Health Promotion Practice最新文献

Gaps in food and nutrition security prompted farm to family innovations in Michigan to increase the number of community-supported agriculture (CSA) sites accepting Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) along with financial incentives. In addition, there was a need for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed) nutrition education. The Michigan Fitness Foundation, (MFF), recruited SNAP-Ed staff from key organizations to inform resource development framed in a community-involved process. MFF staff followed the community-involved process to promote collaboration and learn how to best meet nutrition education needs for shoppers at Michigan Farm to Family: CSA (MF2FCSA) sites. The methods used in the community-involved process included a listening session with SNAP-Ed staff, a brainstorming session with MFF staff, and a survey with shoppers at MF2FCSA sites. From this, lessons were learned. First, educators should have autonomy to choose the nutrition education activities that fit the needs of their local context. Another lesson learned was the importance of developing strong relationships between nutrition educators and CSA staff to support effective communication, and ultimately, the delivery of nutrition education. These lessons learned informed the development of a resource, called the CSA Food Navigator Playbook. The playbook includes program guidance and a suite of flexible and feasible nutrition education activities designed specifically to meet the needs of shoppers at MF2FCSA sites. Multiple feedback loops and collaboration strategies informed the community-involved process which were key for formative program development.

Pap smear rates have been declining in recent years, highlighting the need for effective public health messaging to encourage regular screenings. This study examines how Pap smears and cervical cancer screenings are discussed on TikTok, a key focus of public health messaging efforts. Using the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM), we analyzed threat and efficacy messages in 155 TikTok videos tagged with #PapSmear and #FirstPapSmear. Our sample included content from health care professionals and non-health care creators, with diverse racial and ethnic representation. Findings reveal a low prevalence of threat messaging, with only 3.2% of videos addressing the susceptibility to or severity of cervical cancer. In contrast, efficacy messaging was more common: 12.3% of videos provided strategies to make Pap smears more comfortable, and 18.1% discussed the diagnostic benefits of Pap smears. Black creators were more likely to share negative experiences and promote Pap smear importance compared to all other creators, whereas White creators emphasized the diagnostic value of the Pap smear. Hispanic creators most frequently mentioned preparatory strategies, and messages from Asian creators did not include self-efficacy messages. Health sources were more likely than non-health sources to offer preparation tips for Pap smears and emphasize their diagnostic value. Engagement data analyses showed that videos highlighting diagnostic benefits received more likes, while those offering Pap smear preparation tips garnered more likes, comments, and saves. Addressing racial and ethnic differences in the creation of Pap smear content may improve public health education.

This study examines cross-sectional relationships between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and sleep in early adolescents using rigorous assessments and accounting for caffeine consumption. It was hypothesized that greater SSB consumption would be associated with shorter sleep duration, greater sleepiness, lower sleep quality, and later bedtimes and waketimes on weekdays and weekends. The sample included 288 middle school students (M_age = 12.09 years; 54% female; 48% Black; 37% White; 10% Hispanic/Latino; and 5% other racial-ethnic groups) recruited from 15 public middle schools in the Birmingham metropolitan area. Sleep duration, as well as wake and bedtimes, were calculated from 7-day actigraphy. During the same 7 days, SSB and caffeine consumption were measured with daily assisted 24-hour food recalls. Multiple regression analyses showed that after controlling for sociodemographics, physical activity, energy intake, and caffeine consumption, greater SSB consumption was associated with shorter weekday sleep duration (β = -.19; CI = [-.28, -.05]). Furthermore, higher SSB consumption was linked to later bedtimes (β = .19; CI = [.05, .33]). Results suggest that youth who drink more SSBs have disruptions in sleep timing on weekdays and weekends that may contribute to shorter sleep duration. To improve adolescent sleep, continued efforts are needed to reduce overall SSB consumption through nutrition education in schools and communities.

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, correctional officers not only experienced high rates of COVID-19 infection but concomitantly demonstrated low vaccine uptake and high government mistrust, placing correctional staff and the incarcerated at risk for viral transmission. To support behavioral change, a multi-pronged dialogic health education intervention was developed for correctional officers in a New York county jail. One-hour facilitated discussions took place during mandatory training days. The research team collected pre- and post-surveys to assess whether the sessions impacted intention to change COVID-19 preventive behaviors, perceived effectiveness of behaviors recommended by public health professionals, and overall health literacy. Participants were also invited to participate in an interview 3-7 months after the session regarding behavior change and perceived effectiveness of the dialogic approach. Surveys were analyzed for pre-post changes, and interview notes were analyzed using thematic content analysis. The data indicate that officers were more likely to demonstrate increased health literacy and an intention to improve or maintain their non-pharmacological health behaviors following participation in a dialogue-based health information session. Outcomes suggest that when delivering sensitive health information to populations often mistrustful of governmental initiatives, information sessions that employ discussion strategies, facilitated by credible messengers, are likely to be the most effective in improving health-related knowledge and attitudes; further study is needed to understand these strategies' effect on behavioral change.

The Chief of Staff (CoS) position, in both the public and private sectors, assists the executive team in strategizing, communicating, and making decisions for the organization. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention uses the model of a CoS within its incident management system (IMS) for public health emergency responses. During those responses, the CoS is responsible for the oversight and coordination of the operational and management functions, and that position is a primary member of the response leadership team. An effective CoS leverages their knowledge of systems and processes, resources, and subject matter expertise from across the organization to solve operational challenges. The position also facilitates connections with other federal response agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and international and domestic partners. Health departments seeking to improve how their organization addresses routine and unexpected challenges during emergency responses could consider adding a CoS role to their IMS.

