Population Space and Place最新文献

The decline in manufacturing employment has emerged as a global demographic phenomenon in recent decades. However, previous research has primarily focused on the national level, resulting in limited geographical insights into the spatial variations of this decline at more minor scales. Our paper decodes the long-term geographical process of manufacturing employment decline at the city level in China from an “industry-population-place” perspective, underscoring the pivotal role played by technological advancements. The results show that, during 2000–2010 and 2010–2020, the unbalanced changing pattern of China's manufacturing employment appeared to be a disruptive reallocation. The technology-driven transition of manufacturing employment decline at the city level in China was identified. During 2000–2010, over 60% of cities experiencing a decline in manufacturing employment were technologically lost, while technological density improvement became the “main melody” in most cities experiencing such decline during 2010–2020. In a city experiencing such a decline, the greater the improvement in technological intensity, the stronger the positive effect of the decline on local economic development, particularly when accompanied by an expansion in the socioeconomic scale of the city. Furthermore, we observe changes in the characteristics of manufacturing employment on the west side of the Hu Line between 2010 and 2020, compared to previous years and even decades. These changes are characterised by a significant increase in manufacturing employment and the rapid technology-driven transformation of cities that have experienced a decline in manufacturing employment.

The paper makes visible and examines the failure of infrastructures of (im)mobility drawing attention to their entanglements that together shape everyday lives. It draws on the experiences of international students (IS) in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic to firstly offer a reading of the pandemic as a crisis which exposed the already failing of the infrastructures that are supposed to sustain everyday lives. Secondly, it draws attention to the entangled infrastructures of finance and knowledge to show these connections and disconnections have always been tenuous and wrought with issues which the pandemic exposed but have always constituted the everyday lives of migrants such as IS. The paper closes by exploring the implications of these findings for future research.

Current research on the housing careers of urban low-income groups, dominated by quantitative modelling, has discussed the housing predicament faced by the urban poor at length. While much is known about the factors influencing their housing careers, these studies have failed to provide a satisfactory understanding of the intricacy and depth of human struggles those vulnerable groups experienced in the urban housing market. This contributes a four-period model, through a dialogue with the established life cycle/life course theories, to the reconceptualization of housing career of the urban poor and depicts a vivid and continuous housing trajectory by analysing their lived experiences at each period. This paper finds that, in a highly constrained and segregated housing market, the housing problems experienced by low-income earners and their coping strategies are far more complex and variegated than traditional life cycle/course theory would predict. Factors at individual, household, community and even national levels are often interwoven and, more importantly, the combinations of these influences are constantly changing, sometimes repeating along their housing career forming a nuanced dynamism that has been largely overlooked by existing research.

This paper examines the experiences of newcomer Chinese students in Dutch cities during the COVID-19 pandemic, building on three strands of literature on (i) arrival infrastructure, (ii) homemaking and (iii) the nature of conflating digital and offline spaces. Based on qualitative research findings from two research projects, the paper illustrates resilience among the students in infrastructuring their arrival and making a new home in an unfamiliar city that was rather inaccessible due to recurrent social distancing restrictions and incidents of ‘Corona racism’. Narratives of the research participants offer insights into their arrival experiences and homemaking practices in key interlinked life spaces, namely academic, residential and socialising spaces as well as spaces of interactions with the broader (unwelcoming) society. In addition to students' agency, our findings demonstrate the importance of (transnational) communal care and the role of the digital in students' arrival experiences and homemaking practices.

Homeless people have become more visible in China in recent years. However, research on Chinese homelessness in general and homeless migrants in particular is still very limited. Based on the China Migrants Dynamic Survey, this pioneering exploration of the geography of homeless migrants in China arrives at three conclusions. First, although homeless migrants are often scorned as an underclass of derelict drifters, the majority are educated, married, and employed, sometimes temporarily. Second, although most homeless migrants congregate in the most developed coastal regions, the number of homeless migrants as a proportion of total migrants is relatively high in some remote provinces, with significant numbers residing in rural areas. Third, in addition to the three established drivers: the housing market, economic opportunity, and social support, prejudice towards the homeless is shown to be an important factor in the concentration of homeless migrants and their exclusion from urban society. This paper contributes to an understanding of homeless migrants in China and the factors accounting for their spatial distribution.

