The coastal area that borders Bangladesh is extremely vulnerable to natural disasters like tropical cyclones, which cause the majority of the damage and fatalities related to flooding. This study attempts to evaluate the susceptibility of coastal flooding induced by tropical cyclones in the South-Western coastal region of Bangladesh. It also identifies the relationship between the influencing factors and respondents' perceptions of risk in terms of socio-economic characteristics. Data was gathered by using a standardized interview schedule from coastal households of three districts named as South Khali (Bagerhat), Padma Pukur (Satkhira), and Rangopaldi (Patuakhali). The survey was taken through interview to assemble information on risk perception, also explores the impact of flood risk on agriculture, environment and livelihood sectors to describe the most specific vulnerable one of different regions that provides a robust insight of affected residents. Moreover, twenty-one predominant factors in terms of three components reveal a strong relationship with severity to flood risk. Results also indicate that, vulnerability indexes differ significantly (p value < 0.05) in the study areas (vulnerability index = 0.54 in South Khali, 0.77 in Padma Pukur, and 0.74 in Rangopaldi). In addition, disaster vulnerability index differs with different socio-economic and geographical factors which enhance the negative effect of flood for the coastal community. The study also reveals that, the selected area had no adequate dam and embankment, cyclone shelter as well as material support from the government and non-government organization which makes their life risky to flood. The research recommends that, generating different livelihood options, self-organization by different disaster preparedness training program to enhance their resilience, indigenous and disaster risk reduction strategies, build more coastal flood shelters and restore people’s livelihoods by supplying agricultural seeds, livestock, poultry etc. significantly minimize the vulnerability of the affected community.
{"title":"Risk Perceptions and Vulnerability Assessment: Induced from Tropical Cyclone in the Southern Part of Coastal Bangladesh","authors":"Sanjida Akter, Md. Tauhid Hossain, Naiem Sheikh, Fahim Redwan, Md. Masum Billah, Shahjahan Sheikh, Md. Habibur Rahman, Kamrun Nahar, Ayesha Siddequa, Most. Nusrat Binte Nur","doi":"10.55706/jae1707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1707","url":null,"abstract":"The coastal area that borders Bangladesh is extremely vulnerable to natural disasters like tropical cyclones, which cause the majority of the damage and fatalities related to flooding. This study attempts to evaluate the susceptibility of coastal flooding induced by tropical cyclones in the South-Western coastal region of Bangladesh. It also identifies the relationship between the influencing factors and respondents' perceptions of risk in terms of socio-economic characteristics. Data was gathered by using a standardized interview schedule from coastal households of three districts named as South Khali (Bagerhat), Padma Pukur (Satkhira), and Rangopaldi (Patuakhali). The survey was taken through interview to assemble information on risk perception, also explores the impact of flood risk on agriculture, environment and livelihood sectors to describe the most specific vulnerable one of different regions that provides a robust insight of affected residents. Moreover, twenty-one predominant factors in terms of three components reveal a strong relationship with severity to flood risk. Results also indicate that, vulnerability indexes differ significantly (p value < 0.05) in the study areas (vulnerability index = 0.54 in South Khali, 0.77 in Padma Pukur, and 0.74 in Rangopaldi). In addition, disaster vulnerability index differs with different socio-economic and geographical factors which enhance the negative effect of flood for the coastal community. The study also reveals that, the selected area had no adequate dam and embankment, cyclone shelter as well as material support from the government and non-government organization which makes their life risky to flood. The research recommends that, generating different livelihood options, self-organization by different disaster preparedness training program to enhance their resilience, indigenous and disaster risk reduction strategies, build more coastal flood shelters and restore people’s livelihoods by supplying agricultural seeds, livestock, poultry etc. significantly minimize the vulnerability of the affected community.","PeriodicalId":479858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":" 383","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141364484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the modern era, industrialization in developing countries like Bangladesh has significantly polluted groundwater systems. Tannery industry effluent is a major source of water pollution. This study focuses on removing heavy metals, specifically lead, and reducing key physicochemical parameters including pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) from tannery wastewater utilizing the phytoremediation potential of Vetiveria zizanioides. The experiment was conducted by hydroponic technique, evaluating the effects of treatment time. Results showed significant pollutant removal efficiencies after 45 days of treatment were pH (24.82%), EC (36.74%), BOD5 (87.07%), COD (84.89%), TSS (84.02%), TDS (73.39%), and Lead (66.13%). Vetiver revealed strong growth and a 95% survival rate. Post-treatment pollutant levels were found to be in compliance with WHO standards, suggesting that vetiver hydroponic bioremediation is a sustainable and environmentally friendly method that presents a viable option for treating wastewater in developing countries like Bangladesh.
