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Introduction and summary to special issue on positive organizational behavior (POB) and psychological capital (PsyCap) 积极组织行为(POB)和心理资本(PsyCap)特刊导言和摘要
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgdyn.2024.101079
Fred Luthans, Suzanne Peterson
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引用次数: 0
Positive mindset: PsyCap’s roles in PERMA+4 and positive organizational psychology, behavior, and scholarship 2.0 积极心态:PsyCap 在 PERMA+4 和积极组织心理学、行为学和学术 2.0 中的作用
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgdyn.2024.101084
Stewart I. Donaldson, Jennifer Villalobos
This paper explores the role of mindset and Positive Organizational Psychology (POP) in modern workplaces amid increasing acknowledgment of mental and emotional attitudes influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. It discusses the shift in focus from traditional problem-centric approaches in behavioral sciences to a balanced perspective that encompasses both strengths and deficits, as advocated by Seligman and Csikszentmihalyi. This shift has given rise to Positive Organizational Behavior (POB) and Positive Organizational Scholarship (POS), emphasizing human resource strengths and psychological capacities. The paper draws on the PERMA+4 framework, an extension of Seligman’s original model incorporating Physical Health, Mindset, Work Environment, and Economic Security alongside Positive Emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment to emphasize the unique role of Positive Mindset. It specifically describes promising research on work-related well-being and optimal work performance, evidence-based practices, and programs at the worker, supervisor/leader, group, and organizational level of analysis. Relatedly, this paper illustrates how one of the most empirically sound constructs within the positive psychology literature, Psychological Capital (PsyCap), can be used to cultivate the essential building block of Positive Mindset toward well-being practices, programs, and applications and more broadly, positive organizational psychology, behavior, and scholarship 2.0 research and applications at multiple levels of analysis. PsyCap theory, research, and evidence-based practices and applications will be discussed in light of how employees’ Positive Mindsets improve the quality of workplaces and the effectiveness of organizations.
本文探讨了心态和积极组织心理学(POP)在现代工作场所中的作用,因为越来越多的人认识到,心理和情感态度会影响个人对世界的看法以及与世界的互动。报告讨论了行为科学的重点从传统的以问题为中心的方法向塞利格曼和辛辛那提所倡导的包含优势和不足的平衡视角的转变。这一转变催生了积极组织行为(POB)和积极组织学术(POS),强调人力资源的优势和心理能力。本文借鉴了 PERMA+4 框架,该框架是塞利格曼原始模型的延伸,将身体健康、心态、工作环境和经济安全与积极情绪、参与、关系、意义和成就结合在一起,以强调积极心态的独特作用。本文具体介绍了与工作相关的幸福感和最佳工作表现方面的前景研究、循证实践以及工人、主管/领导、团体和组织分析层面的计划。与此相关的是,本文阐述了积极心理学文献中最具实证性的构架之一--心理资本(PsyCap)--如何用于培养积极心态的基本构件,以实现幸福实践、计划和应用,以及更广泛意义上的积极组织心理学、行为学和学术 2.0 在多个分析层面上的研究和应用。将根据员工的积极心态如何提高工作场所的质量和组织的效率,讨论 PsyCap 理论、研究和循证实践与应用。
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引用次数: 0
Elevating aspiring diverse leaders through PsyCap: Individual sources and organizational support for developing HEROs 通过 PsyCap 提升有抱负的多元化领导者:培养 HERO 的个人来源和组织支持
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgdyn.2024.101086
Rebecca J. Reichard , Thiraput Pitichat , Kayla K. Parker
Aspiring, diverse leaders are ready and capable not only to fill the leadership gap left by baby boomers but also to drive innovations to meet global grand challenges. Diverse leaders, or those from non-dominant social groups like women, BIPOC, and LGBTQ+ individuals, with high levels of Positive Psychological Capital (PsyCap) have a leadership advantage over those with lower PsyCap. As a psychological resource, PsyCap, which encompasses Hope, Efficacy, Resilience, and Optimism, is state-like and open to development. This article aims to promote the development of PsyCap and elevate aspiring, diverse leaders by providing a dozen organizational supports aligned with a dozen individual sources of PsyCap. Specifically, organizational support (e.g., employee resource groups, visibility of and access to diverse leaders, protective policies and procedures, and leadership coaching) enables the individual sources of PsyCap (e.g., re-goaling, social persuasion, reducing risks, and positive self-talk). We conclude by detailing caveats related to the unique experiences of individuals and groups of marginalized populations.
