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The “Birth-Centered Outcomes Research Engagement (B-CORE) in Medi-Cal” Project: Community-Generated Recommendations to Decrease Maternal Mortality and Severe Maternal Morbidity Medi-Cal“以出生为中心的结果研究参与(B-CORE)”项目:降低孕产妇死亡率和严重孕产妇发病率的社区建议
IF 3.2 2区 医学 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.03.012
Priya Batra MD, MS, FACOG , Gabriela Alvarado MD, MSc, MA, MPhil , Chloe E. Bird PhD, FAAAS, FAAHB

Background

Through applied research and health care quality improvement, California has achieved a maternal mortality (MM) rate significantly lower than that measured nationally. However, Medicaid (Medi-Cal)-insured births in the state continue to experience disproportionate shares of MM and severe maternal morbidity (SMM), which often precedes death. Failure to engage the Medi-Cal community in this work may impede efforts to increase equity.

Methods

This community engagement project used deliberative democracy methods to engage stakeholders with lived experience in California's Medi-Cal perinatal care system to generate an actionable and specific agenda of recommendations to decrease MM and SMM in the Medi-Cal population.

Findings

A total of 37 Medi-Cal stakeholders—representing birthing people, providers, health plan administrators, and advocates—participated in longitudinal co-learning sessions on the topics of MM/SMM in Medi-Cal. Most of these stakeholders (75.7%) then participated in deliberation sessions. Deliberation recommendations fell into five distinct categories: Medi-Cal perinatal covered benefits, data collection and dissemination, patient experience and its link to care quality, Medi-Cal reimbursement rates, and accountability with respect to racism in perinatal care. Stakeholders identified the Medi-Cal system actors best positioned to implement specific recommendations to directly impact MM/SMM.

Conclusions

This project demonstrates the feasibility and success of using deliberative democracy methods to generate local and community-generated solutions to critical problems in health equity. Active and engaged stakeholders were keen to identify both immediate actions and long-term research and quality improvement paradigm shifts to support birth equity in Medi-Cal.

背景通过应用研究和医疗保健质量的提高,加利福尼亚州的孕产妇死亡率显著低于全国水平。然而,该州的医疗补助(Medi-Cal)保险分娩继续经历不成比例的MM和严重孕产妇发病率(SMM),这通常发生在死亡之前。未能让Medi-Cal社区参与这项工作可能会阻碍提高公平性的努力。方法该社区参与项目使用协商民主方法,让在加州Medi-Cal围产期护理系统有生活经验的利益相关者参与进来,以制定一个可操作的具体建议议程,减少Medi-Cal人群中的MM和SMM。发现共有37名Medi-Cal利益相关者——代表出生者、提供者、健康计划管理员和倡导者——参加了Medi-Cal关于MM/SMM主题的纵向共同学习会议。这些利益相关者中的大多数(75.7%)随后参加了审议会议。审议建议分为五类:Medi-Cal围产期保险福利、数据收集和传播、患者体验及其与护理质量的联系、Medi-Cal报销率以及对围产期护理中种族主义的问责。利益相关者确定了Medi-Cal系统最适合实施具体建议以直接影响MM/SMM的参与者。结论该项目证明了使用协商民主方法为卫生公平的关键问题制定地方和社区解决方案的可行性和成功性。积极参与的利益相关者热衷于确定立即行动和长期研究以及质量改进范式的转变,以支持Medi-Cal的出生公平。
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引用次数: 0
Risk of Severe Maternal Morbidity in Birthing People With Opioid Use Disorder 阿片类药物使用障碍分娩人群严重孕产妇发病率的风险
IF 3.2 2区 医学 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.06.002
Godwin K. Osei-Poku MD, DrPH , Julia C. Prentice PhD , Mary Peeler MD, MPH , Sarah N. Bernstein MD , Ronald E. Iverson MD, MPH , Davida M. Schiff MD, MSc

Introduction

We examined severe maternal morbidity (SMM) among birthing people with opioid use disorder (OUD) and evaluated the extent to which differences in SMM exist by race and ethnicity.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study using hospital discharge data for all Massachusetts births between 2016 and 2020. SMM rates for all SMM indicators, except transfusions, were computed for those diagnosed with and without OUD. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between OUD and SMM after adjusting for patient and hospital characteristics, including race and ethnicity.

