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The (ecologically) imperial mode of sport at the exterminist stage of capitalism: Counter stories of Dakar Rally's ride in South America (2009–2019) 资本主义灭绝主义阶段的(生态)帝国式体育模式:南美洲达喀尔拉力赛的反故事(2009-2019)
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-04-20 DOI: 10.1177/10126902231163062
Chen Chen
This paper explores the voices of resistance against the Dakar Rally's decade-long operation in South America. Drawing upon the three-prong framework of environmental justice (EJ), the analysis showcases how the less powerful stakeholders in the hosting countries articulated the deleterious consequences caused by the event to the local communities and ecologies. Moreover, by situating the Dakar Rally's expeditions in South America within the global capitalist economy, the paper explains why the most prestigious car rally is an exemplary manifestation of ecological imperialism, as it is not only a showcase of unsustainable industries (represented by fossil-fuel vehicles) with European colonial hubris but also a newer stage of an ongoing centuries-old process of extracting ecological resources from the Global South to benefit the increasingly mobile, vampire-like transnational capital.
本文探讨了反对达喀尔拉力赛在南美洲长达十年的运作的声音。根据环境正义的三管齐下框架,该分析展示了主办国中实力较弱的利益相关者如何阐明事件对当地社区和生态造成的有害后果。此外,通过将达喀尔拉力赛在南美的探险活动定位于全球资本主义经济中,本文解释了为什么最负盛名的汽车拉力赛是生态帝国主义的典范表现,因为它不仅展示了欧洲殖民傲慢的不可持续的工业(以化石燃料汽车为代表),而且还展示了从全球南方提取生态资源的持续了几个世纪的过程的新阶段,以使日益流动的人受益。吸血鬼般的跨国资本。
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引用次数: 2
Balancing risk-taking and self-care: The ecology of athlete health behaviour during the Olympic qualification phase 平衡冒险和自我保健:在奥运会资格赛阶段的运动员健康行为的生态
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1177/10126902231168098
A. Schubring, Mathias Halltén, N. Barker-Ruchti, Anna Post
Athletes who aim to qualify for the Olympic Games need to stay healthy. Research demonstrates, however, that many elite athletes take health risks to achieve sporting success. Drawing on social ecological thinking, the purpose of this study is to understand change in athlete health behaviour during the Olympic Games qualification phase. We draw on data from a six-month-long case study on four athletes who aimed to qualify for the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio. We used semi-structured interviews and weekly-online surveys to collect data. Olympic hopefuls engaged in both risky health behaviour, such as ‘competing while injured’, and in self-caring health behaviour, such as ‘balanced dietary management’. Risk-taking was encouraged by a habit of taking pain medication, insufficient medical support, and time pressure to qualify. Awareness for self-care, a trusting coach-athlete relationship, and a well-rounded athlete support programme were factors that promoted self-care. Conceptually, we found that athlete health behaviour is dynamic and ecological, that is, it is relational to personal, contextual, and temporal factors. Based on the findings, we advise Olympic hopefuls to surround themselves with people who support caring health behaviour, and that sport organisations and stakeholders adopt long-term planning and implement policies of care.
想要获得奥运会参赛资格的运动员需要保持健康。然而,研究表明,许多精英运动员为了在体育运动中取得成功而冒着健康风险。运用社会生态学思想,本研究旨在了解奥运会资格赛阶段运动员健康行为的变化。我们利用了一项为期六个月的案例研究的数据,该研究针对四名希望获得2016年里约奥运会参赛资格的运动员。我们使用半结构化访谈和每周在线调查来收集数据。有希望参加奥运会的人既有危险的健康行为,如“受伤时比赛”,也有自我照顾的健康行为(如“均衡饮食管理”)。服用止痛药的习惯、医疗支持不足以及获得资格的时间压力鼓励了冒险。自我保健意识、信任教练和运动员的关系以及全面的运动员支持计划是促进自我保健的因素。从概念上讲,我们发现运动员的健康行为是动态的和生态的,也就是说,它与个人、环境和时间因素有关。根据研究结果,我们建议有希望参加奥运会的人身边有支持关爱健康行为的人,体育组织和利益相关者应制定长期规划并实施关爱政策。
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引用次数: 0
Subculturalisation/tribalisation as a social process: The Yugoslav 1980s and the roots of the ultras subculture in Croatia 作为一个社会过程的亚文化化/部落化:南斯拉夫20世纪80年代和克罗地亚极端亚文化的根源
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.1177/10126902231168346
As opposed to the discourse marking the division between the subculturalists and the post-subculturalists, we hold that subculturalisation and tribalisation are essentially the same social process. The process within which the Croatian ultras subculture was formed, took place from the late 1970s to the late 1980s. Nationalism and violence are broadly acknowledged as the main features of this new subcultural style in socialist Yugoslavia. However, to fully understand the process it is necessary to study broader spectrum of influences and relationships between actors on the social scene. Therefore we put emphasis on the interaction between football supporters and subcultural styles founded on rock and similar genres of music. This interaction proved to be crucial in anti-establishment and anti-mainstream sensibilities of the emerging football supporter scene. This is particularly important while these sensibilities have remained one of basic characteristics of the ultras subculture in modern Croatia.
