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The Influence of Rural Environment on Social Adaptation and the Health Status of Rural Older Adults in China: Evidence From the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey 农村环境对中国农村老年人社会适应和健康状况的影响:来自中国老年社会纵向调查的证据
IF 2.6 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1002/psp.70138
Zhenhua Zheng, Yabin Guo, Yuetong Wang

Amid the backdrop of rural revitalization and a rapidly aging population, the health status of rural older adults in China has become a matter of growing social concern. While there is a significant correlation between the rural environment and the health status of rural older adults, less attention has been given to the underlying mechanisms by which the rural environment influences their health. Drawing on data from the 2020 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS), this study explores the complex relationships between the rural environment, social adaptation, physical activity, social participation, and the health status of rural older adults, and analyzes the differences across various age groups. The results indicate that the rural environment exerts a significant positive effect on both social adaptation and the health status of rural older adults. At the same time, social adaptation is a mediating variable of the rural environment's influence on the health status of rural older adults, namely that the rural environment partially enhances the health status of rural older adults by improving social adaptation capacity, while physical activity and social participation did not show a significant mediating effect. Additionally, the influence of the rural environment on both social adaptation and the health status of rural older adults increases with age, and the mediating role of social adaptation similarly becomes more pronounced with aging. This study highlights the differential impacts of the rural environment on social adaptation and the health status of rural older adults across age groups, offering a scientific basis for developing more targeted health intervention strategies for older adults.

在乡村振兴和人口快速老龄化的背景下,中国农村老年人的健康状况日益成为社会关注的问题。虽然农村环境与农村老年人的健康状况之间存在显著的相关性,但对农村环境影响老年人健康的潜在机制的关注较少。本研究利用2020年中国老龄化社会纵向调查(CLASS)的数据,探讨了农村环境、社会适应、身体活动、社会参与与农村老年人健康状况之间的复杂关系,并分析了不同年龄组之间的差异。结果表明,农村环境对农村老年人的社会适应和健康状况均有显著的正向影响。同时,社会适应是农村环境对农村老年人健康状况影响的中介变量,即农村环境通过提高社会适应能力部分提高了农村老年人的健康状况,而体力活动和社会参与并没有表现出显著的中介作用。此外,农村环境对农村老年人社会适应和健康状况的影响都随着年龄的增长而增加,社会适应的中介作用也随着年龄的增长而更加明显。本研究突出农村环境对不同年龄组农村老年人社会适应和健康状况的差异影响,为制定更有针对性的老年人健康干预策略提供科学依据。
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引用次数: 0
Moral Remittances at War: The Impact of the Full-Scale Russian Invasion on Money Transfers by Ukrainian Female Labour Migrants in Israel 战争中的道德汇款:俄罗斯全面入侵对乌克兰女性劳工移民在以色列汇款的影响
IF 2.6 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1002/psp.70140
Anna Prashizky

This study examines the remittance practices of Ukrainian female Prewar labour migrants in Israel and their evolving roles as economic providers and transnational actors amid the ongoing war in Ukraine. Based on 26 in-depth interviews and participant observations conducted at a Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (UGCC) in Jaffa, the study employs an interpretative analysis to explore the intersections of gender, migration, and conflict. The central argument is that wartime remittances reflect a complex and ambivalent phenomenon: while migrant women express deep national solidarity by channelling their earnings across multiple levels of obligation—including close family members, local communities, and the broader national cause—they simultaneously voice strong mistrust towards the Ukrainian state, rooted in long-standing public perceptions of systemic corruption. In this context, remittances function both as expressions of moral commitment and as critiques of institutional failure. The study sheds light on the gendered dimensions of transnational support in conflict settings and the emotional tensions embedded in the act of giving.

本研究考察了战前在以色列的乌克兰女性劳工移民的汇款做法,以及她们在乌克兰持续战争中作为经济提供者和跨国行动者的演变角色。基于在雅法乌克兰希腊天主教会(UGCC)进行的26次深度访谈和参与者观察,该研究采用解释性分析来探索性别、移民和冲突的交叉点。核心论点是,战时汇款反映了一种复杂而矛盾的现象:虽然移民妇女通过将她们的收入跨越多个层面的义务(包括亲密的家庭成员、当地社区和更广泛的国家事业)来表达深厚的民族团结,但同时她们也表达了对乌克兰国家的强烈不信任,这种不信任植根于长期以来公众对系统性腐败的看法。在这种情况下,汇款既是道德承诺的表达,也是对制度失败的批评。这项研究揭示了冲突背景下跨国支持的性别维度,以及在给予行为中嵌入的情感紧张。
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引用次数: 0
Housing Expenditure and Births in Italy 意大利的住房支出和出生率
IF 2.6 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1002/psp.70131
Alessandro Gallo, Daniele Vignoli