Results

Among 324,012 childbirths, the SMM rate was 148 (95% confidence interval [CI]. 115–189) per 10,000 childbirths among birthing people with OUD compared with 88 (95% CI, 85–91) for those without. In adjusted models, both OUD and race/ethnicity were significantly associated with SMM. Birthing people with OUD had 2.12 (95% CI, 1.64–2.75) times the odds of experiencing an SMM event compared with those without. Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic birthing people were at 1.85 (95% CI, 1.65–2.07) and 1.26 (95% CI, 1.13–1.41) higher odds of experiencing SMM compared with non-Hispanic White birthing people. Among birthing people with OUD, the odds of SMM were not significantly different between birthing people of color and non-Hispanic White individuals.

Conclusions

Birthing people with OUD are at an elevated risk of SMM, underscoring the need for improved access to OUD treatment and increased support. Perinatal quality improvement collaboratives should measure SMM in bundles aimed at improving outcomes for birthing people with OUD.

我们检查了患有阿片类药物使用障碍(OUD)的分娩人群的严重孕产妇发病率(SMM),并评估了SMM存在的种族和民族差异的程度。方法:我们对2016年至2020年马萨诸塞州所有新生儿的出院数据进行了回顾性队列研究。计算除输血外所有SMM指标的SMM率,诊断为OUD和非OUD的患者。在调整患者和医院特征(包括种族和民族)后,使用多变量逻辑回归来检验OUD和SMM之间的关系。结果在324,012例分娩中,SMM率为148(95%可信区间[CI])。在患有OUD的分娩人群中,每10,000例分娩中有115-189例死亡,而在没有OUD的分娩人群中,这一比例为88例(95% CI, 85-91)。在调整后的模型中,OUD和种族/民族都与SMM显著相关。出生时患有OUD的人发生SMM事件的几率是未出生者的2.12倍(95% CI, 1.64-2.75)。非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔分娩者与非西班牙裔白人分娩者相比,经历SMM的几率分别为1.85 (95% CI, 1.65-2.07)和1.26 (95% CI, 1.13-1.41)。在患有OUD的分娩人群中,有色人种和非西班牙裔白人的SMM几率没有显著差异。结论:出生时患有OUD的人发生SMM的风险较高,这强调了改善OUD治疗和增加支持的必要性。围产期质量改善协作应测量SMM在bundle旨在改善结局分娩的人与OUD。
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引用次数: 0
Variation in Outpatient Postpartum Care Use in the United States: A Latent Class Analysis 美国门诊产后护理使用的变化:潜在类别分析
IF 3.2 2区 医学 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.05.001
Jamie R. Daw PhD , Nina R. Joyce PhD , Erika F. Werner MD , Katy B. Kozhimannil PhD , Maria W. Steenland SD

Introduction

Despite efforts to improve postpartum health care in the United States, little is known about patterns of postpartum care beyond routine postpartum visit attendance. This study aimed to describe variation in outpatient postpartum care patterns.

Methods

In this longitudinal cohort study of national commercial claims data, we used latent class analysis to identify subgroups of patients (classes) with similar outpatient postpartum care patterns (defined by the number of preventive, problem, and emergency department outpatient visits in the 60 days after birth). We also compared classes in terms of maternal sociodemographics and clinical characteristics measured at childbirth, as well as total health spending and rates of adverse events (all-cause hospitalizations and severe maternal morbidity) measured from childbirth to the late postpartum period (61–365 days after birth).

Results

The study cohort included 250,048 patients hospitalized for childbirth in 2016. We identified six classes with distinct outpatient postpartum care patterns in the 60 days after birth, which we classified into three broad groups: no care (class 1 [32.4% of the total sample]); preventive care only (class 2 [18.3%]); and problem care (classes 3–6 [49.3%]). The prevalence of clinical risk factors at childbirth increased progressively from class 1 to class 6; for example, 6.7% of class 1 patients had any chronic disease compared with 15.5% of class 5 patients. Severe maternal morbidity was highest among the high problem care classes (classes 5 and 6): 1.5% of class 6 patients experienced severe maternal morbidity in the postpartum period and 0.5% in the late postpartum period, compared with less than 0.1% of patients in classes 1 and 2.