{"title":"Bioremediation of Industrial Wastewater Using Hydroponics Planted with Vetiver","authors":"Ismot Zereen, Md. Shahed Hossain, Md. Mohimenul Islam, Asmaul Husna","doi":"10.55706/jae1706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1706","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern era, industrialization in developing countries like Bangladesh has significantly polluted groundwater systems. Tannery industry effluent is a major source of water pollution. This study focuses on removing heavy metals, specifically lead, and reducing key physicochemical parameters including pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) from tannery wastewater utilizing the phytoremediation potential of Vetiveria zizanioides. The experiment was conducted by hydroponic technique, evaluating the effects of treatment time. Results showed significant pollutant removal efficiencies after 45 days of treatment were pH (24.82%), EC (36.74%), BOD5 (87.07%), COD (84.89%), TSS (84.02%), TDS (73.39%), and Lead (66.13%). Vetiver revealed strong growth and a 95% survival rate. Post-treatment pollutant levels were found to be in compliance with WHO standards, suggesting that vetiver hydroponic bioremediation is a sustainable and environmentally friendly method that presents a viable option for treating wastewater in developing countries like Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":479858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"189 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Doldoli Tea Garden is situated in Sylhet Sadar Upazila of the Sylhet district and is one of the 163 tea gardens in Bangladesh. The purpose of the study was to investigate the livelihood status of tea workers at Doldoli. A field survey was conducted and 60 tea workers were chosen randomly. The study revealed almost half of the workers had no formal education (48.3% %). Regarding monthly income, 55% of workers earn only 4500-5500 Taka. Most of the workers gave positive attitudes toward getting living facilities like electricity, sanitation, medical care, and hygiene maintenance. Though most workers have job security they don’t have bank deposits (80%). A low percentage (only 40%) of workers know human rights. Maximum workers (70%) agreed that trade union is not playing their role properly. About 86.7% of the workers have no inclusion in politics. Homestead practices and livestock farming are done by workers for both family and selling purposes but to a lesser extent. The study revealed that low wages are the main problem of the workers (30% agreed) and the possible solution given by most of the workers was increasing the wages which was 36%. For elevating socioeconomic standards, tea garden workers’ daily wages should be prioritized appropriately. The study's findings can assist in understanding and improving the livelihood of the Doldoli tea workers through policy recommendations for government and stakeholders, and approaches aimed at promoting labor rights, education, health, and overall well-being.
