Journal of Religion & Health最新文献

The purpose of this study was twofold: first, to design a novel scale for measuring AI-driven pedagogical leadership agility, with a particular focus on its ethical and spiritual dimensions within educational leadership, and second, to evaluate the psychometric properties of this scale among secondary school administrators in Jordan. The primary aim was to provide a reliable and valid instrument to support leaders in navigating AI integration while maintaining ethical accountability and fostering spiritually informed leadership practices. The study proceeded in two main phases. Initially, the conceptual framework and item pool were developed based on a systematic literature review and semi-structured interviews with educational experts. Subsequently, data were collected from a stratified random sample of 740 secondary school principals in Jordan, and construct validity was examined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), exploratory graph analysis (EGA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Reliability was assessed through Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, composite reliability, and test-retest stability, while convergent validity, discriminant validity, and measurement invariance across gender were also evaluated. The analyses revealed a robust five-factor structure underpinning the scale, consisting of 33 items distributed across Algorithmic Vision in Educational Leadership, Spiritual Visionary Leadership, Ethics and Algorithmic Transparency in AI-Enabled School Leadership, AI-Enabled Innovative Educational Leadership, and AI-Responsive Crisis Management Leadership. CFA confirmed excellent model fit, and reliability indices demonstrated strong internal consistency and stability. Among the dimensions, Spiritual Visionary Leadership and Ethics and Algorithmic Transparency showed the highest reliability and predictive importance. Overall, findings suggest that the AI-Driven Pedagogical Leadership Agility Scale (AIDPLA) is a valid and reliable tool for assessing leadership agility infused with ethical and spiritual considerations in the context of AI integration in Jordanian secondary education.

In this response to the editorial by J. J. Amon in Health and Human Rights (Amon, 2025), we reply to Dr. Amon's claims alleging methodological problems and "politicalization" associated with our peer-reviewed work, which was published in the Journal of Religion and Health (Schwartz et al., 2025) and in the Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal (Roth & Wald, 2025). Here, we offer our response, in which we provide additional details related to our informatics and statistical methodologies to refute claims raised in Amon's editorial, that our analyses were conducted in a non-standardized manner. We also explain the distinctions between the critique of Israeli governmental policies and anti-Zionism, which is a form of antisemitism, as clearly defined by the consensus-driven International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (2016). Finally, we once again highlight the presence of the anti-Zionist form of antisemitism within medical communities and associated discourse.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the legitimacy and dependability of "the Spiritual Resilience Scale" in Turkish among people who were suffering from chronic conditions.This study was conducted with 309 individuals who had chronic diseases hospitalized at X University Hospital between October and December 2023. The study data were collected face to face using the "Spiritual Resilience Scale". According to the findings, the content validity index of the scale was found to be 0.99, and the factor loads of the items ranged from 0.833 to 0.925. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found to be 0.919 for the 'Spiritual Endurance' subscale, 0.892 for the 'Spiritual Enterprise' subscale, and 0.880 for the 'Redemptive Purpose' subscale, while the overall Cronbach's alpha for the entire scale was 0.932. The CFA showed that the Turkish version of the 9-item, 3-subdimensional Spiritual Resilience Scale was correct, with no changes to the original scale form. It also found that the fit index values were good.The Turkish version of "the Spiritual Resilience Scale" is a valid and reliable measurement tool for evaluating spiritual resilience in clinical practices for individuals with chronic diseases.

The aim of the present study was the construction and validation of the peace of mind scale for older adults of the Pakistani Muslim population. This research comprised three different studies. Study one consisted of three phases. In Phase I of study I, an item pool through semi-structured interviews, literature review, and expert opinion was generated (inductively and deductively). In Phase II, a pilot study was done to check the suitability and relevancy of items. In Phase III, the final item pool was administered on the purposive sample of the general Muslim population both men (n = 165) and women (n = 148) above the age of 60 years (N = 313) to run an exploratory factor analysis. As a result of exploratory factor analysis (EFA), four-factor structures consisting of 21 items with a cumulative variance of 50.48 were obtained (α = .78). The four factors were named as religious domain (α = .89), political domain (α = .81), personal domain (α = .74), and family domain (α = .80). In study II, confirmatory factor analysis was run on the data of 200 samples to confirm the obtained four-factor structure. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) resulted in an excellent model fit for the four-dimensional factor structure already obtained and established through EFA. In study III, the convergent validity of the scale was established on a separate independent sample (N = 120). Results yielded evidence of convergent validity as gratitude, and religiosity had a significant positive correlation with peace of mind in older adults, and smartphone addiction and rumination had a significant negative correlation with peace of mind in older adults. Moreover, the limitations, suggestions, and implications of the study were discussed.