Conclusions

Efforts to redesign and measure postpartum care should reflect the current heterogeneity in care patterns and clinical risks in the postpartum population.

引言尽管美国努力改善产后保健,但除了常规的产后探访之外,人们对产后护理模式知之甚少。本研究旨在描述门诊产后护理模式的变化。方法在这项针对国家商业索赔数据的纵向队列研究中,我们使用潜在类别分析来确定具有类似门诊产后护理模式的患者亚组(类别)(定义为出生后60天内的预防性、问题性和急诊门诊就诊次数)。我们还比较了产妇的社会人口统计和分娩时测量的临床特征,以及从分娩到产后晚期(出生后61-365天)的总健康支出和不良事件发生率(全因住院和严重孕产妇发病率)。结果研究队列包括2016年因分娩住院的250048名患者。我们确定了在出生后60天内具有不同门诊产后护理模式的六个类别,我们将其分为三大类:无护理(类别1[32.4%的总样本]);仅预防性护理(2级[18.3%]);和问题护理(3-6级[49.3%])。分娩时临床危险因素的患病率从1级逐渐增加到6级;例如,6.7%的1类患者患有任何慢性病,而5类患者的这一比例为15.5%。严重产妇发病率在高问题护理级别(5级和6级)中最高:6级患者中有1.5%在产后出现严重产妇发病,与1级和2级中不到0.1%的患者相比。结论重新设计和衡量产后护理的努力应反映产后人群目前护理模式和临床风险的异质性。
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引用次数: 0
Prenatal Alcohol Counseling Among American Indian and Alaska Native Women and Non-Hispanic White Women in the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System 妊娠风险评估监测系统中美国印第安人、阿拉斯加土著妇女和非西班牙裔白人妇女的产前酒精咨询。
IF 3.2 2区 医学 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.06.003
Luciana E. Hebert PhD , Melissa R. Vera PhD , Michelle C. Sarche PhD

Objective

Universal screening and counseling are recommended for alcohol use during pregnancy, but no prior study has examined differences in prenatal counseling by race or ethnicity. We used Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data to assess differences in provision of counseling on prenatal alcohol use between American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) women during prenatal care.

Methods

We analyzed data from 2014–2015 from the four PRAMS states with the highest number of births to AI/AN women: Alaska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Washington. We estimated the prevalence of prenatal alcohol use, associated risk factors, and prenatal alcohol prevention counseling for AI/AN (n = 1,805) and NHW (n = 5,641) women. We then conducted multivariable logistic regression modeling stratified by race to estimate factors associated with receipt of prenatal alcohol prevention counseling. All analyses were weighted and accounted for the complex sampling design of PRAMS.

Results

Results showed that AI/AN women were counseled on prenatal alcohol use more often than NHW women (77% vs. 67%, p < .05), although the likelihood of any prenatal alcohol use was the same in both groups. The likelihood of prenatal drinking increased with age, education, and income in both groups. Higher education levels were significantly associated with lower risk of prenatal alcohol counseling receipt among AI/AN women. Compared with those with less than a high school diploma, AI/AN women with a college degree or more had 39% reduced risk of receiving counseling (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] = 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45–0.83). Among NHW women, living at 100% to 199% of the Federal Poverty Level was associated with lower risk (aRR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.79–0.98) of counseling receipt compared with women living below the federal poverty line. Higher parity was significantly associated with lower risk of counseling for both groups of women.

Conclusion

Although race was not associated with prenatal alcohol use, AI/AN women were more likely than NHW women to be counseled about prenatal alcohol exposure. Factors associated with counseling receipt differed between the two groups. These findings suggest that receipt of counseling is associated with sociodemographic characteristics, and that counseling is not universally provided. More efforts to provide universal counseling are warranted.

