Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.37745/bjmas.2022.0341
P Prakash, Shivanand S. Gornale, M. S. ShyamaSundar, Rashmi Siddalingappa
The National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) strives to uphold the quality of education by conducting transparent assessments and certifying Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Through the Assessment and Accreditation (A&A) process, educational institutions are rigorously evaluated to ensure their adherence to guidelines and requirements established by esteemed national bodies, like NAAC. These accreditation standards evolve to meet the diverse needs and capabilities of various stakeholders. This study delves into the functioning of NAAC and its pivotal role in the comprehensive evaluation of HEIs in India, fostering a robust educational landscape across the nation. Furthermore, it explores the evolution of the NAAC Grading System from 1995 to 2023 and analyzes the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the Self Study Report (SSR) as integral components of the A&A process for HEIs in India.
{"title":"The Role of the National Assessment and Accreditation Council in Ensuring Quality Education in the Indian Education System: An Analysis of Its Accreditation Standards and Grading Practices","authors":"P Prakash, Shivanand S. Gornale, M. S. ShyamaSundar, Rashmi Siddalingappa","doi":"10.37745/bjmas.2022.0341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0341","url":null,"abstract":"The National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) strives to uphold the quality of education by conducting transparent assessments and certifying Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Through the Assessment and Accreditation (A&A) process, educational institutions are rigorously evaluated to ensure their adherence to guidelines and requirements established by esteemed national bodies, like NAAC. These accreditation standards evolve to meet the diverse needs and capabilities of various stakeholders. This study delves into the functioning of NAAC and its pivotal role in the comprehensive evaluation of HEIs in India, fostering a robust educational landscape across the nation. Furthermore, it explores the evolution of the NAAC Grading System from 1995 to 2023 and analyzes the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the Self Study Report (SSR) as integral components of the A&A process for HEIs in India.","PeriodicalId":479838,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies","volume":" 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135292876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.37745/bjmas.2022.0343
Ben-Fred Ohia
Every literary writer belongs to a particular society; he writes to reflect the conditions of that society. Therefore, African literature captures the African temperament. This paper attempts an analysis of Ngugi Wa Thiong’o’s Weep Not Child. Colonisation turns people into objects in order for the colonialists to facilitate their manipulation and the handing over power to Africans with a hope that this group of Africans will change the cause of events. The inability of these leaders to perform to expectation leading to a period of transition from colonialism to neo-colonialism necessitated the protests in most African novels. This paper explores the African literature written from the African point of view. It explores what inspires the Africans to protest through their literary works. The origin and trends in African literature from the ancient to the stage of protest is also discussed. The paper uses the eco-criticism framework to focus on the protest element in Ngugi’s Weep Not Child. It exposes the forceful acquisition and abuse of power on the social and political life of the entire citizens. It looks at Ngotho who protests against the inhumanisation and exploitation from the white counterpart, turning them into slaves. It further examines the critical analysis of the novel, viewing the elements that make the novel a protest fiction. Finally, the paper pins down the work of this great African writer as a protest based on its contents.
