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Book review: Anne-Mette Hermans, Discourses of Perfection: Representing Cosmetic Procedures and Beauty Products in UK Lifestyle Magazines 书评:Anne Mette Hermans,《完美的话语:在英国生活方式杂志中代表美容程序和美容产品》
IF 2.2 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1177/09579265231152300
H. Ringrow
become inscribed into the objects, settings and actions we find all around us – into the very stuff of our realities, to take Hjelmslev’s expression. Van Leeuwen shows how multimodality offers a set of tools for revealing how this takes place. We can study how identity manifest itself semiotically. But to know what we are looking at in the semiotics, we must understand social and historical contexts. This very point was also at the heart of RI. But, for us, Multimodality and Identity really shows how to study this. And as such provides, we would argue, an invaluable resource for discourse studies right now. This book tells us what can multimodality offer that is unique. It shows what its inventories of meaning potentials add to existing knowledge. And of course as discourse analysts this is what we are about.
融入我们周围的事物、环境和行动中——融入我们现实中的东西中,用赫梅尔姆斯列夫的话说。Van Leeuwen展示了多模态是如何提供一套工具来揭示这种情况是如何发生的。我们可以研究身份是如何通过符号表现出来的。但要想知道我们在符号学中看到的是什么,我们必须了解社会和历史背景。这一点也是RI的核心。但是,对我们来说,《多模态与同一性》真正展示了如何研究这一点。因此,我们认为,这为话语研究提供了宝贵的资源。这本书告诉我们多模态能提供什么是独一无二的。它展示了其意义潜力清单对现有知识的补充。当然,作为话语分析人士,这就是我们要做的。
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引用次数: 5
Can space be conceptualized in a different way in political discourse? An extended application of Discourse Space Theory 在政治话语中,空间能否以不同的方式被概念化?话语空间理论的扩展应用
IF 2.2 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-07-28 DOI: 10.1177/09579265231188956
Qian Ma, Qiufang Wen
Political discourse can be considered as consisting of conflictual discourse and cooperative discourse in view of the relationship between power entities. From the perspective of spatial conceptualization in cognitive discourse analysis, cooperative discourse is supposed to be different from conflictual one in terms of the spatial representation, with Chilton’s Discourse Space Theory, which mainly conceptualizes space as an inside/outside dichotomy, only accounting for the latter instead of the former. This paper attempts to further apply Chilton’s three-dimensional model to involve the alternative way of spatial conceptualization with different kind of construals and to compare the differences of the two types of political discourse in the construction of discourse space. Taking the speeches by two state leaders for the purposes of cooperation and accusation respectively as the cases in point, this paper concludes that cooperative discourse displays an outward-extensive discourse space representation as opposed to the inward-contractive discourse space representation of conflictual discourse. This study contributes to expand the scope of discourse space analysis, which is primarily for antagonistic relations only, to incorporate cooperative relations with an extended application of DST based on alternative ways of spatial conceptualization and an elaboration on the dynamics of its three dimensions, and hence to shed some lights on political discourse studies.
从权力主体关系的角度看,政治话语可以分为冲突话语和合作话语。从认知话语分析中的空间概念化角度来看,合作话语在空间表征上应该不同于冲突话语,奇尔顿的话语空间理论主要将空间概念化为内外二分,只考虑了后者而不是前者。本文试图进一步应用Chilton的三维模型,将不同类型的构念纳入空间概念化的替代方式,并比较两种类型的政治话语在话语空间建构中的差异。本文以两位国家领导人分别以合作和指责为目的的讲话为例,认为合作话语表现出一种向外的广泛话语空间表征,而不是冲突话语的向内收缩话语空间表征。本研究有助于扩大话语空间分析的范围,主要针对对抗关系,将合作关系与基于空间概念化的替代方法的DST的扩展应用相结合,并阐述其三维动态,从而为政治话语研究提供一些启示。
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引用次数: 0
Value frames in discourse supporting transgender athlete bans 支持跨性别运动员禁令的话语中的价值框架
IF 2.2 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/09579265231187058
Kimberly Martin, Elizabeth P. Rahilly
American states began passing legislation that would ban transgender girls from competing on sports teams that match their gender identity in 2020. During legislative debate, supporters of transgender athlete bans adopted rhetoric that framed their arguments in terms of commonly held values. ‘Value frames’ establish connections between people and spoken values and have a powerful effect on the way that opinions about public policy are formed. We conduct a discourse analysis of video and audio footage from committee testimony and chamber debate from 18 US states to identify the major discursive themes used by the bans’ supporters. Themes include gender simplicity, male advantage, protecting women and preventing change. Our discussion and analysis connects these themes to long-standing value frames used by political elites, namely tradition, fairness and equal opportunity. The conclusion addresses the implications of this discourse for shaping the public’s understanding of sex and gender.