目的:建议对怀孕期间饮酒进行普遍筛查和咨询,但之前没有研究表明种族或民族在产前咨询方面的差异。我们使用妊娠风险评估监测系统(PRMS)数据来评估美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民(AI/AN)和非西班牙裔白人(NHW)妇女在产前护理期间提供产前酒精使用咨询的差异。方法:我们分析了2014-2015年四个人工智能/人工智能女性出生人数最多的PRAMS州的数据:阿拉斯加州、新墨西哥州、俄克拉荷马州和华盛顿州。我们估计了AI/AN(n=1805)和NHW(n=5641)妇女的产前酒精使用率、相关风险因素和产前酒精预防咨询。然后,我们进行了按种族分层的多变量逻辑回归建模,以估计与接受产前酒精预防咨询相关的因素。所有分析都进行了加权,并考虑到PRAMS的复杂抽样设计。结果:结果显示,与非健康妇女相比,AI/AN妇女更经常接受产前饮酒咨询(77%对67%,p结论:尽管种族与产前饮酒无关,但AI/AN女性比NHW女性更有可能接受产前酒精暴露咨询。两组之间接受咨询的相关因素不同。这些发现表明,接受咨询与社会人口学特征有关,咨询并不普遍假如有必要为提供普遍咨询做出更多努力。
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引用次数: 0
Sex-Inclusive Biomedicine: Are New Policies Increasing Rigor and Reproducibility? 性别包容性生物医学:新政策是否增加了严谨性和可重复性?
IF 3.2 2区 医学 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.03.004
Donna L. Maney PhD , Janet W. Rich-Edwards ScD, MPH
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引用次数: 4
Mapping Long-acting Reversible Contraceptive Interventions to the Social Ecological Model: A Scoping Review 将长效可逆避孕干预措施映射到社会生态模型:范围界定综述。
IF 3.2 2区 医学 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.06.005
Ghasi Phillips-Bell ScD, MS , Maria Roque MPH , Lisa Romero DrPH, MPH

Introduction

Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) is one option for preventing unintended pregnancies and short interpregnancy intervals. Efforts to increase access to contraception may benefit from applying the social ecological model (SEM), a framework that considers individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy influences on behavior. We aimed to summarize findings from interventions on LARC use and map interventions to SEM levels.

Methods

We conducted a scoping review of the 2010–2020 literature in PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase databases to summarize interventions that did and did not increase LARC use. Although increasing LARC use is not an appropriate goal from a reproductive autonomy standpoint, it is the stated goal of much of the research conducted to date and typically indicates an improvement in access. We mapped these interventions to SEM levels and categorized their strategies: cost support, patient counseling, administrative support, provider training, and other.

Results

Of 27 interventions reviewed, 17 (63%) increased LARC use. We observed a greater proportion of interventions that increased LARC uptake among those with strategies implemented at policy (8/10 [80%]) or organizational (14/19 [74%]) SEM levels compared with interventions implemented at other SEM levels. When both individual and organizational SEM-level components were implemented, five of six interventions (83%) increased uptake. All five interventions with both organizational- and policy-level components increased LARC use. Among the 27 interventions, patient counseling (n = 12) and cost support (n = 12) were common strategies. Five of 12 interventions (42%) involving patient counseling and 11 of 12 (92%) involving cost support increased LARC use.

Conclusions

Organizational and policy SEM components and cost support strategies were most prevalent in interventions that increased LARC use. Future interventions to improve access to contraception, while respecting patient autonomy, could incorporate more than one SEM level.

