s Asian Dream published in 2019, assesses how China, with the BRI, attempts to regain centrality in the international order (Miller 2019). The second edition only slightly modifies the 2017 text by adding a short preface and including in the conclusion’s references to the Trump presidency and its position on China. The BRI focused, especially in the time frame analyzed by the author (2014–2015), on China’s quest for energy and natural resources. Whether securing access to energy and natural resources, or reducing geopolitical risks as in the case of the development of Gwadar and Kyaukphyu, energy plays a pivotal role in the BRI. The book, after offering a background to the BRI, moves the analysis to the focus of the Communist Party of China (CPC) on its western regions, in particular Xinjiang. The book is organized around Asian’s subregions and uncovers how the BRI is spreading in Central (chapter 2), South (chapter 5), and Southeast (chapter 3, 4, and 6) Asia. Miller connects the China’s “Go-West” policy with the rise of infrastructure financing as a key component of the international donor community where China is taking the lead. Chinese policy banks and stateowned enterprises are for the author the “real” actors behind the implementation of the BRI. The author skillfully combines interviews conducted during extensive travel in Asia, with insightful and rich geopolitical and geoeconomics observations. Local stories of people experiencing the materiality of Chinese power coupled with interviews with the Chinese expat community living in Asian countries shed light on the complexity of the BRI. Miller considers the BRI as the coronation of the economic resurgence of the country. For the CPC
自“一带一路”倡议提出以来,中国主导的经济和文化发展战略引起了媒体和学术界的广泛关注和批评。无论是因为其提供经济一体化与合作的另一种模式的能力,还是因为其对西方领导的全球治理机构的公开挑战,“一带一路”现在都是一系列学科的核心,从国际关系到经济学、法律、公共政策到地理学。这两本书对“一带一路”倡议进行了批判性和深入的分析,特别适合《地理评论》的读者。Gavekal集团高级亚洲分析师米勒在2019年出版的《中国的亚洲梦》第二版中,评估了中国如何通过“一带一路”倡议重新获得国际秩序的中心地位(Miller 2019)。第二版仅对2017年的文本进行了轻微修改,增加了一个简短的序言,并在结束语中提到了特朗普的总统任期及其对中国的立场。特别是在作者分析的时间框架内(2014-2015年),“一带一路”关注的是中国对能源和自然资源的追求。无论是确保能源和自然资源的获取,还是降低地缘政治风险(如瓜达尔港和皎漂港的开发),能源在“一带一路”中都发挥着关键作用。这本书在介绍了“一带一路”的背景之后,将分析的重点转移到中国共产党对西部地区,特别是新疆的关注上。本书围绕亚洲次区域展开,揭示了“一带一路”倡议如何在亚洲中部(第2章)、南部(第5章)和东南部(第3、4和6章)蔓延。米勒将中国的“西部大开发”政策与基础设施融资的兴起联系起来,基础设施融资是国际捐助界的关键组成部分,中国在这方面发挥着主导作用。在笔者看来,中国的政策性银行和国有企业是实施“一带一路”背后的“真正”行动者。作者巧妙地将在亚洲广泛旅行期间进行的采访与富有洞察力和丰富的地缘政治和地缘经济观察相结合。当地人们体验中国力量的故事,加上对生活在亚洲国家的中国侨民社区的采访,揭示了“一带一路”的复杂性。米勒认为,“一带一路”倡议是中国经济复苏的加冕礼。为中国共产党
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引用次数: 0
TRACES OF J. B. JACKSON: The Man Who Taught Us To See Everyday America j·b·杰克逊的踪迹:教我们看日常美国的人
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1080/00167428.2021.1933778
Joseph L. Scarpaci
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引用次数: 0
COMMUNITY FOOD RESILIENCE IN THE TIME OF COVID: AN EXAMPLE FROM AN APPALACHIAN COUNTY 2019冠状病毒病时期的社区粮食恢复力:以阿巴拉契亚县为例
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-02 DOI: 10.1080/00167428.2022.2085103
Andrew Bagwell, H. Brown, Carly Pugh, Kathleen Schroeder, Charles F. Weir, Quincy D. Williams
ABSTRACT This article explores how Community Based Organizations, in Watauga County, North Carolina, faced a food crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and quickly came together to fill unprecedented local need for food assistance. Existing bodies of literature on Appalachia and resilience provide useful frameworks for disecting how the community reacted to events as they occurred in the Spring of 2020. Interviews with community leaders document their experiences in the early stages of the pandemic. We conclude that an already frayed social safety net contributed to the crises; but local leaders were able to respond because of their strong community ties and years of local experience. These community leaders explain that the food crisis caused by Covid-19 revealed deep cracks that have long existed in the food system.
