Health Promotion Practice最新文献

Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, wastewater surveillance hasemerged as a critical tool for tracking the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus and other pathogens in communities throughout the United States. In 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) launched the National Wastewater Surveillance System (NWSS), which partners with state, local, tribal, and territorial health departments to develop and implement wastewater collection and analysis systems and to share data. In 2022, the CDC established the first two NWSS Centers of Excellence to lead its implementation and coordination efforts-one in Colorado (Colorado CoE) and one in Houston (Houston CoE). As the NWSS expands, it is becoming more important to support the training needs of jurisdictions at different stages of developing their wastewater surveillance infrastructure. To evaluate these needs, the Colorado CoE and Houston CoE conducted a needs assessment study of NWSS-funded public health agencies and public utilities departments located in the United States using surveys developed by the Colorado CoE. The results of the surveys showed that although some training needs were universal, it will be most beneficial to develop training modules tailored to the needs of entities that operate wastewater surveillance programs of various sizes, workforce experience levels, and at different stages in the infrastructure development process.

Purpose. Caring Text Messages (CTM) is an evidence-based intervention, developed by the Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board, modeled after the Caring Contacts (CC) intervention. CC has been shown to prevent suicide deaths, attempts, ideation, and hospitalizations in a variety of settings. Method. Three sets of CTM were developed by American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) teens, college students, and veterans (tailored for each audience), which were reviewed by psychologists familiar with the intervention. To enroll in the service, participants texted a keyword to a text message short code and received two text messages per week with hopeful and encouraging messages. A robust multimedia social marketing campaign was designed to promote the service for each audience. Results. By September 2023, 387 participants enrolled in the Youth CTM intervention, 141 enrolled in the College CTM, and 31 enrolled in the Veterans CTM. Post surveys show elevated levels of user satisfaction. Conclusions. CTM can be tailored to reach populations at higher risk of suicide, including AI/AN youth, college students, and veterans, and connect them to culturally responsive peer and crisis support services. Continued monitoring and evaluation can guide next steps for marketing and outreach and will be useful to determine its impact on those who enroll.

Unmet health-related social needs contribute to high morbidity and poor population health. Improving social conditions are likely to reduce health disparities and improve the health of the overall U.S. population. The primary objective of this article is to describe an innovative workforce model, called Regional Health Connectors (RHCs), and how they address health-related social needs in Colorado. This is a program evaluation that analyzed field notes and interview data from 2021-2022. We applied our findings to the framework developed by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's (NASEM's) report on strengthening social care integration into health care (2019). We found that RHCs address the following health-related social needs most commonly: food insecurity (n = 18 of 21 regions or 85% of all regions), housing (n = 17 or 81% of all regions), transportation (n = 11 or 52% of all regions), employment opportunities (n = 10 or 48% of all regions), and income/financial assistance (n = 11 or 52% of all regions). RHCs interacted across many sectors to address health-related social needs and provided multiple types of support to primary care practices at the organizational level. Examples of emerging impact of RHCs are described and mapped onto the NASEM framework. Findings from this program evaluation add to the growing landscape of knowledge and importance of detecting and addressing health-related social needs. We conclude that RHCs are a unique and emerging workforce that addresses multiple domains needed to integrate social care into health care.

Despite the availability of COVID-19 vaccines for youth since 2021, vaccine hesitancy has resulted in suboptimal uptake. Public health campaigns that empower local youth ambassadors as trusted messengers who share their personal narratives related to getting vaccinated hold promise for promoting COVID-19 vaccination. We used a seven-step approach to develop, implement, and evaluate a youth-led ambassador campaign to promote COVID-19 vaccine uptake in communities experiencing COVID-19 disparities in Worcester, MA. The seven steps included (1) engaging with key partners, (2) determining a community of focus, (3) identifying trusted sources, (4) determining campaign components, (5) training the vaccine ambassadors, (6) disseminating the campaign, and (7) evaluating the campaign. We trained nine youth as vaccine ambassadors. Ambassadors were guided through self-reflection of motivations for COVID-19 vaccination and the resulting personal narratives became the campaign messaging. English/Spanish vaccine messages developed by youth ambassadors were disseminated through social media platforms (n = 3), radio (n = 2), local TV (n = 2), flyers (n = 2,086), posters (n = 386), billboards (n = 10), and local bus ads (n = 40). Qualitative youth feedback indicate participation in the campaign was a positive and empowering experience which reinforces the importance of engaging youth in public health messaging. Youth empowerment through personal narratives (and storytelling) holds promise for future public health campaigns.

Informed by the social ecological model, which asserts that health behaviors and beliefs are the result of multiple levels of influence, we examined factors related to parents' support for in-school COVID-19 mitigation strategies. Using data from a survey of 567 parents/caregivers of public elementary and middle school students in eight Maryland counties, we employed regression models to examine relationships between parent-, child-, family-, school-, and community-level factors and acceptability of mitigation strategies. Acceptance of COVID-19 mitigation strategies was positively correlated with child- and family-level factors, including child racial identity (parents of Black children were more accepting than those of White children, odds ratio [OR]: 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.5, 4.1]), parent receipt of the COVID-19 vaccine (OR: 2.4, 95% CI = [1.5, 3.7]), and parent Democrat or Independent political affiliation (compared with Republican affiliation, OR: 4.2, 95% CI = [2.6, 6.7]; OR: 2.2, 95%CI = [1.3, 3.8], respectively). Acceptance was also positively associated with parents' perceptions of their school's mitigation approach, including higher school mitigation score, indicating more intensive mitigation policies (OR: 1.1, 95% CI = [1.0, 1.1]), better school communication about COVID-19 (OR: 1.7, 95% CI = [1.4, 1.9]) and better school capacity to address COVID-19 (OR: 1.9, 95% CI = [1.5, 2.4]). Community-level factors were not associated with acceptance. Child- and parent-level factors identified suggest potential groups for messaging regarding mitigation strategies. School-level factors may play an important role in parents' acceptance of in-school mitigation strategies. Schools' capacity to address public health threats may offer an underappreciated and modifiable setting for disseminating and reinforcing public health guidance.