每个文学作家都属于一个特定的社会;他写作是为了反映那个社会的状况。因此，非洲文学抓住了非洲气质。本文试图对Ngugi Wa Thiong 'o的《不要哭泣》进行分析。殖民主义把人变成了物品，以便殖民主义者便于操纵和把权力交给非洲人，希望这群非洲人能改变事件的起因。这些领导人的无能为力导致了从殖民主义到新殖民主义的过渡时期，这使得大多数非洲小说中的抗议成为必要。本文从非洲人的视角来探讨非洲文学。它探讨了是什么激发了非洲人通过他们的文学作品进行抗议。讨论了非洲文学从古代到抗议阶段的起源和发展趋势。本文运用生态批评的框架，对《不要哭泣》中的抗议元素进行分析。它揭露了对全体公民的社会和政治生活的强力获取和滥用权力。影片讲述了恩戈托抗议白人的非人化和剥削，把他们变成了奴隶。它进一步考察了小说的批判性分析，观察使小说成为一部抗议小说的元素。最后，本文根据其内容，将这位伟大的非洲作家的作品定位为一种抗议。
{"title":"African Literature and The Protest Novel: Neo-Nationalism in Ngugi Wa Thiong’o’s Weep Not Child","authors":"Ben-Fred Ohia","doi":"10.37745/bjmas.2022.0343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0343","url":null,"abstract":"Every literary writer belongs to a particular society; he writes to reflect the conditions of that society. Therefore, African literature captures the African temperament. This paper attempts an analysis of Ngugi Wa Thiong’o’s Weep Not Child. Colonisation turns people into objects in order for the colonialists to facilitate their manipulation and the handing over power to Africans with a hope that this group of Africans will change the cause of events. The inability of these leaders to perform to expectation leading to a period of transition from colonialism to neo-colonialism necessitated the protests in most African novels. This paper explores the African literature written from the African point of view. It explores what inspires the Africans to protest through their literary works. The origin and trends in African literature from the ancient to the stage of protest is also discussed. The paper uses the eco-criticism framework to focus on the protest element in Ngugi’s Weep Not Child. It exposes the forceful acquisition and abuse of power on the social and political life of the entire citizens. It looks at Ngotho who protests against the inhumanisation and exploitation from the white counterpart, turning them into slaves. It further examines the critical analysis of the novel, viewing the elements that make the novel a protest fiction. Finally, the paper pins down the work of this great African writer as a protest based on its contents.","PeriodicalId":479838,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies","volume":" 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135292877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study examined the relationship between digital service marketing and sales performance of selected small enterprises in Uyo. The researchers adopted a survey research design in which primary data were obtained through questionnaire administration. The population of the study consisted of 200 small enterprises in Uyo, covering different sectors such as education, fashion, ICT, cosmetic, artisan, logistic, courier, and transportation. The sample size for the study was 133. The researchers employed tables and simple percentage method to analyse the research questions. However, Regression technique and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to test the hypothesis. The finding was that there is a significant relationship between digital service marketing and sales performance of selected small enterprises in Uyo. It was found that digital service marketing has influenced sales performance of selected small enterprises in Uyo positively and significantly. Recommendations were that there is need for provision of improved education on digital service marketing by small enterprises in Uyo. In order to improve sales performance of small enterprises in Uyo, there is need for all entrepreneurs to take advantage of more than one of the digital tools as part of service marketing strategies. The influence of digital service marketing on various sales levels should be monitored for appropriate policy drive towards ensuring sustainable success of small enterprises in Uyo among others.
{"title":"Digital Service Marketing and Sales Performance of Selected Small Enterprises in Uyo","authors":"Ekemini Iniobong Nseyo, Kingsley Effiong Essiet, Mmenyene-Abasi Sunday Effiong","doi":"10.37745/bjmas.2022.0340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0340","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the relationship between digital service marketing and sales performance of selected small enterprises in Uyo. The researchers adopted a survey research design in which primary data were obtained through questionnaire administration. The population of the study consisted of 200 small enterprises in Uyo, covering different sectors such as education, fashion, ICT, cosmetic, artisan, logistic, courier, and transportation. The sample size for the study was 133. The researchers employed tables and simple percentage method to analyse the research questions. However, Regression technique and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to test the hypothesis. The finding was that there is a significant relationship between digital service marketing and sales performance of selected small enterprises in Uyo. It was found that digital service marketing has influenced sales performance of selected small enterprises in Uyo positively and significantly. Recommendations were that there is need for provision of improved education on digital service marketing by small enterprises in Uyo. In order to improve sales performance of small enterprises in Uyo, there is need for all entrepreneurs to take advantage of more than one of the digital tools as part of service marketing strategies. The influence of digital service marketing on various sales levels should be monitored for appropriate policy drive towards ensuring sustainable success of small enterprises in Uyo among others.","PeriodicalId":479838,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies","volume":" 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135292878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.37745/bjmas.2022.0342