{"title":"An Investigation on Livelihood Status of Tea Workers at Doldoli Tea Garden, Sylhet","authors":"Nura Afrin Kuasha, Mahid Sarkar, Tanmoy Das","doi":"10.55706/jae1703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1703","url":null,"abstract":"Doldoli Tea Garden is situated in Sylhet Sadar Upazila of the Sylhet district and is one of the 163 tea gardens in Bangladesh. The purpose of the study was to investigate the livelihood status of tea workers at Doldoli. A field survey was conducted and 60 tea workers were chosen randomly. The study revealed almost half of the workers had no formal education (48.3% %). Regarding monthly income, 55% of workers earn only 4500-5500 Taka. Most of the workers gave positive attitudes toward getting living facilities like electricity, sanitation, medical care, and hygiene maintenance. Though most workers have job security they don’t have bank deposits (80%). A low percentage (only 40%) of workers know human rights. Maximum workers (70%) agreed that trade union is not playing their role properly. About 86.7% of the workers have no inclusion in politics. Homestead practices and livestock farming are done by workers for both family and selling purposes but to a lesser extent. The study revealed that low wages are the main problem of the workers (30% agreed) and the possible solution given by most of the workers was increasing the wages which was 36%. For elevating socioeconomic standards, tea garden workers’ daily wages should be prioritized appropriately. The study's findings can assist in understanding and improving the livelihood of the Doldoli tea workers through policy recommendations for government and stakeholders, and approaches aimed at promoting labor rights, education, health, and overall well-being.","PeriodicalId":479858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"104 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141124729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Land is the free gift of nature to man for the sustenance of life and sustainable use of land resources is an inevitable choice for sustainable development. Maintaining productive land and healthy soils to ensure food security, sustainable development and restoration of degraded land is essential for the future of mankind. Small-scale farming does not require a large amount of land and this aspect enables the development of various crops and livestock in the neighbourhood. In the present study, Nalbari district of Assam, India has been taken and most of the inhabitants of case study villages in Nalbari district make their income from small-scale farming. Diversified uses of available land is one of the significant strategy adopted by households to remain sustained in their natural and human environment in the district. The sustainable use of land resource in the study area is based on indigenous knowledge systems. To compare various indicators generated from the primary survey of this study, standardization is required and Z-transformation method is used for standardizing indicators. Level of economic sustainability is high in Paramankhow, Mohina village (0.1 and above), medium in Haribhanga, Sataibari, No.1 larkuchi village (-0.25 to 0.1) and low in Tilana, Deharkatara, Paila, kachimpur, Suplekuchi, Sandheli, Barajal, Uttarkuchi, Barkuriha, Bajaliudaypur, Kalardia, Loharkatha, Chamata, Mohkhuli, Dahudi village (Less than -0.25). Based on composite Z score value, level of environmental sustainability is not high in the case study villages in Nalbari district. The type of soils and abundant rainfall are blessing for the commercial cultivation of different subtropical fruit crops such as Banana, Assam lemon, Mandarin orange, Coconut, Areca nut, Jackfruit, Papaya, Litchi, along with spice crops like Ginger, Turmeric, Chilli, Black pepper etc. in the district. The agriculture in entire district is organic by default, due to low use of agro chemicals in field and horticultural crops.