有抱负的多元化领导者已经做好准备,他们不仅有能力填补婴儿潮一代留下的领导空白,而且有能力推动创新,以应对全球性的巨大挑战。多元化领导者,或来自女性、BIPOC 和 LGBTQ+ 等非主流社会群体的领导者,如果拥有较高水平的积极心理资本(PsyCap),就会比那些心理资本较低的领导者更具领导优势。作为一种心理资源,PsyCap 包括希望(Hope)、效率(Efficacy)、复原力(Resilience)和乐观(Optimism),具有状态性和开放性。本文旨在通过提供十几种与十几种个人心理资本来源相匹配的组织支持,促进心理资本的发展,提升有抱负的多元化领导者。具体来说,组织支持(如员工资源小组、多元化领导者的能见度和接触机会、保护性政策和程序以及领导力辅导)能够促进个人心理素质来源(如重新唤醒、社会说服、降低风险和积极的自我对话)。最后,我们将详细说明与边缘化人群的个人和群体的独特经历有关的注意事项。
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引用次数: 0
Architecting human resource management systems with positive psychological capital 构建具有积极心理资本的人力资源管理系统
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgdyn.2024.101082
James B. Avey, Erica Holley
The application of human resource management systems over the last 50 years has revolutionized how organizations attract, motivate, deploy and lead human capital. The accumulation of scientific evidence suggests organizations can, do and should integrate elements of positive organizational behavior into these systems. As a component of positive organizational behavior, positive psychological capital can be utilized to address some of the most pressing organizational issues today such as engaging a remote workforce, transforming diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives and reinventing employee well-being programs. Based on the last twenty years of research in this area, nine implementable recommendations are provided to integrate positive psychological capital into human resource management systems.
过去 50 年来,人力资源管理系统的应用彻底改变了组织吸引、激励、部署和领导人力资本的方式。科学证据的积累表明,组织可以、确实并且应该将积极的组织行为元素融入这些系统。作为积极组织行为的一个组成部分,积极心理资本可用于解决当今一些最紧迫的组织问题,如吸引远程劳动力,转变多元化、公平和包容性举措,以及重塑员工福利计划。基于过去二十年在这一领域的研究,本报告提出了九项可实施的建议,以将积极心理资本融入人力资源管理系统。
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引用次数: 0
Positive minds, inclusive minds: PsyCap’s potential in overcoming resistance to DEI initiatives in organizations 积极的思想,包容的思想:PsyCap 在克服组织内对 DEI 举措的抵制方面的潜力
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgdyn.2024.101087
Joana Story , Tatiana Iwai , Gustavo M. Tavares
The discourse around Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) in the workplace has gained significant traction over the past decade, yet the effectiveness of DEI initiatives in organizations remains modest at best, sparking a debate on why most diversity programs fail and what are the main challenges associated with them. DEI efforts, similar to any organizational change, often trigger resistance, especially from members of the majority group who face distinct psychological threats. This resistance fosters anti-diversity responses that can undermine DEI initiatives. This article proposes that Psychological Capital (PsyCap) can play a key role in facilitating DEI initiatives and diminishing resistance as it can (a) influence individuals’ cognitive appraisals of change initiatives, and (b) mitigate intergroup bias and prejudice towards individuals seen as “out-groups”, particularly those constituted by minority populations.
在过去的十年中,围绕工作场所中的多样性、公平性和包容性(DEI)的讨论已取得了显著的进展,但组织中的 DEI 计划的效果充其量仍然一般,这引发了一场关于为什么大多数多样性计划都会失败以及与之相关的主要挑战是什么的辩论。与任何组织变革类似,多元化倡议的努力往往会引发抵触情绪,尤其是来自面临明显心理威胁的多数群体成员的抵触情绪。这种阻力会助长反多元化的反应,从而破坏多元化发展计划。本文提出,心理资本(PsyCap)可以在促进 DEI 计划和减少阻力方面发挥关键作用,因为它可以(a)影响个人对变革计划的认知评价,以及(b)减轻群体间偏见和对被视为 "外群体 "的个人的偏见,特别是那些由少数群体构成的个人。
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引用次数: 0
Mastering the art of humor in leadership: A toolkit for organizational leaders 掌握领导力中的幽默艺术:组织领导者工具包
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgdyn.2024.101074