Tajuddeen Mohammed, Zuhairu Ado, Aminu Haruna Ibrahim
This study examined the Influence of learning environment, and teacher’s skill on students’ academic achievement among senior secondary school students in Jigawa State Nigeria. Using Ex-post facto design. Three objectives and three null hypotheses were formulated and tested. the population of the study consist of 28202 S.S.S. 1 students and 477 teachers out of which 381students and 217 teachers were randomly selected as sample for the study in Nine senior secondary schools in Jigawa state.Two instruments will be adapted and used in this research: Students learning environment inventory, (SLEI) and Teachers skills inventory (TSI)).All the two instruments have construct validity and reliability of internal consistency with alpha coefficients of 0.72 for SLEI and 0.84 for TSI respectively. While Average scores for qualifying examination in English and mathematics 2021/2022 is to be used as students’ academic achievement (SAA).PPMC and T-Test will be used for data analysis with the aid of SPSS 2006 version. Data collected for the study will be statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics of x and S.D as well as t-test for independent samples, all hypotheses will be tested at 0.05 level of significance, The Findings of the study revealed that, there is significant differences in students’ academic achievement on the basis of conducive or un conducive learning environment among senior secondary school students, significant differences is found between academic achievement of senior secondary school students taught by teachers with different teaching skills in Jigawa state Recommendations will be made at the end of the study
{"title":"Influence of Learning Environment and Teachers Skills On Academic Achievement Among Senior Secondary Schools Students in Jigawa State Nigeria","authors":"Tajuddeen Mohammed, Zuhairu Ado, Aminu Haruna Ibrahim","doi":"10.37745/bjmas.2022.0342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0342","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the Influence of learning environment, and teacher’s skill on students’ academic achievement among senior secondary school students in Jigawa State Nigeria. Using Ex-post facto design. Three objectives and three null hypotheses were formulated and tested. the population of the study consist of 28202 S.S.S. 1 students and 477 teachers out of which 381students and 217 teachers were randomly selected as sample for the study in Nine senior secondary schools in Jigawa state.Two instruments will be adapted and used in this research: Students learning environment inventory, (SLEI) and Teachers skills inventory (TSI)).All the two instruments have construct validity and reliability of internal consistency with alpha coefficients of 0.72 for SLEI and 0.84 for TSI respectively. While Average scores for qualifying examination in English and mathematics 2021/2022 is to be used as students’ academic achievement (SAA).PPMC and T-Test will be used for data analysis with the aid of SPSS 2006 version. Data collected for the study will be statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics of x and S.D as well as t-test for independent samples, all hypotheses will be tested at 0.05 level of significance, The Findings of the study revealed that, there is significant differences in students’ academic achievement on the basis of conducive or un conducive learning environment among senior secondary school students, significant differences is found between academic achievement of senior secondary school students taught by teachers with different teaching skills in Jigawa state Recommendations will be made at the end of the study","PeriodicalId":479838,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies","volume":" 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135292879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.37745/bjmas.2022.0338
Margaret Nambao, David Sani Mwanza
The purpose of the study was to establish the teachers’ views on teaching oral reading fluency in grade 5. The research objective was ‘What are the teachers’ views on teaching oral reading fluency in grade 5?’ A phenomenological research design was used in this study because the research question called for interaction with the participants in their environment. The study sampled six schools, two schools each from Kitwe, Lusaka, and Livingstone towns of Zambia. From these schools, 12 grade 5 teachers were purposively sampled in the study. In this study, grade 5 teachers who were teaching language were interviewed in the selected primary schools in Zambia. The study found that teachers held a view that Oral Reading Fluency (ORF) is a skill that can only be taught in lower primary grades (1-4) and not in upper primary grades (5-6). Teachers have the content knowledge of ORF but lack the pedagogical knowledge to teach fluency to Grade 5 learners. Teachers acknowledge the importance of ORF but deny its power on struggling learners in Grade 5 classrooms. Therefore, non-teaching of oral reading fluency in Grade 5 might be an explanation to why learners still face challenges comprehending what they read in the Zambian primary schools. It was then recommended that teachers should ensure they teach ORF to enable learners to become fluent in reading whilst in primary schools.