土地是大自然无偿赐予人类的生命养料，可持续利用土地资源是可持续发展的必然选择。保持富饶的土地和健康的土壤，以确保粮食安全、可持续发展和退化土地的恢复，对人类的未来至关重要。小规模耕作不需要大量土地，这使附近地区能够发展各种作物和牲畜。本研究以印度阿萨姆邦纳尔巴里地区为对象，纳尔巴里地区案例研究村庄的大多数居民都以小规模耕作为生。对现有土地的多样化利用是该地区家庭为维持其自然和人文环境而采取的重要策略之一。研究地区土地资源的可持续利用以本土知识体系为基础。为了比较本研究的初步调查所产生的各种指标，需要对指标进行标准化，并采用 Z 变换法对指标进行标准化。帕拉曼考、莫希纳村的经济可持续性水平较高（0.1 及以上），哈里班加、萨泰巴里、第 1larkuchi 村为中等水平（-0.25 至 0.1），Tilana、Deharkatara、Paila、kachimpur、Suplekuchi、Sandheli、Barajal、Uttarkuchi、Barkuriha、Bajaliudaypur、Kalardia、Loharkatha、Chamata、Mohkhuli、Dahudi 村为低水平（低于-0.25）。从综合 Z 值来看，纳尔巴里地区案例研究村庄的环境可持续性水平不高。该地区的土壤类型和充沛的降雨量有利于香蕉、阿萨姆柠檬、柑橘、椰子、阿瑞卡坚果、菠萝、木瓜、荔枝等亚热带水果作物以及生姜、姜黄、辣椒、黑胡椒等香料作物的商业化种植。由于田间和园艺作物很少使用农用化学品，因此整个地区的农业都是有机农业。
{"title":"Small Scale Subsistence Farming in Nalbari District of Assam, India and the Scope of Sustainable Development of the Households","authors":"Binita Devi, M. G. Singha","doi":"10.55706/jae1642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1642","url":null,"abstract":"Land is the free gift of nature to man for the sustenance of life and sustainable use of land resources is an inevitable choice for sustainable development. Maintaining productive land and healthy soils to ensure food security, sustainable development and restoration of degraded land is essential for the future of mankind. Small-scale farming does not require a large amount of land and this aspect enables the development of various crops and livestock in the neighbourhood. In the present study, Nalbari district of Assam, India has been taken and most of the inhabitants of case study villages in Nalbari district make their income from small-scale farming. Diversified uses of available land is one of the significant strategy adopted by households to remain sustained in their natural and human environment in the district. The sustainable use of land resource in the study area is based on indigenous knowledge systems. To compare various indicators generated from the primary survey of this study, standardization is required and Z-transformation method is used for standardizing indicators. Level of economic sustainability is high in Paramankhow, Mohina village (0.1 and above), medium in Haribhanga, Sataibari, No.1 larkuchi village (-0.25 to 0.1) and low in Tilana, Deharkatara, Paila, kachimpur, Suplekuchi, Sandheli, Barajal, Uttarkuchi, Barkuriha, Bajaliudaypur, Kalardia, Loharkatha, Chamata, Mohkhuli, Dahudi village (Less than -0.25). Based on composite Z score value, level of environmental sustainability is not high in the case study villages in Nalbari district. The type of soils and abundant rainfall are blessing for the commercial cultivation of different subtropical fruit crops such as Banana, Assam lemon, Mandarin orange, Coconut, Areca nut, Jackfruit, Papaya, Litchi, along with spice crops like Ginger, Turmeric, Chilli, Black pepper etc. in the district. The agriculture in entire district is organic by default, due to low use of agro chemicals in field and horticultural crops.","PeriodicalId":479858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"131 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140078848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afrina Kader Keya, Md. Liton Mia, S. K. Talukder, Md. Jahid Hasan Jone, Fauzia Akter Neshe, Md. Saidur Rahman, Ahmed Khairul Hasan, Md. Shafiqul Islam
Bangladesh has to import a significant quantity of mustard seeds to meet its growing demand due to the seeds' high oil content and the oilcake, which is rich in protein and used as animal feed. The impact of zinc and boron on mustard (cv. BARI sarisha-14) output was investigated in a field experiment that was carried out at Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, from October 2017 to March 2018. There are five levels of zinc (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 kilograms per hectare) and boron (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 kilogram per hectare) in this experiment. Three replications of the experiment, each with a plot size of three meters by two meters, were set up using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD Height of the plant, number of branches per plant, total number of pods per plant, number of effective pods per plant, number of ineffective pods per plant, length of pod (cm), number of seeds per pod, weight of 1000 grains, seed yield, Stover yield, biological yield, harvest index and controlled treatment performed the lowest for these attributes were found when 2.5 kilogram per hectare of zinc were given. The treatment of 1.5 kilogram per hectare boron produced the highest plant height, number of branches per plant, total number of pods, number of effective pods per plant, number of non-effective pods per plant, length of pod (cm), number of seeds per pod, weight of 1000 grains, seed yield, stover yield, biological yield, and harvest index, while the controlled treatment produced the lowest performance. It is noticeable from the growth, yield, post-harvest procedures, and analytical results that the Zn 2.5 kilogram per hectare and B 1 kilogram per hectare combinations were appropriate for mustard farming