引言:长效可逆避孕(LARC)是预防意外怀孕和短间隔妊娠的一种选择。增加避孕机会的努力可能受益于应用社会生态模型,该模型考虑了个人、人际、组织、社区和政策对行为的影响。我们旨在总结LARC使用干预措施的结果,并将干预措施映射到SEM水平。方法:我们对PubMed/MEDLINE和Embase数据库中2010-2020年的文献进行了范围界定审查,以总结是否增加LARC使用的干预措施。尽管从生殖自主的角度来看,增加LARC的使用不是一个合适的目标,但这是迄今为止进行的许多研究的既定目标,通常表明获得LARC的机会有所改善。我们将这些干预措施映射到SEM水平,并对其策略进行分类:成本支持、患者咨询、行政支持、提供者培训和其他。结果:在审查的27项干预措施中,17项(63%)增加了LARC的使用。我们观察到,与在其他SEM级别实施的干预措施相比,在那些在政策(8/10[80%])或组织(14/19[74%])SEM级别实施策略的人中,增加LARC吸收的干预措施比例更大。当同时实施个人和组织SEM层面的组成部分时,六项干预措施中的五项(83%)提高了吸收率。所有五项同时包含组织和政策层面的干预措施都增加了LARC的使用。在27项干预措施中,患者咨询(n=12)和费用支持(n=12个)是常见的策略。12项干预措施中有5项(42%)涉及患者咨询,12项干预中有11项(92%)涉及成本支持,增加了LARC的使用。结论:组织和政策SEM组成部分和成本支持策略在增加LARC使用的干预措施中最为普遍。在尊重患者自主性的同时,未来改善避孕机会的干预措施可以包括不止一个SEM级别。
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引用次数: 0
Intention to Initiate HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Among Cisgender Women in a High HIV Prevalence U.S. City 在美国艾滋病高发城市的顺性别女性中开展艾滋病暴露前预防的意向。
IF 3.2 2区 医学 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.05.009
Rachel K. Scott MD, MPH , Shawnika J. Hull PhD , Jim C. Huang PhD , Peggy P. Ye MD, MPH , Pamela Lotke MD, MPH , Jason Beverley NP , Patricia Moriarty BS , Dhikshitha Balaji BS , Allison Ward MD , Jennifer Holiday MD , Ashley R. Brant DO, MPH , Rick Elion MD , Adam J. Visconti MD, MPH , Megan Coleman DNP

Objective

Our objective was to identify the individual, interpersonal, community, health-system, and structural factors that influence HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) initiation among cisgender women seeking sexual and reproductive health care in a high HIV prevalence community to inform future clinic-based PrEP interventions.

Methods

We collected anonymous, tablet-based questionnaires from a convenience sample of cisgender women in family planning and sexual health clinics in the District of Columbia. The survey used the lens of the socio-ecological model to measure individual, interpersonal, community, institutional, and structural factors surrounding intention to initiate PrEP. The survey queried demographics, behavioral exposure to HIV, perceived risk of HIV acquisition, a priori awareness of PrEP, intention to initiate PrEP, and factors influencing intention to initiate PrEP.

Results

A total of 1437 cisgender women completed the survey. By socio-ecological level, intention to initiate PrEP was associated with positive attitudes toward PrEP (odds ratio [OR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–2.15) and higher self-efficacy (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.02–1.72) on the individual level, perceived future utilization of PrEP among peers and low fear of shame/stigma (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.33–2.04) on the community level, and having discussed PrEP with a provider (OR. 2.39; 95% CI, 1.20–4.75) on the institutional level.

Conclusion

Our findings highlight the importance of multilevel, clinic-based interventions for cisgender women, which promote sex-positive and preventive PrEP messaging, peer navigation to destigmatize PrEP, and education and support for women's health medical providers in the provision of PrEP services for cisgender women.

目的:我们的目的是确定影响在高艾滋病毒流行社区寻求性健康和生殖健康护理的顺性别女性中开始进行艾滋病毒暴露前预防(PrEP)的个人、人际、社区、卫生系统和结构因素,为未来基于临床的PrEP干预提供信息。方法:我们从哥伦比亚特区计划生育和性健康诊所的顺性别女性便利样本中收集了匿名、基于平板电脑的问卷。该调查使用社会生态模型的视角来衡量围绕启动PrEP意图的个人、人际、社区、制度和结构因素。该调查询问了人口统计学、HIV行为暴露、HIV获得的感知风险、PrEP的先验意识、启动PrEP的意图,以及影响PrEP启动意向的因素。结果:共有1437名顺性别女性完成了调查。从社会生态水平来看,启动PrEP的意愿与对PrEP的积极态度有关(优势比[OR],1.56;95%置信区间[CI],1.13-2.15),在个人层面上有更高的自我效能感(OR,1.32;95%置信度,1.02-1.72),在同龄人中感知到PrEP的未来利用率,在社区层面上对羞耻/污名的恐惧度较低(OR,1.65;95%可信区间,1.33-2.04),并在机构层面与提供者讨论了PrEP(OR 2.39;95%CI,1.20-4.75)。结论:我们的研究结果强调了对顺性别女性进行多层次、基于临床的干预的重要性,这些干预促进了性积极和预防性的PrEP信息传递、消除PrEP污名化的同行导航,以及教育和支持女性健康医疗提供者为顺性别女性提供PrEP服务。
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引用次数: 0
Perspectives on Alternative Models of Medication Abortion Provision Among Abortion Patients in the United States 对美国堕胎患者药物流产替代模式的展望
IF 3.2 2区 医学 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.03.007
Katherine Ehrenreich MSc, C. Finley Baba MPH, Sarah Raifman MSc, Daniel Grossman MD