{"title":"Teachers’ Views on Teaching Oral Reading Fluency (ORF) in Grade 5 Classrooms in Zambia","authors":"Margaret Nambao, David Sani Mwanza","doi":"10.37745/bjmas.2022.0338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0338","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to establish the teachers’ views on teaching oral reading fluency in grade 5. The research objective was ‘What are the teachers’ views on teaching oral reading fluency in grade 5?’ A phenomenological research design was used in this study because the research question called for interaction with the participants in their environment. The study sampled six schools, two schools each from Kitwe, Lusaka, and Livingstone towns of Zambia. From these schools, 12 grade 5 teachers were purposively sampled in the study. In this study, grade 5 teachers who were teaching language were interviewed in the selected primary schools in Zambia. The study found that teachers held a view that Oral Reading Fluency (ORF) is a skill that can only be taught in lower primary grades (1-4) and not in upper primary grades (5-6). Teachers have the content knowledge of ORF but lack the pedagogical knowledge to teach fluency to Grade 5 learners. Teachers acknowledge the importance of ORF but deny its power on struggling learners in Grade 5 classrooms. Therefore, non-teaching of oral reading fluency in Grade 5 might be an explanation to why learners still face challenges comprehending what they read in the Zambian primary schools. It was then recommended that teachers should ensure they teach ORF to enable learners to become fluent in reading whilst in primary schools. 
","PeriodicalId":479838,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies","volume":"51 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135978952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.37745/bjmas.2022.0339
Xiong Wei
In order to understand the effect of moisture content on the dynamic characteristics of rubber-sand particles (Rubber-Soil Mixture, RSM), a dynamic triaxial test was carried out. Before the test, the rubber particles and sand were mixed according to the rubber volume ratio of 0%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, and the water content was 0%, 5%, and 10%. The confining pressure control of the triaxial test is 50, 100, 200, a total of 63 groups of tests. In the test, the effects of dynamic triaxial confining pressure, rubber particle content and moisture content on RSM were investigated respectively. The test results show that: (1) under the same rubber particle content, the dynamic shear modulus of the RSM sample increases with the increase of the confining pressure; (2) with the increase of the rubber particle content, the dynamic shear modulus of the RSM sample increases. The shear modulus decreased significantly; (3) The change of water content did not cause significant changes in the dynamic shear modulus of RSM samples. The test results can be used as a reference for the engineering application of RSM seismic isolation technology in the future.
{"title":"Dynamic triaxial test research on the effect of water content on the dynamic characteristics of rubber-sand particles","authors":"Xiong Wei","doi":"10.37745/bjmas.2022.0339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0339","url":null,"abstract":"In order to understand the effect of moisture content on the dynamic characteristics of rubber-sand particles (Rubber-Soil Mixture, RSM), a dynamic triaxial test was carried out. Before the test, the rubber particles and sand were mixed according to the rubber volume ratio of 0%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, and the water content was 0%, 5%, and 10%. The confining pressure control of the triaxial test is 50, 100, 200, a total of 63 groups of tests. In the test, the effects of dynamic triaxial confining pressure, rubber particle content and moisture content on RSM were investigated respectively. The test results show that: (1) under the same rubber particle content, the dynamic shear modulus of the RSM sample increases with the increase of the confining pressure; (2) with the increase of the rubber particle content, the dynamic shear modulus of the RSM sample increases. The shear modulus decreased significantly; (3) The change of water content did not cause significant changes in the dynamic shear modulus of RSM samples. The test results can be used as a reference for the engineering application of RSM seismic isolation technology in the future.
","PeriodicalId":479838,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies","volume":"25 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135978951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-22DOI: 10.37745/bjmas.2022.0330
Esan Sanchez Palasan, Raquel J. Dael
A good and conducive learning environment coupled with supportive teachers enhances students’ academic performance. The influence of students' assessments in learning spaces, teacher support levels on their academic performance in TLE during modular distance modality was investigated in this study. A concurrent-nested mixed methods design was used to confirm, cross-validate, or corroborate findings within a study. A total of ninety-four participants participated in the study to respond to the questionnaire. Six groups with ten members joined in a focus group discussion (FGD) in the qualitative analysis part to describe their experiences in their learning spaces and teachers' support in the modular learning modality. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, means, percentages, and standard deviation were used to determine the students' learning spaces and the level of teacher support. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the influence of learning spaces and teacher support on students' academic performance. Furthermore, four themes emerged from the qualitative analysis part of the study, namely: Conducive Environment; Enabling resources; Motivating and Making a follow up with students; and Providing clear instruction and explanation. The study recommends further empirical investigation on the challenges of the students during modular learning.