Medicare Annual Wellness Visits (AWVs) are yearly appointments with a PCP aimed at preventing disease or disability, based on current health and risk factors. Despite the benefits of AWVs, utilization remains low, particularly in rural states like Arkansas. This study aims to better understand the low utilization by exploring the awareness and perception of AWVs among older Arkansans. The research team conducted 9 focus groups with 96 Medicare-enrolled Arkansans. The researchers utilized an inductive thematic coding process with multiple coders for analyzing the focus group transcripts. Results suggest that Arkansans were largely unaware of AWVs. Participants saw the visits as repetitive and burdensome, did not understand their benefits, and did not understand how they differed from routine physicals. Encouragement from providers helped motivate utilization. Some specific aspects of AWVs were highlighted as useful and beneficial, such as the cognitive assessments. Still, some participants had fear, anxiety, or distrust related to the cognitive assessments. We recommend the utilization of these findings in designing messaging and awareness campaigns around AWVs and encouragement of provider promotion.

Many young people in the United States lack the exposure, confidence, and skills necessary to use public transportation independently. Our nonprofit in Austin, Texas addresses this gap by integrating daily public transit use into its summer camp experience. Each day, children (campers) and teens (volunteers) receive training and are led by camp leaders through the city using public transportation to reach educational destinations. This hands-on approach aligns with experiential learning theory, which emphasizes learning through action and reflection. It also reflects the PRECEDE-PROCEED model, prioritizing a real community need-low youth transit engagement-by reducing barriers and embedding evaluation into program design. The program builds practical navigation skills, city awareness, independence, and social confidence. Both age groups benefit: children develop early transit literacy, while teens gain leadership skills, practical knowledge, and increased civic engagement. Teaching youth to use public transportation increases the likelihood of confident, regular adult transit use, shaping future riders and strengthening public transit systems.

The U.S. trans/gender diverse (TGD) community experiences considerable mental health disparities and barriers to health care. To address these challenges, Trans Wellness, Trans Brilliance (TWTB) was developed to advance the resilience, self-compassion, and community connectedness of TGD people in Michigan. Designed by TGD people for TGD people, this community-based research project was a joint partnership between a local trans community care organization and a large Midwestern research institution, supported by state foundation funding. The construction of TWTB was sequential and iterative. The project concept originally emerged from previous research, which identified a need for a program to enhance resilience, capacity, and emotional well-being in the broader Michigan TGD community. This led to the innovative idea of designing an intervention that was both virtually accessible and capable of being implemented by any community advocate, regardless of professional training. Interviews were conducted with community stakeholders statewide to identify the needs, desired skills, and objectives for such a skill-based program. Findings from these interviews were used to design the online intervention. Community members further shaped the intervention through a focus group, which assessed the desirability and anticipated effectiveness of the curriculum. The final product was TWTB: an 8-week, peer-support, virtual wellness intervention.

The Georgia Department of Public Health developed the Safe Sleep Shelter Program to expand Georgia Safe to Sleep campaign efforts. The program focused on engaging with housing support agencies, homeless shelters, and domestic violence shelters. The program offered a menu of resources that agencies could choose from, including portable cribs for agency use and distribution to families, safe sleep education for staff, assistance with creating/updating agency safe sleep policies, and Baby Bundle Safe Sleep kits with education and resources for families. The program showed promising results: 44 agencies across the state applied, serving an estimated 20,950 individuals annually. Agencies expressed strong interest in expanding safe sleep education and resources for the families they served. Most agencies reported that the program filled gaps in services, including having enough cribs to meet demand and limited safe sleep education and resources. Agencies reported that parents appreciated the cribs and Baby Bundle Safe Sleep kits as most did not have money to purchase an infant sleep surface. Agencies reported that the resources provided new information to infant parents, facilitated discussion, and reinforced safe sleep messaging. Evaluation challenges included difficulties collecting distribution data and a low response rate for parent surveys. Implications are discussed for others interested in implementing such a program, including to develop processes for communicating updated recommendations, leverage existing relationships to engage additional agencies, evaluate efforts to refine program components, and consider strategies to increase parent survey response rates.

Eastern North Carolina (ENC) residents have higher rates of type 2 diabetes, lower life expectancy, less physical activity (PA), and higher food insecurity than the rest of North Carolina. Black individuals in ENC may face health disparities due to systemic and societal barriers to PA and a nutritious diet; modifiable behaviors that may improve overall health. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of rural Black women who live in ENC and who meet the criteria for overweight and obesity in the context of PA and healthful diet promotion. Photo-elicitation was used to explore this population's specific experiences with PA and nutrition, including barriers and facilitators, through photos and focus groups. Participants (N = 14; 43.5 ± 8.7 years old; body mass index (BMI) = 34.6 ± 5.9 kg/m²) were Black women in the rural Southeastern United States. Recruitment strategies included community outreach, listservs, social media, and word of mouth. Using photos submitted, our team conducted focus groups and completed content analyses to identify themes to tailor the development of a future health promotion program for Black women. Overarching themes were (a) Reframing the Mindset, (b) Accountability, and (c) Cultural Relativity. Findings demonstrate that Black women living in rural areas desire culturally relevant PA and nutrition programming focusing on healthy lifestyles versus weight loss. Future practice and research should utilize these findings to develop and examine the health impact of a health promotion program designed for Black women by Black women on PA levels, diet quality, and quality of life.