本文探讨了北卡罗来纳州瓦托加县的社区组织如何面对Covid-19大流行造成的粮食危机,并迅速团结起来,满足了当地前所未有的粮食援助需求。关于阿巴拉契亚和恢复力的现有文献为剖析社区如何应对2020年春季发生的事件提供了有用的框架。对社区领导人的采访记录了他们在大流行早期阶段的经历。我们得出的结论是,本已支离破碎的社会安全网加剧了危机;但当地领导人之所以能够做出回应,是因为他们与社区的紧密联系和多年的当地经验。这些社区领导人解释说,2019冠状病毒病造成的粮食危机暴露了粮食系统长期存在的深刻裂缝。
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引用次数: 2
LIVELIHOOD RESILIENCE AND GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE: TOWARD INTEGRATION OF OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE APPROACHES OF ANALYSIS 生计弹性与全球环境变化:走向客观与主观相结合的分析方法
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-02 DOI: 10.1080/00167428.2022.2085104
A. Quandt, Phevee Paderes
ABSTRACT Resilience thinking is a common component in the planning and implementation of interventions in humanitarian activities, disaster risk reduction, climate change adaptation, and food security. Attention to the concept of livelihood resilience specifically has grown in these sectors in order to improve households’ resilience to the impacts of climate change and other shocks. However, resilience is difficult to empirically measure and commonly-used approaches are top-down, expert-driven, and suffer from measurement-bias. To address these issues, in this paper we explore the contributions of geographers to this research, critique top-down objective measurements of resilience, highlight the benefits of employing subjective conceptualizations of resilience, and outline methods for measuring subjective resilience with participatory methods. By drawing from both objective and subjective methods of analysis we can expand upon the normative questions of “resilience of what, to what, and for whom” to include “resilience as defined and measured by whom” in future research and policy-making.
弹性思维是人道主义活动、减少灾害风险、适应气候变化和粮食安全等干预措施规划和实施中的一个常见组成部分。在这些部门,对生计复原力概念的关注有所增加,以提高家庭对气候变化和其他冲击影响的复原力。然而,弹性很难进行经验测量,常用的方法是自上而下的、专家驱动的,并且存在测量偏差。为了解决这些问题,本文探讨了地理学家对这一研究的贡献,批判了自上而下的弹性客观测量,强调了采用弹性主观概念化的好处,并概述了用参与式方法测量主观弹性的方法。通过借鉴客观和主观的分析方法,我们可以在“对什么、对什么、为谁”的规范性问题上进行扩展,在未来的研究和决策中包括“由谁定义和衡量的弹性”。
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引用次数: 6
SUSTAINING RURAL SYSTEMS: RURAL VITALITY IN AN ERA OF GLOBALIZATION AND ECONOMIC NATIONALISM 维持乡村制度:全球化和经济民族主义时代的乡村活力
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-24 DOI: 10.1080/00167428.2022.2054341
Holly R. Barcus, William G. Moseley
ABSTRACT The key organizing theme for this special issue is “Sustaining Rural Systems: Rural Vitality in an Era of Globalization and Economic Nationalism.” The multiplicity of roles that rural communities play in economic and social systems are often overlooked in conversations about globalization and economic nationalism. Yet rural communities, economies and landscapes are closely tied to global industries, migrant flows and markets, while simultaneously subject to nationalist economic policies and strategies. These articles are drawn from the 2019 International Geographical Union Commission on the Sustainability of Rural Systems Colloquium and examine the interplay between rural places and the competing narratives of globalization and nationalism. The studies come from Croatia, Belgium, Australia, the USA, Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador, Mexico, Italy and Spain. In each article, the authors seek to elucidate the nuanced ties between people and industries that are at once intensely local and simultaneously tied to regional and global processes. The articles challenge us to critically examine oversimplified messaging of highly complex systems and provide insights into processes of change at local scales across major global regions, highlighting the contemporary status of rural change through the lens of sustainability and set within current competing narratives of globalization and economic nationalism.
本期特刊的主题是“维持农村制度:全球化和经济民族主义时代的乡村活力”。在关于全球化和经济民族主义的对话中,农村社区在经济和社会系统中发挥的多重作用往往被忽视。然而,农村社区、经济和景观与全球产业、移民流动和市场密切相关,同时受制于民族主义经济政策和战略。这些文章摘自2019年国际地理联盟委员会农村系统可持续性研讨会,探讨了农村地区与全球化和民族主义的相互作用。这些研究来自克罗地亚、比利时、澳大利亚、美国、阿根廷、玻利维亚、厄瓜多尔、墨西哥、意大利和西班牙。在每篇文章中,作者都试图阐明人与产业之间的微妙联系,这些联系既紧密地联系在一起,同时又与区域和全球进程联系在一起。这些文章要求我们批判性地审视高度复杂系统中过于简化的信息传递,并提供对全球主要地区局部尺度变化过程的见解,通过可持续性的视角,并在当前全球化和经济民族主义的竞争叙事中突出农村变化的当代地位。
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引用次数: 0
TOURISM, CULTURAL HERITAGE AND URBAN REGENERATION: Changing Spaces in Historical Places 旅游、文化遗产与城市更新:历史场所的空间变化
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.1080/00167428.2022.2072639
J. Bryson
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引用次数: 6
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Geographical Review
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