Movement as medicine is the premise behind Running Medicine (RM), a community-based wellness program that began in 2016 in New Mexico. RM is centered in the Indigenous traditions of running and is oriented to improving the four dimensions of wellness-mind, body, spirit, and social. Using retroactive surveys of RM's Spring 2019 participants, we investigated the program's effectiveness in the realms of physical, mental, spiritual, and social wellness. Based on data from participant surveys, RM appears to be effective at improving the four realms of wellness. Indigenous participants improved to a greater degree in mental and social wellness than non-Indigenous participants, while the opposite was true for physical and spiritual wellness. For both groups, the largest effect size among the four domains was seen in social wellness. Among our participants, this culturally grounded approach to wellness appears to be effective at improving the four realms of physical, mental, spiritual, and social wellness.

In this study, we aimed to inform implementation of an animal-assisted intervention (AAI) in an Australian university setting by exploring previously implemented university AAIs. Universities internationally have attempted to address growing concerns around student and staff stress and anxiety by adopting AAIs. However, despite stress and anxiety being common among Australian students and staff, studies are yet to investigate the implementation of an AAI as a strategy to promote health and well-being in this context. Twelve academics who had previously implemented AAIs were recruited via purposeful intensity sampling, with data collected via semistructured interviews. Our findings highlight several facilitators to successful implementation of an AAI, along with strategies used to overcome barriers. Understanding how to amplify strengths and minimize challenges will support Australian universities to implement successful AAIs on campus and, in turn, assist in promoting improved student and staff well-being.

As a living being that was passed down the role of storytelling, I describe the conditions under which individuals find themselves. Science, and specifically public health research, affords me the opportunity to deploy my storytelling skills toward advocacy and intervention for communities that disproportionately bear the burden of poor health. Although neither role makes space for the emotional toll of this work. Neither allows me to rest long enough to move through the emotional mist of what it means to be perceived as a queer, Black, cisgender woman, and storytelling scientist in a stratified and hateful world where I am so much more. This poem pools from various worlds within me for each stanza. The poem seeks to reconcile for my whole self, and others who experience marginality, why our colleagues, countrypersons, and community members see it fit to perpetuate notions of human difference along racialized, socioeconomic, sexualized, gendered, able-bodied, and other stratified lines-to the detriment of our lives. How can my colleagues, countrypersons, and community members be willing to receive the privileges of a democratic society but discard the lives from which that society was built? How can my colleagues, countrypersons, and community members be willing to receive our science but discard our health? This poem brings together multidisciplinary discourse from the humanities and the social and biological sciences to state plainly what many others have academically. May this poem be paired with existing literature on the falsity of biologized race, reparations, and methodologies of reflexivity in science.To view the original version of this poem, see the Supplemental Material section of this article online.

Mental health issues are prevalent among young people. An estimated 10% of children and adolescents worldwide experience a mental disorder, yet most do not seek or receive care. Media mental health awareness campaigns, defined as marketing efforts to raise awareness of mental health issues through mass media, are an effort to address this concern. While previous research has evaluated the outcomes of specific media mental health awareness campaigns, there is limited data synthesizing their overall effects. This study addresses the knowledge gap by reviewing the existing literature on the impact of media mental health awareness campaigns on young people. A search was conducted on MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2004 and 2022 with results specific to people aged 10 to 24. Out of 20,902 total studies identified and screened, 18 studies were included in the review. The following data were extracted from each study: characteristics and descriptions of the campaign, evaluation design and sampling, and summary of impact. The review identified evaluations of 15 campaigns from eight different countries. Outcome evaluation methods commonly comprised of surveys and quantitative data. The campaigns were generally associated with positive changes in the attitudes, beliefs, and intentions of young people (e.g., reduced stigma) and positive changes in behaviors (e.g., increased help-seeking behaviors). The inclusion of few studies in the review indicates a need for ongoing evaluations of media mental health awareness campaigns for young people to inform good practices in their development and distribution.

The spread of health misinformation has made the task of health communicators more difficult. However, the success of health messaging hinges not only on meaningful message content but also on the credibility of who is delivering the message. "Trusted messengers," like local leaders and community-based organizations, have a greater ability to influence improvements in community health, due to their shared cultural experience with their communities. Health communication agencies should empower trusted messengers with the tools they need to succeed in health communication. One tool critical for their success is a succinct health messaging framework to plan and implement health messaging. Marketing has "See, Think, Do"-a simple, practical framework used to influence consumer purchases. As a more trustworthy corollary, we propose the "Lights, Facts, and Goals" framework, a concise, authentic, and transparent method for planning, implementing, and assessing health messaging campaigns that influence health improvements. "Lights" refers to different methods of reaching communities like trusted messengers, advertisements, and text messages. "Facts" refers to key sourced scientific information relevant to a specific aspect of community health. "Goals" refers to actions community members can take to improve their health in connection with the communicated health facts. This article describes how the "Lights, Facts, and Goals" framework both simplifies the creation and communication of scientifically sound health messaging and strengthens the partnership between health agencies and trusted messengers in the community. Through "Lights, Facts, and Goals," community-based organizations, community leaders, and their partners will be more effective at improving community health through messaging.