Housing is a fundamental determinant of individual and household well-being. In fertility research, its role has traditionally been examined through homeownership, yet the impact of housing expenditure—including mortgage payments, rent, bills, and maintenance expenses—remains underexplored. This study extends the literature by analyzing the relationship between housing expenditure and childbearing in Italy. Using data from the Bank of Italy's Survey on Household Income and Wealth (1998–2016), we uncover two key findings. First, higher housing expenditure is positively associated with childbearing, but only among homeowners, not tenants. This suggests that property ownership and improved housing conditions are perceived as essential prerequisites for parenthood in Italy. Second, this relationship holds exclusively for wealthier households—those who can sustain both higher housing costs and the financial demands of raising children. Our findings contribute to the growing literature on the increasing prerequisites for parenthood, underscoring the relevance of housing prerequisites. Homeownership—even if it leads to a financial burden—represents a crucial milestone in the childbearing process, at least in Italy.

住房是个人和家庭福利的基本决定因素。在生育研究中,它的作用传统上是通过房屋所有权来检验的,然而住房支出的影响——包括抵押贷款支付、租金、账单和维护费用——仍然没有得到充分的探讨。本研究通过分析意大利住房支出与生育之间的关系来扩展文献。利用意大利银行家庭收入和财富调查(1998-2016)的数据,我们发现了两个关键发现。首先,较高的住房支出与生育呈正相关,但仅限于房主,而非租户。这表明,在意大利,拥有财产和改善住房条件被认为是为人父母的必要先决条件。其次,这种关系只适用于较富裕的家庭——那些能够承受更高的住房成本和抚养孩子的经济需求的家庭。我们的研究结果为越来越多的关于为人父母的先决条件的文献做出了贡献,强调了住房先决条件的相关性。拥有住房——即使它会带来经济负担——至少在意大利是生育过程中一个至关重要的里程碑。
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引用次数: 0
Crisis, Privilege, and Lifestyle Migration: Mobility in Times of Uncertainty 危机、特权和生活方式迁移:不确定时代的流动性
IF 2.6 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1002/psp.70136
Hila Zaban, Orit Unger

This paper examines lifestyle migration to Thailand as part of an emerging culture of migration shaped by socio-political instability and economic uncertainty. Focusing on migrants from a politically and economically volatile context, it highlights the timing of this migration trend and explores how personal and collective crises influence mobility decisions. Situating these dynamics within global migration patterns and parallel cases, the paper employs the concept of social imaginaries to investigate how Thailand is perceived as an ideal destination due to its affordability and relaxed lifestyle. These perceptions, alongside practical factors such as visa flexibility and community support, shape migration choices. Notably, many migrants reject the term ‘migration′, opting for less permanent and more positive framings. By analysing lifestyle migration in times of crisis, this paper expands the scope of lifestyle and privileged migration research, examining the role of privilege in mobility.

本文考察了生活方式移民到泰国作为新兴文化的一部分,由社会政治不稳定和经济不确定性塑造的移民。重点关注政治和经济动荡背景下的移民,它强调了这种移民趋势的时机,并探讨了个人和集体危机如何影响流动决策。本文将这些动态置于全球移民模式和类似案例中,采用社会想象的概念来研究泰国是如何因其负担能力和轻松的生活方式而被视为理想目的地的。这些观念,加上签证灵活性和社区支持等实际因素,决定了移民的选择。值得注意的是,许多移民拒绝使用“移民”一词,选择不那么永久和更积极的框架。本文通过分析危机时期的生活方式移民,拓展了生活方式和特权移民研究的范围,考察了特权在人口流动中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Infrastructures of Highly Skilled Family Migration: Political Economy of the Family in Migration 高技能家庭移民的基础设施:移民家庭的政治经济学
IF 2.6 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1002/psp.70133
Sophie Cranston, George Tan

Research on highly skilled migration has challenged methodological individualism by emphasising the need to centre familial relationships in the understanding of migration. However, the resulting focus on the micro-scale of the family unit negates an understanding of broader political-economic discourses shaping everyday migrant lives. This paper demonstrates why research on highly skilled family migration needs to be placed in conversation with neoliberalism. Using a case study of Australian and British highly skilled migrant families moving through Singapore, the paper makes two contributions to research on migration. First, the paper develops the scope beyond that of the micro or macro-scale into the missing meso-scale analysis of highly skilled family migration. Second, the paper advances migration infrastructures as a conceptual approach to understand the meso-level, contesting the previous methodological individualism by extending analyses of infrastructures to the family. Using examples of infrastructures of visas and international schools, the paper demonstrates that meso-level infrastructures broker temporariness, transience and time insecurity as a condition of neoliberalism within the lives and mobilities of highly skilled family migrants.