美国各州开始通过立法,禁止跨性别女孩在2020年参加与她们性别认同相符的运动队。在立法辩论中,支持禁止跨性别运动员的人采用了用普遍价值观来框定自己论点的措辞。“价值框架”在人们和口头价值观之间建立了联系,并对公共政策意见的形成方式产生了强大的影响。我们对来自美国18个州的委员会证词和议院辩论的视频和音频片段进行了话语分析,以确定禁令支持者使用的主要话语主题。主题包括性别简单、男性优势、保护女性和防止变化。我们的讨论和分析将这些主题与政治精英长期使用的价值框架联系起来,即传统、公平和平等机会。结论论述了这一论述对塑造公众对性和性别的理解的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Kindness in British communities: Discursive practices of promoting kindness during the Covid pandemic. 英国社区的善意:新冠肺炎疫情期间倡导善意的散漫实践。
IF 2.2 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.1177/09579265221148691
Jilan Wei

This research adopts Critical Discourse Analysis as a perspective to explore how kindness was expressed and promoted in university communities and city communities from January to March in 2020 when the Covid pandemic broke out in the UK and provide a window on British culture in which kindness was expressed and promoted through discourse. It combines a qualitative method with a corpus-based quantitative method. It is found that kindness was meant for providing support and showing compassion and inclusion to community members and that strategies in lexis, syntax and metaphor can reproduce or resist the expression and promotion of kindness in communities. During the pandemic, the intentional kindness expressed by community authorities was respect of diversity rather than inclusion of different values or ethnicity and no substantial support was provided to vulnerable members even though authorities were trying to impress the public by claiming that they were making constant efforts to support the community. Case studies revealed that we should caution against the use of passivation and the pronouns like they.

本研究以批判性话语分析为视角,探讨2020年1月至3月新冠肺炎疫情在英国爆发期间,大学社区和城市社区如何表达和促进善意,并为了解英国文化提供了一个通过话语表达和促进善良的窗口。它将定性方法与基于语料库的定量方法相结合。研究发现,善意是为了向社区成员提供支持、表达同情和包容,词汇、句法和隐喻策略可以再现或抵制善意在社区中的表达和促进。在疫情期间,社区当局有意表达的善意是尊重多样性,而不是包容不同的价值观或种族,尽管当局试图通过声称他们正在不断努力支持社区来打动公众,但没有向弱势成员提供实质性支持。案例研究表明,我们应该谨慎使用钝化词和类似的代词。
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引用次数: 1
Afro-diasporan racial discourse in Germany 德国的非洲流散种族话语
IF 2.2 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1177/09579265231179670
S. Ajagbe
This paper investigates the racial discourse in the Afro-diaspora group in Germany. It uses the ‘discourse-historical approach’ – a strand of Critical Discourse Analysis – for the three-dimensional analysis of language biographical data of 67 African migrants in Germany. The study provides African migrants’ accounts of racism, identifies four discursive strategies, and then examines the semantics of a counter-racialisation term developed to cope with racism. The study finds Afro-diaspora racial discourse as a site for confronting the racism problem, legitimising the race idea, and contingent on migrants’ access to material resources in Germany. Furthermore, the term ‘fake-oyinbo’ indicates an ability to use simple linguistic terms in an intended way of racial categorisation within race relations thinking. The paper concludes that Afro-diasporans’ racial discourse is a ‘grassroots’ minority discourse revealing a counter-racialisation linguistic action while explaining and justifying the condition of the ordinary black minority.