Objective

Restrictions on the availability of medication abortion are a barrier to accessing early abortion. People seeking medication abortion may be interested in obtaining the medications through alternative models. The purpose of this study was to explore patient perspectives on obtaining abortion medications in advance of pregnancy or over the counter (OTC).

Study Design

Between October 2017 and August 2018, we conducted 30 in-depth interviews with abortion patients who indicated support for alternative models. We recruited patients from 10 abortion clinics in states with a range of policy environments. We analyzed interviews using inductive and deductive iterative techniques.

Results

Participants identified logistical benefits of these alternative models, including eliminating travel to a clinic and multiple appointments, and increased privacy around decision-making. Participants were interested in advance provision for its convenience and the sense of preparedness that would come with having the pills available at home, yet some had concerns about the pills being found or stolen. Privacy was the key factor considered for OTC access, including both the privacy benefits of avoiding a clinic and the concern of having one's privacy compromised within the community if purchasing the medications in public.

Conclusions

People who have previously had a medication abortion are interested in alternative methods of provision for reasons concerning convenience, privacy, and avoiding burdens related to hostile policy environments, such as long travel distances to clinics and multiple appointments. Concerns around these models were primarily safety concerns for young people. Further research is needed to evaluate the safety, effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of these alternative models of providing medication abortion.

对药物流产的限制是获得早期堕胎的障碍。寻求药物流产的人可能有兴趣通过替代模式获得药物。本研究的目的是探讨患者对在怀孕前或非处方药(OTC)获得堕胎药物的看法。研究设计在2017年10月至2018年8月期间,我们对表示支持替代模式的堕胎患者进行了30次深入访谈。我们从有各种政策环境的州的10家堕胎诊所招募了患者。我们使用归纳和演绎迭代技术分析访谈。结果参与者确定了这些替代模式的后勤效益,包括取消去诊所的旅行和多次预约,以及增加决策的隐私。参与者对提前供应感兴趣,因为它的方便性和在家里提供药片所带来的准备感,但一些人担心药片会被发现或被盗。隐私是非处方药使用的关键因素,包括避免去诊所的隐私好处,以及如果在公共场合购买药物,在社区内隐私受到损害的担忧。结论以前进行过药物流产的人出于方便、隐私和避免与敌对政策环境相关的负担的原因,如长途前往诊所和多次预约,对其他提供药物的方法感兴趣。对这些车型的担忧主要是年轻人的安全问题。需要进一步的研究来评估这些提供药物流产的替代模式的安全性、有效性、可接受性和可行性。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding Health Behaviors, Weight Perceptions, and Body Appreciation of Young Adult Women Engaged in the Body Positivity Movement 了解参与身体积极运动的年轻成年女性的健康行为、体重感知和身体欣赏
IF 3.2 2区 医学 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.05.004
Kristie Rupp PhD , Stephanie M. McCoy PhD, MPH

Background

The body positivity movement on social media is thought to foster body appreciation, but pervasive societal concern persists about the body positivity movement and the body image, health behaviors, and “normalization of obesity” of young adult women.

Purpose

This study explored the relationship between engagement in the body positivity movement on social media and weight status, body appreciation, body dissatisfaction, and the health behaviors of intuitive eating and physical activity in young adult women (18–35 years).

Methods

Participants (N = 521; ∼64% engaged in body positivity content on social media) were recruited using Qualtrics online panels for this cross-sectional survey during February 2021. Outcomes included weight status, weight consideration, weight perception, body appreciation, body dissatisfaction, physical activity, and intuitive eating. Logistic and linear regression models adjusted for age, race, ethnicity, education level, and household income were used to assess the association between engagement in the body positivity movement and specified outcomes.