对高技能移民的研究强调在理解移民时必须以家庭关系为中心,从而挑战了方法论上的个人主义。然而,由此产生的对家庭单位微观尺度的关注否定了对塑造日常移民生活的更广泛的政治经济话语的理解。本文论证了为什么对高技能家庭移民的研究需要与新自由主义进行对话。本文以移居新加坡的澳大利亚和英国高技能移民家庭为例,对移民研究做出了两点贡献。首先,本文将微观或宏观尺度之外的范围扩展到缺失的高技能家庭移民的中观尺度分析。其次,本文将迁移基础设施作为一种理解中观层面的概念方法,通过将基础设施的分析扩展到家庭,与之前的方法论个人主义相抗衡。本文以签证和国际学校的基础设施为例,证明了中观基础设施在高技能家庭移民的生活和流动中,作为新自由主义的一种条件,中介了临时性、短暂性和时间不安全感。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the Nexus Between Life Satisfaction and Institutional Trust: Evidence From Italian and Foreign Citizens 探索生活满意度与机构信任之间的关系:来自意大利和外国公民的证据
IF 2.6 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-10-18 DOI: 10.1002/psp.70120
Martina Bodo, Angela Paparusso, Elena Ambrosetti

The aim of this paper is to study the subjective well-being (SWB) of the resident population in Italy, by analyzing the association between self-reported life satisfaction and institutional trust, controlling for socio-demographic, human capital, other measures of SWB and government change, whilst distinguishing between Italian and foreign citizens. Indeed, examining disparities in SWB between Italian and foreign citizens is crucial for understanding if their well-being levels are similar and which factors might either foster or hinder parity. Italy is a peculiar case study, as it is characterized by a general lack of trust in institutions; moreover, the relationship between SWB and institutional trust has so far not been approached from a native/immigrant comparative perspective. We use pooled data from seven rounds (2015–2021) of the Multipurpose survey on households ‘Aspects of Daily Life’ carried out by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT). Our dependent variable is self-reported life satisfaction. Institutional trust is built as an index of respondent's trust in the Italian parliament, the government, political parties, the judicial system and law enforcement. We run OLS linear regression models with wave fixed effects to account for changes in the distribution between the different years. Life satisfaction is slightly higher for Italians compared to foreign citizens. Institutional trust appears positive and a significant predictor of life satisfaction for both Italian and foreign citizens. However, results suggest that institutional trust has a mediating role for the life satisfaction of foreign citizens, meaning that trust in institutions is more important for non-Italian citizens. Finally, government change is positively associated with life satisfaction.

本文的目的是研究意大利常住人口的主观幸福感(SWB),通过分析自我报告的生活满意度与制度信任之间的关系,控制社会人口统计学、人力资本、其他衡量主观幸福感和政府变革的指标,同时区分意大利公民和外国公民。事实上,研究意大利公民和外国公民在幸福感方面的差异对于了解他们的幸福水平是否相似以及哪些因素可能促进或阻碍平等至关重要。意大利是一个特殊的研究案例,因为它的特点是对机构普遍缺乏信任;此外,SWB与机构信任之间的关系迄今尚未从本土/移民的比较角度进行研究。我们使用了意大利国家统计局(ISTAT)开展的七轮(2015-2021)家庭“日常生活方面”多目的调查的汇总数据。我们的因变量是自我报告的生活满意度。制度信任是被调查者对意大利议会、政府、政党、司法系统和执法机构的信任指数。我们运行具有波动固定效应的OLS线性回归模型来解释不同年份之间分布的变化。意大利人的生活满意度略高于外国公民。机构信任似乎是积极的,是意大利和外国公民生活满意度的重要预测因素。然而,结果表明,制度信任对外国公民的生活满意度有中介作用,这意味着对机构的信任对非意大利公民更重要。最后,政府变革与生活满意度呈正相关。
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引用次数: 0
Emotionally Healthy Ageing-in-Place: Residential Normalcy, Place Attachment and Mental Well-Being of Elderly Migrants in Shenzhen, China 情绪健康的原地老龄化:深圳流动老年人居住常态、地方依恋与心理健康
IF 2.6 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1002/psp.70129
Tianyao Zhang, Jiahui Liu, Hung Chak Ho