This study examines migration intentions in a politically divided context, focusing on the interactive roles of individuals’ and the spouses’ affective polarization and political attitudes. Our study uses Hong Kong as a case study to elucidate migration intentions in the context of political polarization and increasing authoritarianism. We investigate how individuals facing the same political conditions exhibit varying inclinations to migrate. Our analysis is based on dyadic data from a representative household survey involving 1003 married couples. The findings reveal that spousal pro-democratic attitudes and affective polarization are associated with stronger migration intentions, with significant implications for predicting migration patterns. Moreover, the study highlights the significance of the interactive role between individuals’ and the spouses’ political attitudes in shaping migration intentions. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between dyadic political attitudes, affective polarization, and migration intentions in highly developed societies with advanced economies.

Mobility has been identified as having a key role in contributing to the well-being of older adults. While existing studies have focused on the daily mobility of elderly people in a local context, relatively limited attention has been given to the translocal context of mobility of elderly migrants, who are increasingly involved in translocal mobility both physically and virtually. To fill this gap, focusing on the drifting elderly in China, this article examines the association between mobility and well-being by integrating both local and translocal contexts. We deconstruct mobility into three forms: daily mobility within the host city, return mobility from the host city to the hometown, and virtual mobility which unifies local and translocal contexts. How these three forms of mobility relate to well-being and the mediating role of both local and hometown social networks are investigated using structural equation models. The results indicate that daily mobility indirectly contributes to well-being through the mediation of local social networks in the host city. Meanwhile, return mobility and virtual mobility have both direct and indirect positive effects on well-being. Return mobility impacts well-being mediated by hometown social networks, and virtual mobility contributes to well-being through mediation by both daily mobility and hometown social networks. This article introduces a comprehensive translocal perspective, both physically and virtually, to the existing body of research, offering valuable insights into the intricate relationship between mobility and well-being among elderly migrants.

This article investigates the nature of refugee journeys by triangulating open-ended, closed, and spatial survey data collected among South Sudanese refugees in Northern Uganda. While much research focuses on migration pathways across borders into the Global North, knowledge about refugees' journeys within their countries of origin or to neighbouring countries is limited. By targeting refugees' initial journeys out of conflict settings, we shed light on this little-studied aspect of the refugee experience, with the aim to contribute to a better understanding of refugees' choices en route. We scrutinise the geographies and dynamics of refugee journeys, including the impact of conflict and violence, travel companions, information sources, assistance, and modes of transportation. We further analyse the links between these experiences and the complexity, length, and duration of refugees' journeys, aiming to map the varying significance of what refugees face during their journeys. Drawing on the migration infrastructure literature, we adapt and apply these concepts to refugee journeys, enhancing our understanding of refugees' initial journeys within and out of conflict settings, conceptualised as refugee journey infrastructures.

The decennial census offers high-quality geographic and demographic information to various stakeholders. Differential privacy (DP) refers to the process of introducing random error into public facing data products such as the decennial census. Studies suggest DP may statistically bias health indicators. This study evaluates neighborhood-level (census tract) life expectancy (LE), highlighting the potential trade-offs between privacy-preserving methods and detecting health disparities in vulnerable populations. LE was calculated using mortality records from Florida between 2009 and 2013 across 4175 census tracts. This study compared US Census Bureau demonstration products with/without DP for two different uncertainty levels (ϵ) = 4, (ϵ) = 29.2. LE estimates were defined as biased (greater than 3 years), and then temporarily replaced with a value to indicate a biased/missing LE value (e.g., ‘1′). Correlation coefficients compared LE calculated from the original (non-DP) age-specific population estimates and the DP age-specific population counts. Next, the study examined the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the biased DP LE estimates. Factors significantly correlated with increased log-odds of biased LE estimates included the % Black population (1.03, p < 0.001). Conversely, total population (0.21, p < 0.001), % female-headed households (0.86, p < 0.001), and % population 25+ years with no high school diploma (0.94, p < 0.001) exhibited significant negative associations with biased LE estimates. Future studies should consider the additional uncertainty created by DP when assessing public health interventions and tracking population health over time.

This paper discusses the emigration process by the Swedes permanently residing in Portugal and their emotional ties to the Swedish society. The focus is on those who have no ambition nor desire to keep up any ties with Sweden after they have emigrated to Portugal. Hitherto, the non-intention to return is, both empirically and theoretically, underexplored in migration research. To enrich the conceptual framework, we incorporate Hirschmann's theory on loyalty, voice, and exit with Elias's established/outsider-theory. The findings suggest that many of the Swedes in Portugal with no intentions to return were Eliasian ‘outsiders’ before leaving Sweden. We conclude that all lifestyle migrants do not migrate to'practice privilege’ or'self-fulfilment’, partly contesting what is known about lifestyle migrations associated with European north-south migrations; some have done a Hirschmann ‘exit’, left their native country and try to prosper somewhere else. The added value of this paper is its potential to explain why emigrants choose not to maintain ties with their country of origin.