{"title":"Learning Spaces and Teacher’s Support: Implications to Students' Academic Performance in The TLE Subject During Modular Learning Modality","authors":"Esan Sanchez Palasan, Raquel J. Dael","doi":"10.37745/bjmas.2022.0330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0330","url":null,"abstract":"A good and conducive learning environment coupled with supportive teachers enhances students’ academic performance. The influence of students' assessments in learning spaces, teacher support levels on their academic performance in TLE during modular distance modality was investigated in this study. A concurrent-nested mixed methods design was used to confirm, cross-validate, or corroborate findings within a study. A total of ninety-four participants participated in the study to respond to the questionnaire. Six groups with ten members joined in a focus group discussion (FGD) in the qualitative analysis part to describe their experiences in their learning spaces and teachers' support in the modular learning modality. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, means, percentages, and standard deviation were used to determine the students' learning spaces and the level of teacher support. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the influence of learning spaces and teacher support on students' academic performance. Furthermore, four themes emerged from the qualitative analysis part of the study, namely: Conducive Environment; Enabling resources; Motivating and Making a follow up with students; and Providing clear instruction and explanation. The study recommends further empirical investigation on the challenges of the students during modular learning.","PeriodicalId":479838,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies","volume":"31 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135462753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The most typical cause of shoulder or sub acromial pain was impingement syndrome. Between 6.7 and 66.7% of people reported having shoulder pain at some point in their lives, and this frequency increases with age, reaching its peak around 50. The most frequent causes of shoulder pain were rotator cuff disease and adhesive capsulitis, both of which may present with the same signs but differ in the results and consequences of particular therapeutic approaches. Various therapies, such as joint mobilization and therapeutic exercises targeted at particular shoulder tissues, were employed in current practice to treat shoulder pain, but their efficacy was limited.The Mayo hospital in Lahore's OPD physiotherapy department hosted this blinded, controlled trial. In this study, two groups of 40 participants were randomly chosen. Static conservative exercise treatment was used to treat the subjects in Group A. The individuals in Group B received Maitland Thoracic Manipulation as part of a conservative exercise therapy regimen. Each patient signed a Performa, and informed consent was obtained from them all. The Neer Impingement test and a self-made and peer-reviewed questionnaire were both utilized to collect data and determine the prevalence of shoulder impingement syndrome.The findings of this study demonstrated that Maitland manipulation was more successful for treating Shoulder Impingement syndrome than conservative therapy alone.Impingement syndrome was the most common cause of shoulder or sub acromial pain. The incidence of shoulder pain was ranging from 6.7 to 66.7% which increase in frequency as age progresses, peaking at 50 years of age. Rotator cuff pathology and adhesive capsulitis were the most common causes of shoulder pain, may exhibit same findings but with variety of outcomes and effects to specific treatment strategies. In current practice, different interventions were used for treating shoulder pain, such as joint mobilization and therapeutic exercises, directed at specific tissues of the shoulder, but the effectiveness of these treatment options were limited.According to the study, conservative physical therapy combined with Maitland Mobilization and Manipulation is more effective at treating shoulder impingement discomfort and produces greater results than conservative physical therapy alone.