Results

Engagement with body positivity content was associated with greater body dissatisfaction (β = 2.33, t(519) = 2.90 p = .017), body appreciation (β = 0.26, t(519) = 2.90 p = .004), and greater likelihood of reporting high amounts of physical activity (odds ratio = 2.28; p < .05) relative to nonengaged peers; these associations remained significant after further adjustment for weight status. Body positivity engagement was not associated with weight status, weight perception, or intuitive eating.

Conclusions

Engagement in the body positivity movement is associated with higher body dissatisfaction and body appreciation in young adult women, which suggests they may be drawn to and engage in the body positivity movement as a protective or coping mechanism for body dissatisfaction.

背景社交媒体上的身体积极运动被认为是为了培养对身体的欣赏,但社会普遍关注身体积极运动以及年轻成年女性的身体形象、健康行为和“肥胖正常化”。目的本研究探讨了社交媒体上参与身体积极运动与体重状况、身体欣赏、身体不满之间的关系,以及年轻成年女性(18-35岁)直觉饮食和体育活动的健康行为。方法2021年2月,参与者(N=521;约64%在社交媒体上参与身体积极性内容)通过Qualtrics在线小组进行横断面调查。结果包括体重状况、体重考虑、体重感知、身体欣赏、身体不满、体育活动和直觉饮食。使用根据年龄、种族、民族、教育水平和家庭收入调整的Logistic和线性回归模型来评估参与身体积极性运动与特定结果之间的关联。结果与未成年同龄人相比,参与身体阳性内容与更大的身体不满意(β=2.33,t(519)=2.90 p=.017)、身体欣赏(β=0.26,t(518)=2.90 p=.004)和报告大量体育活动的可能性更大(比值比=2.28;p<;.05)有关;在对体重状况进行进一步调整后,这些关联仍然显著。身体积极参与与体重状况、体重感知或直觉饮食无关。结论参与身体积极运动与年轻成年女性更高的身体不满和身体欣赏有关,这表明她们可能被身体积极运动所吸引并参与,作为对身体不满的保护或应对机制。
{"title":"Understanding Health Behaviors, Weight Perceptions, and Body Appreciation of Young Adult Women Engaged in the Body Positivity Movement","authors":"Kristie Rupp PhD ,&nbsp;Stephanie M. McCoy PhD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.whi.2023.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.whi.2023.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The body positivity movement on social media is thought to foster body appreciation, but pervasive societal concern persists about the body positivity movement and the body image, health behaviors, and “normalization of obesity” of young adult women.</p></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study explored the relationship between engagement in the body positivity movement on social media and weight status, body appreciation, body dissatisfaction, and the health behaviors of intuitive eating and physical activity in young adult women (18–35 years).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Participants (<em>N</em><span> = 521; ∼64% engaged in body positivity content on social media) were recruited using Qualtrics online panels for this cross-sectional survey during February 2021. Outcomes included weight status, weight consideration, weight perception, body appreciation, body dissatisfaction, physical activity, and intuitive eating. Logistic and linear regression<span> models adjusted for age, race, ethnicity, education level, and household income were used to assess the association between engagement in the body positivity movement and specified outcomes.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Engagement with body positivity content was associated with greater body dissatisfaction (β = 2.33, t(519) = 2.90 <em>p</em> = .017), body appreciation (<em>β</em> = 0.26, t(519) = 2.90 <em>p</em> = .004), and greater likelihood of reporting high amounts of physical activity (odds ratio = 2.28; <em>p</em> &lt; .05) relative to nonengaged peers; these associations remained significant after further adjustment for weight status. Body positivity engagement was not associated with weight status, weight perception, or intuitive eating.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Engagement in the body positivity movement is associated with higher body dissatisfaction and body appreciation in young adult women, which suggests they may be drawn to and engage in the body positivity movement as a protective or coping mechanism for body dissatisfaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48039,"journal":{"name":"Womens Health Issues","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10194612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Musculoskeletal Pain During Pregnancy Among Veterans: Associations With Health and Health Care Utilization 退伍军人妊娠期肌肉骨骼疼痛:与健康和医疗保健利用的关系。
IF 3.2 2区 医学 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.07.004
Aimee Kroll-Desrosiers PhD , Kate F. Wallace MPH , Diana M. Higgins PhD , Steve Martino PhD , Kristin M. Mattocks PhD, MPH

Introduction

Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is more likely to be diagnosed in veterans compared with the general population; however, MSK pain during pregnancy has not been studied in veterans. This study examined health and health care use differences between pregnant veterans with and without MSK pain (MSK–).