本文对德国非裔移民群体中的种族话语进行了研究。它使用“话语历史方法”——一种批判性话语分析——对67名在德国的非洲移民的语言传记数据进行了三维分析。该研究提供了非洲移民对种族主义的描述,确定了四种话语策略,然后检查了为应对种族主义而开发的反种族化术语的语义。该研究发现,散居海外的非洲人的种族话语是面对种族主义问题、使种族观念合法化的一个场所,并且取决于移民在德国获得物质资源的途径。此外,“fake-oyinbo”一词表明,在种族关系思维中,有能力使用简单的语言术语,以一种有意的方式进行种族分类。本文的结论是,散居非洲人的种族话语是一种“草根”少数群体话语,在解释和证明普通黑人少数群体状况的同时,揭示了一种反种族化的语言行为。
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引用次数: 0
“A radical point of view”: The discursive construction of the political identity of student activists “激进观点”:学生积极分子政治身份的话语建构
IF 2.2 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1177/09579265231174983
Sylvia Sierra
Recently there has been renewed interest in the intersection of identity and epistemics in social interaction, yet epistemics has still rarely been analyzed in political identity construction. This paper combines research on identity from a sociocultural linguistic perspective with epistemics using Conversation Analysis. The focus here is on understanding how a small group of student activists construct their shared political identities through epistemic stances towards their academic majors and career goals. Through a discourse analytic study of conversational data among these activists, I demonstrate the validity of the relationality principle of identity in accounting for how identities are constructed as related to one another. Furthermore, I examine the relational process of authentication in epistemic stances to legitimate claims to knowledge regarding political and academic identities, as well as alignment of stances in building group solidarity and shared political identity.
近年来,人们对社会交往中身份与认识论的交集重新产生了兴趣,但认识论在政治身份建构中的分析仍然很少。本文将社会文化语言学视角下的认同研究与会话分析的认识论研究相结合。这里的重点是理解一小群学生活动家如何通过对他们的学术专业和职业目标的认识立场来构建他们共同的政治身份。通过对这些积极分子之间对话数据的话语分析研究,我证明了身份的关系原则在解释身份如何被构建为彼此相关方面的有效性。此外,我还研究了认识论立场下的认证与政治和学术身份知识的合法要求的关系过程,以及在建立群体团结和共同政治身份方面的立场一致性。
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引用次数: 1
‘I have controlled so much’: Discourse of prison violence “我已经控制了这么多”:谈论监狱暴力
IF 2.2 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1177/09579265231178230
Jingrui Guo
Prison violence has been considered a threat to not only the safety of inmates, staff, and visitors but the day-to-day functioning of the prisons, and therefore is strictly forbidden and immediately punished. However, some inmates still turn to violence, which raises doubts about whether these inmates are naturally violent and impossible to change. This paper, based on in-depth interviews with 27 inmates who have committed violence and remained in solitary confinement in prisons in Zhejiang Province, China, examines how the inmates make sense of and describe their violent experiences. It is found that these inmates make efforts to construct their victims as deserving, acts as controlled, and punishment as acceptable through employing discursive strategies such as resorting to traditional values, conditional sentences, and repetition. In so doing, these inmates seek to redefine who they are not, how they should not be treated and what prison life should not be like. This paper could open up ways of better understanding why violence could be reduced but impossible to be eliminated completely in the prison context.