与标志着亚文化主义者和后亚文化主义之间分裂的话语相反,我们认为亚文化化和部落化本质上是同一个社会过程。克罗地亚极端亚文化的形成过程发生在20世纪70年代末至80年代末。民族主义和暴力被广泛认为是社会主义南斯拉夫这种新的亚文化风格的主要特征。然而,为了充分理解这个过程,有必要研究社会舞台上演员之间更广泛的影响和关系。因此,我们强调足球支持者与基于摇滚和类似音乐流派的亚文化风格之间的互动。事实证明,这种互动对新兴足球支持者的反建制和反主流情绪至关重要。这一点尤为重要,因为这些情感一直是现代克罗地亚极端亚文化的基本特征之一。
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引用次数: 0
Sports mega-events and cosmopolitan nationalism: A critical discourse analysis of media representations of Japan through the 2019 Rugby World Cup 体育大型赛事与世界主义民族主义:2019年橄榄球世界杯对日本媒体表现的批判性话语分析
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1177/10126902231167097
Koji Kobayashi, J. Horne, J. Lee
Sports mega-events, like the Rugby World Cup, are often considered as a major platform for the celebration and reinforcement of nationalism. However, there is an emerging strand of research which contends that the host nations are increasingly presenting themselves with diverse, inclusive and cosmopolitan characteristics and, in turn, forms of nationalism have undergone some noticeable changes in more recent times. In this paper, we pursue an argument that Japan as the host of the 2019 Rugby World Cup projected the nation with a cosmopolitan outlook ultimately to sustain or even strengthen national interest and identity through the process of ‘cosmopolitan nationalism’. Methodologically, the research deployed critical discourse analysis to examine media representations of Japan as the host nation in general, and its national team in particular, within one of the leading Japanese newspapers as well as a range of other publicly available resources and materials in relation to the Rugby World Cup. In result, the study reveals the ways in which the discourse of ‘One Team’, embracement of foreignness and incidents of international exchanges during the event were mobilised to generate ‘thin’ cosmopolitan moments and, at the same time, were incorporated into the narratives of Japan's success on the world stage through conditional acceptance of foreignness and diversity. Consequently, this paper offers both a theoretical underpinning for and empirical evidence of the emerging linkage between sports mega-events and cosmopolitan nationalism.
像橄榄球世界杯这样的大型体育赛事通常被认为是庆祝和加强民族主义的主要平台。然而,有一种新兴的研究认为,东道国越来越多地呈现出多样化、包容性和世界性的特征,而民族主义的形式在最近也发生了一些明显的变化。在本文中,我们提出了一个论点,即日本作为2019年橄榄球世界杯的东道主,通过“世界主义民族主义”的过程,最终以世界主义的眼光来维持甚至加强国家利益和身份认同。在方法上,本研究运用批判性话语分析,在日本一家主要报纸以及一系列其他与橄榄球世界杯有关的公开资源和材料中,检查日本作为东道国的媒体表现,特别是其国家队。因此,该研究揭示了“一个团队”的话语、对异质的拥抱以及活动期间的国际交流事件是如何被动员起来产生“薄”的世界主义时刻的,同时,通过有条件地接受异质和多样性,被纳入日本在世界舞台上成功的叙事中。因此,本文为体育大型赛事与世界主义民族主义之间的新兴联系提供了理论基础和实证证据。
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引用次数: 0
Private football academies—friend or foe? An analysis of Norwegian media's framing of arguments about private football academies and the monopoly of organized sport 私立足球学院——朋友还是敌人?挪威媒体对私立足球学院和有组织体育垄断的争论框架分析
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-04-02 DOI: 10.1177/10126902231164903
Eivind Å. Skille, A. Strittmatter, C. Stenling, Josef Fahlén
Private football academies challenge the monopoly of Norwegian voluntary and democratic sport. Using field theory and framing approach as analytical perspectives, this article presents a media analysis that reveals that, first, association football and private academies agree on the fact that Norwegian football is not good enough and must improve. Second, they disagree on whether to improve it within association football exclusively or supplemented by private actors that are inspired by the international football field. Third, there is a negative popular view of private academies as too expensive, unconcerned with children's best interests, in violation of Norwegian sport's regulations for children's sport, and—in sum—thus being accused of destroying ‘sport for all’. However, by employing the analytical concepts of habitus and fields, the article also shows how actors partake in several subfields—often on both sides of the private—association border.
