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Don’t Be Too Good at Reading Other People's Minds 不要太擅长揣摩别人的心思
IF 5.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1177/17540739241231931
Lisa Zunshine
Attribution of mental states is fundamental to our engagement with fiction. Crucially, its social content depends on mental states recursively “embedded” within each other; for instance, when a person doesn’t want other people to know about her intentions. Given that some characters seem to be consistently capable of embedding mental states on a higher level than others, this essay reviews factors that may influence authors’ constructions of such mindreading hierarchies as well as their reversals. The argument focuses on the reversal scenes in films Goodbye Lenin, The Lives of Others, and Never Look Away, and on prosocial emotions evoked by their depiction of a more equitable distribution of a presumably valuable and scarce resource, that is, access to other people's minds.
心理状态的归属是我们阅读小说的基础。至关重要的是,小说的社会内容依赖于心理状态之间的递归 "嵌入";例如,当一个人不想让其他人知道她的意图时。鉴于某些角色似乎始终能够比其他角色在更高层次上嵌入心理状态,本文评述了可能影响作者构建这种读心术等级及其逆转的因素。本文的论点主要集中在电影《再见列宁》、《他人的生活》和《永不瞑目》中的逆转场景,以及这些电影对一种可能有价值的稀缺资源--获取他人思想的机会--进行更公平分配的描述所唤起的亲社会情感。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction to the Special Issue: “Literature and Emotion” 特刊导言:"文学与情感
IF 5.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1177/17540739241235111
Bradley J. Irish
This introduces the special issue “Literature and Emotion.”
在此介绍 "文学与情感 "特刊。
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引用次数: 0
Affect Theory and Literary Criticism 情感理论与文学批评
IF 5.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1177/17540739241231934
Stephen Ahern
The “affective turn” is by now long established, part of a wider surge of interest in emotion playing out in a range of disciplines. In literary studies, the conversation about how affect theory might help us to interpret literature is still emerging. The goal of the present discussion is to provide a critical overview of work by scholars who draw on the insights of recent theory to read literary texts written in English. At the same time that the discussion offers an appraisal of the current state of scholarship, it also seeks to identify emerging new directions in research.
现在,"情感转向 "早已确立,它是各学科对情感的广泛兴趣的一部分。在文学研究领域,关于情感理论如何帮助我们解读文学的讨论仍在兴起。本次讨论的目的是对学者们利用最新理论见解解读英语文学文本的工作进行批判性概述。在对学术研究现状进行评估的同时,本讨论还试图确定新出现的研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
Fairness, Hierarchy, and Moral Rationalization, or What's Wrong With Paradise Lost? 公平、等级和道德合理化,或《失乐园》出了什么问题?
IF 5.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1177/17540739241231932
Patrick Colm Hogan
Literature and Moral Feeling argued that ethics is best understood as a constraint on egocentric self-interest. That constraint is specified variously by groups or individuals who set parameters differently within common ethical principles, and who use a range of emotion-guided narrative genres to imagine and evaluate possible actions. Though it covers many ethical concerns (collectively termed “morality”), this account leaves out fairness (alternatively, justice). The following essay seeks to make up for that deficit. Framing its analysis by reference to a well-known problem in Milton's Paradise Lost, it distinguishes two systems of ethical response organized around first- and third-person perspectives. Like the first-person concerns of morality, third person concerns of justice are specified by setting parameters within common principles. In treating these principles and parameters, the essay articulates cognitive and affective components of third-person ethical evaluation. These, then, help to resolve the problem with Milton's poem. That resolution, in turn, suggests further complications in the account of ethical evaluation.