{"title":"Effect of Boron and Zinc Fertilization on Yield of Mustard (cv. BARI sarisha-14)","authors":"Afrina Kader Keya, Md. Liton Mia, S. K. Talukder, Md. Jahid Hasan Jone, Fauzia Akter Neshe, Md. Saidur Rahman, Ahmed Khairul Hasan, Md. Shafiqul Islam","doi":"10.55706/jae1638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1638","url":null,"abstract":"Bangladesh has to import a significant quantity of mustard seeds to meet its growing demand due to the seeds' high oil content and the oilcake, which is rich in protein and used as animal feed. The impact of zinc and boron on mustard (cv. BARI sarisha-14) output was investigated in a field experiment that was carried out at Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, from October 2017 to March 2018. There are five levels of zinc (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 kilograms per hectare) and boron (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 kilogram per hectare) in this experiment. Three replications of the experiment, each with a plot size of three meters by two meters, were set up using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD Height of the plant, number of branches per plant, total number of pods per plant, number of effective pods per plant, number of ineffective pods per plant, length of pod (cm), number of seeds per pod, weight of 1000 grains, seed yield, Stover yield, biological yield, harvest index and controlled treatment performed the lowest for these attributes were found when 2.5 kilogram per hectare of zinc were given. The treatment of 1.5 kilogram per hectare boron produced the highest plant height, number of branches per plant, total number of pods, number of effective pods per plant, number of non-effective pods per plant, length of pod (cm), number of seeds per pod, weight of 1000 grains, seed yield, stover yield, biological yield, and harvest index, while the controlled treatment produced the lowest performance. It is noticeable from the growth, yield, post-harvest procedures, and analytical results that the Zn 2.5 kilogram per hectare and B 1 kilogram per hectare combinations were appropriate for mustard farming","PeriodicalId":479858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139793380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afrina Kader Keya, Md. Liton Mia, S. K. Talukder, Md. Jahid Hasan Jone, Fauzia Akter Neshe, Md. Saidur Rahman, Ahmed Khairul Hasan, Md. Shafiqul Islam
Bangladesh has to import a significant quantity of mustard seeds to meet its growing demand due to the seeds' high oil content and the oilcake, which is rich in protein and used as animal feed. The impact of zinc and boron on mustard (cv. BARI sarisha-14) output was investigated in a field experiment that was carried out at Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, from October 2017 to March 2018. There are five levels of zinc (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 kilograms per hectare) and boron (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 kilogram per hectare) in this experiment. Three replications of the experiment, each with a plot size of three meters by two meters, were set up using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD Height of the plant, number of branches per plant, total number of pods per plant, number of effective pods per plant, number of ineffective pods per plant, length of pod (cm), number of seeds per pod, weight of 1000 grains, seed yield, Stover yield, biological yield, harvest index and controlled treatment performed the lowest for these attributes were found when 2.5 kilogram per hectare of zinc were given. The treatment of 1.5 kilogram per hectare boron produced the highest plant height, number of branches per plant, total number of pods, number of effective pods per plant, number of non-effective pods per plant, length of pod (cm), number of seeds per pod, weight of 1000 grains, seed yield, stover yield, biological yield, and harvest index, while the controlled treatment produced the lowest performance. It is noticeable from the growth, yield, post-harvest procedures, and analytical results that the Zn 2.5 kilogram per hectare and B 1 kilogram per hectare combinations were appropriate for mustard farming