私人足球学院挑战挪威自愿和民主体育的垄断。本文采用场理论和框架方法作为分析视角,通过媒体分析发现,首先,足协和私立足球学院一致认为挪威足球不够好,必须改进。其次,他们不同意是只在足协内部进行改进,还是由受国际足球领域启发的私人行为者来补充。第三,有一种消极的流行观点,认为私立学校过于昂贵,不关心孩子的最大利益,违反了挪威体育对儿童体育的规定,因此被指责破坏了“全民体育”。然而,通过使用习惯和领域的分析概念,本文还展示了参与者如何参与几个子领域——通常是在私人关联边界的两侧。
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引用次数: 0
Combatting sectarianism from the ground up: The Northern Irish Green and White Army and the football carnival 从头开始打击宗派主义:北爱尔兰绿白军和足球狂欢节
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.1177/10126902231165658
John Bell, Ian Somerville, O. Hargie
This paper draws upon participant observation data conducted before and after all 10 qualifying matches for the 2016 UEFA European Football Championship to explore the dynamics underpinning the Northern Irish Green and White Army (GAWA) football carnival. Supplemented by interviews with Northern Ireland fans themselves and informed by the dramaturgical perspectives of Erving Goffman, the paper contends that the anti-sectarian ‘norms’ of GAWA football fandom are dominant in public spaces before matches when the GAWA ‘performance team’ are visible to one another and their audience within a geographically circumscribed space. In a post-match evening context however, various ‘cliques’ of supporters enact their own social rules within a ‘back-stage’ environment of more relaxed peer-to-peer surveillance. These at times transgress the established norms of GAWA fan behaviour. The paper acknowledges that inappropriate supporter behaviour, even within small groups, can damage the wider image of football teams and their supporters in ‘impression management’ terms. But rather than imposing top-down ‘solutions’ which are often devised with limited input from supporters, we suggest that football governing bodies, associations and clubs should look to work in partnership with supporters to identify creative ways in which supporters can be resourced to proactively become ‘norm entrepreneurs’ and challenge inappropriate behaviour from within.
本文利用2016年欧洲足球锦标赛10场资格赛前后的参与者观察数据,探讨北爱尔兰绿白军(GAWA)足球狂欢节的动力。该论文通过对北爱尔兰球迷本人的采访以及Erving Goffman的戏剧视角进行补充,认为当GAWA的“表演团队”在地理限制的空间内相互可见时,GAWA足球球迷群体的反宗派“规范”在比赛前的公共空间中占主导地位。然而,在赛后的晚上,各种“派系”的支持者在更放松的对等监控的“后台”环境中制定了自己的社交规则。这些行为有时违反了GAWA粉丝行为的既定规范。该报承认,支持者的不当行为,即使是在小团体中,也会损害足球队及其支持者在“印象管理”方面的更广泛形象。但是,我们建议足球管理机构、协会和俱乐部不要强加自上而下的“解决方案”,这些解决方案通常是在支持者投入有限的情况下制定的,而应该寻求与支持者合作,以确定创造性的方式,为支持者提供资源,主动成为“规范企业家”,并从内部挑战不当行为。
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引用次数: 0
“The spectators ask, is it a boy or a girl? What is it?”: Cultural cisgenderism and trans men's sporting experiences in Iran 观众问,这是男孩还是女孩?这是什么?:伊朗的文化顺性别主义和跨性别男子的体育经历
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-03-08 DOI: 10.1177/10126902231162270
M. Afroozeh, Catherine Phipps, Ali Afrouzeh, Ameneh Mehri, Zahra Alipour Asiri
In this article, we draw on cultural cisgenderism to analyse the sporting experiences of trans men in Iran. Utilising semi-structured interviews with twelve trans men in different stages of transition, we consider their experiences of women's sport environments, the extent to which cisnormativity is embedded into the culture, and whether their gender identities are accepted. We found that essentialist understandings of sex and gender are evident in sport environments, with gender presentation policed by others, and expectations this should align with ascribed biological sex. While some interviewees’ masculine expressions were valued, others were considered ‘too masculine’ to be eligible to participate in women's sport spaces; this led to restrictions around appearance and clothing, alongside instances of compulsory hormone testing. Finally, for those who were ‘out’ about their gender identity, this often led to hostility from others, including coaches, teammates, and spectators. Overall, this paper provides a critical understanding of trans inclusion in sport spaces in Iran. However, the findings may be useful for anyone working to make sport more accessible, regardless of geographical location.