Within the intertwined processes of migration and population ageing, the emotional experiences of growing old in a new environment and their impact on mental well-being remain underexplored. Drawing on a sample of 413 elderly migrants from two representative migrant-concentrated districts in Shenzhen, China, this study employed structural equation modelling to investigate the pathways linking residential normalcy, place attachment, and mental well-being. The key findings reveal that place attachment serves as a significant mediator in the relationship between residential normalcy and mental well-being, with place identity emerging as the most prominent subcomponent. This relationship is further moderated by both the duration of residence and the quality of the residential environment. Specifically, residential normalcy exerts a direct positive effect on mental well-being only among elderly migrants residing in high-quality neighbourhoods, indicating that residential mastery directly enhances their mental well-being. Furthermore, for late-life arrivals and elderly migrants living in lower-quality neighbourhoods, the development of place attachment through residential mastery proves challenging. In these groups, the mediating influence of place identity assumes greater importance relative to their counterparts. The study demonstrates that fostering place attachment can serve as a critical affective coping strategy for mitigating mental well-being challenges associated with ageing out of place. Therefore, there is a critical need for the development and implementation of policies and interventions aimed at fostering residential normalcy and enhancing place attachment, especially among late-life arrivals and elderly migrants residing in disadvantaged neighbourhoods. Such measures are essential to support the transition from ‘ageing out of place’ to healthy ‘ageing in place’ for elderly migrants in urban China.

在移民和人口老龄化交织的过程中,在新环境中变老的情感体验及其对心理健康的影响仍未得到充分探讨。本研究以中国深圳两个具有代表性的流动人口集中地区的413名老年流动人口为样本,采用结构方程模型来研究居住常态、地方依恋和心理健康之间的联系途径。研究发现,地方依恋在居住常态与心理健康的关系中起着重要的中介作用,其中地方认同是最显著的子成分。这种关系受到居住时间和居住环境质量的进一步调节。具体而言,居住常态只对居住在优质社区的老年流动人口的心理健康产生直接的正向影响,表明居住精通直接提高了老年流动人口的心理健康。此外,对于生活在低质量社区的晚年移民和老年移民来说,通过居住掌握来发展地方依恋被证明是具有挑战性的。在这些群体中,地方认同的中介影响相对于其他群体更为重要。研究表明,培养地方依恋可以作为一种关键的情感应对策略,以减轻与不适应环境相关的心理健康挑战。因此,迫切需要制定和实施旨在促进正常居住和加强地方依恋的政策和干预措施,特别是在居住在弱势社区的老年移民和老年移民中。这些措施对于支持中国城市老年流动人口从“异地老龄化”向健康的“就地老龄化”过渡至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Recentring Intimacy in Hopping (Im)mobilities of Academic Precarity 在学术不稳定性的跳跃流动中重新定位亲密关系
IF 2.6 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1002/psp.70132
Ieva Puzo, Aija Lulle

This article introduces the notion of ‘hopping (im)mobilities’, referring to relatively short-term relocations—socially and geographically—within neoliberal academia. The data is drawn from two research projects focused on mobile researchers making Latvia and Japan their more permanent place. Our fieldwork reveals that researchers’ affective ties play a central role in place-making. Whilst career progression and achievements matter for welfare and subjective wellbeing, we argue that recentring intimacy—connections to people and places—serves as a valuable analytical device that sheds light on the constitutive role of relationships in producing spaces, including academic knowledge spaces, and invites to pose much broader questions about the entrenched epistemologies of Western knowledge hubs, perceived undesirable peripheries and place from the standpoints of researchers themselves.