{"title":"Effect of Boron and Zinc Fertilization on Yield of Mustard (cv. BARI sarisha-14)","authors":"Afrina Kader Keya, Md. Liton Mia, S. K. Talukder, Md. Jahid Hasan Jone, Fauzia Akter Neshe, Md. Saidur Rahman, Ahmed Khairul Hasan, Md. Shafiqul Islam","doi":"10.55706/jae1638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1638","url":null,"abstract":"Bangladesh has to import a significant quantity of mustard seeds to meet its growing demand due to the seeds' high oil content and the oilcake, which is rich in protein and used as animal feed. The impact of zinc and boron on mustard (cv. BARI sarisha-14) output was investigated in a field experiment that was carried out at Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, from October 2017 to March 2018. There are five levels of zinc (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 kilograms per hectare) and boron (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 kilogram per hectare) in this experiment. Three replications of the experiment, each with a plot size of three meters by two meters, were set up using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD Height of the plant, number of branches per plant, total number of pods per plant, number of effective pods per plant, number of ineffective pods per plant, length of pod (cm), number of seeds per pod, weight of 1000 grains, seed yield, Stover yield, biological yield, harvest index and controlled treatment performed the lowest for these attributes were found when 2.5 kilogram per hectare of zinc were given. The treatment of 1.5 kilogram per hectare boron produced the highest plant height, number of branches per plant, total number of pods, number of effective pods per plant, number of non-effective pods per plant, length of pod (cm), number of seeds per pod, weight of 1000 grains, seed yield, stover yield, biological yield, and harvest index, while the controlled treatment produced the lowest performance. It is noticeable from the growth, yield, post-harvest procedures, and analytical results that the Zn 2.5 kilogram per hectare and B 1 kilogram per hectare combinations were appropriate for mustard farming","PeriodicalId":479858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139853304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. E. Hossain, M. H. Sumon, M. R. Islam, M. A. Haque, M. F. Iqbal
Salinity stress can negatively impact the growth and productivity of young wheat seedlings, leading to diminished grain yield and quality. Poor salinity management can cause soil sodicity in farming soils, where sodium (Na) binds to negatively charged clay, causing clay swelling and dispersal, subsequently decreasing the crop yield. Thus, the use of salinity tolerant varieties can be a plausible solution. This article investigates the effects of salinity stress on the germination and early seedling growth of 15 wheat genotypes in Bangladesh. The seeds were exposed to four levels of salinity (0, 6, 9, and 12 dS/m) and various germination parameters were measured, such as water imbibition, germination rate, seedling tissue water content, and seedling vigour index. The results showed significant differences among the genotypes and the salinity levels for all the parameters. BARI Gom 25 was found to be the most tolerant genotype, followed by BARI Gom 24, BARI Gom 29, and Binagom-1. The article also discussed the implications of these findings for saline soil remediation and wheat production in coastal areas of Bangladesh
盐分胁迫会对小麦幼苗的生长和产量产生负面影响，导致谷物产量和质量下降。盐度管理不善会导致农田土壤钠化，钠（Na）会与带负电荷的粘土结合，造成粘土膨胀和分散，从而降低作物产量。因此，使用耐盐碱品种是一个可行的解决方案。本文研究了盐胁迫对孟加拉国 15 个小麦基因型的发芽和幼苗生长的影响。将种子暴露在四种盐度（0、6、9 和 12 dS/m）下，测量了各种发芽参数，如浸水率、发芽率、幼苗组织含水量和幼苗活力指数。结果表明，不同基因型和不同盐度对所有参数都有显著差异。发现 BARI Gom 25 是最耐盐碱的基因型，其次是 BARI Gom 24、BARI Gom 29 和 Binagom-1。文章还讨论了这些发现对孟加拉国沿海地区盐碱土壤修复和小麦生产的影响。