文学与道德情感》一书认为,伦理最好被理解为对以自我为中心的利己主义的约束。群体或个人在共同的伦理原则下设定不同的参数,并使用一系列情感引导的叙事流派来想象和评估可能的行动,从而对这种约束做出了不同的规定。虽然这一论述涵盖了许多伦理问题(统称为 "道德"),但却忽略了公平(或正义)。下文试图弥补这一不足。文章以弥尔顿《失乐园》中的一个著名问题为分析框架,区分了围绕第一人称视角和第三人称视角的两种伦理反应体系。与道德的第一人称关注点一样,正义的第三人称关注点也是通过在共同原则中设定参数来明确的。在论述这些原则和参数时,文章阐明了第三人称伦理评价的认知和情感要素。这些内容有助于解决弥尔顿诗歌的问题。这一问题的解决反过来又为伦理评价的论述提出了进一步的复杂性。
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引用次数: 0
Less Is More: How the Language of Fiction Fosters Emotion Recognition 少即是多:小说语言如何促进情感识别
IF 5.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1177/17540739241232350
Emanuele Castano
Stories, in pictorial format, orally narrated, and later on as narrative texts, have played a key role in human evolution and to this day continue to surreptitiously teach us things and skills. In recent decades, psychologists and cognitive scientists have begun documenting the role of stories, and particularly fiction, in refining our sociocognitive skills. In this essay, I focus specifically on how stories, particularly written fiction, hone our emotion recognition skills. I present a brief overview of existing theorizing and research findings, and propose the less-is-more hypothesis, according to which emotion recognition skills are sharpened by stories that do not tell us, but rather show us the emotional life of fictional characters.
图画形式的故事、口头讲述的故事以及后来的叙事文本故事,在人类进化过程中发挥了关键作用,时至今日仍在潜移默化地教会我们知识和技能。近几十年来,心理学家和认知科学家开始记录故事,尤其是小说,在完善我们的社会认知能力方面所起的作用。在这篇文章中,我将特别关注故事,尤其是书面小说是如何磨练我们的情感识别能力的。我简要概述了现有的理论和研究成果,并提出了 "少即是多 "的假设,即情感识别能力可以通过故事得到磨练,因为故事不是告诉我们,而是向我们展示虚构人物的情感生活。
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引用次数: 0
Emotion Granularity, Regulation, and Their Implications in Health: Broadening the Scope from a Cultural and Developmental Perspective 情绪细化、调节及其对健康的影响:从文化和发展的角度扩大研究范围
IF 5.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1177/17540739231214564
Ka I Ip, Kewei Yu, Maria Gendron
The ability to represent emotional experiences in a precise fashion with language, termed emotional granularity, is related to a number of beneficial outcomes. However, the emotion granularity construct and operationalization are rooted in the lens of so-called Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and Democratic (WEIRD) societies that focus on emotions as a mental-state phenomena. Using evidence from multiple non-WEIRD societies, we illustrate that people's everyday vernacular often emphasizes bodily over, or in addition to, mental states. This suggests that granularity focused only on mental state language may limit our ability to operationalize this construct in a culturally valid manner. To overcome this limitation, we propose capturing “experiential” granularity and a concept model on how it may link to regulation and health.
用语言精确表达情感体验的能力,被称为情感粒度,与许多有益的结果有关。然而,情绪粒度结构和操作化根植于所谓的西方,受过教育,工业化,富裕和民主(WEIRD)社会的镜头,这些社会将情绪视为一种精神状态现象。利用来自多个非怪异社会的证据,我们说明了人们的日常白话往往强调身体状态,或者除了精神状态之外。这表明,只关注心理状态语言的粒度可能会限制我们以文化上有效的方式操作这种结构的能力。为了克服这一限制,我们建议捕捉“经验”粒度,并建立一个概念模型,说明它如何与监管和健康联系起来。
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引用次数: 0
Collective Emotion: A Framework for Experimental Research 集体情感:实验研究框架
IF 5.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-19 DOI: 10.1177/17540739231214533
Victor Chung, Julie Grèzes, Elisabeth Pacherie
Research on collective emotion spans social sciences, psychology and philosophy. There are detailed case studies and diverse theories of collective emotion. However, experimental evidence regarding the universal characteristics, antecedents and consequences of collective emotion remains sparse. Moreover, current research mainly relies on emotion self-reports, accounting for the subjective experience of collective emotion and ignoring their cognitive and physiological bases. In response to these challenges, we argue for experimental research on collective emotion. We start with an overview of theoretical frameworks to identify a set of three characteristics of collective emotion. Based on research in cognitive and affective sciences, we then examine the corresponding candidate mechanisms. Finally, we highlight outstanding questions, review experimental evidence, and suggest ideas for future experimental research.