本文介绍了“跳跃(im)流动”的概念,指的是新自由主义学术界相对短期的社会和地理迁移。这些数据来自两个研究项目,重点关注移动研究人员使拉脱维亚和日本成为他们更长久的居住地。我们的实地调查表明,研究人员的情感联系在位置制定中起着核心作用。虽然职业发展和成就对福利和主观幸福感很重要,但我们认为,重新集中亲密关系——与人和地方的联系——作为一种有价值的分析手段,它揭示了关系在生产空间(包括学术知识空间)中的构成作用,并提出了有关西方知识中心根深蒂固的认识论的更广泛的问题。从研究人员自己的角度来看,感知到的不受欢迎的边缘和位置。
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引用次数: 0
From Flux to Capital: Distinguishing Patterns of Income and Wealth Segregation in the Netherlands 从流动到资本:荷兰收入与财富隔离的区别模式
IF 2.6 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1002/psp.70127
Javier San Millán, Clémentine Cottineau-Mugadza, Maarten Van Ham

Who are “the rich” and how should their residential patterns be studied? In society, the rich are defined not only by their high income but also—and perhaps more importantly—by their high wealth. However, while income is closely monitored and taxed, wealth often remains less scrutinised, particularly in the context of residential segregation research. This study explores how the spatial patterns of affluence and poverty differ when considering wealth versus income and discusses their implications. By analyzing geo-coded microdata from the Netherlands, we reveal that wealth segregation is much higher than income segregation, and that roughly the top tenth richest households in terms of wealth are far more spatially isolated from the rest of the population than what the income-based literature would suggest. Our findings also demonstrate three other key insights: (1) Whereas financial wealth is more unequally distributed than real estate wealth across society, it is more equally distributed across space. (2) Wealth segregation is notably more sensitive to the spatial scale of measurement compared to income segregation. (3) The temporal trends of income and wealth segregation diverge: while the former is decreasing in most urban areas, wealth segregation is rising almost everywhere in the Netherlands. This stresses the necessity of incorporating wealth into studies of segregation not as an alternative operationalization, but as a different perspective on the spatial concentration of capital which captures the role of social class, age and migration in a way that income-based approaches cannot render.

谁是“富人”,他们的居住模式应该如何研究?在社会上,富人的定义不仅在于他们的高收入,而且——也许更重要的是——他们的高财富。然而,尽管收入受到密切监控并征税,但财富往往受到的审查较少,尤其是在住宅隔离研究的背景下。本研究探讨了当考虑财富与收入时,富裕和贫困的空间格局是如何不同的,并讨论了它们的含义。通过分析来自荷兰的地理编码微数据,我们发现财富隔离远高于收入隔离,并且就财富而言,大约排名前十的最富有家庭在空间上与其他人口的隔离程度远高于基于收入的文献所显示的。我们的研究结果还证明了其他三个关键见解:(1)尽管金融财富在整个社会中的分布比房地产财富更不均匀,但它在整个空间中的分布更均匀。(2)财富隔离对测度空间尺度的敏感性明显高于收入隔离。(3)收入和财富隔离的时间趋势存在分歧:收入和财富隔离在大多数城市地区正在减少,而在荷兰,财富隔离几乎无处不在。这强调了将财富纳入隔离研究的必要性,而不是作为另一种操作化,而是作为对资本空间集中的不同视角,以收入为基础的方法无法提供的方式捕捉社会阶级,年龄和移民的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Spatial Fertility Variation in China: The Role of Population Composition, Context and Spillover 中国生育空间变化:人口构成、背景和溢出的作用
IF 2.6 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1002/psp.70124
Kuoshi Hu, Hill Kulu, Júlia Mikolai

This study analyses spatial variation in fertility and its determinants, including their direct and spillover impact, in China. We apply spatial regression models to the 2000 population census. The results show, first, that there is significant spatial variation in fertility at the county level in China and that counties with similar fertility levels tend to cluster together. Second, the total fertility rate (TFR) is higher in counties with a smaller proportion of highly educated females, a larger proportion of agricultural workers, a larger share of the married population, and a larger proportion of ethnic minorities. Higher GDP per capita is associated with lower TFR. This study highlights that both population composition and context can explain spatial variation in fertility in China, indicating that individuals' characteristics as well as the context in which they live influence their fertility behaviour. It additionally emphasises the spillover impact of population composition and context from neighbouring counties on the fertility level in a given county.

本研究分析了中国生育率的空间差异及其决定因素,包括其直接影响和溢出影响。本文将空间回归模型应用于2000年人口普查。结果表明:①中国县域生育率存在显著的空间差异,生育水平相近的县域具有集聚的趋势;其次,高学历女性比例较低、农业工人比例较高、已婚人口比例较高、少数民族人口比例较高的县,其总生育率较高。较高的人均GDP与较低的总生育率相关。该研究强调,人口构成和环境都可以解释中国生育率的空间差异,表明个体的特征以及他们所生活的环境影响了他们的生育行为。它还强调了邻近国家的人口构成和背景对某一国家生育率水平的溢出影响。
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引用次数: 0
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Population Space and Place
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