The present study was conducted to identify the types and underlying causes of human stampede incidents resulting in fatalities and injuries during religious mass gatherings. The PRISMA guidelines were followed to conduct this systematic review. The protocol for this review has been registered in PROSPERO under the code CRD42024529095. Relevant studies were extracted from reliable data sources, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, ISC, SID, and MagIran. Finally, thematic analysis was used to analyze the obtained data. Among the 842 primary studies identified, 22 aligned with the research objectives following the removal of duplicates and screening procedures. The thematic content analysis delineated principal categories: human factors, physical factors, and environmental factors. These categories were further subdivided into eight subcategories: population characteristics, movement of pilgrims, individual attributes of pilgrims, natural factors, man-made factors, social factors, cultural factors, and political factors. Establishing a global database to document human stampedes and their causes can help identify contributing factors and prevent future incidents. Enhancing our understanding of these events, alongside incorporating religious teachings on self-preservation and assisting others, can reduce their likelihood. Educating pilgrims before their journeys may also be an effective strategy.

The purpose of this study is to design and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Ethical-Spiritual Algorithmic Trust Calibration Scale (ES-ATCS) among teachers. The primary aim was to develop a reliable and valid instrument to understand how teachers navigate trust, ethical accountability, and spiritual coherence when engaging with AI-driven educational technologies. The study was conducted in two main phases. Phase 1 comprised item generation, 12 specialist expert reviews (Lawshe CVR cutoff = 0.56), and pilot testing (n = 35 teachers), which reduced the item pool through CVR/I-CVI filtering and impact-score analyses. Phase 2 involved a cross-sectional sample of 666 teachers, which was randomly split into two halves for EFA and CFA. EFA and exploratory graph analysis suggested a coherent six-factor structure accounting for 63.20% of total variance, with the Spiritual Coherence Perception factor explaining 12.26% of the variance. Iterative CFA supported a final 48-item first- and second-order six-factor model with acceptable fit (RMSEA < .08; CFI, TLI > .90; SRMR < .08) and standardized loadings > .40. Measurement invariance was acceptable across gender and teaching experience. Reliability (Cronbach's α .898-.953, McDonald's ω .848-.953, CR .898-.954) and stability were strong: ICCs ranged from .755 to .853. Convergent (AVE .501-.940) and discriminant validity (Fornell-Larcker) were acceptable. Network EGA identified 43 nodes and 209 edges with six communities; centrality indices identified salient items. The 48-item ES-ATCS is culturally sensitive and psychometrically sound for measuring teachers' ethical-spiritual trust in AI.

This study aimed to adapt the Santa Clara Brief Compassion Scale into Turkish and evaluate its psychometric properties, with the goal of providing a concise and culturally appropriate tool to assess compassion in healthcare and research contexts. This methodological study was conducted on 325 individuals aged 18 and over in Turkey between April and May 2025. Data were collected online using a demographic form and the Santa Clara Brief Compassion Scale. Content validity was evaluated by expert review. Construct validity was tested with confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability was assessed through Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's Omega, and test-retest analysis. Content validity indices indicated excellent agreement (I-CVI = 0.90-1.00; S-CVI = 0.99). Factor analysis indicated that the item loadings varied from 0.55 to 0.89. The fit indices were as follows: χ² = 5.67, SD = 3 (p < 0.05), χ²/SD = 1.89, RMSEA = 0.052, CFI = 0.99, SRMR = 0.017, TLI = 0.99, RMR = 0.039 and AIC = 29.67. Overall scale Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.805, and the Omega reliability coefficient was 0.801. As a result of the item analysis, it was determined that the item-total correlation coefficients for the items in the test varied between 0.494 and 0.697. The brief version maintained adequate validity while preserving the original item composition. The Turkish version of the Santa Clara Brief Compassion Scale demonstrated strong validity and reliability. This brief and culturally adapted tool can be applied to the general adult population and offers nursing and healthcare professionals, as well as researchers in social and behavioral sciences, a practical means to evaluate compassion. Its use may support evidence-based practice, guide interventions to foster compassionate care, and contribute to future research aimed at improving well-being and patient outcomes.

This scoping review examines the role of spirituality in helping oncology patients adapt to illness and life. An analysis of 49 quantitative studies from 2019 to 2025 revealed that positive manifestations of spirituality are linked to better mental health and improved adjustment to cancer and treatment. However, negative manifestations of spirituality are associated with poorer health outcomes and lower levels of adjustment. The lack of consensus regarding the definition and measurement of spirituality in oncology presents challenges. This study highlights the need to integrate structured spiritual care into cancer treatment.

Undergoing infertility treatment greatly impacts people in every dimension of life, including their spiritual existence. Spirituality is an intrinsic part of human existence and comprises three essential attributes and two common qualities. The three key attributes are: (I) transcendence, (II) connectedness to self, others and the world, and (III) the human search for meaning and purpose. The two qualities that distinguish spirituality are (1) the capability for change and evolvement and (2) a personal way of 'being in the world.' However, very little attention has been paid in research to the specific spiritual needs of infertility patients. We conducted a narrative literature review to examine what is known, with the aim of coming to a thorough understanding of the spiritual concerns of patients of fertility clinics. Based on the search criteria, 48 studies from around the world were included. We found that spiritual concerns of infertility patients occur in the midst of life as it is lived. Analyzing the literature shows how the three attributes of patients' spirituality change profoundly, while the two qualities are revealed in the fluidity and open-ended nature of this change. We describe this change as the unraveling of the experienced unity of life. We conclude that current literature lacks a framework that looks at humanity as existing in and through relations. This would enhance the understanding of the spiritual needs of infertility patients.