{"title":"Comparison of Conventional Physical Therapy with and Without Maitland Thoracic Manipulation in Shoulder Impingement Syndrome Patients. A Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)","authors":"Baria Rizwan, Sajeel Ahmed, Tayyaba Mustafa Mian, Kanza Neil, Kiran Safdar, Hasha Asghar, Fatima Akmal, Aiza Noor, Sania Maqbool","doi":"10.37745/bjmas.2022.0337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0337","url":null,"abstract":"The most typical cause of shoulder or sub acromial pain was impingement syndrome. Between 6.7 and 66.7% of people reported having shoulder pain at some point in their lives, and this frequency increases with age, reaching its peak around 50. The most frequent causes of shoulder pain were rotator cuff disease and adhesive capsulitis, both of which may present with the same signs but differ in the results and consequences of particular therapeutic approaches. Various therapies, such as joint mobilization and therapeutic exercises targeted at particular shoulder tissues, were employed in current practice to treat shoulder pain, but their efficacy was limited.The Mayo hospital in Lahore's OPD physiotherapy department hosted this blinded, controlled trial. In this study, two groups of 40 participants were randomly chosen. Static conservative exercise treatment was used to treat the subjects in Group A. The individuals in Group B received Maitland Thoracic Manipulation as part of a conservative exercise therapy regimen. Each patient signed a Performa, and informed consent was obtained from them all. The Neer Impingement test and a self-made and peer-reviewed questionnaire were both utilized to collect data and determine the prevalence of shoulder impingement syndrome.The findings of this study demonstrated that Maitland manipulation was more successful for treating Shoulder Impingement syndrome than conservative therapy alone.Impingement syndrome was the most common cause of shoulder or sub acromial pain. The incidence of shoulder pain was ranging from 6.7 to 66.7% which increase in frequency as age progresses, peaking at 50 years of age. Rotator cuff pathology and adhesive capsulitis were the most common causes of shoulder pain, may exhibit same findings but with variety of outcomes and effects to specific treatment strategies. In current practice, different interventions were used for treating shoulder pain, such as joint mobilization and therapeutic exercises, directed at specific tissues of the shoulder, but the effectiveness of these treatment options were limited.According to the study, conservative physical therapy combined with Maitland Mobilization and Manipulation is more effective at treating shoulder impingement discomfort and produces greater results than conservative physical therapy alone.","PeriodicalId":479838,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies","volume":"7 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135462749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-22DOI: 10.37745/bjmas.2022.0336
Feleke Eriso
The types of classification of viruses available in literature include ICTV Classification, Holmes Classification, LHT System of Virus Classification, Casjens & Kings Classification of Virus, and Baltimore Classification of Virus. Out of the aforementioned schemes of classification Baltimore classification of viruses which classified viruses into seven groups was found to be more pragmatic than others being free from bewildering events. Baltimore classification of viruses placed mRNA in the center, and described the obligatory pathways to mRNA from DNA or RNA Genomes. It is an obligatory relationship between the viral Genome & its mRNA. The key objective of this study is to forward a pragmatically consistent and persuasive scheme for the classification of viruses where the Genome is the unit of both structure & function of every individual of viruses and of all other genomic-things.
{"title":"Genome and classification of viruses","authors":"Feleke Eriso","doi":"10.37745/bjmas.2022.0336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0336","url":null,"abstract":"The types of classification of viruses available in literature include ICTV Classification, Holmes Classification, LHT System of Virus Classification, Casjens & Kings Classification of Virus, and Baltimore Classification of Virus. Out of the aforementioned schemes of classification Baltimore classification of viruses which classified viruses into seven groups was found to be more pragmatic than others being free from bewildering events. Baltimore classification of viruses placed mRNA in the center, and described the obligatory pathways to mRNA from DNA or RNA Genomes. It is an obligatory relationship between the viral Genome & its mRNA. The key objective of this study is to forward a pragmatically consistent and persuasive scheme for the classification of viruses where the Genome is the unit of both structure & function of every individual of viruses and of all other genomic-things.","PeriodicalId":479838,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies","volume":"25 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135462751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-22DOI: 10.37745/bjmas.2022.0334
Judy M. Saligumba Maed, Kriscentti Exzur P. Barcelona
The relationship between code-switching, attitude towards English, and students’ academic performance is complex and context-dependent. To address this, the current study employed a concurrent nested mixed-method approach and investigated the relationship between Grade 10 students' attitudes towards the English language, frequency of code-switching, and academic performance. Sixty students participated in the quantitative portion, and five students took part in a focus group discussion for the qualitative portion. Data were collected using an adapted version of Bernice Anoykes’ questionnaire on Attitudes and Motivation and were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The qualitative responses of the participants were analyzed and organized into categories and themes. Results showed that the students had a moderately favorable attitude towards the English language, a high frequency of code-switching, and were approaching a proficient level in their English academic performance. The study also found that attitudes towards English and the frequency of code-switching significantly influenced their academic performance in English. Remarkably, the participants perceived their attitude towards the English language as a hindrance to learning, expressing apprehension about potential embarrassment and language anxiety. Conversely, they also regarded it as an avenue for career advancement, recognizing its potential for employment opportunities, access to knowledge, and the development of academic literacy. These findings offer important information for teachers and language learners, emphasizing the impact of attitudes towards the English and code-switching on academic achievement. The study suggests that educators promote positive attitudes, authentic language practice, and targeted instruction to enhance language learners’ proficiency and academic success in English.
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