Humor and leadership may seem like strange companions but the positive impact leaders' humor has on employees and work outcomes is no laughing matter! Humor is now being conceptualized as a leadership tool for leaders to strategically use to bring about desired employee outcomes. Yet the literature lacks suitable instructions on how to use humor as a leadership tool. This impedes humor training and development for leaders. We address this by delineating the Knowledge, Skills and Abilities needed to create and use strategic humor at work and including them in a humor toolkit specifically for leaders. Our paper also shows how to ensure the effective transfer of humor training to the workplace and the resultant leadership behaviours that arise due to the use of humor by leaders.

幽默和领导力似乎是一对奇怪的搭档,但领导者的幽默对员工和工作成果的积极影响却并非笑谈!现在,幽默已被视为一种领导力工具,领导者可以战略性地使用它来为员工带来预期的结果。然而,关于如何将幽默作为一种领导工具的文献却缺乏适当的指导。这阻碍了领导者的幽默培训和发展。为了解决这一问题,我们划分了在工作中创造和使用战略性幽默所需的知识、技能和能力,并将其纳入专门针对领导者的幽默工具包中。我们的论文还说明了如何确保将幽默培训有效转移到工作场所,以及由于领导者使用幽默而产生的领导行为。
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引用次数: 0
Leaders thrive thanks to sidekicks 领导者的茁壮成长得益于身边的助手
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgdyn.2024.101061
George B. Graen , Dianna L. Stone , Xueting Jiang , Julio C. Canedo
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引用次数: 0
The motivational micromanager 激励型微观管理者
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgdyn.2024.101054

Micromanagement is a well-known phenomenon in the modern workplace. However, there’s a new subtype of micromanager: the motivational micromanager. This type of manager is showing up more and more in offices around the globe, and they can be as dangerous to innovation and team motivation as traditional micromanagers. The objective of this paper is to introduce the concept of the motivational micromanager, a leader who believes that when they give advice and detailed instructions, often with a smile and great enthusiasm, they are motivating their employees to succeed. Micromanagement is seen by many as even dangerous to organizational success and employees who work for motivational micromanagers are also at risk for burnout and quiet quitting because they, too, feel the strain of following detailed instructions, respecting a rigid regime, and avoiding mistakes at all costs. We discuss how motivational managers can shake free of the delusion that they are serving their employees. They need training and support to learn how to encourage others to come up with their own solutions, to create positive work cultures where innovation flows, to give and receive feedback without fear of retaliation, and to accept that mistakes are part of the learning process. The motivational micromanager borrows from two leadership constructs of empowerment and micromanagement. On the one side leaders wish to empower others with the best intentions and a motivational approach, on the other hand however the reality of the execution indicates a new sub-form of micromanagement. The distinctive contribution of this paper is to firstly label and uncover motivational micromanagement and raise awareness that this new species of managers exists and secondly to provide practical implications for MBA students, Executive Education programs and managers to move out of the micromanagement and into a truly empowering mode of leadership.

微观管理是现代职场中一个众所周知的现象。然而,微观管理者中出现了一种新的亚类型:激励型微观管理者。这种类型的管理者越来越多地出现在全球各地的办公室中,他们与传统的微观管理者一样,会对创新和团队激励造成危害。本文旨在介绍 "激励型微观管理者 "的概念。这种领导者认为,当他们面带微笑、热情洋溢地给出建议和详细指示时,就是在激励员工取得成功。许多人认为微观管理甚至会危及组织的成功,而为激励型微观管理者工作的员工也有倦怠和悄然辞职的风险,因为他们也感受到了遵循详细指示、尊重僵化制度和不惜一切代价避免犯错所带来的压力。我们将讨论如何让激励型管理者摆脱 "他们是在为员工服务 "的错觉。他们需要培训和支持,以学习如何鼓励他人提出自己的解决方案,如何创造积极的工作文化以促进创新,如何在不担心报复的情况下给予和接受反馈,以及如何接受错误是学习过程的一部分。激励型微观管理者借鉴了授权和微观管理这两种领导力结构。一方面,领导者希望以最好的意图和激励的方式赋予他人权力,但另一方面,执行的现实情况表明微观管理是一种新的子形式。本文的独特贡献在于,首先标明并揭示了激励型微观管理,提高了人们对这种新型管理者存在的认识;其次,为 MBA 学生、高管教育项目和管理者提供了摆脱微观管理、进入真正的授权型领导模式的实际意义。
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引用次数: 0
Leading from the outside-in: Applying systems thinking to explain CEO experiences during COVID-19 由外而内的领导:运用系统思维解释 COVID-19 期间首席执行官的经验
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgdyn.2024.101055
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引用次数: 0
Bridging ideas and market success: A framework for managing proof-of-concept projects 架起创意与市场成功之间的桥梁:概念验证项目管理框架
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgdyn.2024.101053

While the world is full of potential moonshot projects, there is an ever-growing disconnect between new ideas and their successful transformation into commercialized new products. Companies often struggle with inefficient resource allocation and the challenge of quickly assessing an idea’s feasibility. The burgeoning number of proof-of-concept (PoC) projects reflects the need to mitigate the risk of investing resources in potential failures. This study introduces the PoC Framework, a strategic tool that guides managers through the PoC journey, transforming initial ideas into real-world applications. Importantly, it promotes a mindset shift that equally values the proving and disproving of concepts. This approach saves resources by preventing the further development of non-viable ideas. The PoC Framework has been gaining traction among Silicon Valley firms, underscoring its practical relevance and effectiveness in fostering strategic thinking and overcoming hidden challenges within the PoC process.

虽然世界上充满了潜在的 "登月计划",但新创意与成功转化为商业化新产品之间的脱节却日益严重。公司常常苦于资源分配效率低下,难以快速评估创意的可行性。概念验证(PoC)项目数量的激增反映了人们需要降低将资源投入到潜在失败中的风险。本研究介绍了 PoC 框架,这是一种战略性工具,可指导管理人员完成 PoC 之旅,将最初的想法转化为现实世界中的应用。重要的是,它促进了一种思维方式的转变,即同样重视概念的证明和反驳。这种方法可以防止进一步开发不可行的想法,从而节省资源。PoC框架在硅谷企业中的影响力越来越大,凸显了它在促进战略思维和克服PoC过程中隐藏的挑战方面的实用性和有效性。
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Organizational Dynamics
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