在这篇文章中,我们利用文化顺性别主义来分析伊朗跨性别男性的体育经历。利用对12名处于不同过渡阶段的跨性别男性的半结构化采访,我们考虑了他们在女性运动环境中的经历,顺规范性在文化中的嵌入程度,以及他们的性别认同是否被接受。我们发现,本质主义者对性和性别的理解在体育环境中是显而易见的,性别表现由其他人控制,期望这与归因的生理性别一致。虽然一些受访者的男性化表达受到重视,但其他人被认为“过于男性化”,没有资格参加女子运动场所;这导致了对外表和穿着的限制,以及强制性的激素测试。最后,对于那些对自己的性别认同“直言不讳”的人来说,这往往会导致其他人的敌意,包括教练、队友和观众。总的来说,本文对伊朗体育空间中的跨性别包容提供了一个批判性的理解。然而,这些发现可能对任何致力于让体育运动更容易进行的人都有用,无论地理位置如何。
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引用次数: 0
Book review: A New Agenda For Football Crowd Management: Reforming Legal and Policing Responses to Risk by Geoff Pearson and Clifford Stott 书评:《足球人群管理的新议程:改革法律和警察对风险的反应》,作者:杰夫·皮尔逊和克利福德·斯托特
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-03-07 DOI: 10.1177/10126902231158594
Jan Andre Lee Ludvigsen
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引用次数: 1
Corrigendum to From the via Crucis to paradise. The experiences of women football players in Spain surrounding gender and homosexuality 从十字架之路到天堂的勘误表。西班牙女足运动员在性别和同性恋方面的经历
3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.1177/10126902231162456
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引用次数: 0
It’s Just About Having Fun’? Interrogating the lived experiences of newcomers To Canada in introductory winter sport programmes 只是为了好玩?在冬季运动介绍节目中询问新来加拿大的人的生活经历
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-03-05 DOI: 10.1177/10126902231156143
S. Barrick
This study examined the underexplored relationship between winter sport, newcomer participation, integration, and national identity. Winter sports hold a prominent place within Canadian culture and identity; newcomers recognize this and express a willingness to try winter sports to feel ‘more Canadian’. Using a qualitative intrinsic case study design, I interrogated how newcomers to Canada experienced the significance of participating in one introductory winter sport programme – the WinSport Newcomers Programme – for their integration into Canadian society. Study methods included qualitative in-depth interviews and a photo elicitation focus group with WinSport Newcomers Programme participants, as well as participant observations of the programmes. This research was theoretically informed by social constructionist perspectives on race and ethnicity, as well as critical insights on sport-related integration. Using reflexive thematic analysis, I developed two themes focusing on the relationship between winter sport participation and newcomer integration, and considerations about future winter sport participation. Results illustrate that study participants experienced diverse programme outcomes and drew varied meanings from learning prominent Canadian winter sports. Various program shortcomings were also identified, which weakened the WinSport Newcomers Programme's integrative potential. Acknowledging the programme shortcomings, I argue that the role of introductory winter sport programmes for newcomer integration is worthy of future inquiry.
这项研究考察了冬季运动、新人参与、融合和民族认同之间未被充分探索的关系。冬季运动在加拿大文化和身份认同中占有重要地位;新来者认识到了这一点,并表示愿意尝试冬季运动,让自己感觉“更像加拿大人”。通过一个定性的内在案例研究设计,我询问了加拿大的新来者如何体验到参加一个介绍性冬季运动项目——WinSport新人项目——对他们融入加拿大社会的重要性。研究方法包括对WinSport Newcomers项目参与者进行定性深入访谈和照片启发焦点小组,以及参与者对项目的观察。这项研究从理论上借鉴了社会建构主义者对种族和民族的观点,以及对体育相关融合的批判性见解。利用反射性主题分析,我提出了两个主题,重点是冬季运动参与和新人融入之间的关系,以及对未来冬季运动参与的考虑。研究结果表明,研究参与者体验了不同的项目结果,并从学习加拿大著名的冬季运动中获得了不同的意义。还发现了各种项目缺陷,这些缺陷削弱了WinSport新人项目的综合潜力。我承认该项目的不足,认为冬季运动入门项目对新移民融合的作用值得未来研究。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Review for the Sociology of Sport
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