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M. E. Hossain, M. H. Sumon, M. R. Islam, M. A. Haque, M. F. Iqbal
Salinity stress can negatively impact the growth and productivity of young wheat seedlings, leading to diminished grain yield and quality. Poor salinity management can cause soil sodicity in farming soils, where sodium (Na) binds to negatively charged clay, causing clay swelling and dispersal, subsequently decreasing the crop yield. Thus, the use of salinity tolerant varieties can be a plausible solution. This article investigates the effects of salinity stress on the germination and early seedling growth of 15 wheat genotypes in Bangladesh. The seeds were exposed to four levels of salinity (0, 6, 9, and 12 dS/m) and various germination parameters were measured, such as water imbibition, germination rate, seedling tissue water content, and seedling vigour index. The results showed significant differences among the genotypes and the salinity levels for all the parameters. BARI Gom 25 was found to be the most tolerant genotype, followed by BARI Gom 24, BARI Gom 29, and Binagom-1. The article also discussed the implications of these findings for saline soil remediation and wheat production in coastal areas of Bangladesh
盐分胁迫会对小麦幼苗的生长和产量产生负面影响，导致谷物产量和质量下降。盐度管理不善会导致农田土壤钠化，钠（Na）会与带负电荷的粘土结合，造成粘土膨胀和分散，从而降低作物产量。因此，使用耐盐碱品种是一个可行的解决方案。本文研究了盐胁迫对孟加拉国 15 个小麦基因型的发芽和幼苗生长的影响。将种子暴露在四种盐度（0、6、9 和 12 dS/m）下，测量了各种发芽参数，如浸水率、发芽率、幼苗组织含水量和幼苗活力指数。结果表明，不同基因型和不同盐度对所有参数都有显著差异。发现 BARI Gom 25 是最耐盐碱的基因型，其次是 BARI Gom 24、BARI Gom 29 和 Binagom-1。文章还讨论了这些发现对孟加拉国沿海地区盐碱土壤修复和小麦生产的影响。
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Muhammad Azizal Hoque, Md. Misbahul Hasan, Md. Abdul Baten, Md. Badiuzzaman Khan
Indoor air pollution is deemed one of the most severe environmental pollutions that occur mainly due to the inefficient and incomplete combustion of solid cooking fuels, which emits different types of particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10). Therefore, this study was organized in the hilly rural area of Sagordighi of Tangail district in Bangladesh to monitor the atmospheric particulate matters PM2.5, PM10 and CO (carbon monoxide) concentrations from the rural kitchens as well as the possible health hazards due to exposure of the air pollutants. One hundred and thirty air samples were collected from the kitchens by using Airveda air quality monitor and Testo 317-3 - Ambient CO meter to monitor the particulate matter and carbon-monoxide concentrations respectively during cooking and non-cooking time. A survey was also conducted through questionnaire. The concentrations of PM2.5 fluctuated from 112-999 µgm-3 whereas the mean concentration was 401.88±232 µgm-3 during cooking time. On the other hand, PM10 concentration varied from 114-1999 µgm-3 were observed during cooking time with a mean concentration was 523.10±413 µgm-3. The concentration of PM2.5 varied from 32-362 µgm-3 at non-cooking period while the mean value was 81.38±41 µgm-3. The concentration of PM10 ranged between 55-429 µgm-3 at non-cooking period and the mean of PM10 was 109.51±51 µgm-3. The mean concentration of CO during cooking period was 51.52±17 ppm and it varied from 20 ppm to 96.4 ppm. On the contrary, the mean concentration of CO during non-cooking period was 6.60± 6 ppm and it fluctuated from 0 to 40 ppm. The concentration of atmospheric particulate matter showed the highest concentration during cooking time. Contemplation on the measured concentration of particulate matters, these values were greater than concentration found in many European cities and also surpassed the Bangladesh National Ambient Air Quality Standard. The monitored CO value exceeded the recommended value. Questionnaire survey result indicated that respondents suffered from various diseases due to household cooking activities such as facing eye irritation, headaches, dry cough, dizziness and nasal congestion during cooking time. This research suggests installation of improved cooking stoves and providing proper ventilation facilities in kitchen and using renewable energy as well as creating public awareness among rural communities for minimizing the impacts of pollutants emitted from cooking activities.