Methods

Veterans who delivered a newborn before June 1, 2021, were identified from an existing cohort (n = 1,181). Survey and Veterans Health Administration (VA) electronic health record data were obtained on participants. Veterans meeting inclusion criteria were identified as those with MSK pain (MSK+) and were compared with MSK– participants. We examined differences between primary outcomes of VA health care engagement (including mental health diagnoses, health care visits, receipt of prescription opioids, and complementary and integrative health use) and secondary outcomes (including postpartum variables) between MSK pain groups. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Results

There were 172 veterans (14.6%) who met MSK pain eligibility criteria. In adjusted models, MSK+ veterans were more likely to be diagnosed with major depressive disorder (aOR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.22–2.53) and post-traumatic stress disorder (aOR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.21–2.64) during pregnancy compared with MSK– veterans. The use of VA mental health care (aOR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.09–2.12) and the odds of receiving an opioid prescription during pregnancy (aOR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.53–5.00) was higher in MSK+ veterans compared with MSK– veterans. Only a small proportion (3.6%) of our entire cohort used complementary and integrative health approaches during pregnancy. MSK+ veterans were more likely to deliver by cesarean section compared with MSK– veterans (36% vs. 26%).

Conclusions

MSK+ veterans were more likely to be diagnosed with mental health conditions and to use VA mental health care during pregnancy compared with MSK– veterans. Because veterans receive their obstetrical care in the community, understanding the unique needs of pregnant MSK+ veterans in comparison with MSK– veterans is important to provide comprehensive care during the perinatal period.

引言:与普通人群相比,退伍军人更有可能诊断出肌肉骨骼(MSK)疼痛;然而,尚未对退伍军人在怀孕期间的MSK疼痛进行研究。这项研究调查了有和没有MSK疼痛(MSK-)的怀孕退伍军人之间的健康和医疗保健使用差异。方法:从现有队列中确定2021年6月1日之前分娩新生儿的退伍军人(n=1181)。调查和退伍军人健康管理局(VA)获得了参与者的电子健康记录数据。符合入选标准的退伍军人被确定为患有MSK疼痛(MSK+)的退伍军人,并与MSK-参与者进行比较。我们研究了MSK疼痛组之间VA医疗参与的主要结果(包括心理健康诊断、医疗就诊、处方阿片类药物的接受以及补充和综合健康使用)和次要结果(包括产后变量)之间的差异。计算调整后的比值比(aOR)和95%置信区间(CI)。结果:172名退伍军人(14.6%)符合MSK疼痛资格标准。在调整后的模型中,与MSK退伍军人相比,MSK+退伍军人在怀孕期间更有可能被诊断为重度抑郁障碍(aOR,1.76;95%CI,1.22-2.53)和创伤后应激障碍(aOR1.79;95%CI 1.21-2.64)。与MSK-退伍军人相比,MSK+退伍军人使用VA心理健康护理(aOR,1.52;95%CI,1.09-2.12)和在怀孕期间接受阿片类药物处方的几率(aOR为2.76;95%CI为1.53-5.00)更高。在我们的整个队列中,只有一小部分(3.6%)在怀孕期间使用了互补和综合的健康方法。与MSK退伍军人相比,MSK+退伍军人更有可能通过剖宫产分娩(36%对26%)。结论:与MSK+老兵相比,MSK退伍军人更有可能被诊断出患有心理健康问题,并在怀孕期间使用VA心理健康护理。由于退伍军人在社区接受产科护理,与MSK退伍军人相比,了解怀孕的MSK+退伍军人的独特需求对于在围产期提供全面护理很重要。
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引用次数: 0
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Womens Health Issues
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