关于集体情感的研究横跨社会科学、心理学和哲学。对集体情感有详细的案例研究和多种理论。然而,有关集体情绪的普遍特征、前因和后果的实验证据仍然很少。此外,目前的研究主要依赖于情绪自我报告,只考虑了集体情绪的主观体验,而忽略了其认知和生理基础。为了应对这些挑战,我们主张对集体情绪进行实验研究。我们从理论框架概述入手,确定了集体情绪的三个特征。然后,我们以认知科学和情感科学的研究为基础,探讨了相应的候选机制。最后,我们强调了悬而未决的问题,回顾了实验证据,并对未来的实验研究提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
On the Invalidity of Neta and Kim's Argument That Surprise is Always Valenced 论内塔和金(Neta and Kim)关于 "惊喜总是有价值的 "论点的无效性
IF 5.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1177/17540739231214785
Andrew Ortony, James A. Russell
In a challenge to Basic Emotion theories, Ortony suggested in a recent article that the existence of affect-free surprise means that surprise is not necessarily valenced and therefore arguably not an emotion. In an article in response, Neta and Kim argued that surprise is always valenced and therefore is an emotion, with apparent cases of affect-free surprise actually being cases of the cognitive state of unexpectedness rather than surprise. We view Neta and Kim's position as resting on an idiosyncratic stipulation of word usage. We further suggest that rejecting affect-free surprise by appealing to examples of affect-laden surprise has no bearing on whether surprise is always valenced, and propose that when surprise appears to be affect-laden the locus of the experienced valence is a co-occurring emotion.
奥托尼(Ortony)在最近的一篇文章中对基本情感理论提出了挑战,他认为无情感惊喜的存在意味着惊喜不一定是有情感的,因此可以说不是一种情感。作为回应,Neta 和 Kim 在一篇文章中指出,惊讶总是有情感的,因此是一种情感,表面上的无情感惊讶实际上是意外的认知状态,而不是惊讶。我们认为,Neta 和 Kim 的立场是建立在对词语用法的特异性规定之上的。我们进一步指出,通过引用带有情感的惊讶的例子来否定无情感惊讶与惊讶是否总是带有情感没有关系,并提出当惊讶看起来带有情感时,体验到的情感的位置是一种共存的情感。
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引用次数: 0
CORRIGENDUM to “Does Music Training Improve Emotion Recognition Abilities? A Critical Review” “音乐训练能提高情绪识别能力吗?”《批判性评论》
2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.1177/17540739231213569
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引用次数: 0
All Hearts and Minds on Deck: Hope Motivates Climate Action by Linking the Present and the Future 所有的心和思想在甲板上:希望通过连接现在和未来激励气候行动
IF 5.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-03 DOI: 10.1177/17540739231195534
Elke U. Weber, Sara M Constantino
Emotions shape judgments and decisions, including actions in response to climate change. Despite growing interest in the cognitive, social, and political determinants of climate (in)action, the role of emotions has received limited attention. This review discusses the role of hope in climate action. While many emotional states are oriented to the past or present, hope offers a positive vision of the future. In exploratory analyses of a nationally representative survey of US residents, we identify the most important predictors of hope, climate action, and policy support from a large set of potential variables. We find suggestive evidence that hope, a construct comprised of cognitive, emotional, and contextual factors, is an important motivator of future-oriented action.
情绪影响判断和决策,包括应对气候变化的行动。尽管人们对气候行动的认知、社会和政治决定因素越来越感兴趣,但情绪的作用却受到了有限的关注。这篇综述讨论了希望在气候行动中的作用。虽然许多情绪状态都指向过去或现在,但希望提供了对未来的积极愿景。在对一项具有全国代表性的美国居民调查的探索性分析中,我们从一大组潜在变量中确定了希望、气候行动和政策支持的最重要预测因素。我们发现暗示性的证据表明,希望,一个由认知、情感和情境因素组成的结构,是面向未来行动的重要激励因素。
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Emotion Review
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