{"title":"Indoor Air Pollution from Household Cooking and Associated Health Hazards of Selected Rural Communities of Madhupur Tract in Bangladesh","authors":"Muhammad Azizal Hoque, Md. Misbahul Hasan, Md. Abdul Baten, Md. Badiuzzaman Khan","doi":"10.55706/jae1635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1635","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor air pollution is deemed one of the most severe environmental pollutions that occur mainly due to the inefficient and incomplete combustion of solid cooking fuels, which emits different types of particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10). Therefore, this study was organized in the hilly rural area of Sagordighi of Tangail district in Bangladesh to monitor the atmospheric particulate matters PM2.5, PM10 and CO (carbon monoxide) concentrations from the rural kitchens as well as the possible health hazards due to exposure of the air pollutants. One hundred and thirty air samples were collected from the kitchens by using Airveda air quality monitor and Testo 317-3 - Ambient CO meter to monitor the particulate matter and carbon-monoxide concentrations respectively during cooking and non-cooking time. A survey was also conducted through questionnaire. The concentrations of PM2.5 fluctuated from 112-999 µgm-3 whereas the mean concentration was 401.88±232 µgm-3 during cooking time. On the other hand, PM10 concentration varied from 114-1999 µgm-3 were observed during cooking time with a mean concentration was 523.10±413 µgm-3. The concentration of PM2.5 varied from 32-362 µgm-3 at non-cooking period while the mean value was 81.38±41 µgm-3. The concentration of PM10 ranged between 55-429 µgm-3 at non-cooking period and the mean of PM10 was 109.51±51 µgm-3. The mean concentration of CO during cooking period was 51.52±17 ppm and it varied from 20 ppm to 96.4 ppm. On the contrary, the mean concentration of CO during non-cooking period was 6.60± 6 ppm and it fluctuated from 0 to 40 ppm. The concentration of atmospheric particulate matter showed the highest concentration during cooking time. Contemplation on the measured concentration of particulate matters, these values were greater than concentration found in many European cities and also surpassed the Bangladesh National Ambient Air Quality Standard. The monitored CO value exceeded the recommended value. Questionnaire survey result indicated that respondents suffered from various diseases due to household cooking activities such as facing eye irritation, headaches, dry cough, dizziness and nasal congestion during cooking time. This research suggests installation of improved cooking stoves and providing proper ventilation facilities in kitchen and using renewable energy as well as creating public awareness among rural communities for minimizing the impacts of pollutants emitted from cooking activities.","PeriodicalId":479858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139531551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nasir Qadir, Muhammad Azeem Akhter, Muhammad Talha Imtiaz
Forest trees are used for multiple purposes, including various products, fruits, timber, resins, windbreaks, shelter, and gums by farmers worldwide. The study aimed to identify the forest tree types chosen by the agrarians in the lower areas of Punjab, including districts Multan, Dera Ghazi Khan, Lodhran, Vehari Muzaffargarh, Khanewal, and Bahawalpur. Altogether, 124 of the respondents were interviewed according to the prescribed questionnaire. The results showed that the young people (48%) had more experience in agroforestry and were willing to adopt the systems on their lands. The research survey observed that most (55%) of the local communities were using wood as a fuel, due to which there is a dire need for the forest trees on the farmlands to overcome the lack of fuel wood sources and the local communities preferred to plant acacia nilotica species (48.3%) and eucalyptus camaldulensis (14.9%) on their farm for their benefits, including fuel, wood, and fodder. Mangifera indica (19.5%) and citrus sinensis (9.2%) are used as fruit trees in their farmland. These results show that farmers used the agroforestry system i.e. silvo-arable, agro-horticulture silvo-pastural and agrosilvo-pastural to increase revenue, hence the need to improve the agroforestry system in these areas.
{"title":"Farmers’ Use and Preferences of Trees in Southern Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"Nasir Qadir, Muhammad Azeem Akhter, Muhammad Talha Imtiaz","doi":"10.55706/jae1634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1634","url":null,"abstract":"Forest trees are used for multiple purposes, including various products, fruits, timber, resins, windbreaks, shelter, and gums by farmers worldwide. The study aimed to identify the forest tree types chosen by the agrarians in the lower areas of Punjab, including districts Multan, Dera Ghazi Khan, Lodhran, Vehari Muzaffargarh, Khanewal, and Bahawalpur. Altogether, 124 of the respondents were interviewed according to the prescribed questionnaire. The results showed that the young people (48%) had more experience in agroforestry and were willing to adopt the systems on their lands. The research survey observed that most (55%) of the local communities were using wood as a fuel, due to which there is a dire need for the forest trees on the farmlands to overcome the lack of fuel wood sources and the local communities preferred to plant acacia nilotica species (48.3%) and eucalyptus camaldulensis (14.9%) on their farm for their benefits, including fuel, wood, and fodder. Mangifera indica (19.5%) and citrus sinensis (9.2%) are used as fruit trees in their farmland. These results show that farmers used the agroforestry system i.e. silvo-arable, agro-horticulture silvo-pastural and agrosilvo-pastural to increase revenue, hence the need to improve the agroforestry system in these areas.","PeriodicalId":479858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139440103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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