监狱暴力被认为不仅威胁囚犯、工作人员和访客的安全,而且威胁监狱的日常运作,因此被严格禁止并立即受到惩罚。然而,一些囚犯仍然转向暴力,这引发了人们对这些囚犯是否天生暴力且不可能改变的怀疑。本文通过对浙江省监狱中27名实施暴力并被单独监禁的囚犯的深入采访,探讨了这些囚犯如何理解和描述自己的暴力经历。研究发现,这些囚犯通过采用传统价值观、有条件判决和重复等话语策略,努力将受害者塑造成值得惩罚的人,将行为塑造成受控制的人,并将惩罚塑造成可接受的人。通过这样做,这些囚犯试图重新定义他们不是谁,不应该如何对待他们,以及监狱生活不应该是什么样子。这篇论文可以更好地理解为什么在监狱环境中暴力可以减少,但不可能完全消除。
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引用次数: 0
(De)legitimation of COVID-19 vaccination narratives on Facebook comments in Romania: Beyond the co-occurrence patterns of discursive strategies. 新冠肺炎疫苗接种叙事在罗马尼亚Facebook评论上的合法性:超越话语策略的共现模式。
IF 2.2 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-05-26 DOI: 10.1177/09579265231174793
Camelia Cmeciu

The postmodern medical paradigm has empowered online users in the (de)legitimating process of health-related topics. By employing a co-occurrence analysis, this study identifies the thematic patterns used by Romanian online users in their multimodal comments to the #storiesfromvaccination Facebook campaign run by the Romanian government. The findings show that the commenters assessed source credibility through two thematic patterns: 'source exemplarity' and 'source distrust'. Health experts were more legitimized than laypersons and role models as sources in the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. Two thematic patterns emerged in the assessment of vaccination, namely: 'immunization - past and present challenges' and 'vaccination supporter versus opponent cleavage'. In the discussion on immunization, a polarization between a nostalgic longing for the past and a present corrupted medical and political system prevailed, whereas the important feature of discursive antagonism could be observed in the latter thematic pattern. The co-occurrences of (de)legitimation strategies are explained with reference to the political and medical context, along with the challenges of social media usage in online vaccination communication campaigns.

后现代医学范式在健康相关话题的(去)合法化过程中赋予了在线用户权力。通过采用共现分析,这项研究确定了罗马尼亚在线用户在对罗马尼亚政府运营的#storiesfromworkingFacebook活动的多模式评论中使用的主题模式。研究结果表明,评论者通过两种主题模式评估来源可信度:“来源例证”和“来源不信任”。在新冠肺炎疫苗接种运动中,卫生专家比普通人和榜样更合法。在对疫苗接种的评估中出现了两种主题模式,即:“免疫——过去和现在的挑战”和“疫苗接种支持者与反对者的分裂”。在关于免疫接种的讨论中,对过去的怀旧渴望和现在腐败的医疗和政治制度之间的两极分化盛行,而在后一种主题模式中可以观察到话语对立的重要特征。参考政治和医学背景,以及在线疫苗接种宣传活动中社交媒体使用的挑战,解释了(去)合法化策略的共同出现。
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引用次数: 2
Dispatching First Responders: Language Practices and the Dispatcher’s Operational Role in Radio Encounters With Police Officers 调度第一响应者:语言实践和调度员在与警察无线电接触中的操作作用
IF 2.2 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.1177/09579265231164763
S. Clayman, Heidi Kevoe-Feldman
The delivery of emergency services is often contingent on social processes launched when someone calls to request help. While initial encounters between civilian callers and institutional call-takers have been extensively studied, little is known about subsequent encounters between dispatchers and first responders. This paper examines police radio dispatch calls and the language practices enacting the dispatcher’s operational role. It sketches the technological constraints and communicative challenges of the two-way radio medium, and the overall activity structure of radio dispatch. It then focuses on the design of dispatchers’ instructions to officers. The instruction has a recurrent base form but may be expanded with optional material addressing atypical or specialized circumstances. Accordingly, dispatchers are not passive conduits of information transfer; working within the constraints of the radio medium, they elaborate and reframe the available information in ways that triage the problem and aid in its downstream management.
紧急服务的提供通常取决于当有人打电话请求帮助时启动的社会程序。虽然民间来电者和机构接电话者之间的最初遭遇已经被广泛研究,但调度员和急救人员之间随后的遭遇却鲜为人知。本文考察了警察无线电调度呼叫和制定调度员操作角色的语言实践。它概述了双向无线电媒介的技术约束和通信挑战,以及无线电调度的整体活动结构。然后重点介绍调度员对官员的指示设计。该指令有一个反复出现的基本形式,但可以通过针对非典型或特殊情况的可选材料进行扩展。因此,调度员不是信息传递的被动渠道;他们在无线电媒体的限制下工作,以分类问题并帮助其下游管理的方式,对可用信息进行详细阐述和重新构建。
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引用次数: 0
Book review: Cynthia Gordon (ed.), Approaches to Discourse Analysis 书评:辛西娅·戈登主编,《话语分析方法》
IF 2.2 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.1177/09579265231174319
E. Putland
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Discourse & Society
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